CN102985349A - A buffer - Google Patents

Abstract

A buffer (10) comprises a casing (11) defining a hollow container for hydraulic fluid; a hollow, hydraulic fluid reservoir adjacent to the container; a displacement member (18) extending between the exterior of the buffer and the interior of the reservoir via a first aperture (19) in the reservoir; and a spring (16) acting between the displacement member and the remainder of the buffer. The displacement member (18) is moveable inside the reservoir between a first position in which the displacement member (18) is relatively extended on the exterior of the casing (11); and a second position in which the displacement member (19) is relatively retracted, inside the reservoir, the spring (16) urging the displacement member (18) towards the first position. The reservoir includes one or more further apertures (28) via which on movement of the displacement member (18) from the first position to the second position hydraulic fluid flows from the reservoir to the container in a manner damping movement of the displacement member (18).

Description

Energy disperser

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of energy disperser of in the well of elevator or elevator, using of being particularly useful for.

Common embodiment is for one or more energy dispersers being installed in the place, bottom of this type of well, in order to satisfy the requirement of the fault of some type, these faults are in the occasional appearance of the operating period of elevator.

Background technology

The elevator that has various designs.In many in them, by means of cable the lifting car is suspended on the pulley, cable is connected on the heavier counterweight in a side of the pulley relative with a side of lifting car.Electro-motor impels the controlled rising of lifting car and decline, owing to the lifting car is connected on the counterweight via cable, so make the quality of lifting car be essentially " centre ".

Dynamo-electric brake or mechanical brake act on lifting car, pulley or the electro-motor (depending on accurate elevator design) selectively, are installed on wherein or elevator is installed near the flooring of the building it or the selected At The Height of floor in order to the lifting car is rested in corresponding to elevator.When restriction like this, the lifting car is in correct At The Height and comes entering and/or leaving for passenger or goods.

The supporting rope of elevator lifting car can support the quality of the quality that is several times as much as whole lifting car, and in most countries, the other parts of cable and elevator must experience regular safety inspection.Therefore, occur that wherein cable is entirely ineffective so that the probability of the accident that the lifting car falls under gravity is very small; And determine the maximum vertical speed that obtained by the lifting car by the rotative speed of motor substantially.No matter the character of the basically force balance of the elevator of cable support is actually the major cause that their lifting car rises or descends and all move with identical speed.

Yet yes known, cable extends sometimes, or the drg of elevator or the control electronics package defectiveness that can become, so that the lifting car does not accurately stop at the correct At The Height at each flooring place.

If this type of event causes the ground of lifting car and the step between the close flooring of its floor that has stopped of lifting car, then this type of event may only be inconvenient.

When the release-push of lifting car door was not far touched with at stop lifting car the time from the parked point of expectation of its contiguous flooring is enough in the position of lifting car, more serious problem can appear.As a result, the people of lifting car inboard just can not be in the situation that does not come from extraneous assistance and leave.

Potential maximum worry is, a reason in for the above reasons, when its stroke of lifting car in elevator below the scope place descend and may bump when too far away.

In many buildings, the base portion of elevator is all formed by cement concrete or another kind of hard material.If the lifting car extends owing to cable or drg/control electronic device failure is collided this type of base portion, then the lifting car becomes impaired.

In addition, inboard the shaking or clashing into of producing of lifting car can make the passenger injured or damage goods by carriage lift.Even during this type of collision, do not have generation for human or animal's physical injury, in many people, formed strongly the worry to calamitous elevator accident yet.Therefore, uncontrolled the shaking all of any type of elevator lifting car can cause quite serious psychic trauma and worry.

For previous reasons, to descend too far and be lower than it and estimate the purpose of the energy dissipation of the lifting car of the parked point in below to be known that with the microscler energy disperser of installation this energy disperser extends upward from the base portion of elevator in order to make.

The lifting car generally includes the plate that is fixed on its downside, and the freedom upper end of plate and energy disperser is aimed at, in order to make plate joint energy disperser and compression buffer in the situation of the excessive descent of lifting car.This type of action impels with the predictable mode kinetic energy of lifting car that dissipates, so that reduce to greatest extent shaking of lifting car inboard, and also reduce to greatest extent the lifting car is caused self the risk of damage.

Extensively one type known energy disperser is so-called water bumper.

This type of energy disperser uses in elevator, and also is used on the rolling stock with heavier project, and is used as cushioning fender (being called beam in the U.S.) at the place, end of railroad track.

No matter use in elevator or use in railway applications, water bumper all comprises cylindrical housings usually, and an end of piston stretches out from housing, and the other end of piston is positioned at the housing inboard.

Lid is terminated at the external part of piston, and when for example being collided by lift car, lid converts the power that produces to piston towards the motion of translation of the inboard position of retracting of housing.

During this action, after the valve in opening fluid flow passages, piston forces hydraulic oil to pass throttle nozzle.According to known physical principle, the motion of the throttling buffering piston of fluid so that the lifting car stops reposefully and little by little, and can not make it be subject to any damage or shakes.

The Known designs of elevator energy disperser is to be intended to the non-catastrophic collision that as prescribed is alleviated the above-mentioned type.Given this, general situation is that buffer design becomes in order to repeatedly to use.For this reason, many known buffer design comprise retracing spring, and the purpose of retracing spring is to impel piston to retract its extended position after lifting away from energy disperser absorbing collision and lifting car.In this type of energy disperser, after the operating spring, prepare to re-use.

Spring can adopt many forms, and they act on the piston of inboard of housing mentioned above substantially.Some spring designs are very complicated, and comprise the gas compression chamber, in situation about bumping, will touch the gas compression chamber.The complexity that known retracing spring is arranged is tending towards increasing weight and the cost of buffer design.

In addition, flow regulating valve and nozzle assembly are usually very complicated, and therefore relatively costly for making.

