CN102977172B - A kind of method extracting cordycepin - Google Patents
A kind of method extracting cordycepin Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to field of medicaments, be specifically related to a kind of method extracting cordycepin.By Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. solid deserted medium or thalline sample through pulverizing, mix with water, lixiviate is crude extract; Or after the liquid cultivation and fermentation liquid filtration of Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link., obtain crude extract; After above-mentioned gained crude extract is filtered, stand-by; Filtered by above-mentioned gained crude extract, filtrate is adsorbed through anti-phase ODS filled column, then uses water, methanol aqueous solution and methanol-eluted fractions successively, makes pillar regenerate simultaneously; Adopt high performance liquid chromatography to carry out purifying thick for gained cordycepin, namely obtain the cordycepin of purity about 95%.The present invention is an oligosaprobic environmental protection chemical process; Preparation process completes at normal temperatures, saves mass energy; Product purity is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of medicaments, be specifically related to a kind of method extracting cordycepin.
Background technology
Cordyceps sinensis, has another name called cordyceps sinensis, also referred to as Cordyceps sinensis, is called for short Chinese caterpillar fungus.It is the rare traditional Chinese medicine of Chinese tradition, it is the Hepialus larva parasitized by the Cordyceps fungus of Hypocreales Clavicipitaceae Cordyceps in alpine meadow soil, larva is ossify, under optimum conditions, go out long bar-shaped stroma by bombys batryticatus head end pumping summer and form (i.e. the sporophore of Cordyceps fungus and bombys batryticatus sclerotium (larva corpse) form complex body).But worldwide Cordyceps sinensis distribution natural resource quantity is little, and in China, although Cordyceps sinensis kind is a lot, reach hundreds of, what be used as medicine just only has two kinds: Cordyceps fungus, Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. bacterium.
Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. (Cordycepsmilitaris) i.e. Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. bacterium is the type species of Ascomycotina, Clavicipitaceae, Cordyceps.Have another name called Cordyceps militaris, Chinese caterpillar fungus etc.The traditional Chinese medical science is thought, Chinese caterpillar fungus enters lung kidney two warp, can tonifying lung cloudy, again can kidney-replenishing, be unique a kind of Chinese medicine that can balance simultaneously, regulate negative and positive.Modern medicine and pharmacology research shows that riched Cordyceps Militaris contains the various bioactivators such as cordycepic acid, cordycepin, polysaccharide, SOD, selenium.Wherein cordycepin is a kind of nucleosides material with anti-microbial activity, has very strong restraining effect to core poly A polymerase.There is the multiple pharmacological effect such as antitumor, anti-bacteria and anti-virus, immunomodulatory, scavenging free radicals, have good potential applicability in clinical practice.Of particular concern is, U.S. NCI (National Cancer Institute) exploitation to cordycepin enters clinical trial, demonstrates good clinical effectiveness and market outlook.
Along with the continuous expansion of China's Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. plant husbandry scale, Market competition, profit margin diminishes.Rely on the profit model technical value added selling Cordyceps militaris fruiting body primary products low, cause the Chinese caterpillar fungus plant husbandry lacking core technology support to be difficult to obtain the development of sustainability.
And along with industry size continuous enlargement bring economic benefit while also create a serious problem, namely a large amount of Chinese caterpillar fungus gather after the disposal of discarded substratum.About 10: 1 are reached for the Cordyceps sporophore part (doing) of selling after cultivating residue (wetting) and gathering.The 2010 culture medium of Cordyceps militaris actual emissions being only Shenyang City have reached 10,000 tons.The cultivation residue of random discharge still can be used as the good development matrix of the harmful fungoids such as mould, thus cause the malignancy of harmful fungoid, form the corruption of cultivating residue waste material mouldy and produce the spore that is suspended in a large number in air and can mycotoxins (flavacin etc. as the strong carinogenicity) material of polluted underground water, ecological safety not only can be threatened directly can also to threaten the health of the mankind.In addition, cultivation residue is poured in bottom land or irrigation canals and ditches by current Chinese caterpillar fungus plantation family, but along with discharges a large amount of for a long time, a lot of place has occurred that Chinese caterpillar fungus waste material encloses village and even occurs the awkward situation that Chinese caterpillar fungus waste material is disposed nowhere.Have a strong impact on the sustainable development of this industry, also destruction has in various degree been caused to ecotope.
