CN102981701A - Method for small watershed division by using Google Earth - Google Patents
Method for small watershed division by using Google Earth Download PDFInfo
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- CN102981701A CN102981701A CN2012104308506A CN201210430850A CN102981701A CN 102981701 A CN102981701 A CN 102981701A CN 2012104308506 A CN2012104308506 A CN 2012104308506A CN 201210430850 A CN201210430850 A CN 201210430850A CN 102981701 A CN102981701 A CN 102981701A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for small watershed division by using Google Earth and belongs to analysis classes of physical or geographical methods. According to the method for the small watershed division by using the Google Earth, Google Earth fictitious tellurion software is fully used, and a satellite photo, aerial photography and an earth three-dimensional model are combined together for the watershed division. The Google Earth is used for the watershed division, namely, the fact that the satellite photo in the Google Earth has a three-dimensional effect and direct plotting can be achieved is used, watersheds can be clearly and brightly divided, and accuracy of boundaries of the watersheds can be smoothly improved especially specific to an area covered by a high-resolution remote sensing image.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Google Earth that utilizes and carry out the method that small watershed is divided, belong to the analysis classes of physics or geographical method.
Background technology
The Southwestern China area, the mountain region is numerous, and gather in the network of waterways.Take Watershed Scale as the unit, more and more to the research of the association areas such as resource, environment, economy and mankind's activity in the zone.But the accurate division in basin often is subject to the restriction of many factors, and such as most mountain area, the degree of precision topographic map data does not cover fully; Be exactly the accurately graphic data of country's mapping, the general process of buying is also complicated, tends to delay the research work process because of procedural problem; Its three, affected by personnel's otherness and data precision, often cause same secondary topomap to divide same Basin Boundary and also have nothing in common with each other.Therefore, demand more new methods urgently and improve the degree of accuracy that the basin is divided.The purpose that the basin is divided is the whole basin of research is divided into many small watersheds, and there is the basin of oneself in every river, and a large watershed can be divided into several small watersheds according to Water system scale, and small watershed can be divided into less basin etc. again.In addition, also can intercept a section of river course, be divided into separately a basin.Fen Shui area between the basin is called the watershed divide, and the line of peak is watershed line on the watershed divide, i.e. the boundary line of gathering ground.Take small watershed as research unit, be more convenient for analyzing and estimating.
This method proposes to take full advantage of virtually globe software of Google Earth (Google Earth), can finely combine satellite photo, aerial photography and earth three-dimensional model to carry out the basin division.Utilize Google Earth divide the basin be exactly utilize Google Earth centre halfback star chart have 3D effect and can Direct graphic method, be convenient to mark off the basin cheer and brightly, especially for the zone that has high-resolution remote sensing image to cover, degree of accuracy that can more smooth raising Basin Boundary.
Summary of the invention
(1)A kind of Google Earth that utilizes carries out the method that small watershed is divided, and its technical scheme sequentially comprises the steps:
1, Google Earth is installed
The first step: the official website to Google Earth downloads and installs bag: http://earth.google.com/intl/zh-CN/download-earth.html
Second step: point is chosen the installation kit that just now downloaded to → ejections right-click menu → selections " attribute " → click " authority " label → choose " permission is with the program execute file " → click the Close button.
The 3rd step: click blank space → ejection right-click menu → selection " in terminal, to open " → input starts installation procedure: ./Google_Earth_CZXD.bin to order in terminal.
The 4th step: the configurations such as installation site " Begin Install " button that Uses Defaults → click.
The 5th step: click " withdrawing from " button after the installation.
The 6th step: click " application program " menu → selections " internet " → selections " Google Earth " → click " Tools " menu → selection " Options " → click " General " label → selection in " Language " drop-down list " Chinese (Fan Body) " → click " OK " button.
The 7th step: system can point out and need to restart the Google earth, clicks " OK " button.
The 8th step: restart the Google earth → clicks the Tools menu → selection " option " → click " 3D inspects " label → click " selection 3D font " button.
The 9th step: in " font ", select a font of liking → selection " 14 " in " size " → click " determining " button.
Final step: bring into use the Google earth.