Can be according to the regulation of the expensive and/or complicated member of the use task capable of regulating rail buffer of this type of energy disperser and cushioning fender.On the other hand, especially more difficult cost, complexity and the quality of adjusting the higher level in the buffer of elevator.This is not because this type of energy disperser is intended to only very infrequently operation in the situation that the defective of setting forth as mentioned occurs at least.

In addition, exist total pressure to reduce the cost of building element at least some classes of construction trade.

Therefore, existence need to be to produce a kind of actv. elevator energy disperser, and it provides good performance when needed, has caused simultaneously cost savings, and this can not used task frequently and caused by regulation.

Another problem of buffer of elevator relates to the fugitiveness of piston during the shake-up.In many countries, the rules and regulations piston only can depart from from the lowland of straight line longitudinal stroke.Therefore, desired is to overcome the non-stable plunger that vertically moves.

In relatively long energy disperser, just might provide sleeve, sleeve lap in the inboard of energy disperser in order to overcome the bar that N/R shifted laterally (side-to-side movement) comes stable plunger in all or its stroke of major part.

Yet in buffer of elevator, usually not existing for the mode with economy provides the space of the overlapping stabilizer component of length.

As alternative, might with very high precision and closely tolerance construct simply energy disperser.Yet this also is expensive, and can increase the weight of energy disperser.In low-cost buffer of elevator design, these two kinds of losses may be unacceptable.

Summary of the invention

According to the present invention, aspect wider in, a kind of energy disperser is provided, it comprises the housing of the hollow container that is defined for hydraulic fluid; The hollow hydraulic fluid reservoir of adjacent vessel; The displacement component that between the inside of the outside of energy disperser and storage tank, extends via the first aperture in the storage tank; And act on spring between the remainder of displacement component and energy disperser, displacement component can be in the inboard of storage tank, therein the displacement component primary importance of extending with respect to the outside of housing and wherein displacement component relatively be retracted between the second place of storage tank inboard and extend, spring promotes displacement component towards primary importance, and storage tank comprises one or more other apertures, when displacement component moved to the second place from primary importance, hydraulic fluid flowed to container from storage tank via other aperture in the mode of the movement of buffer displacement parts; Wherein displacement component comprises the free end away from storage tank; Its medi-spring is coil spring, and action of the spring is at described free end and housing or be connected between the element on the housing; And wherein the inside of energy disperser comprises stabiliser, and stabiliser is to stop the non-of displacement component to vertically move with displacement component towards the mobile mode that increases of the second place.

The advantage of this device is that it can construct and cheaply as object relatively light on the weight.

This part is owing to provide spring between the free end that is configured to act on displacement component and the housing (or be connected on the housing element) with the conventional helical spring form that can be easily purchase with low cost.

In addition, the appointed place of spring mean not will spring any part place the inboard of housing or storage tank.This means again the structure very economical that can make energy disperser then, because for example do not need to provide the costliness sealing that the chamber isolation of the chamber of gas spring and hydraulic buffering mechanism is opened.

In addition, this also means the diameter that can reduce to greatest extent as much as possible energy disperser (if as in the described preferred embodiment hereinafter it being configured to cylindrical form), has considered simultaneously the performance requriements of energy disperser.This has reduced needed quantity of material (that is, the steel in the preferred embodiment) in the manufacturing of energy disperser, thereby has further reduced its cost and weight.

In force, spring exposes unimportant in the outside of device, because for the user of elevator, and generally can not be near buffer of elevator (so not having the danger of being intervened by the user); And in addition, even coil spring also will work after not touching exposing the position midium or long term.

As preferably, housing and storage tank are respectively or comprise respectively hollow circuit cylinder, and the diameter of the inside of housing surpasses the diameter of the outside of storage tank, and storage tank is positioned at the inboard of housing at least in part, holds the circle of storage tank as the length in its at least a portion take Bedpan.

This kind layout is advantageously very compact.In addition, member and especially storage tank are configured to cylinder mean that they can stand heavily stressed, especially stand those heavily stresseds that during operation buffer, occur.

Be easily, housing and storage tank and concentrically with respect to one another and be parallel to each other and extend, and storage tank roughly is positioned at the inboard of housing fully.

This layout also helps to bring compactedness and light weight at energy disperser.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, displacement component is cylindrical piston, the part of cylindrical piston is accommodated in the inboard of storage tank slidably, in order to become fluid shift to be communicated with the inwall of storage tank, so that displacement component impels via the positive transfering fluid in one or more other apertures towards the movement of the second place.

Compared with prior art, this layout has been simplified energy disperser of the present invention significantly.

Particularly, storage tank can be configured to gauge line as a result, does not have movable part in the gauge line, and wherein open all the time in the aperture.This means does not need to exist relatively costly calibrate valve in the energy disperser of the present invention, calibrate valve is known in the device of prior art.

Be easily, stabiliser comprises the circumferential collar around bar or piston, and the diameter of the collar is variable; And bar or piston comprise be connected thereto one or more first actuate the surface, when bar or piston move towards the second place, first actuate the surface can with the cover engagement of loops to impel the cover ring extension, this type of expansion is by the one or more other surface opposing of the outside that is positioned at the collar, in order to stop the non-of piston to vertically move.

As preferably, circumferential collar is formed by two or more ring-type sections, and when actuating face joint by one or more first, the ring-type sections can be expanded away from each other.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, first actuate surface or each first and actuate the surface for one or more inclined-planes or comprise one or more inclined-planes.

As preferably, the collar comprises one or more surfaces of taking in, and taking in that the surface comprises can be by described inclined-plane of actuating face joint.

Be easily, by with actuate surface or each first by first and actuate the surface and be applied to the relative one or more shoulders of power on the collar and overcome and vertically move to limit the collar.

