CN102980238A - Solar air-heating system and method - Google Patents
Solar air-heating system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102980238A CN102980238A CN2012105363873A CN201210536387A CN102980238A CN 102980238 A CN102980238 A CN 102980238A CN 2012105363873 A CN2012105363873 A CN 2012105363873A CN 201210536387 A CN201210536387 A CN 201210536387A CN 102980238 A CN102980238 A CN 102980238A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a solar air-heating system and method. The system comprises a heat pipe and a vacuum glass pipe, a glass pipe with a vacuum sandwich is adopted by the vacuum glass pipe, the vacuum glass pipe is arranged outdoors, an evaporation section of the heat pipe is arranged in a cavity of the vacuum glass pipe, a condensation section of the heat pipe is arranged indoors, solar heat is directly or indirectly absorbed by the evaporation section of the heat pipe, and then heat exchange with indoor air is performed by the condensation section through a radiator. By adopting the system and the method, the efficiency of absorption of solar energy and the efficiency of heat transfer can be improved greatly, constant heating can be realized indoors, and an indoor environment can be made comfortable. Moreover, the system has the advantages of good safety and reliability and low cost.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to a kind of heating technology, particularly a kind of high efficiency, low cost utilizes solar energy to the system and method for indoor heating.
Background technology
At present high-efficiency solar heating generally is a kind of active heating technology, needs following process to realize: 1) the photo-thermal transfer process of solar energy, generally adopt efficient selective heat absorbing coating or absorption film, and reflectivity is low; 2) absorption of heat energy and storage generally need thermal medium and heat storage container, and need to extraneous effectively insulating; 3) heat energy generally needs circulating pump and heat exchanger and realizes the heat transmission by thermal medium to indoor transporting; 4) heat energy is in indoor diffusion, and generally the mode by free convection or fan forced heat-exchanging realizes heating function.
But it is higher that cost is generally understood in efficient initiatively solar heating, is difficult to adopt in the great vast rural area of solar heating demand.Therefore, the passive solar house technology of relatively low cost becomes the major way of rural area heating.Present passive solar house mainly contains with Types Below: the formula solar energy housing of 1) directly being benefited: sunshine passes the mode that directly enters indoor heating behind the transparent material; 2) heat collecting and accumulating wall type solar energy housing: the outside that heat collecting and accumulating wall can be solid wall, the waterwall with air port up and down or has a solid wall of door, window is loaded onto such as the transparent material of glass plate and so on the mode as cover cap.Between heat collecting and accumulating wall and the cover cap interlayer is arranged.After sunshine passes transparent material, be incident upon on the heat-absorbent surface of heat collecting and accumulating wall, the air in the interlayer that forms between heating glass plate and the body of wall and body of wall are again by the convection current of air and the indoor transferring heat heating of conduction, radiation direction of body of wall; 3) attached sunspace formula solar energy housing: in the mode of the additional glasshouse of the sunny slope in house, if glasshouse and house intersection are to have the solid wall of door and window then the heat collecting and accumulating wall type solar energy housing that can be classified as the front certainly; 4) the combined type solar energy housing that is combined by above-mentioned two or more fundamental types.
Wherein, the formula solar energy housing of directly being benefited be the simplest also be the most frequently used a kind of, it is to utilize southern window directly to accept solar radiation.Usually the window of house towards south enlarged, perhaps make the console mode large windows.In the winter time, sunshine shines directly on indoor ground, wall and the furniture by large windows, and most of solar radiant energy is absorbed and converts to heat, thereby their temperature is raise; The small part solar radiant energy is reflected to other indoor surfaces, again carries out absorption, the reflection process of solar radiant energy.Ground, wall and furniture after temperature raises, a part of heat is with the air in the mode heating clamber of convection current and radiation, to reach the purpose of heating; Another part heat then is stored in floor and the body of wall, discharges gradually to night again, makes indoor continuation keep certain temperature.But the formula solar energy housing of directly being benefited has its inherent defect: at first, large window must cause its radiation loss to increase, especially at night or cause extra heat loss when not having solar energy; Secondly, the heat-insulating property of other parts of window building enclosure must have corresponding raising, otherwise, will cause that the room temperature daily fluctuation is large, comfortableness is poor, and auxiliary energy consumption such as increases at the series of problems; In addition, because the window opening area is large, illumination is strong, causes easily dazzle, and must do sun-shading when summer.
