CN102983408B - Metamaterial and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Metamaterial and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102983408B CN102983408B CN201210475707.9A CN201210475707A CN102983408B CN 102983408 B CN102983408 B CN 102983408B CN 201210475707 A CN201210475707 A CN 201210475707A CN 102983408 B CN102983408 B CN 102983408B
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Abstract
The invention provides a metamaterial which comprises one or more metamaterial sheet layers. Each metamaterial sheet layer comprises a base board and a plurality of metal microstructues adhered onto the base board, wherein the base board is an organic base board without reinforcement materials. The invention further relates to a preparation method of the metamaterial. The metamaterial is prepared by adhering the metal microstructues onto the base boards, so that incident electromagnetic waves can be modulated in various aspects, such as converging the electromagnetic waves, absorbing the electromagnetic waves, modulating transparency, high dielectric constant, high permeability and negative permeability of the electromagnetic waves, and the like. Besides, due to the base boards are low-loss organic base boards without reinforcement materials, loss and dielectric constant of the metamaterial are reduced, and light application of the metamaterial is facilitated.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to super Material Field, relate in particular to a kind of super material based on without reinforcing material organic resin substrate and preparation method thereof.
[background technology]
Light, as electromagnetic a kind of, it is when passing glass, because the wavelength of light is much larger than the size of atom, therefore we can use the univers parameter of glass, and the details parameter of the atom of for example refractive index, rather than composition glass is described the response of glass to light.Accordingly, when research material is to other electromagnetic responses, in material, any yardstick also can be used the univers parameter of material much smaller than the structure of electromagnetic wavelength to electromagnetic response, and for example DIELECTRIC CONSTANT ε and magnetic permeability μ describe.Thereby the structure by every of designing material makes the dielectric constant of material each point and magnetic permeability, all identical the or different dielectric constant that makes material monolithic and magnetic permeability are certain rule and arrange, the magnetic permeability that rule is arranged and dielectric constant can make material have the response in macroscopic view to electromagnetic wave, such as converging electromagnetic wave, divergent electromagnetic ripple etc.Such have magnetic permeability that rule arranges and dielectric constant material we be referred to as super material.
As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is for forming the perspective view of the elementary cell of super material.The elementary cell of super material comprises the substrate 1 that artificial micro-structural 2 and this artificial micro-structural are adhered to.Artificial micro-structural is preferably metal micro structure, metal micro structure has and can produce plane or the three-dimensional topological structure of response to incident electromagnetic wave electric field and/or magnetic field, and the pattern and/or the size that change the metal micro structure in each super material elementary cell can change each super material elementary cell response to incident electromagnetic wave.Preferably, in artificial micro-structural 2, be also coated with cover layer 3, cover layer 3, artificial micro-structural 2 and substrate 1 form the elementary cell of super material.A plurality of super material elementary cells are arranged according to certain rules and can be made super material have macroscopical response to electromagnetic wave.Because super material monolithic need have macroscopical electromagnetic response so each super material elementary cell need form continuous response to the response of incident electromagnetic wave to incident electromagnetic wave, this requires the size of each super material elementary cell to be less than 1/5th of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength, is preferably 1/10th of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength.During this section is described, the material monolithic that will surpass that we are artificial is divided into a plurality of super material elementary cells, but should know that this kind of division methods only for convenience of description, should not regard super material as by a plurality of super material elementary cell splicings or assemble, in practical application, super material is that the metal micro structure cycle is arranged on substrate and can be formed, and technique is simple and with low cost.Cycle arranges and refers to that the metal micro structure in each super material elementary cell of above-mentioned artificial division can produce continuous electromagnetic response to incident electromagnetic wave.
The preparation method of existing super material consists of the metal micro structure of arranging on the substrate as material at plastics such as F4B, FR4.Plastics contain a large amount of fortifying fibres as the substrate of material, thereby cause the loss of substrate excessive, and the efficiency that senior general significantly reduces super material is crossed in substrate loss; And the substrate density ratio containing reinforcing material is larger, and prepared super material is also heavier, is unfavorable for the application of super material lightweight.