As preferably, the collar comprises one or more reaction surface, reaction surface can be by one or more other face joint of actuating, one or more reaction surface impel the collar in the expansion of the three unities place with the other place that engages between the surface of actuating, this place along piston with to actuate the described place end wise of actuating face joint of surface or each by described first spaced apart.

That first actuates surface or each first actuates the surface and/or other actuate the surface or each other surface of actuating forms around the surperficial circle of actuating of bar or piston easily.

Preferably, at least one described diameter of actuating surperficial circle is variable.

In addition, as preferably, energy disperser of the present invention comprises and is arranged in the described one or more discontinuities of actuating surperficial circle that allow its vary in diameter.

For actv. sealing being provided and therefore the just transfer of hydraulic fluid as indicated above being provided, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, piston is included in one or more piston rings of the inboard of storage tank, and piston ring and the inwall of storage tank become slidably fluid to shift to contact.

Piston ring can be made by any material in the suitable material of the certain limit that will expect such as those of skill in the art.

Be easily, the inside of storage tank is microscler, and comprise a plurality of other apertures, the aperture limits the isolated in groups aperture of extending along storage tank, displacement component is covered the other aperture in the aperture in groups in order when moving towards the second place, so that the buffering of the movement of displacement component moves and increases towards the second place with displacement component.

Form so other aperture useful be on high energy collision is tending towards than the low energy collision displacement component further being compressed to meaning in the storage tank, energy disperser of the present invention is conditioned.During collisional quenching, displacement component covers and stops continuously in groups more other aperture in the aperture.This has little by little reduced the other orifice area of assembling, and shifts hydraulic fluid by displacement component via orifice area.Thus, the buffering effect of energy disperser increases, and has further compressed displacement component.

More specifically, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, other aperture restriction is arranged to around the spiral pattern in the other aperture of the periphery of storage tank.Other aperture and the length variations of spacing each other along storage tank.

These aspects of other aperture pattern mean: at first, shift equably hydraulic fluid on all sidepieces of storage tank.This is then balanced again by the suffered stress of the wall of displacement component and storage tank.

The second, the pattern in preferred other aperture means when displacement component is advanced along storage tank, has increased buffering effect by the increment that changes.The character that increases gradually that produces in the buffering effect means the design that can simplify storage tank and displacement component, and can be by the design of relatively simple engineering calculation generation storage tank and displacement component, the simultaneously design of storage tank and displacement component can be used for cushioning the lifting car quality of certain limit.

Advantageously, in the use of energy disperser, a plurality of other apertures below the aperture and the other aperture of at least one the top between vertically extend; And when displacement component occupied its first extended position, container held the hydraulic fluid of level in the other aperture of the other aperture that is higher than the top or each the top.

Can select the volume (stipulating by its diameter as main) of container to cause this fill level of hydraulic fluid.In a preferred embodiment, the Selective filling level is not in order to generally come for transfering fluid with the other aperture of the top or the other aperture of each the top in a large number during the compression stroke of displacement component.As an alternative, as described herein, the other aperture of the top or the other aperture of each the top are useful is the purpose that recharges storage tank after can be used for colliding when the effect downward-extension of displacement component at spring.

For the ease of this effect, optionally, the other aperture of the other aperture of the top in the aperture or each the top is greater than remaining aperture in the aperture in groups in groups.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, storage tank and housing at least one end place be adjacent to each other, piston directly extend out to the outside of housing via the first aperture from storage tank thus.In addition, optionally, free end comprises flange fixed thereon, and action of the spring is between flange and housing; And further alternatively be, flange comprises the skirt section, and around spring, and housing comprises the part that diameter reduces at the first end place in the skirt section, the part that the second end ring of the spring relative with first end reduces around diameter, this layout so that keep-spring with respect to the energy disperser fixing.

Aforementioned feature helps to provide compact structure, the manufacturing of this structure and assemble relatively cheap.

As preferably, energy disperser of the present invention comprises the switch that is fixed on the housing and is fixed on switch actuator on the displacement component, so that when displacement component moves from primary importance towards the second place, the switch actuator operating switch.

This type of switch provides the safety of the operation of the energy disperser of strengthening.Switch can be connected on the circuit, and in the situation of compression buffer, circuitry cuts is to the energy supply of elevator motor.In the design of many elevators, this has automatically touched again the drg of elevator then, for example, and by discharging the magnet stopper baffle plate.

Be easily, switch actuator is elongate bars or comprises elongate bars, and elongate bars is extended towards switch from displacement component, so as with when displacement component moves towards the second place to impel the mode engagement switch of its operation.

This feature of the present invention can be designed in order to only need advantageously to guarantee the compression of a small amount of energy disperser, so that touch switch and then cut off again powered motors.

Description of drawings

Hereinafter by the mode of limiting examples, in view of accompanying drawing is carried out reference the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described now, in the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is the longitudinal cross-section view that the energy disperser of essential characteristics more of the present invention is shown;

Fig. 2 is the view that is similar to Fig. 1, shows some optional feature of the present invention;

Fig. 3 shows the stabiliser that forms a part of the present invention with fragmentary sectional view;

Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B show the operation in conjunction with the device of Fig. 3 of additional optional feature of the present invention; And

Fig. 5 shows the circumferential collar of a part that forms the stabiliser shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 with plan view.

The specific embodiment

Referring to accompanying drawing, energy disperser 10 comprises the prismatic cylindrical metal of being essentially of hollow (for example, steel) shell 11, and the hollow inside 12 of shell 11 is defined for the container (it is invisible in the accompanying drawings) of hydraulic fluid.

Housing 11 is by cylindrical wall 11a; The metal end 14 that in use is in the metal base plate bottom 13 of energy disperser 10 and in use is terminated at its upper end limits.