The heat collecting and accumulating wall type solar energy housing is the indirect type solar heating system, and sunlight at first shines on the interior dark heat accumulation body of wall of glass outer cover, then to indoor heating.Attached sunspace with heat collecting and accumulating wall is a kind of development of heat collecting and accumulating wall type solar energy housing, air blanketing between glass and the body of wall is widened, form an operable space---attached sunspace, in a sense, the attached sunspace passive solar house is the combining form of the formula of directly being benefited (greenhouse of south orientation) and heat collecting and accumulating wall type (wearing afterwards the room of heat collecting and accumulating wall).This heat collecting and accumulating wall separates attached sunspace and main house body, generally offers door, window or ventilating opening on the wall.The combined type solar energy housing is being combined with of different heating systems, can form complement one another, more effective passive solar house.These several passive solar houses are because shortcomings such as its intrinsic solar energy low absorptivity, high emissivity and effect of heat insulation low (radiation loss is high), although can partly utilize solar energy, but the average utilization ratio of the solar energy of unit are extremely low (not being higher than 10%), must rely on building integral south wall large tracts of land advantage, so cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
It is high and there is inefficient problem in passive solar house technology to the present invention is directed to existing active heating technology implementation procedure complexity and cost, a kind of solar air heat collection heating system and method are provided, can utilize solar energy highly effective to realize at low cost building is heated.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of solar air heat collection heating system, it is characterized in that, comprise heat pipe and glass tube with vacuum, described glass tube with vacuum is the glass tube with vacuum interlayer, described glass tube with vacuum is positioned at outdoor, the evaporator section of described heat pipe is positioned at the chamber of glass tube with vacuum, and the condensation segment of described heat pipe is positioned at indoor, and the evaporator section of described heat pipe directly or indirectly absorbs behind the solar heat by condensation segment by radiator and room air heat exchange again.
When the evaporator section of described heat pipe absorbs solar heat indirectly, described glass tube with vacuum has selective heat absorbing coating, the evaporator section of described heat pipe is provided with heat transmission fin, the solar heat that the inwall of described heat transmission fin contact glass tube with vacuum absorbs with the conduction glass tube with vacuum.
When the evaporator section of described heat pipe directly absorbed solar heat, described glass tube with vacuum was the glass tube with vacuum of printing opacity, and the heat pipe evaporator section that is positioned at the chamber of glass tube with vacuum directly absorbs solar heat.
Described heat pipe be metal material through welding or extruding or stamping forming have two and more than the slab construction of the via-hole array that are arranged side by side, the equivalent diameter of described through hole is 1mm-5mm, is filled with the sealed at both ends encapsulation of liquid working substance and heat pipe in the described through hole.
Described glass tube with vacuum is arranged on outdoor wall outer side or the roof along certain inclination angle.
The inclination angle of described glass tube with vacuum is arranged between local latitude plus-minus 10 degree.
Described glass tube with vacuum vertically wall hanging in outdoor wall outer side.
The condensation segment of described heat pipe and radiator are directly exposed to indoor, dispel the heat by natural convection air; The surface area of described radiator is between S2 and S1, and described S1 is that the maximized surface of radiator is long-pending, and described S2 is that the minimal surface of radiator is long-pending,
The condensation segment of described heat pipe and radiator are positioned at and the indoor air channel that communicates; And/or described radiator is radiated rib.
The glass tube with vacuum that comprises two groups or more, each organizes glass tube with vacuum all to heat pipe and radiator should be arranged; And/or being provided with dismountable solar protection devices on the described glass tube with vacuum, described solar protection devices prevents to indoor heat transfer and overheated at the non-heating season joint.
A kind of solar energy that utilizes is to the method for indoor heating, it is characterized in that, at the outdoor evaporator section that heat pipe is set in glass tube with vacuum and the chamber at glass tube with vacuum that arranges, and be arranged on the condensation segment of heat pipe indoor, described glass tube with vacuum is the glass tube with vacuum interlayer, and the evaporator section of heat pipe directly or indirectly absorbs behind the solar heat by condensation segment by radiator and room air heat exchange again.
When the evaporator section of described heat pipe absorbs solar heat indirectly, at glass tube with vacuum selective heat absorbing coating is set, so that the evaporator section of heat pipe contacts the solar heat that the inwall of glass tube with vacuum absorbs with the conduction glass tube with vacuum by heat transmission fin; When the evaporator section of described heat pipe directly absorbed solar heat, the glass tube with vacuum of employing was the glass tube with vacuum of printing opacity, directly absorbed solar heat so that be positioned at the heat pipe evaporator section in the chamber of glass tube with vacuum.