[summary of the invention]
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, overcome the existing large defect of the super material substrate loss of fortifying fibre that contains, provide a kind of based on low-loss super material and preparation method who does not contain the organic substrate of reinforcing material, reduce loss and the dielectric constant of super material.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical problem employing is, a kind of super material is provided, this super material comprises one or more super sheet of material, and described super sheet of material comprises substrate and be attached to a plurality of metal micro structures on substrate, and described substrate is the organic substrate without reinforcing material; Wherein, described metal micro structure comprises the first metal branch, and described the first metal is branched off into tool quadrangle shape jaggy on one side; One end is located on the quadrangle limit that described breach is relative and the second metal branch of extending and giving prominence to described breach to described breach; San metal branch perpendicular to the described second metal branch other end.
Further, the thickness of the described organic substrate without reinforcing material is 0.01～3.00 millimeter.
Further, the thickness of the described organic substrate without reinforcing material is 0.01-0.5 millimeter.
Further, the thickness of the described organic substrate without reinforcing material is 3.01-12 millimeter.
Further, the thickness of the described organic substrate without reinforcing material is 0.5-4 millimeter.
Further, the thickness of the described organic substrate without reinforcing material is 0.7-6.5 millimeter.
Further, the thickness of the described organic substrate without reinforcing material is 1-12 millimeter.
Further, the material of the described organic substrate without reinforcing material is thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin.
Further, described thermoplastic resin comprises polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polyester, PETG or Teflon.
Further, described thermosetting resin comprises epoxy resin, phenolic resins, polyurethane resin, organic siliconresin or polyimide resin.
Further, described super material internal refraction index profile is even, and described a plurality of metal micro structure topological structures are all identical with size.
Further, described metal micro structure branches into symmetry axis with described the second metal and becomes symmetrical structure.
Further, described super material internal refraction index profile is inhomogeneous, and described a plurality of metal micro structure topological structures and/or size are entirely not identical.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of super material of the present invention is: the present invention on substrate adhesion metal micro-structural to form super material, the various modulation functions of realization to incident electromagnetic wave, such as converging electromagnetic wave, electromagnetic wave absorption,, high-k transparent to electromagnetic wave, high magnetic permeability, negative magnetoconductivity etc.Meanwhile, what adopt due to substrate is the low-loss organic substrate without reinforcing material, has reduced loss and the dielectric constant of super material, is also conducive to the application of super material lightweight.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of super sheet of material, prepares above-mentioned super material, comprises the following steps:
Utilize hot pressing mode that metal forming is attached on the described organic substrate without reinforcing material, process metal micro structure and obtain super sheet of material.
Further, the material of the described organic substrate without reinforcing material is thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin.
Further, described thermoplastic resin comprises polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polyester, PETG or Teflon.
Further, described thermosetting resin comprises epoxy resin, phenolic resins, polyurethane resin, organic siliconresin or polyimide resin.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of super material, prepares above-mentioned super material, comprises the following steps:
Utilize hot pressing mode that metal forming is attached on the described organic substrate without reinforcing material, process metal micro structure and obtain super sheet of material;
Hot pressing after a plurality of super sheet of material laminations is obtained to super material.
Further, the material of the described organic substrate without reinforcing material is thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin.
Further, described thermoplastic resin comprises polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polyester, PETG or Teflon.