End cap 14 comprises flanged skirt portion 14a, and the flange 14b of skirt portion 14a is with the upper end coupling of fluid hold mode and cylindrical wall 11a.The remainder of skirt portion 14a has the diameter that reduces than the external diameter of cylindrical wall 11a.The purpose of the swedged part of this of skirt portion 14a is to hold coil spring 16 in the mode of describing in more detail hereinafter.

Basically prismatic cylindrical upright gauge line 17 of hollow is positioned at the inboard of housing 11, so that concentric and extend between base plate 13 and end cap 14 in the inside of energy disperser 10 with housing 11.The hollow inside of gauge line 17 is defined for the storage tank of hydraulic fluid.

For example, gauge line 17 can be made by metal such as steel, and this metal can be stood the remarkable circumference stress that can occur in the operating period of energy disperser 10.Other material except the metal of pointing out that is used for member also may be within the scope of the invention.Those skilled in the art will know feasible alternatives.

By steel disk 17a gauge line locate bottom to seal gauge line 17, steel disk 17a is equipped with plastics (or similarly material) sealing member 17b.As the alternatives of this compound structure, in order to seal the purpose bottom of gauge line 17, for example, might consider to omit the weld plate of plastic seal.

For the displacement component of the form of microscler round section piston 18 extends along its length with respect to energy disperser 10.

In the pre-use state of the energy disperser shown in Fig. 1, piston 18 partly is accommodated in the inside of gauge line 17, and wherein its most length are stretched out via the through-pore 19 in the top that is formed on end cap 14 in the outside of energy disperser 10.Because the adjacency structure of the upper end of housing 11 and gauge line 17, piston directly extend out to the outside of energy disperser 10 basically via aperture 19 from the inside of storage tank.Sealing member such as elastomeric seal 21 near aperture 19 around the shank of piston 18, in order to any hydraulic fluid is wherein remained in the container that limits by housing 11.

Locate bottom at it, piston 18 is terminated in the piston head 22, and piston head 22 contacts with the inwall of the gauge line 17 inboard storage tanks that limit with becoming slidable sealing.Be accommodated in corresponding complemental groove 24a by use, the one or more annular piston ring 23a among the 24b, 23b realizes the slipper seal of the piston head 22 in the gauge line 17, groove 24a, 24b extends around the periphery of piston head 22.Piston ring can provide any material in the material of certain limit of purpose of slipper seal of the above-mentioned type to make by known being suitable for.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, they are made of cast iron, and cast iron are suitably processed the oil control effect that provides desired.

If desired, can provide plural piston ring 23a, 23b.In theory, also might only provide the single living plug ring, but preferably use two these type of rings as shown.

As shown in fig. 1, form the piston head 22 of piston ring 23 tops, comprised annular ring district 42, limited annular ring district 42 by the annular groove of processing in the surface of piston head 22.Piston ring 23 between ring district 42 and they provides the predictable leakage flow of the hydraulic fluid that passes in the upward direction piston head 22, causes the slipper seal of abundant level under reasonable cost.

At its topmost place, the free end of storage tank outside piston 18 is terminated in the top board 26, and top board 26 is essentially the rosette of on even keel extension or the disk of other rigid material.The external diameter of the diameter of top board 26 and housing 11 is roughly the same.

Top board 26 comprises the ring-shaped skirt 27 that suspends downwards, and short distance is extended towards housing 11 in skirt section 27.Mode by spring washer 29 keeps top board 26 to be retained on rigidly on the free end of piston 18, and the projecting collar 29a rebound resilience ground interlock of spring washer 29 is engaged in the annular groove 31 of the end that forms adjacent piston 18.As a result, spring washer 29 presents the circle 29b in outstanding V-arrangement cross section downwards, and this circle 29b is accommodated in the annular recess 32, and annular recess 32 is formed in the upper surface of top board 26.Spring 26 advances recesses 32 to contact with V-arrangement cross section circle 29b, so as formation rigidity sane but cheaply maintaining body come for top board 26.

The coil of spring 16 has constant diameter along its length.The diameter of coil will be selected, so that in use, locate bottom at it, spring 16 can fitly be seated on the part that the diameter that limits by end cap 14 reduces, so as its coil of below be resisted against from the outside flange 14b of the direction of extending bottom of skirt section 14a.

Topmost locate at it, spring 16 is as shown against the downside of top board 26, and overcomes shifted laterally by skirt section 27 and come restraining spring 16.On its length, spring 16 is around the part of piston 18, and this part of piston 18 is stretched out in the outside of housing 11.

Therefore, what will be apparent from is, spring 16 acts between the remainder by the displacement component of piston 18 representatives and energy disperser by the mode that contacts with end cap 14.The power of the spring by effect like this stops piston 18 is compressed to any trend in the inside of gauge line; But the buffering effect that this power and not responsible energy disperser 10 can present.

On the contrary, causing with the dissipate buffering effect of the crash energy that is subject to by top board of the mode of more describing in detail hereinafter is the result of the structure of gauge line 17.

Formed gauge line 17, comprised a series of other a plurality of through-pores that extend along its length, a plurality of through-pores in addition are arranged to the spiral pattern along gauge line 17 to downward-extension, and have marked four 28a wherein, 28b, 28c, 28d among Fig. 1.

In other embodiments of the invention, those shown in wherein the length of the length of gauge line 17 and piston 18 is different from, can exist than shown in those more or less other aperture 28a, 28b etc.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the spiral pattern in aperture is arranged to exist the aperture density of increase, and therefore has larger zone, fluid can flow towards the lower end of gauge line 17 via larger zone.The purpose of this aspect of the present invention is to provide when using with the lifting car quality of certain limit the optimum performance of energy disperser 10.

