CN102981262A - Large-diameter transmission-type telescope system - Google Patents
Large-diameter transmission-type telescope system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102981262A CN102981262A CN2012104719965A CN201210471996A CN102981262A CN 102981262 A CN102981262 A CN 102981262A CN 2012104719965 A CN2012104719965 A CN 2012104719965A CN 201210471996 A CN201210471996 A CN 201210471996A CN 102981262 A CN102981262 A CN 102981262A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a large-diameter transmission-type telescope system, which comprises a lens cone subsystem, a frame subsystem, an electric control subsystem and a main control subsystem, wherein the main control subsystem controls the running of the lens cone subsystem and the frame subsystem through the electric control subsystem. The lens cone subsystem comprises an optical subsystem, a detector subsystem, an image rotation subsystem, a light filter subsystem and a small system control subsystem. The electric control subsystem comprises a servo control subsystem and a timing subsystem. The electric control subsystem and the main control subsystem are communicated through a serial port. The main controls subsystem comprises an image acquisition subsystem, an image processing subsystem, an angle and light measuring subsystem and a management subsystem. The disadvantages in the prior art are avoided, and a bran-new telescope system disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of being large in field of view with double detectors, high in searching efficiency, high in detectivity and the like. The angle and light measurement of fragments in a dark space can be realized, and the telescope system disclosed by the invention is a very good observation system for space fragments.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of brand-new telescopic system, it have heavy caliber transmission-type optical texture, four-way optical filter, large visual field, high-quantum efficiency frame transfer CCD, search efficiency height and detectivity high etc. characteristics.Can realize that this telescopic system is a kind of extraordinary space junk recording geometry to angle measurement and the photometry of dark weak space junk.
Background technology
The optical texture of tradition astronomical telescope mainly contains three kinds of forms: reflective structure, refraction type structure and refraction-reflection type structure.Reflection configuration mainly contains prime focus system, newton system, Cassegrain system, R-C system, folding axle system etc.Reflection configuration has following characteristics: 1. do not have aberration fully; 2. the loss of black light and near infrared light is very little; 3. the bore of reflection configuration can be done very greatly; 4. reflection configuration can possess several different relative apertures and visual field; 5. the lens barrel of reflection configuration is generally than the much shorter of refracting telescope; Because reflection configuration has above characteristics, so aspect astrophysics research, often adopt this kind optical texture.Refraction structure has following characteristics: 1. working field of view is larger; 2. in the identical situation of machining precision, the star picture of refraction structure is better than the reflection configuration; 3. it is less that refraction structure is subjected to the impact of temperature variation and flexure of the tube, and the star image quality is more stable; 4. the scattered light of refraction structure is less than the reflecting telescope; Because refraction structure has above characteristics, so in uranometry and fixed star astronomy and visual observation, often adopt this kind structure.Being particularly suitable for space junk monitors.The catadioptric structure mainly contains Schmidt system and Maksutov system two large classes.The catadioptric structures such as Bake that system, Maksutov-Cassegrain system, super Schmidt system have been produced again on this basis.This structure has very large visual field and relative aperture.So tour the heavens in large tracts of land, the face celestial body is looked in observation and the rapid movement celestial body adopts this kind structure often.
Because the development of optical material and optical design technology, the relative aperture of telescopical optical system is increased to present part by original 1/tens, have in addition greater than 1, so the lens barrel of refraction type structure also can be accomplished to lack very much.
But the continuous increase along with various countries' emission artificial object quantity has produced a large amount of space junks.Because space junk belongs to very dark weak object of observation, adopt above traditional astronomical telescope to angle measurement and the photometry of dark weak space junk, effect is not ideal enough, in the urgent need to a kind of astronomical telescope system that is more suitable for the observation space fragment.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to remedy the deficiencies in the prior art, heavy caliber transmission-type telescopic system is provided, this is a kind of brand-new telescopic system, and it has heavy caliber transmission-type optical texture, three looks are considered mating plate, large visual field, double detector, search efficiency height and detectivity high.He can realize that this telescopic system is a kind of extraordinary space junk recording geometry to angle measurement and the photometry of dark weak space junk.
The technical scheme of finishing the foregoing invention task is: a kind of heavy caliber transmission-type telescopic system comprises following subsystem:
The lens barrel subsystem;
The frame subsystem;
Automatically controlled subsystem;
The master control subsystem;
Wherein, the master control subsystem is connected with lens barrel subsystem and frame subsystem respectively by automatically controlled subsystem, the operation of control lens barrel subsystem and frame subsystem.
