CN102970097B - Delay distribution estimation device and delay distribution estimation method - Google Patents
Delay distribution estimation device and delay distribution estimation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A signal transmitted by a transmitter with a transmission symbol (St) composed of a frame header (Hf) obtained by adding portions of the head (Lpre) and end (Lpost) of a known pseudo random (PN) sequence before and after a PN sequence, and an effective symbol (Se) including information to be transmitted as a transmission unit is received through a transmission line, correlation sequences between two PN sequences (Tf and Tb) and a received signal (Rs) respectively constituting a portion of the frame header (Hf) are calculated, instantaneous power of correlation values to which the respective correlation sequences correspond is compared, and a correlation value with small instantaneous power is outputted as an estimation result of a delay profile.
Description
The divisional application of the application for a patent for invention (applying date: on 04 10th, 2009, denomination of invention: postpone distribution estimation unit and postpone distribution estimation method) of the application to be original bill application number be No.200910129955.6.
Technical field
The present invention relates to delay distribution estimation unit and the method for the delay distribution of transmission path estimation.
Background technology
In received terrestrial digital broadcasting, the reflection that the electric wave exported from transmitter is subject to being caused by barriers such as buildings, diffraction, scattering, so Received signal strength produces distortion.In receivers, in order to realize the good receptivity of reliability, needing the delay distribution carrying out transmission path estimation according to Received signal strength, and using this estimated result to carry out the distortion of corrected received signal.As the method that the delay of transmission path estimation distributes, have and insert the method for pseudorandom (PN) sequence as known signal in transmitter.
In the received terrestrial digital broadcasting mode of China, transmitter generates frame head, the transmitted symbol be made up of this frame head and the effective code element comprising the information that will send is sent as unit of transfer, wherein, this frame head has and is attached to after this PN sequence by the sequence of specific length the beginning from known pseudorandom (PN) sequence, and the sequence of specific length the end from this PN sequence is attached to the structure before this PN sequence.
Receiver carrys out estimated delay distribution according to correlated series, and this correlated series is by obtaining Received signal strength with predetermined sample frequency known the relevant of PN sequence that the sample sequence that obtains produces to oneself of carrying out sampling according to each sample calculation.When the PN sequence comprised in Received signal strength and the pattern (pattern) of the PN sequence oneself produced in receiver are completely the same, correlated results is sharp-pointed peak.Its peak value is the value be directly proportional to the incoming level of incoming wave.But, when a part for the PN sequence comprised in Received signal strength is consistent with the pattern of a part for the PN sequence that oneself produces, produce unnecessary relevant peaks.This unnecessary relevant peaks is in the position leaving the known PN sequence length in this center when centered by the relevant peaks corresponding with incoming wave, and the value of unnecessary relevant peaks is uniquely determined according to the incoming level of incoming wave.
By the unnecessary relevant peaks comprised in the sample sequence removing Received signal strength and the correlated series of known PN sequence oneself produced, delay can be obtained and distribute.Non-patent literature 1 describes a kind of method, detects maximum correlation from correlated series, from be in the correlated results of the position of this correlation distance PN sequence length deduct the value of unnecessary relevant peaks.
[non-patent literature 1] Guanghui Liu; " ITD-DFE Based Channel Estimation andEqualization in TDS-OFDM Receivers ", IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Vol.53; No.2, pp.304-309(the 305th page)
But, when utilizing method in the past to estimate the delay distribution of multi-path transmission paths, according to the sample sequence of Received signal strength and the correlated series of known PN sequence that oneself produces, search for the relevant peaks corresponding with incoming wave, from with the correlated results of this relevant peaks apart from the position of known PN sequence length deduct the value of unnecessary relevant peaks, this process needs the quantity time repeating incoming wave, there is the problem that amount of calculation increases.
And, in multi-path transmission paths, when exist with the due in of main ripple be benchmark, the delay-time difference progressive wave equal with the length of known PN sequence and when postponing ripple, the correlation peak corresponding with main ripple detected the method in the past of utilization adds leading ripple and postpones the unnecessary correlation peak that waveguide causes, so there is the problem of the estimated accuracy deterioration postponing distribution.
Summary of the invention
It is the signal that unit of transfer carries out sending that delay of the present invention distribution estimation unit to receive by transmitter via transmission path with transmitted symbol, the sample sequence obtained according to being carried out sampling with predetermined sample frequency by Received signal strength carrys out the delay distribution of transmission path estimation, wherein, transmitted symbol is made up of frame head and the effective code element comprising the information that will send, frame head has and is attached to after this PN sequence by the sequence of the specific length of the beginning of known pseudorandom (PN) sequence, the sequence of the specific length at the end of this PN sequence is attached to the structure before this PN sequence, it is characterized in that, this delay distribution estimation unit has: the 1st and 2PN sequence generating unit, it generates the different PN sequence of two an of part that form frame head respectively, 1st correlation calculation unit, it calculates relevant between PN sequence and the sample sequence of Received signal strength generated by described 1PN sequence generating unit, 2nd correlation calculation unit, it calculates relevant between PN sequence and the sample sequence of Received signal strength generated by described 2PN sequence generating unit, with Distribution Value computing unit, it carrys out estimated delay distribution according to two correlated serieses obtained by the described 1st and the 2nd correlation calculation unit, the instantaneous power of described Distribution Value computing unit to the correlation of the mutual correspondence of two correlated serieses exported from the described 1st and the 2nd correlation calculation unit compares, select the correlation that instantaneous power is less, the result selected is exported as delay distribution.