Each other aperture 28 forms throttle nozzle, throttle nozzle extends from the inside of gauge line 17 and leads to container, so that any fluid that is promoted via other aperture by the effect of piston 18 experiences original known energy dissipation throttle process as described below.

In the preparation of using energy disperser 10, at its final assembly process, come filling containers and gauge line 17 via filler plug 34 (among Fig. 2 as seen), filler plug 34 is the opening in the closed end cap 14 releasedly, and wherein hydraulic fluid such as oily (not shown) reach the degree of depth that only is higher than piston ring 23.Because other aperture 28 permission storage tanks are communicated with the fluid between the container, so the level of the oil in these two chambers becomes equal with oily fill buffer the time.

After by this measure filling containers and storage tank, for example, can seal filling opening by the mode of screw thread plastic plug, if desired, the screw thread plastic plug can comprise being used for checking that the fill level of energy disperser is as the sounding rod that suspends 36 of purpose downwards.In this regard, importantly guarantee energy disperser is filled to correct level.If the hydraulic oil that adds is not enough, so that the level of oil is lower than an aperture in groups the other aperture 28, then this type of aperture will can not provide any pooling feature in the operating period of device, until piston ring 23 descends and reaches pasta.

On the other hand, required is to guarantee in the container that limits by housing 11, a certain amount of gas (namely, air) is present in above the level of hydraulic fluid, because in the operating period of energy disperser, this type of fluid is transferred to the container that limits by housing 11 from the storage tank that limits by gauge line 17.If container all is filled with (incompressible) hydraulic fluid, during operation, energy disperser will lock immediately and not allow further piston stroke.This type of event can cause housing 11 excessively to pressurize, and runs into the stress that surpasses for the stress of its design.

In case the filling activity is finished, then energy disperser is ready to use basically.After this, for example usually the mode by double-screw bolt is screwed onto appropriate location in the elevator with it, and double-screw bolt is cast in (normally) concrete material of bottom, in order to protrude upward.Being formed on aperture in the base plate 13 with the pattern that overlaps with the pattern of post allows combination with nuts and washers to come with the directed fixed bumper 10 shown in scheming.

Descend in well in the situation that is enough to make its lower side contacts top board 26 at the lifting car, this impels compression buffer 10, so that piston-retraction is to the storage tank that limits by gauge line 17.

During this action, this type of is retracted and will only occur in the situation of the power that gives by the lifting car above the power of spring 16 certainly.Yet the power of spring has relatively low value, because as hereinafter setting forth, the main purpose of spring 16 is to make piston 18 to return to appreciiable extended position among Fig. 1 after the lifting car is removed from its upper end.

As set forth, suppose that the power that gives by the lifting car is enough to impel compression buffer, then piston head 22 moves down in the storage tank inboard.

Because piston ring 23a, the reason of the effect in 23b He Huan district 42, this impels piston head 22 to force oil in the storage tank via aperture 28a, 28b, 28c, 28d outwards enters the container from storage tank.

As regulation, the design in each aperture 28 is so that provide the throttling of hydraulic fluid during this process.Therefore, with the crash energy of original known mode by transformation of energy dissipation lifting car.

As from Fig. 1 very clearly, when being in its complete extension state, piston is at very short-range At The Height piece sealing reservoir above the 28a of aperture, the top only.The result, the piston 18 that the power that gives produces only very little movement in a downward direction impels seal ring 23 to pass the aperture 28a of the top, and with the sealing of hydraulic fluid in the storage tank, although so that after this piston 18 towards the bottom of energy disperser 10 further motion do not make the fluid throttling by those other apertures yet.

As a result, soon, reduced the number in other aperture 28 in groups, so that can be used for making the hydraulic fluid throttling less than peaked number after the movement of beginning piston 18.

This means then that at piston ring 23a 23b is passed down through after the other aperture 28a in groups of the top, and the resistance of the hydraulic fluid flows in the energy disperser little by little increases owing to the spiral pattern in other aperture 28.

Piston 18 is moved further in a downward direction to impel subsequently and covers similarly increasing other aperture 28, and wherein the result is that the resistance that flows further increases.Then, what people can see is, the additional of piston 18 moves down the further increase that impels in order resistance to flow, until piston head 22 finally forces hydraulic fluid only via the other aperture 28d of the below shown in the figure.

Because this arranges, the increase with amount of compression increases so energy disperser is to the resistance of the downward application force that applies.In other words, the buffering effect of energy disperser 10 increases automatically with the ground that is in proportion of the power that applies.

When forcing hydraulic fluid to enter in the storage tank via aperture 28, the level of fluid wherein is elevated in the air volume mentioned above.Because air is compressible, so the air volume in the container can be allowed the increase of this amount of hydraulic fluid.

Clearly, be not that the institute that is applied on the top board 26 will all be enough to compression buffer effectively so that only the most other aperture group 28d of below finally operate.In the less situation of power, can piston head 22 cover and seal other aperture group 28c or even 28b (depending on the circumstances) reach before balance position.

After top board 26 is removed the lifting car, the power of spring 16 works and makes piston 18 turn back to as shown in fig. 1 its complete extended position.

During this process, some hydraulic fluids just might be via other aperture group 28d, 28c and 28b and enter in the storage tank again; But in view of the viscosity of typical hydraulic fluid, will only can realize that via these routes the part of storage tank recharges.

On the other hand, the mean diameter in each the other aperture among the group 28a of the top is greater than group 28b, the mean diameter in each the other aperture among 28c and the 28d.The result, when spring 16 makes piston 18 slippages, so that seal ring 23a, 23b passes through in the upward direction, when making hydraulic fluid in the container arrive the top of level of other aperture group 28a of the top, shifted the hydraulic fluid in the container by the compression stroke of energy disperser at this, hydraulic fluid can freely flow back in the storage tank under gravity, until the level in container and the storage tank equates again.