Described heat pipe is that metal material is through welding or extruding or stamping forming slab construction heat pipe with two via-hole array that are arranged side by side more than reaching, the equivalent diameter of described through hole is 1mm-5mm, is filled with the sealed at both ends encapsulation of liquid working substance and flat-plate heat pipe in the described through hole.
Described glass tube with vacuum is arranged on outdoor wall outer side or the roof along certain inclination angle; Or described glass tube with vacuum vertically wall hanging in outdoor wall outer side.
The condensation segment of described heat pipe and radiator are positioned at and the indoor air channel that communicates; And/or two groups or more glass tube with vacuum is set, each organizes glass tube with vacuum all to heat pipe and thermal component should be arranged.
Technique effect of the present invention is as follows:
The solar air heat collection heating system that the present invention relates to, comprise and be positioned at outdoor glass tube with vacuum, also comprise heat pipe, the evaporator section of heat pipe is positioned at the chamber of glass tube with vacuum, condensation segment is arranged at indoor, the condensation segment of heat pipe is provided with radiator, the present invention is by arranging heat pipe in glass tube with vacuum, after directly or indirectly absorbing solar heat, the evaporator section of heat pipe utilizes high heat-insulation and heat-preservation characteristic and the efficient heat exchange of heat pipe self and the characteristics of thermotransport of glass tube with vacuum, so that after the heat pipe heat absorption, the liquid of its evaporator section evaporates rapidly, and at the other end of heat pipe, namely being positioned at the condensation segment cooling condensation heat of indoor heat pipe, can significantly improve the absorption efficiency of solar energy and improve heat transfer efficient, under the effect of radiator, the solar energy that absorbs is discharged into indoorly, reaches the effect of indoor heating.Heating system of the present invention need not to enlarge windowpane or sets up the building structure that extra insulated wall etc. goes to change the room, because need not thermal-arrest and accumulation of heat liquid medium, has dry type, simple, efficient, antifreeze, safe and reliable, with low cost advantage.
Employing has the glass tube with vacuum of selective heat absorbing coating, utilize height absorption, low-launch-rate and the high heat-insulation and heat-preservation characteristic of the selective heat absorbing coating of glass tube with vacuum, and its solar heat that will fully absorb is transferred to the evaporator section of heat pipe by heat transmission fin, realize the indirect absorption solar heat of the evaporator section of heat pipe, the high efficient heat exchanging efficient that cooperates again heat pipe, the final effect that reaches sooner indoor heating.
Adopt the glass tube with vacuum of printing opacity, so that this structure need not in the chamber of glass tube with vacuum and between the heat pipe heat transmission fin to be set, the heat pipe evaporator section in chamber that is positioned at the glass tube with vacuum of printing opacity directly absorbs solar heat, and is simple in structure, improved solar energy heat absorbing efficient and heat transfer efficient.
Heat pipe can be the via-hole array slab construction of metal parts through welding or pushing or be stamped to form, filling liquid working medium forms micro heat pipe in the through hole, self-assembling formation heat pipe effect, whole formation flat-plate heat pipe, the flat-plate heat pipe manufacture craft of this structure is simple, have the high advantage of adopting heat pipes for heat transfer efficient, evaporator section has larger solar energy heat absorbing face simultaneously, can further improve the efficient and the heat transfer efficiency that absorb solar energy.The equivalent diameter that through hole is set is 1mm-5mm, namely is provided with the scope of the equivalent diameter of single micro heat pipe.The equivalent diameter of single micro heat pipe must not be lower than 1mm, so that the heat transfer potential of single micro heat pipe must not be lower than 1W, will be higher than the ability that absorbs solar energy thereby make the overall thermal of the micro heat pipe array in each glass tube with vacuum transport the limit.Simultaneously, the equivalent diameter of single micro heat pipe must not be higher than 5mm, so that the inside bearing capacity of single micro heat pipe will be higher than 20 atmospheric pressure.
Glass tube with vacuum is leaned in outdoor wall outer side along certain inclination angle, preferably between local latitude direction plus-minus 10 degree, arrange, this arranges and can make the sunshine direct projection enter glass tube with vacuum and heat pipe, the heat absorption of heat pipe also reaches optimum state, in addition, liquid working substance in the heat pipe also can be back to evaporator section from condensation segment under action of gravitation, promoted flowing of liquid working substance, also helps to strengthen heat-transfer capability.