Further, described thermosetting resin comprises epoxy resin, phenolic resins, polyurethane resin, organic siliconresin or polyimide resin.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the super material of being prepared by said method is: the present invention on substrate adhesion metal micro-structural to form super material, the various modulation functions of realization to incident electromagnetic wave, such as converging electromagnetic wave, electromagnetic wave absorption,, high-k transparent to electromagnetic wave, high magnetic permeability, negative magnetoconductivity etc.Meanwhile, what adopt due to substrate is the low-loss organic substrate without reinforcing material, has reduced loss and the dielectric constant of super material, is also conducive to the application of super material lightweight.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Fig. 1 is for forming the structural representation of the elementary cell of super material;
Fig. 2 is for forming the topological structure schematic diagram of artificial metal's micro-structural of adhering in the elementary cell of the super material of electromagnetic wave absorption;
Fig. 3 is the fractionation schematic diagram of the topological structure of artificial metal's micro-structural shown in Fig. 2;
The structural representation that Fig. 4 is super material antenna;
Fig. 5 is the basic topology pattern of artificial metal's micro-structural in super material antenna;
Fig. 6 is a kind of derived structure of topological pattern shown in Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is a kind of distressed structure of topological pattern shown in Fig. 5;
Fig. 8 is the first stage that the topology of the alabastrine metal micro structure of plane develops;
Fig. 9 is the second stage that the topology of the alabastrine metal micro structure of plane develops;
Figure 10 is the flow chart of super material preparation method one embodiment of the present invention.
[embodiment]
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
According to super material of the present invention, comprise one or more super sheet of material, described super sheet of material comprises substrate and be attached to a plurality of metal micro structures on substrate, described substrate is the organic substrate without reinforcing material.
Utilize the principle of super material energy modulated electromagnetic wave, can design various types of super materials.According to super material internal refraction index profile, whether evenly can be divided into the super material of function and the large class of super material antenna two by surpassing material.
The super material of function refers to that super material internal refraction index profile is even, and particularly, the topological pattern and the size that form metal micro structures all in the elementary cell of the super material of function are all identical.According to the difference of topological pattern and size, cause the super material of function to there is different functions., high-k super material transparent such as electromagnetic wave absorption, electromagnetic wave, the super material of high magnetic permeability, negative-magnetic-permeability meta-material etc.With the super material of electromagnetic wave absorption, the super design of material principle of this type of function is described below, the super material of other functions can obtain by Computer simulation design according to this principle.
As shown in Figure 2, Fig. 2 is for forming the topological structure schematic diagram of the metal micro structure adhering in the elementary cell of the super material of electromagnetic wave absorption.This metal micro structure 30 comprises the first metal branch 301, Yi Bian 301 one-tenth quadrangle shapes with breach 3011 of this first metal branch; One end is located on the quadrangle limit that breach 3011 is relative and is extended and the second metal branch 302 of outstanding breach 3011 to breach 3011; San metal branch 303 perpendicular to second metal branch 302 other ends.Preferably, metal micro structure 30 be take the second metal branch 302 and is become symmetrical structure as symmetry axis.Its principle to incident electromagnetic wave response is: thus thereby relative metal branch is equivalent to the electric current of inducting in the relative dielectric constant ε， endless metal branch of the super material of capacity cell adjustment adjusts the relative permeability μ of super material according to right-hand screw rule Induced magnetic field.Specific to the present embodiment, can show as, as shown in Figure 3, metal micro structure 30 is split as and is the first 30 ' of " work " font and becomes on one side the second portion 30 ' of the quadrangle shape of breach '.Known according to formula ε=CS/4 π kd, wherein ε is that super material relative dielectric constant, S are that San metal branch 303 areas, d are that the second metal branch 302 length, k are that constant, C are equivalent electric capacity, and the relative dielectric constant ε of super material can adjust by adjusting the area S of San metal branch 303 and the gap length of the second metal branch 302; Become the second portion 30 ' of the quadrangle shape of one side breach ' the upper ring current that forms, according to right-hand screw rule, thereby ring current produces the relative permeability μ of the super material of magnetic field impact.Thereby the size that regulates respectively each metal branch of metal micro structure is adjustable metal micro structure regulates relative dielectric constant ε and the relative permeability μ of super material monolithic to the response in incident electric field and incident magnetic field, make super material reach the effect of electromagnetic wave absorption.