Be clear that very much owing to be restricted to the aperture of expansion, the other aperture group 28a of the top during downward (compression) stroke of piston 18 to the mobile resistance that less is provided of hydraulic fluid.Yet, this is less on the impact for the overall resistance of compressing that provides by energy disperser, because as prescribed, along only very after the short travel of the downward direction of piston 18, the other aperture group 28a of the top becomes by seal ring 23a, 23b covers, so that further do not force hydraulic fluid to pass through them during the remainder of downward piston movement.

An optional improvement project of the present invention is in conjunction with discharge orifice 33, and discharge orifice 33 provides the upper end of storage tank to be communicated with gas between the container.The result, can be with any gas discharging in the upper end of container (because the shank 18a of piston 18 has the diameter less than the diameter of piston head 22, so this effect is possible) to the zone of the storage tank at piston head 22 rears that move forward downwards between the compression period of energy disperser.The result, the reason that has respectively the relatively large volume that the part by the part of container and storage tank consists of owing to the there, so exist the requirement that reduces to allow gas compression power for energy disperser 10, when the level of hydraulic fluid rose in container, gas can be transferred to respectively in the part of the part of container and storage tank.

Fig. 2 shows the energy disperser that is similar to very much the embodiment among Fig. 1, but has omitted discharge orifice 33.On the other hand, the layout of Fig. 2 comprises other optional features more of the present invention.

Fig. 2 shows plastics filler plug 34 mentioned above, and filler plug 34 is accommodated in the opening in the end cap 14 threadably.The horizontal sounding rod 36 of hydraulic fluid is from the inside of the container that suspends downwards bottom of filler plug 34, and as prescribed, sounding rod 36 can be used for checking with the purpose of hydraulic fluid fill buffer to correct depth.As from Fig. 2 very clearly, the free end of below of sounding rod comprises indicant part 36a, when in its aperture that filler plug 34 is screwed in the end cap 14, indicant part 36a in use terminates at best hydraulic fluid level place as indicated above.

But another is chosen as the form of angle staple 37, angle staple 37 near the 14a of skirt section around end cap 14, in order to be resisted against on flange 14b top.

When assembling energy disperser 10, spring 16 advances angle staple 37 firmly to contact with flange 14b.

Angle staple 37 comprises the switch enclosure 38 of electric mechanical switch at a side upper support of energy disperser 10 in the mode of cantilever.

Switch actuation rod 39 is outstanding downwards from the skirt section 27 of top board 26, in order to enter in the switch enclosure 38 from the top via the aperture that is formed on its uppermost surface.

Switch actuation rod 39 is included in its switch activation parts 41 of locating bottom, when beginning the moving to lower compression of piston 18, switch activation parts 41 be positioned in order to engage and operating switch box 38 in switch.

This generic operation of switch can make the relay tripping operation, and relay cuts off immediately the energy supply of lift motor and/or touches the lifting drg.As a result, energy disperser 10 of the present invention can easily comprise the feature of tightening security property, and this feature almost becomes immediately after the compression of energy disperser 10 begins and can operate.

As being clear that very much from Fig. 2, the length of switch actuation rod 29 is substantially equal to the length of piston 18.As a result, flange plate 37 comprises the aperture, can guarantee the shake-up of switch via aperture guide switch actuator 39, thereby and allows further move down piston 18 after touch switch.

Referring now to Fig. 3 to Fig. 5,, show a kind of layout, by this layout, can realize according to the present invention overcoming that N/R shifted laterally or other are non-vertically moves stable plunger bar 18.

Energy disperser 10 among Fig. 3 to Fig. 5 is similar to energy disperser 10 among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 in its general layout and function aspects.Yet, in use, topmost locate at it, will change energy disperser 10 to comprise stabiliser 43.

When the second place mobile piston bar 18 that limits towards this paper, stabiliser 43 operations.

Stabiliser 43 is made of circumferential collar 44, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, by light metal be processed into (as, " Delrin ", " Kemetal " or have the aluminum alloy ") circumferential collar 44 of relatively high modulus of elasticity.Yet, when the structure collar 44, comprise that nonmetallic other material also is possible.

As be that in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the collar is by two semi-circular sections 44a as shown in Fig. 5 of plan view of the collar 44,44b forms, and with sections 44a, in the time of near 44b places each other, sections 44a, 44b limit whole circle 44 when as shown.

As preferably, process ring-type sections 44a by solid circle, 44b, but other method of formation circle 44 also is possible.In addition, might by greater than shown in two sections 44a, the number of 44b forms circle 44.

With the accurate design of the collar 44 irrelevant be, sections 44a, 44b limit that the marginal fact means can be by making sections 44a, 44b stretches the diameter that increases the collar 44 with being spaced apart from each other.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, actuate surface 46 by first and realize this type of stretching, extension with (optionally) other surface 47 of actuating.

Actuate surface 46,47 and form corresponding annular voussoir, as shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, each voussoir is around piston rod 18.

More specifically, actuate surface 46 with first and be defined as inclined-plane 48, in the appreciiable view, bevel direction is downward-sloping in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, limit the circle 46a of wedge-shaped surface 46,47,47a is segmentation also, for example, is formed by two semi-circular half parts of separating; Or may be formed by the part annular segment of more number more.This means these circles 46a, the internal diameter of 47a is collapsible in the operating period of energy disperser, in order to occupy the inside face that will be present in other cases circle and any gap between the bar 18.This layout helps to improve the lateral stability of energy disperser 10.

Yet, having fixed diameter and be entirely rigidity even limit the circle actuate surface 46,47, energy disperser 10 also will be enjoyed the stability of improvement.Wherein each circle forms one object or is assembled into one this type of of object and arranges within the scope of the invention.