What the present invention relates to utilizes solar energy to the method for indoor heating, at the outdoor evaporator section that heat pipe is set in glass tube with vacuum and the chamber at glass tube with vacuum that arranges, and the condensation segment of heat pipe being arranged on indoor, the evaporator section of heat pipe directly or indirectly absorbs behind the solar heat by condensation segment by radiator and room air heat exchange again.This heating method has utilized the characteristics of high heat-insulation and heat-preservation characteristic, the efficient heat exchange of heat pipe self and the thermotransport of glass tube with vacuum, by being evaporated to the condensation segment cooling condensation heat that is positioned at indoor heat pipe after the outdoor heat pipe evaporator section heat absorption, under the effect of radiator, be discharged into the solar energy that absorbs indoor, the automatic iterative cycles of this process utilizes solar energy highly effective to realize at low cost building is heated.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the first preferred structure schematic diagram of solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the second preferred structure schematic diagram of solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the third preferred structure schematic diagram of solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the 4th kind of preferred structure schematic diagram of solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the 5th kind of preferred structure schematic diagram of solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the 6th kind of preferred structure schematic diagram of solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the 7th kind of preferred structure schematic diagram of solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention.
Each label lists as follows among the figure:
The 1-glass tube with vacuum; The 2-heat pipe; The 3-radiated rib; The 4-air channel; The 5-body of wall; The 6-heat transmission fin; The 7-insulation material; The 8-evaporator section; The 9-condensation segment; 10-micro heat pipe array cross section structure; The 11-blower fan.
The specific embodiment
The present invention will be described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The present invention relates to a kind of solar air heat collection heating system, comprise heat pipe and glass tube with vacuum, this glass tube with vacuum is the glass tube with vacuum interlayer, described glass tube with vacuum is positioned at outdoor, the evaporator section of described heat pipe is positioned at the intermediary canal of glass tube with vacuum, the condensation segment of described heat pipe is arranged at indoor, and is provided with radiator at the condensation segment of heat pipe, and the evaporator section of heat pipe directly or indirectly absorbs behind the solar heat by condensation segment by radiator and room air heat exchange again.
Fig. 1 is the first preferred structure schematic diagram of solar air heat collection heating system, glass tube with vacuum 1 is positioned at outdoor, the evaporator section of heat pipe 2 is positioned at the intermediary canal of glass tube with vacuum 1, so this evaporator section is positioned at outdoor (left side of body of wall 5 is outdoor as shown in the figure), condensation segment is arranged at indoor (right side of body of wall 5 is indoor as shown in the figure), is provided with radiated rib 3 on the condensation segment of heat pipe 2.Glass tube with vacuum 1 among this embodiment is the glass tube with vacuum of printing opacity (perhaps being called light-transmission tube), and the evaporator section of heat pipe 2 that is positioned at the chamber of glass tube with vacuum 1 directly absorbs solar heat.This mode that heat pipe 2 is connected in indoor and outdoor may be defined as integral solar air heat-collecting heating system.Glass tube with vacuum 1 can be preferably end sealing, other end opening, and the evaporator section of heat pipe 2 stretches in the intermediary canal of glass tube with vacuum 1 from the openend of glass tube with vacuum 1, and filled thermal insulation materials can be passed through in the slit between the openend of glass tube with vacuum 1 and the heat pipe 2.
For so that the radiator of the condensation segment setting of heat pipe better dispels the heat, temperature rise can not be excessively low when simultaneously guaranteeing to add hot-air again, and the surface area S that this radiator is set can not be excessive, can not be too small, if the maximum of S is S1, minimum of a value is S2, and then S should be between S2 and S1.The expression formula of S1 is:
For example, suppose that solar energy maximum illumination intensity is 1000, radiator is 80 ° of C of 60 ° of C(radiator temperatures with respect to the temperature rise of surrounding air, 20 ° of C of air themperature), NATURAL CONVECTION COEFFICIENT OF HEAT is about 7, then long-pending (square meter) S1=1000x vacuum glass length of tube (rice) the x vacuum glass bore (rice)/(60x7) of the maximized surface of radiator.
For example, maximum rated temperature-rise is 80 ° of C.
