CN102981156A - Ultrasonic imaging post-processing method and device thereof - Google Patents
Ultrasonic imaging post-processing method and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ultrasonic imaging post-processing method and a device of the ultrasonic imaging post-processing method. The ultrasonic imaging post-processing method is used for processing output signals of the front end of the ultrasonic imaging beam forming and comprises the following steps: (1) conducting mixing processing to the output signals of the front end of the ultrasonic imaging and an orthogonality I component and an orthogonality component Q are acquired, (2) conducting lowpass filtering processing to two line orthogonal signals through a cascading integral comb filter and meanwhile conducting down-sampling in the middle of cascading integral comb filter. The ultrasonic imaging post-processing method further comprises steps of revising a transitional zone of frequency response of the cascading integral comb filter through a correcting filter. The step (2) further comprises the following steps:(1) sending the orthogonality I component and the orthogonality Q component after the mixing processing into the cascading integral comb filter and an output signal Ii (n) and an output signal Qi (n) are acquired, (2) conducting down-sampling to the signal Ii (n) and the output signal Qi (n) according to post-processing requirements to the signal Iid (n) and the output signal Qid (n), (3) processing Iid (n) and Qid (n) through the cascading integral comb filter and an output signal Iiedc (n) and an output signal Qidc (n) of the cascading integral comb filter are acquired.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the ultrasonic imaging technique field, be specifically related to ultrasonic imaging and process the realization technology, be specifically related to a kind of ultrasonic imaging post-processing approach and device.
Background technology
Current ultrasonic imaging instrument mainly is the working method that adopts pulse echo, utilize transducer array emission Narrow Ultrasonic, transducer array receives signal, then form the signal intensity that improves Scattering Targets by focus beam, signal after wave beam forms is got the processing such as envelope through quadrature demodulation and down coversion, send at last in the imaging display system.At present, domestic and international researcher is devoted to real-time, miniaturization, low-power consumption and the low cost of equipment.The miniaturization of equipment is conducive to supersonic imaging apparatus and is used for open air, emergency medical etc., and simultaneously low-cost, low-power consumption is conducive to equipment popularizing in developing country.
The commercial ultrasonic image-forming system of most all is based on the PC platform or based on the digital signal processor of microprocessor architecture design.Software realizes have larger dirigibility, but power consumption being larger that for dedicated system with respect to high speed processing, such as the processing of radiofrequency signal, the resource that takies is more, is not easy to realize.
Mainly there is the method for three major types digital demodulation in orthogonal demodulation method from historical development: the algorithm (accurate numerical approach) of the first for correcting based on numeral.The method mainly is to utilize quadrature I, Q component after the analog frequency mixing processing are carried out respectively digital sample, then utilizes numerical approach to carry out unbalance the compensating such as phase place, amplitude, and this method is rare in the digital display circuit in modern times.The second is based on the algorithm of digital mixing, and the method for utilizing digital mixing to obtain quadrature I, Q component can effectively be eliminated in the demodulation uneven.The third is the method based on the Hilbert conversion, and the method utilizes the phase shift passage to obtain quadrature component, thereby obtains the analytic signal of original signal, because the method is utilized Digital Implementation, so can reduce unbalance equally.
The Hilbert method is all adopted in existing ultrasonic imaging aftertreatment basically, the filter length that uses in this kind method is generally longer, the calculation resources that takies during realization, storage resources are relatively high, and the power consumption of using during processing is relatively high, are not to be very suitable for real-time processing.The cascade integral comb filter structure of prior art is used for the software radio of the communications field, but put down in writing in ultrasonic image-forming system this wave filter is not applied in the ultrasonic imaging field.
Because in ultrasonic image-forming system, higher through the signal frequency after the front-end processing, transmission and storage be difficulty relatively, needs through reducing data transfer rate behind demodulation under the quadrature and the down-sampling.But the frequency of deal with data is higher, and realizing has certain complexity, the present invention is directed to this problem and has proposed a kind of implementation method, and the method is applicable to real-time processing, processes very effective to data.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, for addressing the above problem, provide a kind of ultrasonic imaging post-processing approach and device.