Adopt above-mentioned four subsystems, close fit realizes high precision angle-measuring and photometry to dark weak space junk.Below more optimization and more specifically above each subsystem of description:
1, lens barrel subsystem:
The lens barrel subsystem comprises optical subsystem, detector subsystem, as copper plate system, optical filter subsystem, mini system control subsystem.Optical subsystem adopts the transmission-type optical texture of heavy caliber (800 millimeters of bores, relative aperture is greater than 1:1.3), realizes collecting the function of photon; Be provided with frame transfer CCD in the detector subsystem, and corresponding with described optical subsystem, realize the photon that optical subsystem is collected is converted to electronics, and then be converted into ccd image; As being provided with the image planes rotating mechanism in the copper plate system, realize the image planes rotation; The optical filter subsystem is provided with the four-way optical filter, and the switching mechanism of this four-way optical filter; The mini system control subsystem is connected with the switching mechanism of four-way optical filter, the control gear of Jing Gai and the control gear of focusing respectively, realizes the control to optical filter, Jing Gai and focusing.He has heavy caliber (800 millimeters of bores, relative aperture is greater than 1:1.3) transmission-type optical texture, four-way optical filter, mini system control subsystem (control optical filter, focusing, Jing Gai) and frame transfer CCD.
2, frame subsystem:
The frame subsystem adopts traditional altitude azimuth form frame and picture to revolve structure, and the altitude azimuth form frame has two mutually perpendicular axles, and one is Z-axis, and one is transverse axis.Can make the different azel of pointing of the telescope around Z-axis and horizontal rotational shaft.
3, automatically controlled subsystem:
Automatically controlled subsystem comprises servocontrol subsystem, timing subsystem.The servocontrol subsystem respectively with described master control subsystem, and the image planes rotating mechanism is connected the position that sends according to the master control subsystem and speed command control telescope running and as the running of revolving mechanism; Be provided with the gps signal receiver structure in the timing subsystem, and with the control gear of lens barrel subsystem, be connected with the control gear of frame subsystem; Receive in real time gps time signal, Real-time Collection pointing of the telescope data, exposure commencing signal and the end signal of Real-Time Monitoring CCD, latch CCD exposure beginning and the temporal information of the finish time, comprise year, month, day, hour, min, second, millisecond, be accurate to 0.1 millisecond, latch CCD exposure beginning and the directional information of the finish time, be accurate to 0.0001 degree, and send by serial ports.Adopt the mode of serial communication to connect between automatically controlled subsystem and the master control subsystem.
4, master control subsystem:
The master control subsystem comprises image acquisition subsystem, image processing subsystem, angle measurement and photometry subsystem, ADMINISTRATION SUBSYSTEM.Image acquisition subsystem, its workflow is that control frame shifts CCD, according to the given time shutter, according to the image read frequency of frame transfer CCD (such as: 5Hz) gather ccd image, and gather the time that the timing subsystem in the automatically controlled subsystem sends by serial port and point to data message, acquisition frame is shifted ccd image and time and sensing data information memory in the buffer zone of calculator memory appointment, offer image processing subsystem and use; The view data that image processing subsystem utilizes image acquisition subsystem to gather, positional information and the luminosity information of all astrology on the image (fixed star and space junk) offer angle measurement and photometry subsystem and use; Angle measurement and photometry subsystem provide angle measurement and the photometry result of calculation of fixed star or space junk according to the result of image processing subsystem, offer ADMINISTRATION SUBSYSTEM and use.ADMINISTRATION SUBSYSTEM is carried out the observation of space junk according to observation mission.
By above-mentioned four subsystem close fit, telescope carries out observation and the tracking of space junk; Image, angle measurement and the photometry data of space junk are shown by display system, and be stored in the storage medium of computer system.
The present invention has remedied the deficiencies in the prior art, is a kind of brand-new telescopic system, has heavy caliber transmission-type optical texture, three looks worry mating plate, large visual field, double detector, search efficiency height and detectivity high.Can realize that telescopic system of the present invention is a kind of extraordinary space junk recording geometry to angle measurement and the photometry of dark weak space junk.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is combined into the synoptic diagram of system of the present invention for each device.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1, heavy caliber transmission-type telescopic system.With reference to Fig. 1: the lens barrel subsystem; The frame subsystem; Automatically controlled subsystem and master control subsystem close fit realize high precision angle-measuring and photometry to dark weak space junk.Wherein, master control subsystem is by the operation of automatically controlled subsystem control lens barrel subsystem and frame subsystem.