The glass tube with vacuum 1 of the printing opacity among this embodiment 1 leans in outdoor wall outer side along certain inclination angle, be the in other words conj.or perhaps flat-plate heat pipe 2 shown in this embodiment of heat pipe 2() evaporator section also lean in outdoor wall outer side along certain inclination angle with glass tube with vacuum 1, this inclination angle is preferably selected in the scope between local latitude plus-minus 10 degree, this moment, sunshine can be close to the heat-absorbent surface of direct projection irradiation glass tube with vacuum 1 and flat-plate heat pipe 2 evaporator sections, after the heat-absorbent surface of flat-plate heat pipe 2 absorbs solar heat, heat enters into the liquid working substance of the evaporator section of flat-plate heat pipe 2, evaporation gasification after the liquid working substance heat absorption in the evaporator section, natural flow is to the condensation segment of upper end, the condensation segment of flat-plate heat pipe 2 penetrates body of wall and stretches to indoor, condensation segment is through radiated rib 3 heat exchange, simultaneously liquefaction, and rely on gravity and self capillary force effect to flow back to evaporator section, automatically finish circuit cycle, under the effect of radiated rib 3, constantly the solar heat that absorbs is dispersed into indoorly, reaches the effect of indoor heating.
Fig. 2 is the second preferred structure schematic diagram of solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention.Glass tube with vacuum 1 among this embodiment be vertically wall hanging in outdoor wall outer side, this moment heat pipe 2 evaporator section equally also be vertically wall hanging in outdoor wall outer side, heat pipe 2 upper ends penetrate body of wall as condensation segment and stretch to indoor, this moment, heat pipe 2 interior working medium relied on gravity to flow back to evaporator section after condensation heat release liquefaction, it is maximum that the gravity of this moment reaches, so this setup has improved the heat transfer efficiency of heat pipe 2.
Fig. 3 is the third preferred structure schematic diagram of solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention.Among this embodiment, the flat-plate heat pipe of heat pipe 2 for having the micro heat pipe structure, its micro heat pipe array cross section structure is as indicating shown in the of 10, the evaporator section 8 of heat pipe 2 is positioned at the intermediary canal of glass tube with vacuum 1, be provided with radiated rib 3 on the condensation segment 9 of heat pipe 2, condensation segment 9 and radiated rib 3 thereof are positioned at and the indoor air channel that communicates 4,4 in air channel among the figure has shown part-structure, the evaporator section 8 of heat pipe 2 is dispelled the heat by radiated rib 3 by condensation segment 9 after absorbing solar heat again, in air channel 4, be provided with blower fan 11 as power drive, give radiated rib 3 air-supplies by blower fan 11, driving radiated rib 3 is distributed to solar heat indoor as early as possible by air channel 4, reach the effect of heating.
Fig. 4 is the 4th kind of preferred structure schematic diagram of solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention.This embodiment is arranged at glass tube with vacuum 1 on the roof, the evaporator section of heat pipe 2 is positioned at the intermediary canal of glass tube with vacuum 1 at this moment, condensation segment is positioned at and the indoor air channel that communicates 4, the evaporator section of heat pipe 2 is arranged on the roof and can absorbs solar energy more perspective, carry out the condensation heat release to condensation segment behind this evaporator section evaporation endothermic, because condensation segment and radiated rib 3 are positioned at air channel 4, so that solar heat can enter by air channel 4 is indoor, reach the effect of heating.
The described solar air heat collection heating system of Fig. 1 to 4 all is glass tube with vacuums of the printing opacity of employing, directly absorbs solar heat by the heat pipe evaporator section in the chamber that glass tube with vacuum is set.Certainly, solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention also can adopt heat pipe evaporator section indirectly to absorb the mode of solar heat, and such as by the glass tube with vacuum heat absorption, then the mode heat conduction by heat transmission fin is set is to heat pipe evaporator section.The 5th kind of preferred structure schematic diagram of concrete solar air heat collection heating system as shown in Figure 5, glass tube with vacuum 1 has selective heat absorbing coating can absorb solar heat, evaporator section outer surface at the heat pipe 2 in the chamber that is positioned at glass tube with vacuum 1 arranges heat transmission fin 6, and so that the inwall of these heat transmission fin 6 contact glass tube with vacuums 1, like this, the solar heat that the evaporator section of heat pipe 2 can absorb with conduction glass tube with vacuum 1 by the inwall of heat transmission fin 6 contact glass tube with vacuums 1, after working medium in heat pipe 2 evaporator sections is evaporated to indoor condensation segment, under the effect of radiated rib 3, constantly solar heat is dispersed into indoorly, reaches the purpose of indoor heating.Preferably, can wrap up insulation material 7 at outdoor glass tube with vacuum and body of wall intersection and prevent that solar heat runs off.