Another modification within the scope of the invention also relates to actuates surface 46 with restriction, 47 circle forms one object, each this object comprises and passes corresponding circle 46a, the material of 47a run through the notch otch, to allow circle 46a, the internal diameter of 47a and the changeability of external diameter, having avoided simultaneously must be by independent part annular segment assembling circle 46a, the potential assembling inconvenience of 47a.

In this type of embodiment, circle 46a, but the material of 46a will at least rebound resilience be deformed into limit degree.In this type of embodiment, circle or in them at least one can be made by plastic material (but metal also is possible).

In one and same energy disperser 10, dissimilar combinations is possible at least in theory.

The first actuator 46 is located around bar 18 in the place that the corresponding inclined-plane facing up 49 that allows inclined-plane 48 and the upper end that is limited to the collar 44 engages.

As from Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 very clearly, the bar 18 that power is passed to the first actuator 46 orders about aforementioned inclined-plane 48,49 towards the movement of its second (retraction) position and enters with each other binding and engage.

This impels the appearance of wedging effect, and this is then again by collar sections 44a, and the separation of 44b makes the collar 44 expansions.

Therefore, collar sections 44a, 44b is coupling spool 51 on its radially-outer surface, and sleeve 51 is fixed in the open upper end of container 12.Wedging action between bar 18, the first actuator 46, the collar 44 and the sleeve 51 has been fixed holding of bar 18 along non-longitudinal direction, thereby makes it stable in the actv. mode, and this mode only occupies length relatively short in the energy disperser 10.

Its bottom (as shown) locate, sleeve 51 comprises the inside shoulder of direction 52.The lower end abutment shoulder 52 of the collar 44, thus shoulder stops the collar 44 to move down under the impact of downward application force, and this downward application force transmits via the first actuator 46 from moving down bar 18.

Owing to be threadedly engaged with the top board 61 of energy disperser 10, prevent that sleeve 51 from self moving down.Outward flange 53 with catch hold lip ring 62 mode against top board 61, lip ring 62 helps to make the device leakproof.Yet other sealing arrangement may be within the scope of the invention.

Fig. 3 and energy disperser 10 shown in Figure 4 are included as the other actuator 47 of optional feature.

Other actuator 47 is substantially the same with the design of the first actuator 46, and just it is installed along opposite orientation, in order to the direction of its inclined ramp 54 is made progress.

In illustrated embodiment of the present invention, formed the collar 44 of the present invention, the collar 44 comprises the inclined-plane 56 that faces down and at its lower end.

This layout is so that when moving down the collar 18, caused by the impact of the first actuator 46, orders about the binding that lower inclined plane 54,56 enters as shown and engages.

This action provides the expansionary force that acts on its lower end on the collar 44.Therefore, if having the other feature of actuating surface (inclined-plane 54) and inclined-plane 56, then can cause equably in the top the expansion of the collar 44 with lower end.Yet the use of two actuators 46,47 is not enforceable; And if desired, might only use the upper end that places sleeve 51, lower end or along the expansion of the incompatible realization collar of single docking at the part place of sleeve ramp.

Sleeve 51 is located in the top to be formed with and is comprised pretensioner, and pretensioner also is optional.

The flat head screw 58 of the lateral action in the other open upper end of the form of circle 57 in pretensioner adopts, interior circle 57 sleeve 51 by as shown is fixing.Interior circle gives the first actuator 46 with downward application force, thereby certain expansionary force is provided, and expansionary force acts on the collar 44, thereby appropriateness is firmly ordered about it and entered in the sleeve 51.Interior circle also prevents from dropping out for the described part of Fig. 3 to Fig. 5 the open upper end of energy disperser 10 simply.

Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B show at the stabiliser 43 of piston rod 18 during respectively in its primary importance (Fig. 4 A) and the second place (4B).

Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B also show another optional feature of the present invention with the form of middle springs flange 59.

A part of holding flange 59 along piston rod 18.As a result, might be in the situation of the spring 16 that must not installation length matches structure comprise the energy disperser 10 of process for long piston rod 18.As shown, intermediate flange 59 allows to use two spring 16a, 16b, and when piston rod 18 occupies its primary importance, each spring 16a, 16b extends in general half the length of piston rod 18.

As shown, spring 16a extends between the lid 14 of energy disperser 10 and intermediate flange 59; And spring 16b is 26 extensions from middle flange 59 to top board.The edge of flange edge, lid 14 and the edge of top board 26 are shaped to keep coil spring 16a, 16b.Flange and layout of spring provide stable layout cheaply.

Generally, energy disperser of the present invention has represented the marked improvement of the prior art of elevator cushion apparatus.Although this paper is described its use in conjunction with the lifting car that cable hangs, but will it is apparent that, this type of energy disperser can easily obtain using in the lifting car of other type, as but be not limited to, obtain in those on being bearing in hydraulic ram or other mechanism using.

In addition, can in the length of certain limit and diameter, make energy disperser, so that the accurate application in being fit to consider; And as this paper regulation, can consider that the material of certain limit comes for the manufacture of the member part.

The enumerating or discuss of the document of very clearly formerly announcing in this specification sheets should be regarded as the literature as the part of prior art or as the general knowledge of common practise.

Claims (24)

1. energy disperser comprises the housing of the hollow container that is defined for hydraulic fluid; The hollow hydraulic fluid reservoir of contiguous described container; The displacement component that extends via the first aperture in the described storage tank in the inside of the outside of described energy disperser and described storage tank; And act on spring between the remainder of described displacement component and described energy disperser, described displacement component can be in the inboard of described storage tank, described displacement component moves between the second place of the inboard that is retracted into described storage tank with wherein said displacement component with respect to the primary importance of the outside extension of described housing therein, described spring promotes described displacement component towards described primary importance, and described storage tank comprises one or more other apertures, when described displacement component moved to the described second place from described primary importance, hydraulic fluid flowed to described container from described storage tank via described other aperture in the mode of the movement that cushions described displacement component; Wherein said displacement component comprises the free end away from described storage tank; Wherein said spring is coil spring, and described action of the spring is at described free end and described housing or be connected between the element on the described housing; And the inside of wherein said energy disperser comprises stabiliser, and described stabiliser is to stop the non-of described displacement component to vertically move with described displacement component towards the mobile mode that increases of the described second place.