Purpose of the present invention is applicable to the ultrasonic imaging high speed and processes the rear end for a kind of ultrasonic imaging post-processing approach is provided.The back-end processing of utilizing the mixing structure to carry out ultrasonic imaging is conducive to simplify the designing requirement of wave filter.Utilization is processed the ultrasonic imaging back end signal based on the structure of cascade integral comb filter.
Another purpose of this method is to reduce the operand when realizing, the comb filter of the method utilization does not need a large amount of multiplication, can reduce greatly the difficulty of Hardware Design, realized simultaneously the cascade of down-sampling and wave filter, effectively reduced the data transfer rate of rear end, for the real time imagery back-end processing is got ready.
The invention provides a kind of ultrasonic imaging post-processing approach, the method comprises for the treatment of the output signal of ultrasonic imaging front end:
Optimize, described method also comprises the step of the transitional zone of utilizing the frequency response of correcting filter correction cascade integral comb filter.Further optimize, described correcting filter adopts digital correcting filter.
Optionally, the described output signal that is mixed down the ultrasonic imaging front end multiply by ultrasonic probe centre frequency cosine and sinusoidal two-way orthogonal signal, and full digital processing is used in described mixing.
Described step 2 further comprises following steps:
Step 2-1 sends into quadrature 1 component and Q component after the mixing in the cascade integral wave filter, obtains output signal I
i(n) and Q
i(n);
Step 2-2 is to I
i(n) and Q
i(n) signal carries out down-sampling according to the requirement of back-end processing, and obtaining down-sampled signal is I
Id(n) and Q
Id(n);
Step 2-3 is to I
Id(n) and Q
Id(n) process by the cascade comb filter, the filter output signal that obtains is I
Idc(n) and Q
Idc(n) signal.
Based on said method, the invention provides a kind of ultrasonic imaging after-treatment device, this device is for the treatment of the output signal of ultrasonic imaging front end, and described device comprises:
The mixing unit carries out Frequency mixing processing to the output signal of ultrasonic imaging front end, obtains quadrature 1 component and the Q component of high-speed ultrasonic signal;
Cascade integral comb filter carries out low pass to the two-way orthogonal signal and processes, and carries out simultaneously down-sampling in the middle of cascade integral comb filter.
Wherein said mixing unit input end links to each other with the output unit of ultrasonic imaging front end, and described mixing unit output terminal links to each other with described cascade integral comb filter input end.
Optimize, described device also comprises a rectification compensating filter that links to each other with described cascade integral comb filter output terminal, and this corrects the transitional zone that compensating filter is used for revising the cascade integral comb filter frequency response.
Optionally, described mixing unit further comprises:
The first register 102, the second register 103, sine and cosine table 104, address generator 105 and multiplier 106;
The output signal of described ultrasonic imaging front end is deposited output by the first register 102 and the second register 103, the cosine and sine signal that the two paths of signals of output and sine and cosine table 104 and address generator 105 produce multiplies each other by multiplier 106, finishes mixing operation.
Optionally, described cascade integral comb filter further comprises successively series connection: cascade integral wave filter 202, down sample module 203 and cascade comb filter 204; Wherein, the integrator cascade that described cascade integral wave filter 202 is fs by N sample frequency forms, and each integrator is that a first order pole is fed back to 1 wave filter; Described cascade comb filter 204 is formed by N comb filter cascade, and each comb filter is delayed time to subtract each other by M and consisted of.
In method provided by the invention: the signal behind the Ultrasound beamforming at first obtains two paths of signals through totally digitilized mixing, then two paths of signals being carried out respectively cascade integral comb filter processes, comprising N class connection integration filter, down-sampling rate be that the down-sampling of R is processed, parameter is the cascade comb filter of M, then signal is carried out frequency spectrum and corrects filtering.This method has realized ultrasonic imaging aftertreatment task with less calculated amount.
Compared with prior art the invention has the advantages that:
Adopt the digital mixing framework directly to find the solution first orthogonal signal at alternative Hilbert, then find the solution the method for envelope, the envelope that has obtained signal effectively is so that calculated amount is simplified.
Adopt cascade integral comb filter to replace common low pass frequency overlapped-resistable filter, do not need multiplication process, use less memory space to finish anti-aliasing processing, in the middle of wave filter, realized down-sampling simultaneously, reduced number of calculations and poke quantity.