Fig. 6 is the 6th kind of preferred structure schematic diagram of solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention.This embodiment is a kind of separated type solar air heat-collecting heating system, with the condensation segment of heat pipe 2 and radiated rib 3 be arranged on the indoor air channel that communicates 4 in, but the power drives such as blower fan of controlled wind speed are arranged usually in air channel 4, driving radiated rib 3 is distributed to solar heat indoor, finally reaches the initiatively purpose of ventilation and heating.
Fig. 7 is the 7th kind of preferred structure schematic diagram of solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention.Comprise the multi-group vacuum glass tube among this embodiment, each organizes glass tube with vacuum all corresponding heat pipe and thermal component, the evaporator section that perhaps is interpreted as glass tube with vacuum 1 and heat pipe 2 has consisted of outdoor electron tubes type solar thermal collector, this embodiment is provided with a plurality of electron tubes type solar thermal collectors, certainly the equal correspondence of each electron tubes type solar thermal collector is provided with the heat release part, this heat unit is divided into the condensation segment of each heat pipe 2 and each radiated rib 3 of corresponding setting with each condensation segment, a plurality of electron tubes type solar thermal collectors supply indoor heating simultaneously, so that indoor rapid intensification.In addition, for further improving solar absorption efficient, can be provided with the efficient selective heat absorbing coating at the evaporator section outer surface of each heat pipe 2, further improve solar absorption efficient.
Preferably be provided with dismountable solar protection devices on the glass tube with vacuum of the present invention, save this solar protection devices at non-heating seasons such as summers and can prevent to indoor heat transfer and overheated, and when needing heating such as winter etc. dismountable this solar protection devices.In addition, the thermal component that this solar air heat collection heating system adopts can also be other thermal component except radiated rib, and such as fan, fan is blown into flat-plate heat pipe condensation segment condensation liberated heat indoor.
In solar air heat collection heating system as shown in Figure 7, the solar absorptance of glass tube with vacuum can reach 97%, and emissivity can be lower than 5%, the light transmittance of glass tube with vacuum can reach more than 92%, conductive heat loss is close to 0, and therefore, the utilization ratio of unit are solar energy can reach about 84%.
The load design of solar air heat collection heating system:
Every glass tube with vacuum and flat-plate heat pipe are that the collector area of electron tubes type solar thermal collector (take the long 70mm external diameter of 2m as example) of thermal-arrest unit is as 0.15m
2, then the collector area of the heating system used of every room of composition of 20 thermal-arrest unit is 3 square metres.
The invention still further relates to a kind of solar energy that utilizes to the method for indoor heating, a kind of solar air heat collection heating method in other words conj.or perhaps, the method and above-mentioned solar air heat collection heating system corresponding.At the outdoor evaporator section that heat pipe is set in glass tube with vacuum and the chamber at glass tube with vacuum that arranges, and the condensation segment of heat pipe being arranged on indoor, the evaporator section of heat pipe directly or indirectly absorbs behind the solar heat by condensation segment by radiator and room air heat exchange again.The glass tube with vacuum that the method adopts is the glass tube with vacuum interlayer.
When the evaporator section of described heat pipe absorbs solar heat indirectly, can adopt the glass tube with vacuum heat absorption, then by heat transmission fin heat conduction being set to the mode of heat pipe evaporator section, specifically can selective heat absorbing coating be set at glass tube with vacuum, so that the evaporator section of heat pipe contacts the solar heat that the inwall of glass tube with vacuum absorbs with the conduction glass tube with vacuum by heat transmission fin, shown in Fig. 5-6; When the evaporator section of described heat pipe directly absorbed solar heat, the glass tube with vacuum of employing was the glass tube with vacuum of printing opacity, directly absorbed solar heat so that be positioned at the heat pipe evaporator section in the chamber of glass tube with vacuum, shown in Fig. 1-4.
The heat pipe that the method adopts is preferably flat-plate heat pipe, this flat-plate heat pipe can for metal material through welding or extruding or stamping forming have two and more than the slab construction heat pipe of the via-hole array that are arranged side by side, the equivalent diameter of described through hole is 1mm-5mm, be preferably 1.5-3mm, be filled with the sealed at both ends encapsulation of liquid working substance and flat-plate heat pipe in the described through hole, self-assembling formation heat pipe effect.
Glass tube with vacuum can be arranged on outdoor wall outer side or the roof along certain inclination angle, shown in Fig. 1,3,4,5,6,7, at this moment, the evaporator section of heat pipe also leans in outdoor wall outer side along certain inclination angle with glass tube with vacuum, and this inclination angle is preferably selected in the scope between local latitude plus-minus 10 degree.Certainly, glass tube with vacuum also vertically wall hanging in outdoor wall outer side, as shown in Figure 2.In addition, the condensation segment of heat pipe and radiator can be positioned at indoor, shown in Fig. 1,2,5; Perhaps be positioned at and the indoor air channel that communicates, shown in Fig. 3,4,6.