Super material antenna is mainly to utilize super material principle modulated electromagnetic wave, make super material can receive the small-signal of distant, and by this signal gathering in feed, or the electromagnetic wave of feed radiation mode with plane wave after the modulation of super material is radiate.According to electromagnetic wave principle, the refraction index profile of super material antenna inside is inevitable inhomogeneous, again because super material antenna is tabular, as shown in Figure 4, super material antenna 300 comprises substrate 3003, cycle is arranged in a plurality of topological structures and/or the incomplete identical a plurality of metal micro structures 3002 of size on substrate 3003, is covered in the cover layer 3001 on metal micro structure 3002.Super material antenna refractive index meets the certain rule n (x, y) that arranges.Xy plane refers to dull and stereotyped super material place plane.For obtaining the refractive index of the super material antenna n (x that arranges, y), can first determine the basic topology shape of a metal micro structure, then by this topology is scaled or amplify to obtain required refraction index profile, also can be by being developed gradually by a basic point to metal micro structure basic topology shape to obtain required refraction index profile.Introduce and developed gradually to metal micro structure basic topology shape to obtain the mode of required refraction index profile by basic point below.
As shown in Figure 5, it is the topological pattern of the micro-structural in one embodiment of the invention.This micro-structural topological structure is for being isotropic plane snowflake type.Isotropism refers to along micro-structural central point by micro-structural in micro-structural institute in the plane, by the new pattern obtaining after any direction half-twist, all overlaps with original pattern.Adopt isotropic micro-structural energy simplified design, its electromagnetic wave to all directions of vertical micro-structural place plane incident all has identical electromagnetic response, has good consistency.
The micro-structural of plane snowflake type has the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 mutually vertically dividing equally, described the first metal wire J1 is identical with the length of the second metal wire J2, described the first metal wire J1 two ends are connected with two the first F1 of metal branch of equal length, described the first metal wire J1 two ends are connected on the mid point of two the first F1 of metal branch, described the second metal wire J2 two ends are connected with two the second F2 of metal branch of equal length, described the second metal wire J2 two ends are connected on the mid point of two the second F2 of metal branch, described the first F1 of metal branch and the second F2's of metal branch is equal in length.
Fig. 6 is a kind of derived structure of the alabastrine metal micro structure of plane shown in Fig. 5.Its two ends at each first F1 of metal branch and each the second F2 of metal branch are all connected with the identical San metal F3 of branch, and the mid point of the corresponding San metal F3 of branch is connected with the end points of the first F1 of metal branch and the second F2 of metal branch respectively.The rest may be inferred, and the present invention can also derive the metal micro structure of other form.
Fig. 7 is a kind of distressed structure of the alabastrine metal micro structure of plane shown in Fig. 5, the metal micro structure of this kind of structure, the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 are not straight lines, but folding line, the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 are provided with two kink WZ, but the first metal wire J1 remains vertical with the second metal wire J2 to be divided equally, by arrange kink towards with the relative position of kink on the first metal wire and the second metal wire, the figure to any direction 90-degree rotation all overlaps with former figure around the axis perpendicular to the first metal wire and the second metal wire intersection point to make the metal micro structure shown in Fig. 7.In addition, can also have other distortion, for example, the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 all arrange a plurality of kink WZ.
Obtain after the concrete topological pattern of micro-structural, can obtain by the mode that micro-structural is proportionally dwindled, amplified the refraction index profile of whole super sheet of material, also can be fundamental figure by take a concrete micro structured pattern, to obtain the mode of fundamental figure by differentiation, obtain the refraction index profile of whole super sheet of material.Below in detail introduce and take plane snowflake type as fundamental figure, by differentiation mode, obtain the concrete steps of super sheet of material refraction index profile:
(1) determine the attaching substrates of micro-structural.
(2) determine the size of super material cell.The size of super material cell is obtained by the centre frequency of satellite, utilizes frequency to obtain its wavelength, then gets and be less than 1/5th a numerical value of wavelength as length and the width of super material cell.
(3) determine material and the topological structure of micro-structural.In the present embodiment, the material of micro-structural is copper, and the topological structure of micro-structural is the alabastrine metal micro structure of the plane shown in Fig. 5, and its live width W is consistent everywhere; Topological structure herein, refers to the fundamental figure that topology develops.
(4) determine the topology parameter of metal micro structure.As shown in Figure 5, in the present invention, the topology parameter of the alabastrine metal micro structure of plane comprises the live width W of metal micro structure, the length a of the first metal wire J1, the length b of the first F1 of metal branch.