2, utilize Google Earth to divide the basin concrete operations
The first step: the study area boundary graph layer that divide is stored as the KML form in ARCMAP, opens the Google earth, the boundary graph of study area KML form is added.Click file → file, choose the figure layer in dialog box, behind the interpolation figure layer, Google ground club navigates to figure layer region automatically.
Second step: when dividing the basin, make sure to keep in mind landform is selected (see figure 1), like this could better identification basin.The Google earth can use the toolbar (see figure 2) of self-built point, line, surface key element, divides the basin and clicks the polygonal instrument of interpolation, ejects the attribute (see figure 3) that dialog box arranges this face key element.
Occur making sure to keep in mind not close after the dialog box, then directly beginning on the basin to divide until after the zone that will draw finishes, click definite.
The 3rd step: on the landmark folder that needs are drawn, tap with right mouse button, in menu, select " Save As " then to input and drawn filename just, can derive at present two kinds of landmark forms of KMZ and KML.
Supplementary notes: KML is the file layout that original Keyhole client is read and write, it is a kind of XML descriptive language, and be text formatting, the file of this form has great benefit for the Google Earth program design, the programmer can read out by simple several line codes the internal information of landmark, and can automatically generate the KML file by program, therefore, the landmark of use KML form is beneficial to the exploitation of Google Earth application program very much.KMZ is the output file form of Google Earth acquiescence, it is a KML file of crossing through the ZIP format compression, when we download the KMZ file from the website, Windows can recognize into the ZIP file to the KMZ file, so file suffixes can be become .ZIP when depositing in addition, therefore need manually to make file suffixes into .KMZ.The KMZ file is opened with the ZIP tool software, and then decompressing to obtain original KML file.Certainly, the KMZ file also has the benefit of oneself, be exactly the KMZ file self can comprise picture, so just can not rely on the picture on the citation network.
3, the method for the data importing Arcgis in the Google Earth
Utilize the Data Interoperability Tools instrument of Arcgis to carry out Kml. to the conversion of shp. form.
The first step: open ArcMap, Tools-Extensions colludes Data Interoperability (if use Data Interoperability Tools tool bar for the first time, even expansion module is loaded onto, but arctoolbox can not show yet, can open by right click ArcToolbox and load the Toolbox dialog box this moment, the ArcToolBox under the arcgis installation directory under the Toolboxes catalogue)
Second step: in ArcMap, the Quick Import that clicks among the Data Interoperability Tools derives instrument, select Input Dataset-Foramt to select kml., in the data source position of selecting Dataset, select outgoing position: can only derive the Geodatabase data layout, be added to again this data, click right is selected the polygon diagram layer in the figure layer, Data → Export Data selects to derive the position, clicks and determines to export as shp. file data form.
Specify: this time after the operation, just can directly click plus sige graph key (see figure 6) if will in ArcMap, add the kml. data, many figure layers are arranged after only opening, and with you needed figure layer click right Data → Export Data, are exactly shp. after the derivation.
(2) embodiment
Take Pengzhou silver factory ditch as study area, concrete study area is positioned at Longmenshan town, Pengzhou City, Sichuan Province, small fish hole town is local, apart from about 20 km in center, Pengzhou City, apart from the about 20km in Wenchuan County.103 ° of 40'～104 ° 55'E of regional extent, 30 ° of 8'～31 ° 26'N, north and south is about 32 km, wide about 23 km of thing, about 450 km2 of area; The Jiang Shangyou that washes that belongs to a small bay in a river River Drainage, water system is flourishing.Wash the river and rise from the basin the North and flow to the southeast, afterwards along the river paddy to the south by west direction to center, gantry town and the plain boiled water river cross, southeastward turn to behind the small fish hole of flowing through, flow out survey region.Concrete steps are as follows:
The first step: open the Google earth, added in the border of silver-colored factory ditch survey region.Click file → file, choose the figure layer in dialog box, behind the interpolation figure layer, Google ground club navigates to figure layer region (see figure 1) automatically.
