CN102983563B - Coordination control method for common direct current bus mixing energy storage systems - Google Patents
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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Abstract
The invention provides a coordination control method for common direct current bus mixing energy storage systems. The method includes the steps of building topological structures of the mixing energy storage systems, coordinately controlling different types of the energy storage systems by means of a direct current (DC) / DC converter control mode normalization model, and coordinately controlling the energy storage systems in the same type and with different capacity. According to the coordination control method for the common direct current bus mixing energy storage systems, by means of coordinate control for a lithium battery energy storage system and a super capacitor energy storage system, reasonable utilization of the different types of energy storage systems is realized, and therefore, the response speed of the systems is improved, service life of the energy-type energy storage systems is prolonged, and technical performance and economical performance of the whole system are improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to operation and the control technology field of micro-electrical network, be specifically related to a kind of control method for coordinating of common DC bus mixed energy storage system.
Background technology
In the Distributed Renewable Energy Power System with energy-storage system, conventionally select storage battery as energy-storage travelling wave tube, but storage battery as the energy-storage travelling wave tube of energy type, have that power density is low, charge and discharge cycles times influence its useful life etc. shortcoming.Super capacitor is as power-type energy-storage travelling wave tube, because its power density is high, have extended cycle life, the advantage such as efficiency for charge-discharge is high, Maintenance free, just receive increasing concern, but because its energy density is lower, be also difficult at present realize jumbo electric power energy storage.Storage battery and ultracapacitor are mixed and are used, be applied to renewable energy system, make the large and super capacitor power density of storage battery energy density greatly, the feature that has extended cycle life combines, and can greatly promote technical performance and the economic performance of whole system.
At present, existing researcher is applied to electric automobile, compact power and renewable energy source domain for hybrid energy-storing and did some researchs, has mainly proposed the structure of following several common DC bus hybrid energy-storings:
(1) storage battery and ultracapacitor are directly in parallel.Storage battery, the direct parallel connection of ultracapacitor is the simplest a kind of hybrid energy-storing structure, adopt this structure, can be when there is fluctuation in load, significantly reduce the maximum output current of storage battery during the fluctuation of load, improve the maximum power output ability of mixed energy storage system, but in this structure, because the terminal voltage of batteries and the terminal voltage of bank of super capacitors are forced to equate, cause capacity of super capacitor utilance low, in design, to the connection in series-parallel compound mode of bank of super capacitors, require also comparatively strict, and the course of work of storage battery can not be set flexibly, can not realize the efficient utilization of dissimilar energy storage device.
(2) storage battery is in parallel with super capacitor by DC/DC power inverter.Storage battery is in parallel with super capacitor by DC/C converter, by the appropriate design to power inverter control strategy, can realize the charge and discharge process of batteries is carried out to flexible management, the advantage of better performance ultracapacitor, improve the performance of hybrid accumulator, extend the useful life of storage battery.But, super capacitor is directly hung on DC bus, ultracapacitor is in charge and discharge process, and terminal voltage can change along with the variation of energy storage capacity, and change in voltage amplitude is larger, and DC bus-bar voltage is unstable.
(3) ultracapacitor is in parallel with storage battery by DC/C converter.In order to obtain stable DC bus-bar voltage, there is document to propose ultracapacitor by the DC/DC converter hybrid energy-storing structure in parallel with batteries, although during power fluctuation, DC bus-bar voltage is comparatively stable, but adopt this structure, the flexible management of batteries input and output energy can not be realized equally, the effect of all kinds energy storage device can not be given full play to.
For the coordination between same type, different capabilities energy storage device, control, mainly utilize at present communication system between each energy-storage module, to carry out sharing control, but adopt communication to carry out sharing control between the voltage-controlled a plurality of DC/DC control modules of employing, exist communication context to be subject to the restriction in geographical position, and the reliability of system and the lower shortcoming of redundancy; At present, the coordination between the DC/DC converter of the multivoltage control model without order wire is controlled to research less.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of control method for coordinating of common DC bus mixed energy storage system, by lithium battery energy storage battery system and super capacitor energy-storage system coordination are controlled, realize the reasonable utilization of dissimilar energy-storage system, thereby improve the response speed of system, extend the useful life of energy type energy storage, improve technology and the economic performance of whole system.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
The control method for coordinating that a kind of common DC bus mixed energy storage system is provided, said method comprising the steps of:
Step 1: the topological structure of setting up described mixed energy storage system;
Step 2: coordinate to control dissimilar energy-storage system by DC/DC convertor controls pattern normalization model;
Step 3: the coordination of same kind, different capabilities energy-storage system is controlled.