The technology of the extraction cordycepin reported mainly have employed the loaded down with trivial details and technology of poor efficiency of more traditional ion-exchange, protein precipitation, organic solvent degreasing, heat extraction, recrystallization, alcohol precipitation etc., not only bring the discharge of the pollutents such as acid, alkali, organic solvent, also add the consumption of the energy.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method extracting cordycepin.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of method extracting cordycepin:
(1) preparation of cordycepin crude extract: Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. solid deserted medium or thalline sample are through pulverizing, and mix with water, lixiviate is crude extract; Or after the liquid cultivation and fermentation liquid filtration of Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link., obtain crude extract; After above-mentioned gained crude extract is filtered, stand-by;
(2) enrichment of thick cordycepin: by above-mentioned steps 1) filtration of gained crude extract, filtrate is adsorbed through anti-phase ODS filled column, then uses water, methanol aqueous solution and methanol-eluted fractions successively, makes pillar regenerate simultaneously;
(3) purifying of cordycepin: by step 2) the thick cordycepin of gained adopts high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to carry out purifying, namely different chromatographic column specification, flow velocity and elutriant is adopted according to different chromatographic conditions, collect corresponding main chromatographic peak, obtain cordycepin.
In described step (1) after Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. solid deserted medium or thalline sample comminution with water by volume 1: 8-30 ratio mix, through 15-50 DEG C of lixiviate 2-36 hour after mixing, filter after lixiviate, filter residue repeats said extracted 2-3 time, gained filtrate is merged, obtains crude extract.After Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. solid deserted medium or thalline sample comminution, water mixes with the ratio of 1: 10-20 by volume in described step (1), at room temperature lixiviate 12-24 hour after mixing, filters after lixiviate, and filter residue repeats said extracted 2-3 time, gained filtrate is merged, obtains crude extract.After Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. solid deserted medium or thalline sample comminution, water mixes with the ratio of 1: 20 by volume in described step (1), after mixing, at room temperature lixiviate 24 hours, filters after lixiviate, and filter residue repeats said extracted 1 time, gained filtrate is merged, obtains crude extract.Described step 2) in by above-mentioned steps 1) gained crude extract filter, filtrate is adsorbed through anti-phase ODS filled column, often liter of filtrate adds the filler of 20-60g, then uses methanol aqueous solution and the methanol-eluted fractions of the water of 5-15 column volume, a 5-15 column volume successively, makes pillar regenerate simultaneously; Described methanol aqueous solution is the methanol aqueous solution of volume percent 5-30%; DS packing material size is less than or equal to 150 μm.
Described step 2) in by above-mentioned steps 1) gained crude extract filter, filtrate is adsorbed through anti-phase ODS filled column, often liter of filtrate adds the filler of 30-50g, then uses methanol aqueous solution and the methanol-eluted fractions of the water of 8-12 column volume, a 8-13 column volume successively, makes pillar regenerate simultaneously; Described methanol aqueous solution is the methanol aqueous solution of volume percent 5-20%; ODS packing material size is less than or equal to 75 μm.
Described step 2) in by above-mentioned steps 1) gained crude extract filter, filtrate is adsorbed through anti-phase ODS filled column, often liter of filtrate adds the filler of 40g, then uses methanol aqueous solution and the methanol-eluted fractions of the water of 8-12 column volume, a 9-13 column volume successively, makes pillar regenerate simultaneously; Described methanol aqueous solution is the methanol aqueous solution of volume percent 10-20%; ODS packing material size 40-60 μm.