According to the present invention, compared with the method in the past of carrying out reprocessing, the effect that the amount of calculation required for estimated delay distribution reduces can be obtained.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the delay distribution estimation unit representing embodiments of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 (a) and (b) are the figure of the structure of the transmission signal represented in embodiments of the present invention 1 and the execution mode 2 and figure of expression frame head Hf.
Fig. 3 (a) and (b) are the figure together illustrated by the PN sequence Tf used in embodiments of the present invention 1 and frame head Hf.
Fig. 4 (a) and (b) are the figure together illustrated by the PN sequence Tb used in embodiments of the present invention 1 and frame head Hf.
Fig. 5 (a) and (b) are the correlated series Rf(k representing Received signal strength Rs in embodiments of the present invention 1 and PN sequence Tf) figure.
Fig. 6 (a) and (b) are the correlated series Rb(k representing Received signal strength Rs in embodiments of the present invention 1 and PN sequence Tb) figure.
Fig. 7 (a) and (b) represent the correlated series Rf(k-165 for estimated delay distribution in embodiments of the present invention 1) and figure Rb(k).
Fig. 8 is the figure of the estimated result of the delay distribution representing embodiments of the present invention 1.
Fig. 9 is the block diagram of the delay distribution estimation unit representing embodiments of the present invention 2.
Figure 10 (a) ~ (d) is the figure 3 the PN sequence T1 used in embodiments of the present invention 2, T2, T3 and frame head Hf together illustrated.
Figure 11 (a) ~ (c) is the figure of the correlated results representing PN sequence and the Received signal strength Rs used in embodiments of the present invention 2.
Figure 12 (a) ~ (d) is the Received signal strength Rs of the three wave mode transmission paths represented in embodiments of the present invention 2, the figure with the correlated results of the PN sequence T1 generated by 1PN sequence generating unit 11.
Figure 13 (a) ~ (d) is the Received signal strength Rs of the 3 wave mode transmission paths represented in embodiments of the present invention 2, the figure with the correlated results of the PN sequence T2 generated by 2PN sequence generating unit 12.
Figure 14 (a) ~ (d) is the Received signal strength Rs of the 3 wave mode transmission paths represented in embodiments of the present invention 2, the figure with the correlated results of the PN sequence T3 generated by 3PN sequence generating unit 13.
Label declaration
1 1PN sequence generating unit; 2 the 1st correlation calculation unit; 3 2PN sequence generating unit; 4 the 2nd correlation calculation unit; 5 delay cells; 6 the 1st instantaneous power computing units; 7 the 2nd instantaneous power computing units; 8 minimum power search units; 9 minimum power selected cells; 10 Distribution Value computing units; 11 1PN sequence generating unit; 12 2PN sequence generating unit; 13 3PN sequence generating unit; 14 the 1st correlation calculation unit; 15 the 2nd correlation calculation unit; 16 the 3rd correlation calculation unit; 17 Distribution Value computing units.
Embodiment
Execution mode 1
Fig. 1 represents the delay distribution estimation unit of embodiments of the present invention 1.Illustrated delay distribution estimation unit has 1PN sequence generating unit 1, the 1st correlation calculation unit 2,2PN sequence generating unit 3, the 2nd correlation calculation unit 4, delay cell 5, the 1st instantaneous power computing unit 6, the 2nd instantaneous power computing unit 7, minimum power search unit 8 and minimum power selected cell 9.
Delay distribution estimation unit shown in Fig. 1 is transfused to Received signal strength Rs is carried out with predetermined sample frequency the sequence obtained of sampling.In the present embodiment, transmission signal is set to the signal of the form specified according to non-patent literature 1.Fig. 2 (a) represents the structure of this transmission signal.The signal that transmission signal is is unit of transfer with transmitted symbol St, this transmitted symbol St comprises by the frame head Hf of the PN Sequence composition specified and the effective code element Se comprising the information that will send.As shown in Fig. 2 (b), the beginning Lpre sample that frame head Hf has length the PN sequence Td being the regulation of Lm sample is attached to after the PN sequence Td of regulation, the structure before the PN sequence Td end Lpost sample of the PN sequence Td of regulation being attached to regulation.
The 1PN sequence generating unit 1 of the delay distribution estimation unit shown in Fig. 1, as shown in Fig. 3 (a), generates the PN sequence Tf of the beginning Lm sample of frame head Hf.
1st correlation calculation unit 2 calculates relevant between PN sequence Tf and the sample sequence of Received signal strength Rs generated by 1PN sequence generating unit 1, thus obtains correlated series Rf(k).