In described step 1, lithium battery energy storage battery system and super capacitor energy-storage system are in parallel with DC bus by DC/C converter A and DC/DC converter B respectively, form the topological structure of mixed energy storage system.
In described step 2, DC/DC converter comprises DC/DC converter A and DC/DC converter B, the control model of DC/DC converter comprises voltage mode control, constant current control model and permanent power control mode, by outer Voltage loop control, the control of intermediate current ring and internal layer power ring, controlled and determined above-mentioned control model respectively, constant current control model comprises constant current charge control model and constant current discharge control model.
In described voltage mode control, busbar voltage reference value is got V
dCN, have
ΔV
DC＝V
DCN-V
DC （1）
I′
ref＝k·ΔV
DC （3）
In formula: V
dCNthe rated voltage runtime value of DC bus in-voltage mode control;
Δ V
dC_maxthe maximum deflection difference value that DC bus-bar voltage allows;
I
dcNthe current rating of-energy-storage system;
I '
refthe reference value of-energy-storage system the output current that obtains through overvoltage droop control;
The limits value of current limit link and power limiting link is all determined according to the ruuning situation of DC/DC converter.
In described constant current control model, busbar voltage reference value is got U
ref_ab, current limit link current limit is got the charging and discharging currents value of predefined super capacitor; Power limiting link power limit is determined according to the ruuning situation of DC/DC converter.
In described permanent power control mode, busbar voltage reference value is got U
ref_ab, current limit link current limit is determined according to the ruuning situation of DC/DC converter; Power limiting link power limit is got the reference power value of the lithium battery energy storage battery system of tuning controller calculating.
In described DC/DC convertor controls pattern normalization model, the difference of the reference value of busbar voltage and its measured value is through droop control, pass through again current limit link, obtain the reference value of energy-storage system output current, the difference of energy-storage system output current reference value and its output current measured value regulates through PI, and then by power limiting link, obtain the reference value of energy-storage system power output, as the switch triggering signal of DC/DC converter; Described energy-storage system comprises lithium battery energy storage battery system and super capacitor energy-storage system.
Described step 2 comprises the following steps:
Step 2-1: tuning controller Real-Time Monitoring DC bus-bar voltage, the terminal voltage of super capacitor, determines the control model of DC/DC converter A and DC/DC converter B according to surveyed data;
Step 2-2: the power shortage P that calculates described energy-storage system
s, P
s=P
l-P
r, and extract P
sin low frequency component P
b_ref, described P
b_reffor the value and power reference of permanent power control mode lithium battery energy storage battery system, P
lfor the load power of distributed power source, P
rpower output for intermittent renewable energy system;
Step 2-3: the terminal voltage U of super capacitor energy-storage system
ucmeet U
min<U
uc<U
maxtime, DC/DC converter A works in permanent power control mode, and DC/C converter B works in voltage mode control;
Step 2-4: the terminal voltage U of super capacitor energy-storage system
ucmeet U
uc<U
mintime, DC/DC converter A works in voltage mode control, and DC/DC converter B works in constant current charge control model;
Step 2-5: the terminal voltage U of super capacitor energy-storage system
ucmeet U
uc>U
maxtime, the DC/DC converter A that controls lithium battery system works in voltage mode control, and DC/DC converter B works in constant current discharge control model;
Wherein, U
minand U
maxbe respectively the smallest end voltage of super capacitor permission and the maximum terminal voltage that super capacitor allows.