(5) determine the differentiation restrictive condition of the topology of metal micro structure.In the present invention, the differentiation restrictive condition of the topology of metal micro structure has, and as shown in Figure 5, the long limit of metal micro structure and super material cell or the distance of broadside are WL/2 to the minimum spacing WL(between metal micro structure), the live width W of metal micro structure, the size of super material cell;
The differentiation mode as shown in Fig. 8 to Fig. 9 of passing through of the topology of metal micro structure, for example, corresponding to a certain characteristic frequency (11.95GHZ), can obtain a continuous variations in refractive index scope.
Particularly, the differentiation of the topology of described metal micro structure comprises two stages (fundamental figure that topology develops is the metal micro structure shown in Fig. 5):
First stage: according to developing restrictive condition, in the situation that b value remains unchanged, a value is changed to maximum from minimum value, the metal micro structure in this evolution process is " ten " font (except when a gets minimum value).
Second stage: according to developing restrictive condition, when a is increased to maximum, a remains unchanged; Now, b is increased continuously to maximum from minimum value, the metal micro structure in this evolution process is plane flakes.
In the evolution process of above-mentioned first stage and second stage, all need to guarantee that the topological pattern of the micro-structural in evolution process is isotropic topological pattern.
Discuss the method for designing of a kind of functional super material and a kind of super material antenna above, under the design principle of the super material of above-mentioned functions and super material antenna instructs, can obtain the super material of various difference in functionalitys.
Key point of the present invention is, what the substrate of super material adopted is the organic substrate without reinforcing material, its main material comprises thermoplastic resin and the modification kinds thereof such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polyester, PETG or Teflon, and the thermosetting resin such as epoxy resin, phenolic resins, polyurethane resin, organic siliconresin or polyimide resin, can also be polymeric liquid crystal copolymer.
While in one embodiment, preparing as shown in figure 10 those super materials, mainly comprise step:
S1: utilize hot pressing mode that metal forming is attached at without on reinforcing material organic substrate, and by etching, bore to carve, electronics is carved, ion quarter etc. mode remove unwanted metal part, obtain the metal micro structure needing, be prepared into required super sheet of material; Wherein the thickness without reinforcing material organic substrate is 0.01-3.00 millimeter, is preferably 0.01-0.5 millimeter;
Hot pressing mode refers to metal forming and the mode by binding agent is bonded together without reinforcing material organic substrate, for different binding agents, adopts different hot compression parameterses.For example, when adopting PUR as binding agent, the parameter adopting during hot pressing is: hot pressing temperature: 60 to 120 ℃, and pressure: 5-35kg/cm
2, hot pressing time is 15-80 minute; When adopting epoxy glue or acrylate glue, the parameter adopting during hot pressing is: hot pressing temperature: 100 to 280 ℃, and pressure: 30-55kg/cm
2, hot pressing time is 60-120 minute.
In the present embodiment, preferably adopt etching mode to remove unwanted metal part, etching preferably adopts the mode of chemical etching.Etching solution can be chosen acidic copper chloride solution or alkaline copper chloride solution.Wherein, acid chlorization copper solution refers to the solution of copper chloride and hydrogen chloride, and alkaline copper chloride solution refers to the solution of helium water and copper chloride.
S2: a plurality of super sheet of material are obtained to super material by hot pressing after binding agent lamination.
Adhesion metal micro-structural, to form super material, realizes the various modulation functions to incident electromagnetic wave on without reinforcing material organic substrate, such as converging electromagnetic wave, electromagnetic wave absorption,, high-k transparent to electromagnetic wave, high magnetic permeability, negative magnetoconductivity etc.Meanwhile, what substrate adopted is the low-loss organic substrate without reinforcing material, has reduced loss and the dielectric constant of super material, is also conducive to the application of super material lightweight.
In other embodiments of the invention, the thickness of the described organic substrate without reinforcing material can be 3.01-12 millimeter.
