CN102965171A - Binder special for coal briquette for Lurgi pressurized gasification - Google Patents
Binder special for coal briquette for Lurgi pressurized gasification Download PDFInfo
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- CN102965171A CN102965171A CN2012104705163A CN201210470516A CN102965171A CN 102965171 A CN102965171 A CN 102965171A CN 2012104705163 A CN2012104705163 A CN 2012104705163A CN 201210470516 A CN201210470516 A CN 201210470516A CN 102965171 A CN102965171 A CN 102965171A
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Abstract
The invention relates to coal briquette binders, particularly relates to a binder special for a coal briquette for Lurgi pressurized gasification, and more particularly relates to a binder, which contains silica gel, silica alumina and ammonium carbamate, special for a coal briquette for Lurgi pressurized gasification. The invention further relates to a coal briquette containing the binder and a preparation method of the coal briquette.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of briquette binder, especially relate to a kind of lurgi pressure gasifier usefulness gas moulded coal adhesive special, relate more particularly to a kind of strange formed coal for gasification adhesive special in Shandong that comprises silica gel, siallite, ammonium carbamate; The invention still further relates to the moulded coal that comprises described briquette binder and the preparation method of described moulded coal.
Background technology
The atmospheric fixed bed gas-making type coal technology of present China is comparative maturity.The whole nation is annual uses this gas-making type coal about 1,000 ten thousand tons.Along with the development of gasification technology with the gasification scale, using large-scale pressurized-gasification furnace is a developing direction.Lurgi pressure gasifier relies on its distinctive advantage, is promoted and uses in increasing enterprise.China has about 200 at the lurgi gasifier of operation, all adopts lump coal to do raw material.Also have increasing gasification enterprise future and select lurgi gasifier gas making.
Using lump coal is the lump coal resource-constrained as a shortcoming of raw material, and cost is higher.In addition, except lump coal, also contain the low calorie fuelss such as a large amount of fine coal, coal slime, low-calorie flyash, bone coal, coal gangue in the coal.Above-mentioned low calorie fuels is made moulded coal, can take full advantage of this part low calorie fuels, widen the raw material sources of pressurized-gasification furnace, reduce and pollute.Briquette binder is one of necessary material of forming Type Coal, is the key factor whether moulded coal can be promoted.
Therefore, the special-purpose gas-making type coal of development research lurgi gasifier more and more comes into one's own.Lurgi gasifier uses moulded coal gas making, can take full advantage of resource, effectively reduces raw materials cost, improves the added value of fine coal.Therefore, the development and application of lurgi gasifier gas-making type coal technology is an important directions of shaped coal technology future development.
Prior art has proposed a series of briquette binders:
CN1033863C discloses a kind of briquette binder and preparation method thereof, and described briquette binder is formed by the PVOH acetal aqueous solution and humate hybrid reaction.
CN1057065A discloses a kind of composite coal binder, and wherein said binding agent is comprised of the polyvinyl alcohol of cement and 2-10%.Owing to use cement as adhesive component in this binding agent, so its ash oontent is higher, is not suitable for lurgi gasifier.
CN1037615C discloses a kind of formed coal for gasification, and it is made by the compound binding agent that additive Jingxi district coal gangue and calcium lignin sulphonate form take Jingxi district anthracite fine coal as raw material.This binding agent is applicable to hard coal, and wherein said formed coal for gasification is applicable to small and medium ammonia synthesis plant.
CN1032971C discloses a kind of air-entrained high efficiency briquette, has wherein used briquette binder, and described briquette binder is made of silicate, dilute sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid salt, sodium-chlor, anion surfactant.
CN1033756C discloses a kind of water-proof high-strength briquette binder, and its chemical ingredients is solidifying agent, toughener and activator; Wherein solidifying agent is by MgO and Mg (SO
4)
26H
2O forms; Toughener is by clay pit, ironmaking grain slag, Ca (SO
4)
22H
2O and CaF
2Form, activator is by MgCl
2And H
2O forms.Its raw materials cost is higher, and complicated process of preparation is unsuitable for large-scale industrial application.
CN1034512C discloses a kind of briquette binder, and the carbide slag of its wilkinite by 15-40%, 40-80% and the sparring breeze of 5-30% form.This patent is claimed by the moulded coal igniting of described binding agent preparation, is caught fire easily; But its dropping strength is lower, only is 51.7% (greater than 130 centimetres).
CN100535088C discloses a kind of briquette binder, and it is comprised of super separator coke tar refuse, ammoniacal liquor clarifying tank coke tar refuse and viscid bitumen.Can be found out that by embodiment the cold ball fall strength of briquette of moulded coal of the disclosed binding agent preparation of this patent all is far smaller than 90%.
The briquette binder ash oontent of prior art is high, cohesive strength is not high, the ash fusibility temperature is low or cost is higher.Therefore, the objective of the invention is to develop a kind of briquette binder, in particular for the lurgi pressure gasification briquette binder, it can solve the problem of prior art.Moulded coal with briquette binder preparation of the present invention has the characteristics of high dropping strength, high thermal stability and high ash fusion temperature.
Purpose of the present invention realizes that by a kind of briquette binder described briquette binder comprises silica gel, siallite and ammonium carbamate.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of briquette binder, it comprises silica gel, siallite and ammonium carbamate.