2PN sequence generating unit 3 as shown in Figure 4 (a), generates the PN sequence Tb of the end Lm sample of frame head Hf.
2nd correlation calculation unit 4 calculates relevant between PN sequence Tb and the sample sequence of Received signal strength Rs generated by 2PN sequence generating unit 3, thus obtains correlated series Rb(k).
Delay cell 5 makes the correlated series Rf(k exported from the 1st correlation calculation unit 2) postpone Lpre+Lpost sample interval, output delay correlated series Rf(k-d).
1st instantaneous power computing unit 6 calculates the correlated series Rf(k-d exported from delay cell 5) square value be directly proportional of correlation of each k value of instantaneous power (to correlated series Rf(k-d) of each correlation).
2nd instantaneous power computing unit 7 calculates the correlated series Rb(k exported from the 2nd correlation calculation unit 4) square value be directly proportional of correlation of each k value of instantaneous power (to correlated series Rb(k) of each correlation).
Minimum power search unit 8 searches for a side less the instantaneous power exported from the 1st instantaneous power computing unit 6 and the 2nd instantaneous power computing unit 7.
Minimum power selected cell 9 is according to the Search Results of minimum power search unit 8, correlated series Rf(k-d from being exported by delay cell 5) and the correlated series Rb(k that exported by the 2nd correlation calculation unit 4), a side in the correlation of the correlation (correlated series Rf(k-d) that selection instantaneous power is less and corresponding k value Rb(k)), export as estimated delay distribution (value for corresponding k value).
Utilize above-mentioned delay cell 5, the 1st instantaneous power computing unit 6, the 2nd instantaneous power computing unit 7, minimum power search unit 8 and minimum power selected cell 9 to form Distribution Value computing unit 10, this Distribution Value computing unit 10 is according to the correlated series Rf(k obtained by the 1st correlation unit 2) and the correlated series Rb(k that obtained by the 2nd correlation calculation unit 4) carry out estimated delay distribution.
Below carry out more specific description.First, the correlated series Rf(k obtained by the 1st correlation calculation unit 2 in Fig. 1 is described).
Fig. 5 (a) represents the correlated series exported from the 1st correlation calculation unit 2.At this, suppose that transmission path does not exist multipath, the structure of frame head Hf is set to Lm=255, Lpre=82, the Lpost=83 identical with non-patent literature 1.
Rf(k) be as shown in Figure 3 (b) with the beginning sample of PN sequence Tf for benchmark and make the beginning sample shift k sample of the frame head Hf comprised in Received signal strength Rs time, calculate the relevant result obtained of these sequences.
In Fig. 3 (b), when k=0, the PN sequence comprised in Received signal strength Rs is completely the same with the PN sequence Tf generated by 1PN sequence generating unit 1, so in Fig. 5 (a), can obtain the correlation peak with the amplitude be directly proportional to incoming level when k=0.
Further, in Fig. 3 (b), when k=255, a part for the PN sequence comprised in Received signal strength Rs is consistent with the part of the PN sequence Tf generated by 1PN sequence generating unit, so in Fig. 5 (a), produces unnecessary relevant peaks when k=255.
Fig. 5 (b) represents when two wave pattern transmission paths from the correlated series Rf(k that the 1st correlation calculation unit 2 exports).At this, suppose that the time of delay of delay ripple is 200 samples, D/U is 6 [dB].In the drawings, there is the relevant peaks corresponding with main ripple when k=0, there is the relevant peaks corresponding with postponing ripple when k=200, there is unnecessary peak in the position leaving 255 at each peak relative.
Below, the correlated series Rb(k obtained by the 2nd correlation calculation unit 4 in Fig. 1 is described).Fig. 6 (a) represents the correlated series Rb(k exported from the 2nd correlation calculation unit 4).As shown in Figure 4 (b), Rb(k) be with the beginning sample of PN sequence Tb for benchmark and make the beginning sample shift k sample of the frame head Hf comprised in Received signal strength Rs time, calculate the relevant result obtained of these sequences.In figure 4 (b), when k=165, the PN sequence comprised in Received signal strength Rs is completely the same with the PN sequence Tb generated by 2PN sequence generating unit 3, so in figure 6 (a), can obtain the correlation peak with the amplitude be directly proportional to incoming level when k=165.Further, in figure 4 (b), when k=-90, a part for the PN sequence comprised in Received signal strength Rs is consistent with the part of the PN sequence Tb generated by 2PN sequence generating unit 3, so in figure 6 (a), produces unnecessary relevant peaks when k=-90.
Fig. 6 (b) represent from during two wave pattern transmission paths from the 2nd correlation calculation unit 4 export correlated series Rb(k).At this, suppose that the time of delay of delay ripple is 200 samples, D/U is 6 [dB].In the drawings, there is the relevant peaks corresponding with main ripple when k=165, there is the relevant peaks corresponding with postponing ripple when k=365, there is unnecessary peak in the position leaving 255 at each peak relative.
