CN102978543A - Carbon fiber/copper composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Carbon fiber/copper composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102978543A CN102978543A CN2012105198734A CN201210519873A CN102978543A CN 102978543 A CN102978543 A CN 102978543A CN 2012105198734 A CN2012105198734 A CN 2012105198734A CN 201210519873 A CN201210519873 A CN 201210519873A CN 102978543 A CN102978543 A CN 102978543A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a carbon fiber/copper composite material, belongs to the field of metal-based composite materials, and particularly relates to a technical scheme of a carbon fiber/copper composite material and a preparation method of the carbon fiber/copper composite material. The preparation method is characterized in that a porous carbon blank which is obtained by pressing short carbon fibers is taken as a prefabricated body; and a copper alloy is permeated to pores of the prefabricated body so as to make the copper alloy fully fill in the pores of the carbon blank, and finally the copper alloy-based carbon fiber/copper composite material which is in network continuous distribution is formed. The carbon fiber/copper composite material can be used as a friction material, a carbon body material, an ablative material, various sliding bearing bushes, a sliding block and even a biological material. Compared with other preparation methods of the carbon fiber/copper composite material, the preparation method uses a non-pressure infiltration method, is simple in process, low in cost and easy to industrialize, and can prepare the carbon fiber/copper composite material with high conductivity, excellent self-lubrication abrasion resistance, excellent thermal shock resistance and ablation resistance.
Description
Technical field
A kind of charcoal fiber/carbon/carbon-copper composite material of the present invention and preparation method belong to the metal-base composites field, are specifically related to a kind of charcoal fiber/carbon/carbon-copper composite material and preparation method's technical scheme.
Background technology
The metal-base composites that composite material of carbon/carbon/copper is integrated as a kind of structure set and function, be widely used in each industrial sector because having good conduction, heat conduction, anti-attrition, wear resisting property, such as friction materials, oil bearing, contact material, electro-conductive material and Parts Materials etc.Particularly in recent years, along with railway high speed and electrified development, the sliding conduction Materials is rapid.Composite material of carbon/carbon/copper has a wide range of applications as Material for Pantograph Slide and brush material because of the conduction of its excellence, the first-selection that the anti-attrition wear resisting property becomes modern sliding conduction material.The common method of making composite material of carbon/carbon/copper has powder metallurgic method, paddling process, squeeze casting method etc.Charcoal and copper in the time of 1200 ℃ wetting angle just near 170 °, solubleness only has 0.005at%, and any chemical reaction does not occur, do not form any carbide yet, therefore the wetting problem in interface of composite material of carbon/carbon/copper seems very outstanding, make the composite material of carbon/carbon/copper complicated process of preparation, seriously restricted its performance raising and application.With regard at present common powder metallurgy charcoal/brass work, owing to have charcoal and the non-wetted problem of copper, the porosity of matrix material is high, and density is low; Sintering strength is low, poor mechanical property; Copper is isolated island shape distribution in the material, also is unfavorable for the raising of electroconductibility and friction and wear behavior.
At present, apply and coating, be considered to improve the effective ways of charcoal and copper interface wet ability, form Ni, Cu, Cr, Fe, Zr, Ti, the metal or alloy coatings such as W, Mo such as usefulness plating, electroless plating, vacuum plating etc. at charcoal fiber or charcoal particle surface, or adopt sol-gel method, PVD method, CVD method etc. to form ceramic coatings.Although the method for coating and coating is a lot, because complex process is more to fiber and the research of particle body coating, less to the research of prefabricated component Bulk coat.Because there is the system point of many intersections in the prefabricated component, be difficult to carry out integral body and apply, easily produce " evil mind effect ".No matter integral body takes any coating process, generally all requires before coating fiber or particle to be carried out surface cleaning and modification, can cause certain pollution to environment.Therefore, the technique of improving interface wet ability by coating process awaits perfect, and cost is higher, is difficult to realize industrialization.
Take powder metallurgic method as example, improve interface wet ability and then at first will prepare copper coated graphite powder, comprise two steps of Graphite Powder 99 pre-treatment and Graphite Powder 99 copper facing, pre-treatment also comprises the technological processs such as hydrophilization, alligatoring, sensitization, activation, reduction and oven dry, and precision is wayward.Mixed powder process in the follow-up powder metallurgical technique becomes again another difficult problem because the density great disparity of copper, charcoal is larger, need to expend for a long time, and the general continuous mixed powder time is all about 50 h.Therefore, no matter be which kind of preparation method, realize that copper and copper alloy matrix be combined preferably between the charcoal interface, all requiring has preferably consistency between copper and the charcoal component.Because the interface problem of charcoal and copper causes the complicated process of preparation of present composite material of carbon/carbon/copper, cost is high.