Second step: when dividing the basin, make sure to keep in mind landform is selected, like this could better identification basin.At first click interpolation → file, open the dialog box (see figure 4)
Called after silver factory ditch is clicked and is determined (all adding afterwards the figure layer under this file).The Google earth can use the toolbar (see figure 2) of self-built point, line, surface key element, divides the basin and clicks the polygonal instrument of interpolation, ejects the attribute (see figure 3) that dialog box arranges this face key element.
Occur making sure to keep in mind not close after the dialog box, then directly beginning on the basin to divide until after the zone that will draw finishes, click definite (see figure 5).
The 3rd step: on silver-colored factory by name ditch file, tap with right mouse button, select " Save As " then to input in menu and drawn filename just, the preservation form is kml..
The 4th step: open ArcMap, directly click and eject following picture frame (see figure 7) after the plus sige graph key (see figure 6),
Selecting the silver-colored ditch kml. of factory, click Placemark Polygon after adding and should scheme layer right button Data → Export Data, is exactly shp. after the derivation.
Specify: be added to newly-generated shp., click right → attribute can be seen Geographic Coordinate System:GCS_WGS_1984, and this is that all to adopt in the Google Earth is WGC-84.
(3) description of drawings
1. the dialogue block diagram is selected in Fig. 1 Google Earth 3D gound-mapping
2. the toolbar of the self-built point, line, surface key element of Fig. 2 Google Earth is talked with block diagram
3. Fig. 3 key element display properties arranges the dialogue block diagram
4. Fig. 4 study area adds boundary graph layer dialogue block diagram
5. Fig. 5 study area Basin Boundary achievement shows figure
6. Fig. 6 plus sige graph key
7. Fig. 7 result map format conversion is talked with block diagram
(4) beneficial effect
The present invention proposes to take full advantage of virtually globe software of Google Earth, can finely combine satellite photo, aerial photography and earth three-dimensional model to carry out the basin division.
The present invention utilize Google Earth divide the basin be exactly utilize Google Earth centre halfback star chart have 3D effect and can Direct graphic method, be convenient to mark off the basin cheer and brightly, especially for the zone that has high-resolution remote sensing image to cover, degree of accuracy that can more smooth raising Basin Boundary.
Simple and practical, amateur people also can skilled operation, and has greatly reduced workload, has improved degree of accuracy.
Claims (3)
1. one kind is utilized Google Earth to carry out the method that small watershed is divided, proposition takes full advantage of virtually globe software of Google Earth, satellite photo, aerial photography and earth three-dimensional model combined carry out the basin and divide, it is characterized in that described method sequentially comprises following concrete steps:
A., Google Earth is installed
The first step: the official website to the Google earth downloads and installs bag: http://earth.google.com/intl/zh-CN/download-earth.html
Second step: point is chosen the installation kit that just now downloaded to → ejections right-click menu → selections " attribute " → click " authority " label → choose " permission is with the program execute file " → click the Close button;
The 3rd step: click blank space → ejection right-click menu → selection " in terminal, to open " → input starts installation procedure: ./Google_Earth_CZXD.bin to order in terminal;
The 4th step: the configurations such as installation site " Begin Install " button that Uses Defaults → click;
The 5th step: click " withdrawing from " button after the installation;
The 6th step: click " application program " menu → selections " internet " → selections " Google Earth " → click " Tools " menu → selection " Options " → click " General " label → selection in " Language " drop-down list " Chinese (Fan Body) " → click " OK " button;
The 7th step: system can point out and need to restart the Google earth, clicks " OK " button;
The 8th step: restart the Google earth → clicks the Tools menu → selection " option " → click " 3D inspects " label → click " selection 3D font " button;
The 9th step: in " font ", select a font of liking → selection " 14 " in " size " → click " determining " button;
Final step: bring into use the Google earth;
B. utilize Google Earth to divide the basin concrete operations
The first step: open the Google earth, the Basin Boundary figure layer that divide is added
Click file → file, choose the figure layer in dialog box, behind the interpolation figure layer, Google ground club navigates to figure layer region automatically;
Second step: when dividing the basin, make sure to keep in mind landform is selected, could better identify the basin like this; The Google earth can use the toolbar of self-built point, line, surface key element, divides the basin and clicks the polygonal instrument of interpolation, ejects the attribute that dialog box arranges this face key element;