Comparison diagram 5(b) and Fig. 6 (b), correlated series Rb(k from the 2nd correlation calculation unit 4 exports) the relevant peaks corresponding with main ripple that comprise, compare the correlated series Rf(k exported from the 1st correlation calculation unit 2) the relevant peaks corresponding with main ripple that comprise, postpone 165 sample intervals (that is, (Lpre+Lpost) sample interval) to export.Further, can say for to postpone peak corresponding to ripple also identical.Therefore, the delay cell 5 of the delay distribution estimation unit shown in Fig. 1 is in order to make two correlated series Rf(k), Rb(k) in the main ripple that comprises correspond to each other (producing) with the position at the peak postponing ripple simultaneously, make the sequence Rf(k exported from the 1st correlation calculation unit 2) postpone 165 sample intervals, and obtain correlated series Rf(k-165).Its result, as shown in Fig. 7 (a) He (b), forms correlated series Rf(k-d)=Rf(k-165) and correlated series Rb(k) the relevant peaks of value corresponding main ripple and delay ripple respectively of k=165 and k=365.
As shown in Fig. 7 (a) He (b), although the correlated series Rf(k-165 from delay cell exports) and the correlated series Rb(k that exports from the 2nd correlation calculation unit 4) comprise with main to involve the position postponing relevant peaks corresponding to ripple mutually corresponding, but between two correlated serieses, the position of unnecessary relevant peaks is not corresponding.That is, the position of unnecessary in the correlated series of side relevant peaks, becomes very little correlation in the correlated series of the opposing party.
In the delay distribution estimation unit shown in Fig. 1, the 1st instantaneous power computing unit 6 and the 2nd instantaneous power computing unit 7 calculate the correlated series Rf(k-165 exported from delay cell 5 respectively) and the correlated series Rb(k that exports from the 2nd correlation calculation unit 4) square value Pf(k-165 be directly proportional of instantaneous power (to Rf(k-165) of each correlation) to Rb(k) square value Pb(k be directly proportional)).Then, minimum power search unit 8 searches for a side less the instantaneous power exported from the 1st and 2 instantaneous power computing units 6,7, based on this Search Results, minimum power selected cell 9 is selected and is exported Rf(k-165) and Rb(k) in instantaneous power Pf(k-165), Pb(k) less correlation.This selection is carried out according to each value of k.By carrying out above-mentioned selection successively to whole k, the delay distribution shown in Fig. 8 can be obtained.
As mentioned above, execution mode 1 delay distribution estimation unit need not carry out reprocessing can estimated delay distribution.Its result, compared with method in the past, has the effect that the amount of calculation required for estimated delay distribution reduces.
Execution mode 2
Fig. 9 represents the delay distribution estimation unit of embodiments of the present invention 2.Illustrated delay distribution estimation unit has 1PN sequence generating unit 11,2PN sequence generating unit 12,3PN sequence generating unit 13, the 1st correlation calculation unit 14, the 2nd correlation calculation unit 15, the 3rd correlation calculation unit 16 and Distribution Value computing unit 17.
The signal being input to the delay distribution estimation unit shown in Fig. 9 is that Received signal strength Rs is carried out with predetermined sample frequency the sequence obtained of sampling.Transmission signal and frame head are the signals with execution mode 1 same form.
In Figure 10 (a) ~ (d), by by the 1st in Fig. 9, the 2nd and routine T1, T2, T3 of PN sequence of generating of 3PN sequence generating unit 11,12,13 and frame head Hf together illustrate.
1PN sequence generating unit 11 is according to shown in Figure 10 (d), generate following length (length by sample number counting) the PN sequence T1 of S1b, such as 290 samples, described length S1b be from the beginning number of the frame head Hf of Figure 10 (a) the 1st predetermined number C1a such as the 15th sample to the length of the 2nd predetermined number C1b such as the 305th sample.S1c is utilized to represent length from the tail end of PN sequence T1 to the tail end of frame head Hf (length by hits counting).S1c utilizes following formula to represent.
S1c＝Lm＋Lpre＋Lpost－C1a－S1b ......（1a）
2PN sequence generating unit 12 is according to shown in Figure 10 (c), generate following length (length by hits counting) the PN sequence T2 of S2b, such as 250 samples, described length S2b be from the beginning number of frame head Hf the 3rd predetermined number C2a such as the 55th sample to the length of the 4th predetermined number C2b such as the 305th sample.S2c is utilized to represent length from the tail end of PN sequence T2 to the tail end of frame head Hf (length by hits counting).S2c utilizes following formula to represent.
S2c＝Lm＋Lpre＋Lpost－C2a－S2b ......（1b）
3PN sequence generating unit 13 is according to shown in Figure 10 (b), generate following length (length by hits counting) the PN sequence T3 of S3b, such as 200 samples, described length S3b be from the beginning number of frame head Hf the 5th predetermined number C3a such as the 80th sample to the length of the 6th predetermined number C3b such as the 280th sample.S3c is utilized to represent length from the tail end of PN sequence T3 to the tail end of frame head Hf (length by hits counting).S3c utilizes following formula to represent.
S3c＝Lm＋Lpre＋Lpost－C3a－S3b ......（1c）
C1a, C2a, C3a, S1b, S2b, S3b are set to meet following formula (2a) ~ (4c).