2. energy disperser according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described housing and described storage tank are respectively or comprise respectively hollow circuit cylinder, and the diameter of the inside of described housing surpasses the diameter of the outside of described storage tank, described storage tank is positioned at the inboard of described housing at least in part, so that described container is for holding the circle of described storage tank in the length of its at least a portion.

3. energy disperser according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described housing and described storage tank with concentrically with respect to one another and be parallel to each other and extend, and wherein said storage tank roughly fully is positioned at the inboard of described housing.

4. according to claim 2 or energy disperser claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described displacement component is bar or cylindrical piston, the part of described bar or piston is accommodated in the inboard of described storage tank slidably, in order to become fluid to be communicated with the inwall of storage tank, so that impelling towards the movement of the described second place, described displacement component just shifts described fluid via described one or more other apertures.

5. energy disperser according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described piston comprises one or more piston rings of described storage tank inboard, and described piston ring becomes slidably fluid transfer to contact with the described inwall of described storage tank.

6. according to claim 4 or energy disperser claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that described stabiliser comprises the circumferential collar around described bar or described piston, the diameter of the described collar is variable; And described bar or described piston comprise be connected thereto one or more first actuate the surface, when described bar or described piston move towards the described second place, described first actuate the surface can with described cover engagement of loops to actuate described cover ring extension, this type of expansion is by the one or more other surface opposing of the outside that is positioned at the described collar, in order to stop the non-of described piston to vertically move.

7. energy disperser according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described circumferential collar is formed by two or more ring-type sections, and described ring-type sections is expanded when actuating face joint by described one or more first away from each other.

8. according to claim 6 or energy disperser claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that described first actuates surface or each first actuates the surface for one or more inclined-planes or comprise one or more inclined-planes.

9. each described energy disperser to the claim 8 according to claim 6 is characterized in that the described collar comprises one or more surfaces of taking in, described take in that the surface comprises can be by described inclined-plane of actuating face joint.

10. each described energy disperser to the claim 9 according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, by with actuate surface or each first by described first and actuate the surface and be applied to the relative one or more shoulders of the power of the described collar and overcome and vertically move the described collar of restriction.

11. each described energy disperser to the claim 10 according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the described collar comprises one or more reaction surface, described reaction surface can be by one or more other face joint of actuating, described one or more reaction surface impels the described collar in the expansion of the three unities place with the described other place that engages between the surface of actuating, described place along described piston with actuate the surface or each place end wise of actuating face joint is spaced apart by described first.

12. each described energy disperser to the claim 9 according to claim 6, it is characterized in that described first actuates surface or each first actuates the surface and/or describedly other actuate the surface or each other surface of actuating forms around the surperficial circle of actuating of described bar or described piston.

13. energy disperser according to claim 12 is characterized in that, at least one described diameter of actuating surperficial circle is variable.

14. energy disperser according to claim 13 is characterized in that, comprises one or more discontinuities in the surperficial circle described the actuating that allows its vary in diameter.

15. according to the described energy disperser of arbitrary aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, the inside of described storage tank is microscler, and comprise a plurality of described other apertures, described aperture is defined as the isolated in groups aperture of extending along described storage tank, described displacement component is in the other aperture of covering in order described in groups aperture when the described second place moves, so that the buffering of the movement of described displacement component moves and increases towards the described second place with described displacement component.

16., it is characterized in that described other aperture restriction is arranged to around the spiral pattern in the described other aperture of the periphery of described storage tank according to the described energy disperser of the claim 15 when being subordinated to claim 2.

17. according to claim 15 or the described energy disperser of claim 16, it is characterized in that described other aperture and each other the described spacing length variations along described storage tank.

18. each described energy disperser to the claim 17 according to claim 15, it is characterized in that, described a plurality of other apertures in the use of described energy disperser described below other aperture and the other aperture of at least one the top between vertically extend; And wherein when described displacement component occupied its first extended position, described container held hydraulic fluid to the level in the other aperture of the other aperture that is higher than described the top or each the top.

19. each described energy disperser to the claim 18 is characterized in that the other aperture of the described the top in the described aperture in groups or the other aperture of each the top are greater than described remaining aperture according to claim 15.

20. according to claim 2 or be subordinated to its described energy disperser of arbitrary aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, described storage tank and described housing at least one end place be adjacent to each other, described piston directly extend out to the outside of described housing via described the first aperture from described storage tank thus.

21. according to the described energy disperser of arbitrary aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that described free end comprises the flange that is fixed thereon, and wherein said action of the spring is between described flange and described housing.

22. energy disperser according to claim 21, it is characterized in that, described flange is included in the first end place around the skirt section of described spring, and described housing comprises the part that diameter reduces, the part that the second end ring of the described spring relative with described first end reduces around described diameter, described layout so that keep-spring with respect to described energy disperser fixing.

23. according to the described energy disperser of arbitrary aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, described energy disperser comprises the switch that is fixed on the described housing and the switch actuator that is fixed on the described displacement component, so that when described displacement component moved from described primary importance towards the described second place, described switch actuator operated described switch.

24. energy disperser according to claim 23, it is characterized in that, described switch actuator is elongate bars or comprises elongate bars, described elongate bars is extended towards described switch from described displacement component, to impel the mode of its operation to engage described switch when the described second place moves at described displacement component.

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