The method of indoor heating of the present invention can arrange one group, two groups or more glass tube with vacuum.When the multi-group vacuum glass tube is set, each organizes glass tube with vacuum all to heat pipe and thermal component should be arranged, as shown in Figure 7, the evaporator section of every group of glass tube with vacuum and heat pipe has consisted of outdoor electron tubes type solar thermal collector, a plurality of electron tubes type solar thermal collectors supply indoor heating simultaneously, so that indoor rapid intensification, reach the purpose of indoor rapid heating.Certainly, a plurality of electron tubes type solar thermal collectors also can be in the roof setting, the evaporator section of each heat pipe is from absorbing solar energy with multi-angle, the condensation segment of each heat pipe and radiated rib all be arranged on the indoor air channel that communicates in, but the power drives such as blower fan of controlled wind speed are arranged usually in the air channel, the driving radiated rib is distributed to solar heat indoor as early as possible by the air channel, reach the effect of heating.Wherein, each electron tubes type solar thermal collector and air channel can be by member supporting such as angle bar frame and bearings.
Take territory, northern somewhere as example, the about 6000MJ/m of total radiation in solar year
2(per day about 16.43MJ/ square metre), year 2600～3200 hours sunshine (day about 8 hour sunshine).With per day 16.43MJ/m
2The solar energy impinges amount calculate, the per day power of the heating system of the solar energy heating area of every square meter (8 hours) is:
P=0.84x16.43x10
6/8/3600=479.2（W）
Collector area with 3 square metres in every room is calculated, and then the heating heating power in every room is:
P1=3xP=1437.6（W）
Be equivalent to by 70W/m
2The Heating Load of the 20 square meters building of calculating.
Need heating to calculate with 3 rooms of each peasant household, the solar air heat collection heating general power of each peasant household is:
P3=3xP1=4312.9（W）
Be equivalent to save mark coal amount every day:
M1=P3x8x3600/7000/4180=4.245 kilogram mark coal
In annual 7 months Heating Period, then the annual mark coal amount of saving was:
M7=M1x7x30.5=906.32 kilogram mark coal=0.906 ton of mark coal
According to above-mentioned roughly budgetary estimate, solar air heat collection heating system of the present invention and method are a kind of direct heating system of dry type solar energy and method of New high-efficient low-cost, this system and method is safe and reliable, with low cost, energy savings especially is fit to the winter heatings such as factory, schoolhouse, farm dwelling.
Should be pointed out that the above specific embodiment can make the invention of those skilled in the art's comprehend, but do not limit the present invention in any way creation.Therefore; although this specification has been described in detail the invention with reference to drawings and Examples; but; those skilled in the art are to be understood that; still can make amendment or be equal to replacement the invention; in a word, all do not break away from technical scheme and the improvement thereof of the spirit and scope of the invention, and it all should be encompassed in the middle of the protection domain of the invention patent.
Claims (15)
1. solar air heat collection heating system, it is characterized in that, comprise heat pipe and glass tube with vacuum, described glass tube with vacuum is the glass tube with vacuum interlayer, described glass tube with vacuum is positioned at outdoor, the evaporator section of described heat pipe is positioned at the chamber of glass tube with vacuum, and the condensation segment of described heat pipe is positioned at indoor, and the evaporator section of described heat pipe directly or indirectly absorbs behind the solar heat by condensation segment by radiator and room air heat exchange again.
2. solar air heat collection heating system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when the evaporator section of described heat pipe absorbs solar heat indirectly, described glass tube with vacuum has selective heat absorbing coating, the evaporator section of described heat pipe is provided with heat transmission fin, the solar heat that the inwall of described heat transmission fin contact glass tube with vacuum absorbs with the conduction glass tube with vacuum.
3. solar air heat collection heating system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when the evaporator section of described heat pipe directly absorbed solar heat, described glass tube with vacuum was the glass tube with vacuum of printing opacity, and the heat pipe evaporator section that is positioned at the chamber of glass tube with vacuum directly absorbs solar heat.
4. according to claim 1 to one of 3 described solar air heat collection heating systems, it is characterized in that, described heat pipe is that metal material is through welding or extruding or stamping forming slab construction with two via-hole array that are arranged side by side more than reaching, the equivalent diameter of described through hole is 1mm-5mm, is filled with the sealed at both ends encapsulation of liquid working substance and heat pipe in the described through hole.