S1b＞(Lm-Lpre-Lpost) …(2a)
S2b＞(Lm-Lpre-Lpost) …(2b)
S3b＞(Lm-Lpre-Lpost) …(2c)
C1a+S1b＞Lm …(3a)
C2a+S2b＞Lm …(3b)
C3a+S3b＞Lm …(3c)
S1b+S1c＞Lm …(4a)
S2b+S2c＞Lm …(4b)
S3b+S3c＞Lm …(4c)
The sample sequence that Figure 11 (a) ~ (c) represents Received signal strength Rs respectively with by the 1st, the 2nd, PN sequence T1 that 3PN sequence generating unit 11,12,13 generates, T2, T3 correlated series R1(k), R2(k), R3(k).At this, be assumed to be the transmission path that there is not multipath.
Learn according to Figure 11 (a) ~ (c), centered by the position k=0 of the relevant peaks R1a corresponding with incoming wave, R2a, R3a, k=± 255, the position place of Bing Jugai center 255 sample, produce unnecessary relevant peaks R1b, R1c, R2b, R2c, R3b, R3c.
Unnecessary relevant peaks R1c, R2c, R3c are due to when forming frame head Hf, the sequence of specific length Lpre beginning from PN sequence is attached to producing of this PN sequence below, unnecessary relevant peaks R1b, R2b, R3b are due to when forming frame head Hf, the sequence of specific length Lpost the end from PN sequence are attached to generation this PN sequence before.
Relevant peaks R1a, R2a, R3a, R1b, R1c, R2b, R2c, R3b, R3c utilize following formula (5a) ~ (7c) to represent respectively.
R1a＝S1b …(5a)
R1b＝Lpre+Lpost-C1a …(5b)
R1c＝Lpre+Lpost-S1c …(5c)
R2a＝S2b …(6a)
R2b＝Lpre+Lpost-C2a …(6b)
R2c＝Lpre+Lpost-S2c …(6c)
R3a＝S3b …(7a)
R3b＝Lpre+Lpost-C3a …(7b)
R3c＝Lpre+Lpost-S3c …(7c)
As shown in Figure 11 (a) shows, the correlated series R1(k of Received signal strength Rs and PN sequence T1) in the value R1a of the relevant peaks corresponding with incoming wave be 290, the value R1c at unnecessary peak, R1b are 50 and 150.
Further, as shown in Figure 11 (b), the correlated series R2(k of Received signal strength Rs and PN sequence T2) in the value R2a of the relevant peaks corresponding with incoming wave be 250, the value R2c at unnecessary peak, the value of R2b are 50 and 110.
As shown in Figure 11 (c), the correlated series R3(k of Received signal strength Rs and PN sequence T3) in the value R3a of the relevant peaks corresponding with incoming wave be 200, the value R3c at unnecessary peak, R3b are 25 and 85.
When multi-path transmission paths, receive multiple incoming wave in the lump.This Received signal strength Rs and the relevant calculating formula between PN sequence utilize following formula (8) to represent.
Wherein, r(i) represent the sample sequence of Received signal strength, r
j(i) represent the sample sequence of a jth incoming wave, pn(i) represent PN sequence, M represents the length of PN sequence, and L represents the quantity of incoming wave.
Last column of formula (8) represents the correlation of signal and the PN sequence receiving multiple incoming wave in the lump, with to be added each incoming wave to whole incoming wave equal with the value that the correlated results of PN sequence obtains.
Figure 12 (a) represents correlated series R1 (k) of Received signal strength Rs and the PN sequence T1 to be generated by 1PN sequence generating unit 11, Figure 13 (a) represents correlated series R2 (k) of Received signal strength Rs and the PN sequence T2 to be generated by 2PN sequence generating unit 12, and Figure 14 (a) represents correlated series R3 (k) of Received signal strength Rs and the PN sequence T3 generated by 3PN sequence generating unit 13.
At this, suppose it is three-wave model transmission path, as the incoming wave that will receive, suppose that the 1st delay ripple that the length (255 sample) comprising main ripple, relatively main ripple postpones the PN sequence Td of regulation receives and the 2 times (510 samples) that relative main ripple postpones the length of the PN sequence Td specified receive the 2nd postpones ripple.Suppose that this situation is because as illustrated in summary of the invention part, when exist with the due in of main ripple be benchmark, the delay-time difference leading ripple equal with the length of known PN sequence and when postponing ripple, the correlation peak corresponding with main ripple that the method in the past of utilization detects is coupled with because of leading ripple and postpones the unnecessary correlation peak that waveguide causes, so there is the problem of the estimated accuracy deterioration postponing distribution, and disclose the means that can address this is that in the present invention.
The incoming level main ripple, the 1st being postponed ripple and the 2nd delay ripple is set to α, β, γ respectively.
According to formula (8), the correlated series R1(k shown in Figure 12 (a)) utilize the incoming wave of 3 shown in Figure 12 (b) ~ (d) (main ripple, the 1st postpones ripple and the 2nd and postpones ripple) to represent with the correlated series sum of PN sequence T1 respectively.