Described step 2) in by above-mentioned steps 1) gained crude extract filter, filtrate is adsorbed through anti-phase ODS filled column, often liter of filtrate adds the filler of 40g, then uses methanol aqueous solution and the methanol-eluted fractions of the water of 9 column volumes, 11 column volumes successively, makes pillar regenerate simultaneously; Described methanol aqueous solution is the methanol aqueous solution of volume percent 10%; ODS packing material size 50 μm.
Described step 3) high performance liquid phase HPLC column carries out purification condition, and determined wavelength is 220-300nm, and moving phase is 5-50% methanol aqueous solution.Described step 3) high performance liquid phase HPLC column carries out purification condition, and determined wavelength is 220 and/or 260nm, and moving phase is 10-25% methanol aqueous solution.Described step 3) high performance liquid phase HPLC column carries out purification condition, and determined wavelength is 220 and/or 260nm, and moving phase is 15% methanol aqueous solution.
Advantage of the present invention:
The key technique of preparation process of the present invention does not relate to the use of heat extraction and noxious solvent, and also not relating to the strong acid and strong base class material that traditional method uses, is an oligosaprobic production process; Preparation process completes at a lower temperature, saves mass energy; Product purity high (about 95%).There is environmental protection and energy-conservation double meaning, and be that the production of high-quality cordycepin brings distinct economic and social benefit.
The present invention adopt membrane filtration in conjunction with preparation scale ODS reverse-phase chromatography method has good separating effect, circulation ratio is high.The source that the present invention extracts cordycepin can be that Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. cultivates residue, Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. thalline as the mycelium of sporophore or liquid state fermentation or fermented liquid.Also can reduce environmental pollution from cultivating the cordycepin obtaining high added value residue, drive the continuous upgrading of Chinese caterpillar fungus industry.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 obtains the HPLC color atlas of cordycepin for extraction that the embodiment of the present invention provides, and (1 is cordycepin, purity 95.1%; HPLC chromatographic condition: elution program: 0-5min2% methyl alcohol, 5-10min2-12% methyl alcohol, 10-12min12-15% methyl alcohol, 12-30min15% methyl alcohol; Determined wavelength: 260nm; Column temperature: 30 DEG C; Flow velocity: 1mL/min; Chromatographic column: YMCODS-A (10 × 250mm, 5 μm)).
Embodiment
The following examples will be further described the present invention, but not thereby limiting the invention.
Embodiment 1: Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. cultivates the preparation of cordycepin in residue
The preparation of crude extract: get Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. and cultivate residue 500g, be ground into particulate state, the water cultivating residue 20 times of quality with Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. soak extraction 24 hours under room temperature, filters, obtains filtrate for subsequent use; Filter residue extracts 1 time more as stated above, and wherein extraction time is 12 hours, and merging filtrate obtains crude extract.
The membrane filtration of crude extract is separated: crude extract adopts the macromolecular substance of Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration equipment more than molecular weight cut-off 10K to obtain ultrafiltrated.
The enrichment of thick cordycepin: ultrafiltrated inverse bonded phase ODS filled column (particle diameter 50 μm, blade diameter length ratio is 1: 3) carries out wash-out, adds filler 40g in often liter of ultrafiltrated; Ultrafiltrated carries out adsorption and enrichment with application of sample flow velocity 2CV/h (CV: column volume) loading; Elution process is: first remove strong polar impurity with water elution 9 column volumes, then with methanol aqueous solution wash-out 11 retention volume, obtains the thick cordycepin that purity is about 60%; Finally with methanol-eluted fractions removing low-pole impurity, make pillar regenerate simultaneously.Wherein methanol aqueous solution is the methanol aqueous solution of volume percent 10%, and the ratio of first alcohol and water is 10: 90.
The purifying of cordycepin: adopted by thick cordycepin semi-preparative HPLC method to carry out purifying, determined wavelength is 260nm, chromatographic column specification: 20 × 250mm (10 μm), flow velocity is 10ml/min, moving phase is methanol aqueous solution, namely the main chromatographic peak collecting retention time 26.8min is cordycepin, and the cordycepin HPLC obtained carries out purity test (as Fig. 1).Wherein methanol aqueous solution is the methanol aqueous solution of volume percent 15%, and the ratio of first alcohol and water is 15: 85.