Because cascade integral comb filter is in ultrasonic imaging is used, ultrasonic post-processed signal is broadband signal, the high frequency treatment of the low-pass signal after mixing has been introduced certain decay, use the correcting filter of lower-order number to proofread and correct the output of cascade integral comb filter, thereby guaranteed the application of the broadband signal that ultrasonic imaging is used.
This method adopts the cascade integral comb filter structure of mixing, whole algorithm has only used twice multiplication in mixing, the system that does not need a large amount of memory filters, greatly reduce system and realized storage resources, with respect to routine the method processed of Hilbert filtering, the total system power consumption of ultrasonic signal aftertreatment decreases, and is specially adapted to real-time processing and low-power consumption, portable use.The present invention for the ultrasonic imaging aftertreatment very effectively, and calculated amount little, be easy to realize, real-time is good, is applicable to the real-time processing of ultrasonic imaging.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the fundamental block diagram of ultrasonic imaging aftertreatment realization technology of the present invention;
The detailed construction of Fig. 2 mixing part of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is ultrasonic imaging of the present invention rear end cascade integral comb filter down coversion structure;
Fig. 4 is cascade integral comb filter of the present invention and correcting filter frequency response curve;
Fig. 5 is the frequency response curve of cascaded integrator-comb of the present invention (CIC) wave filter, compensating filter and two kinds of wave filter cascades;
Fig. 6-a is the image based on the Hilbert algorithm of Matlab of prior art;
Fig. 6-b is the image based on cascaded integrator-comb (CIC) wave filter of the present invention.
Embodiment
Hereinafter with reference to accompanying drawing this method is described.In the accompanying drawings, even same or analogous parts are described in different figure, but still represented by identical label.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme, and whole method comprises, at first utilizes mixing to obtain quadrature I, the Q component of high-speed ultrasonic signal.Then utilize cascade integral comb filter to two-way orthogonal signal low-pass filtering treatment, because the sampling rate of the signal frequency of last output will be hanged down 4-8 doubly with respect to original ultrasonic imaging sampling rate, in the middle of cascade integral comb filter, carry out down-sampling simultaneously.Because cascade integral comb filter is a kind of low-pass filter in essence, the transitional zone of cascade integral comb filter frequency response is not very good, utilizes correcting filter to revise whole filtering.Whole quadrature demodulation process utilizes FPGA or dsp processor to realize.This method has reduced the quantity of multiply operation effectively, is very beneficial for real-time implementation.
According to the present invention, a kind of ultrasonic imaging aftertreatment implementation method is provided, comprise the steps:
Step 1: at first the output signal x (n) of ultrasonic imaging front end carried out mixing operation, Frequency mixing processing multiply by ultrasonic probe centre frequency cos and sin two-way orthogonal signal to signal x (n), obtains orthogonal signal I (n) and Q (n);
Step 2: I (n) and Q (n) are sent in the cascade integral wave filter, obtain output signal I
i(n) and Q
i(n);
Step 3: to I
i(n) and Q
i(n) signal carries out down-sampling according to the requirement of back-end processing, and obtaining down-sampled signal is I
Id(n) and Q
Id(n);
Step 4: to I
Id(n) and Q
Id(n) carry out the cascade comb filter and process, the filter output signal that obtains is I
Idc(n) and Q
Idc(n) signal, the signal of this moment has been finished the purpose of quadrature demodulation substantially;
Step 5: in order further to improve the frequency-flat of signal, to I
Idc(n) and Q
Idc(n) signal carries out correcting filter filtering, and output signal is last I
Final(n) and Q
Final(n), thus finished the ultrasonic imaging back-end processing.
In step 1, preferably finish mixing with full digital processing.
In the step 2, three, four, preferably utilize cascade integral comb filter to finish anti-mixed the processing and the down-sampling processing.
In the step 5, preferably utilize digital correcting filter, low sampled data is corrected frequency spectrum.