In fig. 12 (a), such as this is 255 equal with the length (utilizing sample number to represent) of PN sequence Td of regulation for k=255(, and with the 1st to postpone ripple equal relative to the time of delay (utilizing sample number to represent) postponing ripple the time of delay (utilizing sample number to represent) and the 2nd of main ripple relative to the 1st and postpone ripple) correlation R1(255), utilize to postpone ripple corresponding correlation peak 290 β with the 1st, lead involve the 2nd unnecessary correlation peak 150 α postponing that waveguide causes, 50 γ sums (150 α+290 β+50 γ) represent.
And, the correlation R1(0 of k=0) utilize correlation peak 290 α corresponding with main ripple, postpone the unnecessary correlation peak 50 β sum (290 α+50 β) that waveguide causes with the 1st and represent, the correlation R1(510 of k=510) utilize correspondence the 2nd postpone ripple correlation peak 290 γ, and the 1st postpone the unnecessary correlation peak 150 β sum (150 β+290 γ) that waveguide causes and represent.
Equally, the correlated series R2(k shown in Figure 13 (a)) utilize the incoming wave of 3 shown in Figure 13 (b) ~ (d) (main ripple, the 1st postpones ripple and the 2nd and postpones ripple) to represent with the correlated series sum of PN sequence T2 respectively.
Equally, the correlated series R3(k shown in Figure 14 (a)) utilize the incoming wave of 3 shown in Figure 14 (b) ~ (d) (main ripple, the 1st postpones ripple and the 2nd and postpones ripple) to represent with the correlated series sum of PN sequence T3 respectively.
As shown in Figure 12 (a), Figure 13 (a) He Figure 14 (a), the correlated series R1(k of Received signal strength Rs and PN sequence T1) each correlation, be likely the unnecessary correlation peak sum that the peak value corresponding with incoming wave and other incoming waves cause.Therefore, it is possible to use 3 variable x, y, z, following formula (9a) is utilized to represent the Received signal strength of arbitrary k and the correlated results R1(k of PN sequence T1).
150x＋290y＋50z＝R1（k）......（9a）
Herein, in formula (9a), the 2nd, the left side " 290y " represents R1(k) in the correlation peak corresponding with incoming wave that comprise, the 1st, the left side " 150x " represent with above-mentioned incoming wave be benchmark, the unnecessary correlation peak that causes of signal that arrives of advanced 255 samples, the 3rd, the left side " 50z " represent with above-mentioned incoming wave be benchmark, the unnecessary correlation peak that causes of the signal that arrives of delayed 255 samples.That is, the value (290) be multiplied with y is the correlation peak R1a corresponding with incoming wave comprised in the correlated series shown in Figure 11 (a), and the value be multiplied with x, z (150,50) is unnecessary peak value R1b, the R1c shown in Figure 11 (a).
The correlated results R2(k of Received signal strength Rs and PN sequence T2, T3), R3(k) and the correlated results R1(k of Received signal strength Rs and PN sequence T1) same, also can utilize following formula (9b), (9c) represent.
110x＋250y＋50z＝R2（k）......（9b）
85x＋200y＋25z＝R3（k）......（9c）
Wherein, x, z represent the incoming level of the incoming wave causing unnecessary relevant peaks, and y represents the incoming level of desired incoming wave.Namely, the value (250) be multiplied with the y in formula (9b) is the correlation peak R2a corresponding with incoming wave comprised in the correlated series shown in Figure 11 (b), the value (110,50) be multiplied with x, z is unnecessary peak value R2b, the R2c shown in Figure 11 (b), the value (200) be multiplied with the y in formula (9c) is the correlation peak R3a corresponding with incoming wave comprised in the correlated series shown in Figure 11 (c), and the value be multiplied with x, the z in formula (9c) (85,25) is unnecessary peak value R3b, the R3c shown in Figure 11 (c).
Formula (9a), (9b), (9c) are simultaneous equationss x, y, z being set to known variables.
If the peak value shown in Figure 11 (a) ~ (c) is replaced into the mark shown in this figure, and by formula (9a) ~ (9c) vague generalization, then obtain following formula (10a) ~ (10c).
R1b·x+R1a·y+R1c·z＝R1(k) …(10a)
R2b·x+R2a·y+R2c·z＝R2(k) …(10b)
R3b·x+R3a·y+R3c·z＝R3(k) …(10c)
Following formula represents solution during simultaneous solution formula (9a) ~ (9c).
x＝{15×R1(k)-11×R2(k)-8×R3(k)}/360 …(11a)
y＝{-3×R1(k)+R2(k)+4×R3(k)}/180 …(11b)
z＝{-15×R1(k)+107×R2(k)-112×R3(k)}/1800
…(11c)
Distribution Value computing unit 17 in Fig. 9 from the 1st, the 2nd and the 3rd correlation calculation unit 14,15,16 export correlation R1(k), R2(k), R3(k) substitute into formula (11a), (11b), (11c), obtain the solution of simultaneous solution formula (9a), (9b), (9c) for each sample.Further, the y that these 3 are separated in x, y, z is exported as the estimated result postponing distribution.