According to the difference of the applied frequency range of super material, without the organic substrate of reinforcing material, can also there is other thickness.For example, under Ku wave band, the thickness of the described organic substrate without reinforcing material can be 0.5-4 millimeter; Under X-band, the thickness of the described organic substrate without reinforcing material can be 0.7-6.5 millimeter; Under C-band, the thickness of the described organic substrate without reinforcing material can be 1-12 millimeter.
By reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the invention are described above; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment is only schematic; rather than restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; not departing from the scope situation that aim of the present invention and claim protect, also can make a lot of forms, within these all belong to protection of the present invention.
Claims (21)
1. a super material, comprises one or more super sheet of material, it is characterized in that, described super sheet of material comprises substrate and be attached to a plurality of metal micro structures on substrate, and described substrate is the organic substrate without reinforcing material; Wherein, described metal micro structure comprises the first metal branch, and described the first metal is branched off into tool quadrangle shape jaggy on one side; One end is located on the quadrangle limit that described breach is relative and the second metal branch of extending and giving prominence to described breach to described breach; San metal branch perpendicular to the described second metal branch other end.
2. super material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of the described organic substrate without reinforcing material is 0.01-3.00 millimeter.
3. super material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of the described organic substrate without reinforcing material is 0.01-0.5 millimeter.
4. super material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of the described organic substrate without reinforcing material is 3.01-12 millimeter.
5. super material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of the described organic substrate without reinforcing material is 0.5-4 millimeter.
6. super material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of the described organic substrate without reinforcing material is 0.7-6.5 millimeter.
7. super material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of the described organic substrate without reinforcing material is 1-12 millimeter.
8. super material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the material of the described organic substrate without reinforcing material is thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin.
9. super material according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described thermoplastic resin comprises polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polyester, PETG or Teflon.
10. super material according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described thermosetting resin comprises epoxy resin, phenolic resins, polyurethane resin, organic siliconresin or polyimide resin.
11. super materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described super material internal refraction index profile is even, and described a plurality of metal micro structure topological structures are all identical with size.
12. super materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described metal micro structure branches into symmetry axis with described the second metal and becomes symmetrical structure.
13. super materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described super material internal refraction index profile is inhomogeneous, and described a plurality of metal micro structure topological structures and/or size are entirely not identical.
The preparation method of 14. 1 kinds of super sheet of material, the super sheet of material for the preparation of super material as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Utilize hot pressing mode that metal forming is attached on the described organic substrate without reinforcing material, process metal micro structure and obtain super sheet of material.
15. preparation methods according to claim 14, is characterized in that, the material of the described organic substrate without reinforcing material is thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin.
16. preparation methods according to claim 15, is characterized in that, described thermoplastic resin comprises polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polyester, PETG or Teflon.
17. preparation methods according to claim 15, is characterized in that, described thermosetting resin comprises epoxy resin, phenolic resins, polyurethane resin, organic siliconresin or polyimide resin.
The preparation method of 18. 1 kinds of super materials, for the preparation of super material as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Utilize hot pressing mode that metal forming is attached on the described organic substrate without reinforcing material, process metal micro structure and obtain super sheet of material;
Hot pressing after a plurality of super sheet of material laminations is obtained to super material.
19. preparation methods according to claim 18, is characterized in that, the material of the described organic substrate without reinforcing material is thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin.
20. preparation methods according to claim 19, is characterized in that, described thermoplastic resin comprises polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polyester, PETG or Teflon.
21. preparation methods according to claim 19, is characterized in that, described thermosetting resin comprises epoxy resin, phenolic resins, polyurethane resin, organic siliconresin or polyimide resin.
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| CN201515017U (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2010-06-23 | 东南大学 | lens antenna |
| CN102204008A (en) * | 2008-08-22 | 2011-09-28 | 杜克大学 | Metamaterials for surfaces and waveguides |
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| CN101540435A (en) * | 2008-03-17 | 2009-09-23 | 西北工业大学 | S waveband arborization left-handed material microstrip antenna |
| CN102204008A (en) * | 2008-08-22 | 2011-09-28 | 杜克大学 | Metamaterials for surfaces and waveguides |
| CN201515017U (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2010-06-23 | 东南大学 | lens antenna |
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