Fig. 1 is the block scheme of whole ultrasonic imaging back-end processing.With reference to Fig. 1, ultrasonic imaging front-end processing output signal x (n) comes from the ultrasonic imaging wave beam and forms front end.Signal at first is input to frequency mixing module 101, and frequency mixing module 101 is finished Frequency mixing processing, mixing output orthogonal two paths of signals I (n) and Q (n).Then two paths of signals enters respectively cascade integral comb filter module 201, finishes the anti-aliasing processing of low pass and down-sampling, output signal I
Idc(n) and Q
Idc(n).At last output signal I
Idc(n) and Q
Idc(n) be input to 301 modules, obtaining final output signal is I
Final(n) and Q
Final(n).
For cascade integral comb filter (cic filter) 201, its primary structure as shown in Figure 3.With reference to Fig. 3, positive input signal I (n) or Q (n) are input to cascade integral comb filter 201.Cascade integral comb filter 201 is mainly by three module compositions: cascade integral wave filter 202, down sample module 203 and cascade comb filter 204.Cascade integral comb filter (cic filter) partly is comprised of integration filter part and comb filter.The integrator cascade that cascade integral wave filter 202 is fs by N sample frequency forms, and each integrator is that a first order pole is fed back to 1 wave filter, and its transport function can be expressed as:
Cascade comb filter 204 is formed by N comb filter cascade, and each comb filter is delayed time to subtract each other by M and consisted of.Parameter M is used for the frequency response function of control wave filter.Common M=1 or 2.System transter is converted to high sampling rate f
SThe time, the transport function that obtains is as follows:
H
C(z)＝1-Z
-RM (2)
Carry out down-sampling between two wave filters, system is transformed to low sampling rate from high sampling rate, sampling rate is by f
SBecome f
S/ R.
The whole transport function of whole cascade integral comb filter (cic filter) 201 is f in sample frequency
SIn time, can be expressed as:
Can find out that cascade integral comb filter (cic filter) equivalence is the cascade of N uniformity ratio wave filter.Realize that this wave filter needs N*R*M poke device and totalizer.And when needing down-sampling R, adopt cascaded integrator-comb (CIC) structure only to need M storer.
The advantage of cascade integral comb filter (cic filter) do not need to be multiplier and storage coefficient, and utilizes the heterogeneous structure of equivalence, carries out down-sampling between integration filter and comb filter, can effectively reduce storage.Cascade integral comb filter (cic filter) rule structure is so that whole wave filter can be only by two simple modules and three Parameter N, M, and R consists of, and is conducive to realize configurable structure.
Cascade integral comb filter (cic filter) frequency response general performance is low-pass characteristic.As substitution z=e
J (2 π f/R)The time, wherein f is the frequency under low sampling rate fs/R, whole power-frequency response is
Figure 4 shows that in sample frequency be 40MHz, down-sampling rate R=8, cascaded stages N=7, the frequency response curve of cascade integral comb filter during M=1 (cic filter).As can be seen from the figure, cascade integral comb filter (cic filter) equivalence is the uniformity ratio wave filter, on the one hand, parameters is so that trap has appearred in down-sampling frequency place, and such as 5MHz place among the figure, this trap is conducive to suppress image component, improve the precision of down-sampling, on the other hand, this wave filter has caused the unevenness of low-frequency range, is descending near not far just beginning the in 0Hz place such as curve among the figure.
Generally need to adopt this species impoverishment of mode correction of correcting filtering, adopt afterwards a correcting filter to revise the spectrum structure of whole wave filter at cascade integral comb filter (cic filter), thereby assurance system performance, can use that lowest mean square approaches etc., also can utilize additive method, list of references J.F.Kaiser for example, " sharpening the response of a symmetric nonrecursive filter by Multiple use of the same filter; " IEEE Trans.On Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing, vol.ASSP-25,1977.
Fig. 5 has provided the frequency response curve of cascade integral comb filter (cic filter) and has adopted the frequency response curve of the compensating filter of 20 rank FIR.As can be seen from the figure, by the cascade of two wave filters, can finish from height sampling 40MHz, to the processing of low sampling rate 5MHz, effectively reduce the frequency of operation of system.Simultaneously owing to used compensating filter so that LF-response is comparatively smooth, effectively squelch below 60dB.