Occur making sure to keep in mind not close after the dialog box, then directly beginning on the basin to divide until after the zone that will draw finishes, click definite;
The 3rd step: on the landmark folder that needs are drawn, tap with right mouse button, in menu, select " Save As " then to input and drawn filename just, can derive at present two kinds of landmark forms of KMZ and KML;
C. the method for the data importing Arcgis in the Google Earth
Utilize the Data Interoperability Tools instrument of Arcgis to carry out Kml. to the conversion of shp. form;
The first step: open ArcMap, Tools-Extensions colludes Data Interoperability (if use Data Interoperability Tools tool bar for the first time, even expansion module is loaded onto, but arctoolbox can not show yet, can open by right click ArcToolbox and load the Toolbox dialog box this moment, the ArcToolBox under the arcgis installation directory under the Toolboxes catalogue)
Second step: the Quick Import that clicks among the Data Interoperability Tools derives instrument, select Input Dataset-Foramt to select kml., in the data source position of selecting Dataset, select outgoing position: can only derive the Geodatabase data layout, be added to these data, click right is selected the polygon diagram layer in the figure layer, Data → Export Data again, select to derive the position, click and determine to export as shp. file data form.
2. a kind of Google Earth that utilizes according to claim 1 carries out the method that small watershed is divided, it is characterized in that: described three step of B step the KML is the file layout that original Keyhole client is read and write, it is a kind of XML descriptive language, and be text formatting, the file of this form has great benefit for the Google Earth program design, the programmer can read out by simple several line codes the internal information of landmark, and can automatically generate the KML file by program, therefore, the landmark of use KML form is beneficial to the exploitation of Google Earth application program very much; KMZ is the output file form of Google Earth acquiescence, it is a KML file of crossing through the ZIP format compression, when we download the KMZ file from the website, Windows can recognize into the ZIP file to the KMZ file, so file suffixes can be become .ZIP when depositing in addition, therefore need manually to make file suffixes into .KMZ, the KMZ file is opened with the ZIP tool software, and then decompressing to obtain original KML file.
3. a kind of Google Earth that utilizes according to claim 1 carries out the method that small watershed is divided, it is characterized in that: after this time operation of described C step second step, just can directly click the plus sige graph key if add the kml. data, many figure layers are arranged after only opening, with you needed figure layer click right Data → Export Data, be exactly shp. after the derivation.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107247791A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-10-13 | 北京悦畅科技有限公司 | Parking space diagram data generation method, device and machinable medium |
| CN108763248A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-11-06 | 中国交通通信信息中心 | A kind of water space monitors fine division methods and system |
| CN110442659A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-11-12 | 北京云和时空科技有限公司 | A kind of region partitioning method and device |
| CN110609984A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-12-24 | 深圳市亿道数码技术有限公司 | Method and system for automatically splitting Google key in Windows system |
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2012
- 2012-11-01 CN CN2012104308506A patent/CN102981701A/en active Pending
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| 张敏等: "GoogleEarth和GIS在饮用水水源地保护区划分中的应用", 《中国农村水利水电》 * |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107247791A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-10-13 | 北京悦畅科技有限公司 | Parking space diagram data generation method, device and machinable medium |
| CN107247791B (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2020-05-22 | 北京悦畅科技有限公司 | Parking lot map data generation method and device and machine-readable storage medium |
| CN108763248A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-11-06 | 中国交通通信信息中心 | A kind of water space monitors fine division methods and system |
| CN108763248B (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2022-03-15 | 中国交通通信信息中心 | Water area space monitoring fine division method and system |
| CN110442659A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-11-12 | 北京云和时空科技有限公司 | A kind of region partitioning method and device |
| CN110609984A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-12-24 | 深圳市亿道数码技术有限公司 | Method and system for automatically splitting Google key in Windows system |
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Inventor after: Di Baofeng Inventor after: Yang Yunfen Inventor after: Hu Xiaoxi Inventor after: Zhang Mingyi Inventor before: Di Baofeng Inventor before: Huang Zhengwen Inventor before: Li Meimei |
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Application publication date: 20130320 |