Such as, when there is an incoming wave (the main ripple of 3 shown in Figure 12 (b) ~ (d), 1st postpones ripple, 2nd postpones ripple) time, Figure 12 (a), Figure 13 (a), shown in Figure 14 (a), from the 1st, 2nd and the 3rd correlation calculation unit 14, 15, the 16 correlated series R1(k exported), R2(k), R3(k) the correlated results R1(0 in during k=0) (=290 α+50 β), R2(0) (=250 α+50 β), R3(0) (=200 α+25 β) substitutes into formula (11a), (11b), (11c), then x=0, y=α, z=β, y becomes the incoming level of main ripple.
Further, the correlated results R1(255 during k=255), R2(255), R3(255) substitute into formula (11a), (11b), (11c), then x=α, y=β, z=γ, y become the incoming level that the 1st postpones ripple.
Correlated results R1(510 during k=510), R2(510), R3(510) substitute into formula (11a), (11b), (11c), then x=β, y=γ, z=0, y become the incoming level that the 2nd postpones ripple.
Further, not existing in the scope of relevant peaks, correlated results becomes very little value, so x, y, z is all the less value of convergence 0.
Be explained above the peak value R1a of correlation, R1b, R1c, R2a, R2b, R2c, R3a, R3b, R3c is the situation of the value shown in Figure 11 (a) ~ (c), but, in general, simultaneous formula 10(a) ~ (c) solve about y, generate peak value R1a ~ R3c and correlated series R1(k), R2(k), R3(k) as variable, represent the formula (formula identical with formula (11b)) of y, the correlated series R1(k for any k is substituted into) in the formula generated like this, R2(k), R3(k) value, obtain the value of the delay distribution of this k thus.The sequence of the value that whole k obtains is become and postpones distribution y(k).
As mentioned above, when the delay ripple that the delay-time difference that there is relatively main ripple is equal with set PN sequence length, the delay distribution estimation unit of execution mode 2 also can remove unnecessary relevant peaks, accurate estimated delay distribution.In other words, unnecessary relevant peaks can be removed, only export the relevant peaks corresponding with incoming wave.Further, need not carry out reprocessing can distribute by estimated delay, so compared with method in the past, has the effect that amount of calculation reduces.
In addition, amount of calculation can both be reduced in embodiments of the present invention 1 and execution mode 2, so can the energy consumption of cutting device.
Claims (4)
1. one kind postpones distribution estimation unit, it receives by transmitter via transmission path is the signal that unit of transfer carries out sending with transmitted symbol, the sample sequence obtained according to being carried out sampling with predetermined sample frequency by Received signal strength carrys out the delay distribution of transmission path estimation, wherein, described transmitted symbol is made up of frame head and the effective code element comprising the information that will send, described frame head has and is attached to after this pseudo random sequence by the sequence of the specific length of the beginning of known pseudo random sequence, the sequence of the specific length at the end of this pseudo random sequence is attached to the structure before this pseudo random sequence, it is characterized in that, described delay distribution estimation unit has:
1st, the 2nd and the 3rd pseudo random sequence generation unit, it generates and forms the different pseudo random sequence of 3 an of part for frame head respectively;
1st correlation calculation unit, its calculate by described 1st pseudo random sequence generation unit generate pseudo random sequence and the sample sequence of Received signal strength between relevant;
2nd correlation calculation unit, its calculate by described 2nd pseudo random sequence generation unit generate pseudo random sequence and the sample sequence of Received signal strength between relevant;
3rd correlation calculation unit, its calculate by described 3rd pseudo random sequence generation unit generate pseudo random sequence and the sample sequence of Received signal strength between relevant; With
Distribution Value computing unit, it carrys out estimated delay distribution according to 3 correlated serieses obtained by described 1st, the 2nd and the 3rd correlation calculation unit,
Described Distribution Value computing unit carrys out estimated delay distribution according to the correlation of the mutual correspondence of 3 correlated serieses exported from described 1st, the 2nd and the 3rd correlation calculation unit;
The length Sb of described pseudo random sequence meets following formula:
Sb>Lm–Lpre–Lpost；
Sc＝Lm+Lpre+Lpost–Ca–Sb；
Ca+Sb>Lm；
Sb+Sc>Lm；
Wherein, Lm is the length of described known pseudo random sequence, Lpre is the length of the sequence of the specific length of the beginning of described known pseudo random sequence, Lpost is the length of the sequence of the specific length at the end of described known pseudo random sequence, Ca is predetermined number, and Sc represents the length from the tail end of described pseudo random sequence to the tail end of described frame head.