Utilize the rf ultrasound's signal that generates as input, and adopt Matlab emulation that the quadrature demodulation structure is verified.Ultrasonic emulated data is to verifying based on the orthogonal demodulation system of cascade integral comb filter (cic filter), the result is (prior art adopts the image of Hilbert algorithm shown in Fig. 6-a) shown in Fig. 6-b, comparison diagram 6-a and Fig. 6-b and algorithm level emulation can be found out, the designing requirement of system can be satisfied based on the emulation of the orthogonal demodulation system of cascade integral comb filter (cic filter).
Although select case representation and described the present invention with reference to the present invention, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention that are defined by the claims, can carry out modification on various forms and the details to embodiment.
Claims (11)
1. ultrasonic imaging post-processing approach, the method comprises for the treatment of the output signal of ultrasonic imaging front end:
Step 1 is carried out Frequency mixing processing to the output signal of ultrasonic imaging front end, obtains quadrature I component and the Q component of high-speed ultrasonic signal;
Step 2 utilizes cascade integral comb filter that the two-way orthogonal signal are carried out low-pass filtering treatment, carries out simultaneously down-sampling in the middle of cascade integral comb filter.
2. ultrasonic imaging post-processing approach according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described method also comprises the step of the transitional zone of utilizing the frequency response of correcting filter correction cascade integral comb filter.
3. ultrasonic imaging post-processing approach according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described correcting filter adopts digital correcting filter.
4. ultrasonic imaging post-processing approach according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the described output signal that is mixed down the ultrasonic imaging front end multiply by ultrasonic probe centre frequency cosine and sinusoidal two-way orthogonal signal, and full digital processing is used in described mixing.
5. ultrasonic imaging post-processing approach according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described step 2 further comprises following steps:
Step 2-1 sends into quadrature I component and Q component that mixing obtains in the cascade integral wave filter, obtains output signal I
i(n) and Q
i(n);
Step 2-2 is to I
i(n) and Q
i(n) signal carries out down-sampling according to the requirement of back-end processing, and obtaining down-sampled signal is I
Id(n) and Q
Id(n);
Step 2-3 is to I
Id(n) and Q
Id(n) process by the cascade comb filter, the filter output signal that obtains is I
Idc(n) and Q
Idc(n) signal.
6. ultrasonic imaging after-treatment device, this device is for the treatment of the output signal of ultrasonic imaging front end, and described device comprises:
The mixing unit carries out Frequency mixing processing to the output signal of ultrasonic imaging front end, obtains quadrature I component and the Q component of high-speed ultrasonic signal;
Cascade integral comb filter to two-way orthogonal signal low-pass filtering treatment, carries out down-sampling simultaneously in the middle of cascade integral comb filter.
Wherein said mixing unit input end links to each other with the output unit that the ultrasonic imaging wave beam forms front end, and described mixing unit output terminal links to each other with described cascade integral comb filter input end.
7. ultrasonic imaging post-processing approach according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described device also comprises a rectification compensating filter that links to each other with described cascade integral comb filter output terminal, and this corrects the transitional zone that compensating filter is used for revising the cascade integral comb filter frequency response.
8. according to claim 6 or 7 described ultrasonic imaging after-treatment devices, it is characterized in that described mixing unit further comprises:
The first register (102), the second register (103), sine and cosine table (104), address generator (105) and multiplier (106);
Described ultrasonic imaging wave beam forms the signal of front end output and deposits output by the first register (102) and the second register (103), the cosine and sine signal that the two paths of signals of output and sine and cosine table (104) and address generator (105) produce multiplies each other by multiplier (106), finishes mixing operation.
9. according to claim 6 or 7 described ultrasonic imaging after-treatment devices, it is characterized in that described cascade integral comb filter further comprises successively series connection: cascade integral wave filter (202), down sample module (203) and cascade comb filter (204).
10. ultrasonic imaging after-treatment device according to claim 9 is characterized in that, the integrator cascade that described cascade integral wave filter (202) is fs by N sample frequency forms, and each integrator is that a first order pole is fed back to 1 wave filter.
11. ultrasonic imaging post-processing approach according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described cascade comb filter (204) is formed by N comb filter cascade, and each comb filter is delayed time to subtract each other by M and consisted of.
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| CN106886680A (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2017-06-23 | 无锡科美达医疗科技有限公司 | A kind of ultrasonic remote real-time consultation system |
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Application publication date: 20130320 |