The lens barrel subsystem comprises optical subsystem, detector subsystem, as copper plate system, optical filter subsystem, mini system control subsystem.Optical subsystem adopts the transmission-type optical texture of heavy caliber (800 millimeters of bores, relative aperture is greater than 1:1.3), realizes collecting the function of photon; Be provided with frame transfer CCD in the detector subsystem, and corresponding with described optical subsystem, realize the photon that optical subsystem is collected is converted to electronics, and then be converted into ccd image; As being provided with the image planes rotating mechanism in the copper plate system, realize the image planes rotation; The optical filter subsystem is provided with the four-way optical filter, and the switching mechanism of this four-way optical filter; The mini system control subsystem is connected with the switching mechanism of four-way optical filter, the control gear of Jing Gai and the control gear of focusing respectively, realizes the control to optical filter, Jing Gai and focusing.He has heavy caliber (800 millimeters of bores, relative aperture is greater than 1:1.3) transmission-type optical texture, four-way optical filter, mini system control subsystem (control optical filter, focusing, Jing Gai) and frame transfer CCD.
The frame subsystem adopts traditional altitude azimuth form frame and picture to revolve structure, and the altitude azimuth form frame has two mutually perpendicular axles, and one is Z-axis, and one is transverse axis.Can make the different azel of pointing of the telescope around Z-axis and horizontal rotational shaft.
Automatically controlled subsystem comprises servocontrol subsystem, timing subsystem.The servocontrol subsystem respectively with described master control subsystem, and the image planes rotating mechanism is connected the position that sends according to the master control subsystem and speed command control telescope running and as the running of revolving mechanism; Be provided with the gps signal receiver structure in the timing subsystem, and with the control gear of lens barrel subsystem, be connected with the control gear of frame subsystem; Receive in real time gps time signal, Real-time Collection pointing of the telescope data, exposure commencing signal and the end signal of Real-Time Monitoring CCD, latch CCD exposure beginning and the temporal information of the finish time, comprise year, month, day, hour, min, second, millisecond, be accurate to 0.1 millisecond, latch CCD exposure beginning and the directional information of the finish time, be accurate to 0.0001 degree, and send by serial ports.Adopt the mode of serial communication to connect between automatically controlled subsystem and the master control subsystem.
The master control subsystem comprises image acquisition subsystem, image processing subsystem, angle measurement and photometry subsystem, ADMINISTRATION SUBSYSTEM.Image acquisition subsystem, its workflow is that control frame shifts CCD, according to the given time shutter, according to the image read frequency of frame transfer CCD (such as: 5Hz) gather ccd image, and gather the time that the timing subsystem in the automatically controlled subsystem sends by serial port and point to data message, acquisition frame is shifted ccd image and time and sensing data information memory in the buffer zone of calculator memory appointment, offer image processing subsystem and use; The view data that image processing subsystem utilizes image acquisition subsystem to gather, positional information and the luminosity information of all astrology on the image (fixed star and space junk) offer angle measurement and photometry subsystem and use; Angle measurement and photometry subsystem provide angle measurement and the photometry result of calculation of fixed star or space junk according to the result of image processing subsystem, offer ADMINISTRATION SUBSYSTEM and use.ADMINISTRATION SUBSYSTEM is carried out the observation of space junk according to observation mission.
Claims (10)
1. a heavy caliber transmission-type telescopic system is characterized in that, described heavy caliber transmission-type telescopic system comprises following subsystem:
The lens barrel subsystem; The frame subsystem; Automatically controlled subsystem; The master control subsystem;
Wherein, the master control subsystem is connected with lens barrel subsystem and frame subsystem respectively by automatically controlled subsystem, the operation of control lens barrel subsystem and frame subsystem.
2. heavy caliber transmission-type telescopic system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described lens barrel subsystem includes: optical subsystem, detector subsystem, as copper plate system, optical filter subsystem, and mini system control subsystem.