2. delay distribution estimation unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, according to peak below, described Distribution Value computing unit estimates that described delay distributes:
From the relevant peaks corresponding with incoming wave and the 1st and the 2nd unnecessary relevant peaks of the correlated series of described 1st correlation calculation unit output;
From the relevant peaks corresponding with incoming wave and the 1st and the 2nd unnecessary relevant peaks of the correlated series of described 2nd correlation calculation unit output; With
From the relevant peaks corresponding with incoming wave and the 1st and the 2nd unnecessary relevant peaks of the correlated series of described 3rd correlation calculation unit output,
Described 1st unnecessary relevant peaks is due to when forming described frame head, the sequence of the specific length at end in described pseudo random sequence is attached to produce before this pseudo random sequence,
Described 2nd unnecessary relevant peaks is due to when forming described frame head, the sequence of the specific length started in described pseudo random sequence is attached to produce after this pseudo random sequence.
3. delay distribution estimation unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Distribution Value computing unit calculates the value of the y when simultaneous solution following formula, as the described value postponing distribution,
R1b·x+R1a·y+R1c·z＝R1(k)
R2b·x+R2a·y+R2c·z＝R2(k)
R3b·x+R3a·y+R3c·z＝R3(k)
This formula makes peak below be associated:
From the relevant peaks R1a corresponding with incoming wave and the 1st and the 2nd unnecessary relevant peaks R1b, the R1c of correlated series R1 (k) of described 1st correlation calculation unit output;
From the relevant peaks R2a corresponding with incoming wave and the 1st and the 2nd unnecessary relevant peaks R2b, the R2c of correlated series R2 (k) of described 2nd correlation calculation unit output; With
From the relevant peaks R3a corresponding with incoming wave and the 1st and the 2nd unnecessary relevant peaks R3b, the R3c of correlated series R3 (k) of described 3rd correlation calculation unit output.
4. one kind postpones distribution estimation method, receiving by transmitter via transmission path is the signal that unit of transfer carries out sending with transmitted symbol, the sample sequence obtained according to being carried out sampling with predetermined sample frequency by Received signal strength carrys out the delay distribution of transmission path estimation, wherein, described transmitted symbol is made up of frame head and the effective code element comprising the information that will send, described frame head has and is attached to after this pseudo random sequence by the sequence of the specific length of the beginning of known pseudo random sequence, the sequence of the specific length at the end of this pseudo random sequence is attached to the structure before this pseudo random sequence, it is characterized in that, described delay distribution estimation method comprises the following steps:
1st, the 2nd and the 3rd pseudo random sequence generation step, generates and forms the different pseudo random sequence of 3 an of part for frame head respectively;
1st correlation computations step, calculates relevant between pseudo random sequence and the sample sequence of Received signal strength generated in described 1st pseudo random sequence generation step;
2nd correlation computations step, calculates relevant between pseudo random sequence and the sample sequence of Received signal strength generated in described 2nd pseudo random sequence generation step;
3rd correlation computations step, calculates relevant between pseudo random sequence and the sample sequence of Received signal strength generated in described 3rd pseudo random sequence generation step; With
Distribution Value calculation procedure, carrys out estimated delay distribution according to 3 correlated serieses obtained in described 1st, the 2nd and the 3rd correlation computations step,
In described Distribution Value calculation procedure, carry out estimated delay distribution according to the correlation of the mutual correspondence of 3 correlated serieses exported in described 1st, the 2nd and the 3rd correlation computations step;
The length Sb of described pseudo random sequence meets following formula:
Sb>Lm–Lpre–Lpost；
Sc＝Lm+Lpre+Lpost–Ca–Sb；
Ca+Sb>Lm；
Sb+Sc>Lm；
Wherein, Lm is the length of described known pseudo random sequence, Lpre is the length of the sequence of the specific length of the beginning of described known pseudo random sequence, Lpost is the length of the sequence of the specific length at the end of described known pseudo random sequence, Ca is predetermined number, and Sc represents the length from the tail end of described pseudo random sequence to the tail end of described frame head.
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| JP3286128B2 (en) * | 1995-09-13 | 2002-05-27 | キヤノン株式会社 | Code division multiplex communication method and apparatus |
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| KR101369360B1 (en) * | 2007-09-05 | 2014-03-04 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing receiver's Carrier Frequency Offset synchronization devie and thereof method |
| JP4913081B2 (en) * | 2008-01-22 | 2012-04-11 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Wireless transmission device, wireless reception device, wireless communication system, wireless communication method, wireless transmission method, and wireless reception method |
| JP5042118B2 (en) * | 2008-05-20 | 2012-10-03 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Transmission path estimation apparatus and method |
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| CN1350727A (en) * | 1999-05-10 | 2002-05-22 | 艾利森电话股份有限公司 | Pure delay estimation |
| CN1695316A (en) * | 2002-09-18 | 2005-11-09 | 艾利森电话股份有限公司 | Robust delay estimation architecture |
| WO2004052039A1 (en) * | 2002-12-02 | 2004-06-17 | Nokia Corporation | Estimation of a signal delay |
| CN1719819A (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2006-01-11 | 广州海格通信有限公司 | A kind of improved OFDM time synchronization method based on the PN sequence |
| CN1980205A (en) * | 2005-11-29 | 2007-06-13 | 华为技术有限公司 | Series generating system and method, transmitting and synchronizing method and power regulating system |
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| JP5100536B2 (en) | 2012-12-19 |
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