Summary of the invention
A kind of charcoal fiber/carbon/carbon-copper composite material of the present invention and preparation method's purpose is: for the deficiency that overcomes prior art provide a kind of process of preparing simple, with low cost, can effectively improve charcoal/copper interface wet ability, improve performance, charcoal fiber/carbon/carbon-copper composite material of expanding Application Areas and preparation method's technical scheme.
A kind of charcoal fiber/carbon/carbon-copper composite material of the present invention, it is characterized in that a kind of porous charcoal base substrate that obtains take the short carbon fiber compacting is as precast body, in the hole of precast body, infiltrate copper alloy, make copper alloy can fully fill the interior hole of charcoal base substrate and the final charcoal fiber/carbon/carbon-copper composite material that forms the copper alloy matrix of network-like continuous distribution.
The preparation method of above-mentioned a kind of charcoal fiber/carbon/carbon-copper composite material, it is characterized in that a kind of porous charcoal base substrate that obtains take the short carbon fiber compacting is as precast body, in the hole of precast body, infiltrate copper alloy, make copper alloy can fully fill the also preparation method of the charcoal fiber/carbon/carbon-copper composite material of the copper alloy matrix of the network-like continuous distribution of final formation of the interior hole of charcoal base substrate, the processing step of the method is:
1., to get the porous charcoal base substrate that short carbon fiber compacting obtains be precast body, is that the short carbon fiber mixing quality mark of 1～2mm is that to obtain density by drawing method be 0.7～1.5g/cm for 20% resol with length
3The porous charcoal base substrate, the porous charcoal base substrate is heat-treated at 2200 ℃～2500 ℃;
2., the infiltration agent powder that mixes of preparation Cu powder and Zr powder, wherein Zr opaque amount per-cent is 10%～15%;
3., the precast body that 1. makes of the infiltration agent powder embedding step that 2. makes with step, under vacuum condition, carry out pressureless infiltration in 1250～1350 ℃, products therefrom is charcoal fiber/carbon/carbon-copper composite material.
A kind of charcoal fiber/carbon/carbon-copper composite material of the present invention and preparation method's advantage is: owing to adopt above-mentioned processing method, by adding the Zr element, make between copper alloy matrix and the charcoal base substrate and have good wetting property and associativity, need not carbon prefabricated component coating, not only realized pressureless infiltration, simplified technique, and make copper alloy can fully fill the interior hole of charcoal base substrate and the final copper alloy matrix that forms network-like continuous distribution, make this matrix material have better electroconductibility, shock strength and friction and wear behavior; The charcoal fiber not only significantly improves the mechanical property of material, and has reduced frictional coefficient and the wear rate of material as solid lubricant; The charcoal fiber is heat-treated the reinforced effects that not only can improve fiber, also friction and the conductivity of capable of regulating fibre preforms body structure, control carbon matrix type and content and then controlled material, prepare specific charcoal fiber reinforcement copper alloy composite material, as friction resistance material, brush material, ablator, various Sliding bush, slide block and even biomaterial.The preparation method compares with other composite material of carbon/carbon/copper, the present invention adopts the pressureless infiltration method, and technique is simple, and is with low cost, be easy to realize industrialization, can prepare have high conductivity, excellent self-lubricating abrasion-resistant, excellent heat resistanceheat resistant is shaken and the charcoal fiber/carbon/carbon-copper composite material of ablation resistance.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is for adopting the prepared charcoal fiber of the inventive method/carbon/carbon-copper composite material metallograph.The infiltration copper alloy can fully be filled the hole that links up in the charcoal composite body as can be seen from Figure, forms the copper alloy matrix of network-like distribution.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Weigh polyacrylonitrile charcoal fiber and 20wt% resol, be pressed into 0.7 g/cm
3The porous charcoal composite body, heat-treat at 2200 ℃; Preparation Cu/Zr mass ratio is the infiltration agent of 9:1; With the infiltration agent embedding charcoal base substrate for preparing, under vacuum condition, 1250 ℃ of insulation 30min prepare charcoal fiber/carbon/carbon-copper composite material.
Embodiment 2
Weigh polyacrylonitrile charcoal fiber and 20wt% resol, be pressed into 1.32 g/cm
3The porous charcoal composite body, heat-treat at 2400 ℃; Preparation Cu/Zr mass ratio is the infiltration agent of 87:13; With the infiltration agent embedding charcoal base substrate for preparing, under vacuum condition, 1300 ℃ of insulation 30min prepare charcoal fiber/carbon/carbon-copper composite material.
Its main performance index is as shown in the table:
Embodiment 3
Weigh polyacrylonitrile charcoal fiber and 20wt% resol, be pressed into 1.5g/cm
3The porous charcoal composite body, heat-treat at 2500 ℃; Preparation Cu/Zr mass ratio is the infiltration agent of 85:15; With the infiltration agent embedding charcoal base substrate for preparing, under vacuum condition, 1350 ℃ of insulation 30min prepare charcoal fiber/carbon/carbon-copper composite material.