3. heavy caliber transmission-type telescopic system according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described optical subsystem adopts bigbore transmission-type optical texture, realizes collecting the function of photon; Be provided with frame transfer CCD in the described detector subsystem, and corresponding with described optical subsystem, realize the photon that optical subsystem is collected is converted to electronics, and then be converted into ccd image; Described as being provided with the image planes rotating mechanism in the copper plate system, realize the image planes rotation; Described optical filter subsystem is provided with the four-way optical filter, and the switching mechanism of this four-way optical filter; Described mini system control subsystem is connected with the switching mechanism of four-way optical filter, the control gear of Jing Gai and the control gear of focusing respectively, realizes the control to optical filter, Jing Gai and focusing.
4. heavy caliber transmission-type telescopic system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described frame subsystem adopts altitude azimuth form frame and picture to revolve structure, and wherein the altitude azimuth form frame has two mutually perpendicular axles, a Z-axis, a transverse axis; Can make the different azel of pointing of the telescope around Z-axis and horizontal rotational shaft.
5. heavy caliber transmission-type telescopic system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described automatically controlled subsystem includes servocontrol subsystem, timing subsystem.
6. heavy caliber transmission-type telescopic system according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described servocontrol subsystem respectively with described master control subsystem, and the image planes rotating mechanism is connected the position that sends according to the master control subsystem and speed command control telescope running and as the running of revolving mechanism; Be provided with the gps signal receiver structure in the described timing subsystem, and with the control gear of lens barrel subsystem, be connected with the control gear of frame subsystem, receive in real time gps time signal, Real-time Collection pointing of the telescope data, exposure commencing signal and the end signal of Real-Time Monitoring CCD, latch CCD exposure beginning and the temporal information of the finish time, and send by serial ports.
7. heavy caliber transmission-type telescopic system according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described timing subsystem " receives in real time gps time signal " and reaches " latching CCD exposure beginning and the temporal information of the finish time ", comprise year, month, day, hour, min, second, millisecond, be accurate to 0.1 millisecond; " latch CCD exposure beginning and the directional information of the finish time ", be accurate to 0.0001 degree.
8. heavy caliber transmission-type telescopic system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, adopts the mode of serial communication to connect between described automatically controlled subsystem and the master control subsystem.
9. heavy caliber transmission-type telescopic system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described master control subsystem includes image acquisition subsystem, image processing subsystem, angle measurement and photometry subsystem, and ADMINISTRATION SUBSYSTEM.
10. heavy caliber transmission-type telescopic system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the workflow of described image acquisition subsystem is that control frame shifts CCD, according to the given time shutter, image read frequency according to frame transfer CCD, gather ccd image, and gather the time that the timing subsystem in the automatically controlled subsystem sends by serial port and point to data message, acquisition frame is shifted ccd image and time and sensing data information memory in the buffer zone of calculator memory appointment, offer image processing subsystem and use; The view data that image processing subsystem utilizes image acquisition subsystem to gather, the positional information of all astrology and luminosity information on the image offer angle measurement and photometry subsystem and use; Angle measurement and photometry subsystem provide angle measurement and the photometry result of calculation of fixed star or space junk according to the result of image processing subsystem, offer ADMINISTRATION SUBSYSTEM and use.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN103235409A (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2013-08-07 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Optical grating diffraction-based big- aperture telescope device |
| CN109405968A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-03-01 | 中国科学院云南天文台 | A kind of automatic spectrum observation system and its control method |
| CN110244447A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-09-17 | 中国科学院紫金山天文台 | Full-automatic integrated removable optical telescope system and its working method |
| CN111156990A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-15 | 中国科学院紫金山天文台 | Space debris real-time astronomical positioning and photometry method based on automatic pointing determination |
| CN113281772A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-08-20 | 中国科学院紫金山天文台 | Highly integrated visible light wave band space debris detection system |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103235409A (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2013-08-07 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Optical grating diffraction-based big- aperture telescope device |
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| CN110244447B (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2021-01-26 | 中国科学院紫金山天文台 | Full-automatic integrated movable optical telescope system and working method thereof |
| CN111156990A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-15 | 中国科学院紫金山天文台 | Space debris real-time astronomical positioning and photometry method based on automatic pointing determination |
| CN111156990B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-03-16 | 中国科学院紫金山天文台 | Space debris real-time astronomical positioning and photometry method based on automatic pointing determination |
| CN113281772A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-08-20 | 中国科学院紫金山天文台 | Highly integrated visible light wave band space debris detection system |
| CN113281772B (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2024-05-31 | 中国科学院紫金山天文台 | Highly integrated visible light wave band space debris detection system |
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