Embodiment 2: the preparation of cordycepin in Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. thalline (sporophore or mycelium)
The preparation of crude extract: get Chinese caterpillar fungus culture medium 500g, be ground into particulate state, the water cultivating residue 10 times of quality with Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. soak extraction 12 hours under room temperature, filters, obtains filtrate for subsequent use; Filter residue extracts 1 time more as stated above, and merging filtrate obtains crude extract.
The membrane filtration of crude extract is separated: crude extract adopts the macromolecular substance of Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration equipment more than molecular weight cut-off 3K to obtain ultrafiltrated.
The enrichment of thick cordycepin: ultrafiltrated inverse bonded phase ODS filled column (particle diameter 50 μm, blade diameter length ratio is 1: 3) carries out dynamic adsorption, and in often liter of ultrafiltrated, filler addition is 40g; Elution process is: ultrafiltrated, with application of sample flow velocity 2CV/h (CV: column volume) loading, first removes strong polar impurity with water elution 8 column volumes, then with methanol aqueous solution wash-out 7 retention volume, obtains the thick cordycepin that purity is about 70%; Finally with methanol-eluted fractions removing low-pole impurity, make pillar regenerate simultaneously.Wherein methanol aqueous solution is the methanol aqueous solution of volume percent 15%, and the ratio of first alcohol and water is 15: 85.
The purifying of cordycepin: adopted by thick cordycepin semi-preparative HPLC method to carry out purifying, determined wavelength is 220nm and 260nm dual wavelength, chromatographic column specification: 30 × 250mm (10 μm), flow velocity is 22ml/min, moving phase is methanol aqueous solution, and the main chromatographic peak collecting about retention time 22.1min is cordycepin.Wherein methanol aqueous solution is the methanol aqueous solution of volume percent 17%, and the ratio of first alcohol and water is 17: 83.
Embodiment 3: the preparation of cordycepin in liquid state fermentation Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. fermented liquid
Get the Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. fermented liquid 1L of liquid state fermentation, filter, obtain filtrate for subsequent use; Filtrate adopts the macromolecular substance of Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration equipment more than molecular weight cut-off 3K to obtain ultrafiltrated.
The enrichment of thick cordycepin: ultrafiltrated inverse bonded phase ODS filled column (particle diameter 50 μm, blade diameter length ratio is 1: 3) carries out dynamic adsorption, and in often liter of ultrafiltrated, filler addition is 35g; Application of sample and elution process are: ultrafiltrated, with application of sample flow velocity 2CV/h (CV: column volume) loading, first removes strong polar impurity with water elution 12 column volumes, then with methanol aqueous solution wash-out 15 column volumes, obtain the thick cordycepin that purity is about 65%; Finally with methanol-eluted fractions removing low-pole impurity, make pillar regenerate simultaneously.Wherein methanol aqueous solution is the methanol aqueous solution of volume percent 15%, and the ratio of first alcohol and water is 15: 85.
The purifying of cordycepin: adopted by thick cordycepin semi-preparative HPLC method to carry out purifying, determined wavelength is 220nm, chromatographic column specification: 10 × 250mm (10 μm), flow velocity is 2.5ml/min, moving phase is methanol aqueous solution (v/v), and the chromatographic peak collecting retention time 39.1min is cordycepin.Wherein methanol aqueous solution is the methanol aqueous solution of volume percent 12%, and the ratio of first alcohol and water is 12: 88.