Its main performance index is as shown in the table:
Claims (2)
1. charcoal fiber/carbon/carbon-copper composite material, it is characterized in that a kind of porous charcoal base substrate that obtains take the short carbon fiber compacting is as precast body, in the hole of precast body, infiltrate copper alloy, make copper alloy can fully fill the interior hole of charcoal base substrate and the final charcoal fiber/carbon/carbon-copper composite material that forms the copper alloy matrix of network-like continuous distribution.
2. the preparation method of the described a kind of charcoal fiber/carbon/carbon-copper composite material of claim 1, it is characterized in that a kind of porous charcoal base substrate that obtains take the short carbon fiber compacting is as precast body, in the hole of precast body, infiltrate copper alloy, make copper alloy can fully fill the also preparation method of the charcoal fiber/carbon/carbon-copper composite material of the copper alloy matrix of the network-like continuous distribution of final formation of the interior hole of charcoal base substrate, the processing step of the method is:
1., to get the porous charcoal base substrate that short carbon fiber compacting obtains be precast body, is that the short carbon fiber mixing quality mark of 1～2mm is that to obtain density by drawing method be 0.7～1.5g/cm for 20% resol with length
3The porous charcoal base substrate, the porous charcoal base substrate is heat-treated at 2200 ℃～2500 ℃;
2., the infiltration agent powder that mixes of preparation Cu powder and Zr powder, wherein Zr opaque amount per-cent is 10%～15%;
3., the precast body that 1. makes of the infiltration agent powder embedding step that 2. makes with step, under vacuum condition, carry out pressureless infiltration in 1250～1350 ℃, products therefrom is charcoal fiber/carbon/carbon-copper composite material.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103847527A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-06-11 | 宜兴市溢洋墨根材料有限公司 | Pantograph pan of high-speed railway motor train unit and preparation method thereof |
| CN105463245A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-04-06 | 宁波市鄞州永佳连接器件厂（普通合伙） | Television closed circuit connector |
| CN106191716A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-07 | 无锡市华东电力设备有限公司 | A kind of heat-resisting wear-resistant composite material |
| CN106400062A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-02-15 | 贵州木易精细陶瓷有限责任公司 | Copper and carbon composite material and manufacturing method and device thereof |
| CN107058915A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-08-18 | 湖南锴博新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of infiltration powder containing chromium and its application in copper chrome-silicon modified carbon/ceramic friction material |
| US9902091B2 (en) | 2015-04-21 | 2018-02-27 | Rohr, Inc. | Composite bonding tool with high thermal conductivity and low coefficient of thermal expansion |
| CN110983210A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2020-04-10 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | Carbon fiber composite copper-tungsten alloy material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| US20080248309A1 (en) * | 2004-11-09 | 2008-10-09 | Shimane Prefectural Government | Metal-Based Carbon Fiber Composite Material and Producing Method Thereof |
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| US20080248309A1 (en) * | 2004-11-09 | 2008-10-09 | Shimane Prefectural Government | Metal-Based Carbon Fiber Composite Material and Producing Method Thereof |
| WO2007063764A1 (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2007-06-07 | Shimane Prefectural Government | Metal-based composite material containing both micro-sized carbon fiber and nano-sized carbon fiber |
| CN101109060A (en) * | 2007-05-24 | 2008-01-23 | 中南大学 | Carbon fabric integer fabric carbon-copper composite material and method of manufacturing thereof |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103847527A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-06-11 | 宜兴市溢洋墨根材料有限公司 | Pantograph pan of high-speed railway motor train unit and preparation method thereof |
| CN103847527B (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2015-03-18 | 宜兴市溢洋墨根材料有限公司 | Pantograph pan of high-speed railway motor train unit and preparation method thereof |
| US9902091B2 (en) | 2015-04-21 | 2018-02-27 | Rohr, Inc. | Composite bonding tool with high thermal conductivity and low coefficient of thermal expansion |
| CN105463245A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-04-06 | 宁波市鄞州永佳连接器件厂（普通合伙） | Television closed circuit connector |
| CN106191716A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-07 | 无锡市华东电力设备有限公司 | A kind of heat-resisting wear-resistant composite material |
| CN106400062A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-02-15 | 贵州木易精细陶瓷有限责任公司 | Copper and carbon composite material and manufacturing method and device thereof |
| CN106400062B (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2018-07-31 | 贵州木易精细陶瓷有限责任公司 | Copper carbon composite and preparation method thereof and device |
| CN107058915A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-08-18 | 湖南锴博新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of infiltration powder containing chromium and its application in copper chrome-silicon modified carbon/ceramic friction material |
| CN107058915B (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2019-04-09 | 湖南中南智造新材料协同创新有限公司 | A kind of infiltration powder containing chromium and its application in copper chrome-silicon modified carbon/ceramic friction material |
| CN110983210A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2020-04-10 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | Carbon fiber composite copper-tungsten alloy material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110983210B (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2021-05-28 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | Carbon fiber composite copper-tungsten alloy material and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20130320 |