Described step 3 comprises the following steps:
Step 3-1: the coordination between the DC/DC converter of voltage mode control is controlled;
When DC/DC converter all works in voltage mode control, DC/DC converter all adopts voltage droop control mode, according to the fluctuation of DC bus power difference, automatically regulates and self discharges and recharges power, realizes DC bus-bar voltage stable operation;
Now the sagging coefficient of every DC/DC converter is determined according to himself capacity:
Due to
have
Wherein, k
nand k
mbe respectively the sagging coefficient of n platform and m platform DC/DC converter, S
mand S
nbe respectively the capacity of n and m energy-storage system;
Step 3-2: the coordination between the DC/DC converter of permanent power control mode is controlled;
When the DC/DC converter of a plurality of permanent power control modes moves simultaneously, the power instruction that tuning controller is assigned is P
b_ref/ N, thus the power-sharing of realizing between the DC/DC converter of a plurality of permanent power control modes control, wherein, N is the number of units that works in the DC/DC converter of permanent power control mode.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1. the present invention can be applicable to the operation control of mixed energy storage system, can optimum management lithium battery and the charge and discharge process of super capacitor, improve the course of work of lithium battery, reduce its charge and discharge cycles number of times and maximum depth of discharge, extend the useful life of whole energy-storage system;
2. operation and the control of the DC power-supply system that can be applicable to comprise renewable energy power generation and energy-storage system, can stable DC busbar voltage, maintains the stable operation of system;
3. can be applicable to operation and the control of DC micro-electric net, realize different capabilities energy-storage system according to the load power of the equal subsystem of its capacity.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is common DC bus mixed energy storage system topology diagram;
Fig. 2 is DC/DC convertor controls pattern normalization model schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is three kinds of operational mode schematic diagrames of DC/DC converter;
Fig. 4 is DC/C converter voltage control principle drawing.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
The control method for coordinating that a kind of common DC bus mixed energy storage system is provided, said method comprising the steps of:
Step 1: the topological structure of setting up described mixed energy storage system;
Step 2: coordinate to control dissimilar energy-storage system by DC/DC convertor controls pattern normalization model;
Step 3: the coordination of same kind, different capabilities energy-storage system is controlled.
As Fig. 1, in described step 1, lithium battery energy storage battery system and super capacitor energy-storage system are in parallel with DC bus by DC/DC converter A and DC/DC converter B respectively, form the topological structure of mixed energy storage system.
As Fig. 2-Fig. 4, DC/DC converter comprises DC/DC converter A and DC/DC converter B, the control model of DC/DC converter comprises voltage mode control (CV pattern), constant current control model (CC pattern) and permanent power control mode (CP pattern), by outer Voltage loop control, the control of intermediate current ring and internal layer power ring, controlled and determined above-mentioned control model respectively, constant current control model comprises constant current charge control model and constant current discharge control model.
In described voltage mode control, busbar voltage reference value is got V
dCN, have
ΔV
DC＝V
DCN-V
DC （1）
I′
ref＝k·ΔV
DC （3）
In formula: V
dCNthe rated voltage runtime value of DC bus in-voltage mode control;
Δ V
dC_maxthe maximum deflection difference value that-DC bus-bar voltage allows;
I
dcNthe current rating of energy-storage system;
I '
refthe reference value of-energy-storage system the output current that obtains through overvoltage droop control;
The limits value of current limit link and power limiting link is all determined according to the ruuning situation of DC/DC converter.
In described constant current control model, busbar voltage reference value is got U
ref_ab, the specified runtime value that its choosing value should depart from DC bus is larger, in order to mask voltage control ring; Current limit link current limit is got the charging and discharging currents value of predefined super capacitor; Power limiting link power limit is determined according to the ruuning situation of DC/DC converter.
In described permanent power control mode, busbar voltage reference value is got U
ref_ab, the specified runtime value that its choosing value should depart from DC bus is larger, in order to mask voltage control ring; Current limit link current limit is determined according to the ruuning situation of DC/DC converter; Power limiting link power limit is got the reference power value of the lithium battery energy storage battery system of tuning controller calculating.