5. according to claim 1 to one of 3 described solar air heat collection heating systems, it is characterized in that described glass tube with vacuum is arranged on outdoor wall outer side or the roof along certain inclination angle.
6. solar air heat collection heating system according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the inclination angle of described glass tube with vacuum is arranged between local latitude plus-minus 10 degree.
7. according to claim 1 to one of 3 described solar air heat collection heating systems, it is characterized in that, described glass tube with vacuum vertically wall hanging in outdoor wall outer side.
8. according to claim 1 to one of 3 described solar air heat collection heating systems, it is characterized in that the condensation segment of described heat pipe and radiator are directly exposed to indoor, dispel the heat by natural convection air; The surface area of described radiator is between S2 and S1, and described S1 is that the maximized surface of radiator is long-pending, and described S2 is that the minimal surface of radiator is long-pending,
9. according to claim 1 to one of 3 described solar air heat collection heating systems, it is characterized in that the condensation segment of described heat pipe and radiator are positioned at and the indoor air channel that communicates; And/or described radiator is radiated rib.
10. according to claim 1 to one of 3 described solar air heat collection heating systems, it is characterized in that comprise two groups or more glass tube with vacuum, each organizes glass tube with vacuum all to heat pipe and radiator should be arranged; And/or being provided with dismountable solar protection devices on the described glass tube with vacuum, described solar protection devices prevents to indoor heat transfer and overheated at the non-heating season joint.
11. one kind is utilized solar energy to the method for indoor heating, it is characterized in that, at the outdoor evaporator section that heat pipe is set in glass tube with vacuum and the chamber at glass tube with vacuum that arranges, and be arranged on the condensation segment of heat pipe indoor, described glass tube with vacuum is the glass tube with vacuum interlayer, and the evaporator section of heat pipe directly or indirectly absorbs behind the solar heat by condensation segment by radiator and room air heat exchange again.
12. the solar energy that utilizes according to claim 11 is to the method for indoor heating, it is characterized in that, when the evaporator section of described heat pipe absorbs solar heat indirectly, at glass tube with vacuum selective heat absorbing coating is set, so that the evaporator section of heat pipe contacts the solar heat that the inwall of glass tube with vacuum absorbs with the conduction glass tube with vacuum by heat transmission fin; When the evaporator section of described heat pipe directly absorbed solar heat, the glass tube with vacuum of employing was the glass tube with vacuum of printing opacity, directly absorbed solar heat so that be positioned at the heat pipe evaporator section in the chamber of glass tube with vacuum.
13. according to claim 11 or the 12 described solar energy that utilize to the method for indoor heating, it is characterized in that, described heat pipe is that metal material is through welding or extruding or stamping forming slab construction heat pipe with two via-hole array that are arranged side by side more than reaching, the equivalent diameter of described through hole is 1mm-5mm, is filled with the sealed at both ends encapsulation of liquid working substance and flat-plate heat pipe in the described through hole.
14. according to claim 11 or the 12 described solar energy that utilize to the method for indoor heating, it is characterized in that described glass tube with vacuum is arranged on outdoor wall outer side or the roof along certain inclination angle; Or described glass tube with vacuum vertically wall hanging in outdoor wall outer side.
15. according to claim 11 or the 12 described solar energy that utilize to the method for indoor heating, it is characterized in that the condensation segment of described heat pipe and radiator are positioned at and the indoor air channel that communicates; And/or two groups or more glass tube with vacuum is set, each organizes glass tube with vacuum all to heat pipe and thermal component should be arranged.
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| CN104110719A (en) * | 2013-04-18 | 2014-10-22 | 曾祥军 | Solar tube type heat collecting and heating device |
| CN105066471A (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-11-18 | 赵耀华 | Heat-pipe type panel solar air collector and heating method thereof |
| CN105276730A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-01-27 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Solar air conditioning device with self-circulation heat pump and setting method thereof |
| CN107676856A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2018-02-09 | 南昌大学 | A kind of solar heat pipe heat-transfer device |
| CN108801013A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-11-13 | 洪霞 | Utilize solar energy or the hot-pipe system of wind energy |
| CN110186201A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-08-30 | 北京结力能源科技有限公司 | The instant heating type micro heat pipe solar water heater of vacuum |
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| CN113417414A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-09-21 | 袁晓柯 | Green energy-saving roof for building |
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| CN113417414A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-09-21 | 袁晓柯 | Green energy-saving roof for building |
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