Claims (7)
1. extract a method for cordycepin, it is characterized in that:
(1) preparation of cordycepin crude extract: Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. solid deserted medium or thalline sample are through pulverizing, and mix with water, lixiviate is crude extract; Or after the liquid cultivation and fermentation liquid filtration of Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link., obtain crude extract; After above-mentioned gained crude extract is filtered, stand-by;
(2) enrichment of thick cordycepin: filtered by above-mentioned steps (1) gained crude extract, filtrate is adsorbed through anti-phase ODS filled column, then uses water, methanol aqueous solution and methanol-eluted fractions successively, makes pillar regenerate simultaneously;
(3) purifying of cordycepin: adopt high performance liquid phase HPLC column to carry out purifying thick for step (2) gained cordycepin, obtain cordycepin;
Described methanol aqueous solution is the methanol aqueous solution of volume percent 5-30%; ODS packing material size is less than or equal to 150 μm; After Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. solid deserted medium or thalline sample comminution, water mixes with the ratio of 1:20 by volume in described step (1), after mixing, at room temperature lixiviate 24 hours, filters after lixiviate, and filter residue repeats said extracted 1 time, gained filtrate is merged, obtains crude extract;
In described step (2), above-mentioned steps (1) gained crude extract is filtered, filtrate is adsorbed through anti-phase ODS filled column, often liter of filtrate adds the filler of 40g, then use methanol aqueous solution and the methanol-eluted fractions of the water of 8-12 column volume, a 9-13 column volume successively, make pillar regenerate simultaneously;
Described methanol aqueous solution is the methanol aqueous solution of volume percent 10-20%; ODS packing material size 40-60 μm.
2. by the method for extraction cordycepin according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: after Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. solid deserted medium or thalline sample comminution, water mixes with the ratio of 1:10-20 by volume in described step (1), at room temperature lixiviate 12-24 hour after mixing, filter after lixiviate, filter residue repeats said extracted 2-3 time, gained filtrate is merged, obtains crude extract.
3. by the method for extraction cordycepin according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (2), above-mentioned steps (1) gained crude extract is filtered, filtrate is adsorbed through anti-phase ODS filled column, often liter of filtrate adds the filler of 30-50g, then use methanol aqueous solution and the methanol-eluted fractions of the water of 8-12 column volume, a 8-13 column volume successively, make pillar regenerate simultaneously;
Described methanol aqueous solution is the methanol aqueous solution of volume percent 5-20%; ODS packing material size is less than or equal to 75 μm.
4. by the method for extraction cordycepin according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (2), above-mentioned steps (1) gained crude extract is filtered, filtrate is adsorbed through anti-phase ODS filled column, often liter of filtrate adds the filler of 40g, then use the water of 9 column volumes, the methanol aqueous solution of 11 column volumes and methanol-eluted fractions successively, make pillar regenerate simultaneously;
Described methanol aqueous solution is the methanol aqueous solution of volume percent 10%; ODS packing material size 50 μm.
5., by the method for extraction cordycepin according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step (3) high performance liquid phase HPLC column carries out purification condition, determined wavelength is 220-300nm, and moving phase is 5-50% methanol aqueous solution.
6. by the method for extraction cordycepin according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described step (3) high performance liquid phase HPLC column carries out purification condition, determined wavelength is 220 and/or 260nm, and moving phase is 10-25% methanol aqueous solution.
7. by the method for extraction cordycepin according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described step (3) high performance liquid phase HPLC column carries out purification condition, determined wavelength is 220 and/or 260nm, and moving phase is 15% methanol aqueous solution.
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| CN103751225B (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2016-01-20 | 图克（天津）医药科技有限公司 | The extracting method of Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link. antitumor component and application thereof |
| CN103800385B (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2016-05-04 | 正源堂（天津）生物科技有限公司 | From Cordyceps militaris, extract method and the application thereof of cordycepin component |
| CN104788521A (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2015-07-22 | 北京电子科技职业学院 | Method for rapidly separating cordycepin from fermentation broth |
| CN106616945A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-10 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Postbiotic and probiotic compound taking cordyceps adenosine as substrate and preparation method of postbiotic and probiotic compound |
| CN109463729A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-15 | 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 | The preparation method of Cordyceps militaris extract, functional food |
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