In described DC/DC convertor controls pattern normalization model, the reference value V of busbar voltage
dCNwith its measured value V
dCdifference Δ V
dCthrough droop control, obtain I '
ref, I '
refpass through again current limit link, obtain the reference value I of energy-storage system output current
ref, energy-storage system output current reference value I
refwith its output current measured value I
dcdifference through PI, regulate and to obtain P '
ref, P '
refby power limiting link, obtain the reference value P of energy-storage system power output
ref, as the switch triggering signal of DC/DC converter; Described energy-storage system comprises lithium battery energy storage battery system and super capacitor energy-storage system.
Described step 2 comprises the following steps:
Step 2-1: tuning controller Real-Time Monitoring DC bus-bar voltage, the terminal voltage of super capacitor, determines the control model of DC/DC converter A and DC/DC converter B according to surveyed data;
Step 2-2: the power shortage P that calculates described energy-storage system
s, P
s=P
l-P
r, and extract P
sin low frequency component P
b_ref, described P
b_reffor the value and power reference of permanent power control mode lithium battery energy storage battery system, P
lfor the load power of distributed power source, P
rpower output for intermittent renewable energy system;
Step 2-3: the terminal voltage U of super capacitor energy-storage system
ucmeet U
min<U
uc<U
maxtime, DC/DC converter A works in permanent power control mode, and DC/DC converter B works in voltage mode control;
Step 2-4: the terminal voltage U of super capacitor energy-storage system
ucmeet U
uc<U
mintime, DC/DC converter A works in voltage mode control, and DC/DC converter B works in constant current charge control model;
Step 2-5: the terminal voltage U of super capacitor energy-storage system
ucmeet U
uc>U
maxtime, the DC/DC converter A that controls lithium battery system works in voltage mode control, and DC/DC converter B works in constant current discharge control model;
Wherein, U
minand U
maxbe respectively the smallest end voltage of super capacitor permission and the maximum terminal voltage that super capacitor allows.
Described step 3 comprises the following steps:
Step 3-1: the coordination between the DC/C converter of voltage mode control is controlled;
When DC/DC converter all works in voltage mode control, DC/DC converter all adopts voltage droop control mode, according to the fluctuation of DC bus power difference, automatically regulates and self discharges and recharges power, realizes DC bus-bar voltage stable operation;
Now the sagging coefficient of every DC/DC converter is determined according to himself capacity:
Due to
Have
Wherein, k
nand k
mbe respectively the sagging coefficient of n platform and m platform DC/DC converter, S
mand S
nbe respectively the capacity of n and m energy-storage system;
Step 3-2: the coordination between the DC/DC converter of permanent power control mode is controlled;
When the DC/DC converter of a plurality of permanent power control modes moves simultaneously, the power instruction that tuning controller is assigned is P
b_ref/ N, thus the power-sharing of realizing between the DC/DC converter of a plurality of permanent power control modes control, wherein, N is the number of units that works in the DC/DC converter of permanent power control mode.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to above-described embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can modify or be equal to replacement the specific embodiment of the present invention, and do not depart from any modification of spirit and scope of the invention or be equal to replacement, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a control method for coordinating for common DC bus mixed energy storage system, is characterized in that: said method comprising the steps of:
Step 1: the topological structure of setting up described mixed energy storage system;
In described step 1, lithium battery energy storage battery system and super capacitor energy-storage system are in parallel with DC bus by DC/DC converter A and DC/DC converter B respectively, form the topological structure of mixed energy storage system;
Step 2: coordinate to control dissimilar energy-storage system by DC/DC convertor controls pattern normalization model;
In described DC/DC convertor controls pattern normalization model, the difference of the reference value of busbar voltage and its measured value is through droop control, pass through again current limit link, obtain the reference value of energy-storage system output current, the difference of energy-storage system output current reference value and its output current measured value regulates through PI, and then by power limiting link, obtain the reference value of energy-storage system power output, as the switch triggering signal of DC/DC converter; Described energy-storage system comprises lithium battery energy storage battery system and super capacitor energy-storage system;
Described step 2 comprises the following steps:
Step 2 1: tuning controller Real-Time Monitoring DC bus-bar voltage, the terminal voltage of super capacitor, determines the control model of DC/DC converter A and DC/DC converter B according to surveyed data;
Step 2 2: the power shortage P that calculates described energy-storage system
s, P
s=P
l-P
r, and extract P
sin low frequency component P
b_ref, described P
b_reffor the value and power reference of permanent power control mode lithium battery energy storage battery system, P
lfor the load power of distributed power source, P
rpower output for intermittent renewable energy system;
Step 2 3: the terminal voltage U of super capacitor energy-storage system
ucmeet U
min<U
uc<U
maxtime, DC/DC converter A works in permanent power control mode, and DC/DC converter B works in voltage mode control;
Step 2 4: the terminal voltage U of super capacitor energy-storage system
ucmeet U
uc<U
mintime, DC/DC converter A works in voltage mode control, and DC/DC converter B works in constant current charge control model;
Step 2 5: the terminal voltage U of super capacitor energy-storage system
ucmeet U
uc>U
maxtime, the DC/DC converter A that controls lithium battery system works in voltage mode control, and DC/DC converter B works in constant current discharge control model;
Wherein, U
minand U
maxbe respectively the smallest end voltage of super capacitor permission and the maximum terminal voltage that super capacitor allows;
Step 3: the coordination of same kind, different capabilities energy-storage system is controlled;
Described step 3 comprises the following steps:
Step 3 1: coordination between the DC/DC converter of voltage mode control is controlled;
When DC/DC converter all works in voltage mode control, DC/DC converter all adopts voltage droop control mode, according to the fluctuation of DC bus power difference, automatically regulates and self discharges and recharges power, realizes DC bus-bar voltage stable operation;
Now the sagging coefficient of every DC/DC converter is determined according to himself capacity:
Due to
Have
Wherein, k
nand k
mbe respectively the sagging coefficient of n platform and m platform DC/DC converter, S
mand S
nbe respectively the capacity of n and m energy-storage system; Δ V
dC_maxthe maximum deflection difference value that-DC bus-bar voltage allows; I
dcNthe current rating of-energy-storage system;
Step 3 2: coordination between the DC/DC converter of permanent power control mode is controlled;
When the DC/DC converter of a plurality of permanent power control modes moves simultaneously, the power instruction that tuning controller is assigned is P
b_ref/ N, thus the power-sharing of realizing between the DC/DC converter of a plurality of permanent power control modes control, wherein, N is the number of units that works in the DC/DC converter of permanent power control mode.
2. the control method for coordinating of common DC bus mixed energy storage system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 2, DC/DC converter comprises DC/DC converter A and DC/DC converter B, the control model of DC/DC converter comprises voltage mode control, constant current control model and permanent power control mode, by outer Voltage loop control, the control of intermediate current ring and internal layer power ring, controlled and determined control model respectively, constant current control model comprises constant current charge control model and constant current discharge control model.
3. the control method for coordinating of common DC bus mixed energy storage system according to claim 2, is characterized in that: in described voltage mode control, have
ΔV
DC＝V
DCN-V
DC (1)
I'
ref＝k·ΔV
DC (3)
In formula: V
dCNthe rated voltage runtime value of DC bus in-voltage mode control;
Δ V
dC_maxthe maximum deflection difference value that-DC bus-bar voltage allows;
Δ V
dCthe deviate that-DC bus-bar voltage allows;
V
dC-DC bus-bar voltage;
I
dcNthe current rating of-energy-storage system;
I'
refthe reference value of-energy-storage system the output current that obtains through overvoltage droop control;
The limits value of current limit link and power limiting link is all determined according to the ruuning situation of DC/DC converter.
4. the control method for coordinating of common DC bus mixed energy storage system according to claim 2, is characterized in that: in described constant current control model, busbar voltage reference value is got U
ref_ab, current limit link current limit is got the charging and discharging currents value of predefined super capacitor; Power limiting link power limit is determined according to the ruuning situation of DC/DC converter.
5. the control method for coordinating of common DC bus mixed energy storage system according to claim 2, is characterized in that: in described permanent power control mode, busbar voltage reference value is got U
ref_ab, current limit link current limit is determined according to the ruuning situation of DC/DC converter; Power limiting link power limit is got the reference power value of the lithium battery energy storage battery system of tuning controller calculating.
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