Silica gel used in the briquette binder of the present invention is had no particular limits, and it can be any commercially available silica gel, for example available from the silica gel of Shouguang City Rong Feng chemical industry company limited.Described silica gel can be any shape, such as powdery, particulate state etc.
Also contain siallite in the briquette binder of the present invention.Siallite has certain cohesive strength, can play the effect of binding agent.In addition, in the siallite contained carbonate or the compositions such as oxide compound, oxyhydroxide can with coal in reaction of Salmon-Saxl, play solid sulphur effect, reduce SO
2Discharging.Because used siallite in the briquette binder of the present invention, so need not additionally to add sulphur-fixing agent in the binding agent of the present invention, this has reduced raw materials cost, has simplified simultaneously production technique.Secondly, owing to contain a large amount of aluminum oxide and silicon-dioxide in the siallite, this is conducive to improve the ash fusibility temperature of the moulded coal that makes, thereby in the lurgi gasifier that is applicable to pressurize.On the other hand, the siallite wide material sources, cheap, therefore use siallite to be conducive to reduce cost, be suitable for industrial large-scale application.Siallite used in the briquette binder of the present invention is had no particular limits, and it is for example from the Shijiazhuang Bang Er B-1 of company board siallite.
Silica gel content in the briquette binder of the present invention can be the 40-80 % by weight, preferred 45-75 % by weight, and more preferably 50-70 % by weight, 60-70 % by weight most preferably is in each case based on the gross weight of this briquette binder.
Siallite content in the briquette binder of the present invention can be the 10-55 % by weight, preferred 15-50 % by weight, and more preferably 20-40 % by weight, 25-30 % by weight most preferably is in each case based on the gross weight of this briquette binder.
Ammonium carbamate content in the briquette binder of the present invention can be the 5-15 % by weight, preferred 7-14 % by weight, and more preferably 8-12 % by weight, 9-11 % by weight most preferably is in each case based on the gross weight of this briquette binder.
Briquette binder of the present invention also can be chosen wantonly and contain other components such as conditioning agent and activator, with molding effect and the ash fusibility temperature of improving moulded coal except siallite, silica gel and ammonium carbamate.
Described conditioning agent plays the skeleton supporting role, to the ash fusibility temperature effect of improving of moulded coal.Used conditioning agent is such as being in resol, polyvinyl alcohol, polystyrene, resol, urea-formaldehyde resin, cresorcin formaldehyde resin, polyoxymethylene, urethane and the organosilicon etc. one or more.The consumption of described conditioning agent can be the 0-10 % by weight, preferred 0-8 % by weight, more preferably 2-7 % by weight, most preferably 4-6 % by weight.
Described activator has certain promoter action to the molding effect of fine coal, can improve the moulded coal index.Used activator is aliphatic polymer, such as acetone-formaldehyde condenses and the burnt aldehyde of carbonyl.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the content of described activator is the 0-5 % by weight, preferred 0-3 % by weight, more preferably 0-1 % by weight.
In a preferred embodiment, briquette binder of the present invention comprises the silica gel of 40-80 % by weight, the siallite of 10-55 % by weight and the ammonium carbamate of 5-15 % by weight.In another preferred embodiment, briquette binder of the present invention comprises the silica gel of 40-80 % by weight, the siallite of preferred 15-50 % by weight and the ammonium carbamate of 5-15 % by weight.In another preferred embodiment, briquette binder of the present invention comprises the silica gel of 45-75 % by weight, the siallite of 10-55 % by weight and the ammonium carbamate of 5-15 % by weight.In another preferred version, briquette binder of the present invention comprises the ammonium carbamate of siallite 5-15 % by weight of silica gel, the 15-50 % by weight of 45-75 % by weight.In an embodiment again, briquette binder of the present invention comprises the silica gel of 50-70 % by weight, the siallite of 10-55 % by weight and the ammonium carbamate of 5-15 % by weight.In an embodiment again, briquette binder of the present invention comprises the silica gel of 50-70 % by weight, the siallite of 15-50 % by weight and the ammonium carbamate of 5-15 % by weight.
It should be noted that each component concentration mentioned above and preferred content to be made up in any way and do not depart from scope of the present invention.In addition, in the present invention, if do not specialize, each component sum of briquette binder of the present invention is 100 % by weight.
Briquette binder of the present invention is suitable for meager coal, meager lean coal and hard coal.Raw materials used coal can be fine coal.Can be mixed with coal slime in the described fine coal, wherein the weight ratio of fine coal and coal slime can be 45-95:55-5, preferred 50-85:50-15, more preferably 60-75:40-25, further preferred 60-70:40-30, most preferably 60-65:35-40.In one embodiment, described coal slime can be slurry of coal washing plant.
When being used for feed coal, the consumption of briquette binder of the present invention is generally the 0.1-20 % by weight, preferred 0.1-15 % by weight, more preferably 0.1-10% weight, further preferred 0.1-5 % by weight, most preferably 0.1-2.5 % by weight, especially be the 0.1-1.5 % by weight, based on the weight of feed coal.
Therefore, the invention still further relates to a kind of moulded coal, it comprises feed coal and briquette binder of the present invention.In preferred embodiments, the present invention relates to a kind of moulded coal, it comprises feed coal and is the 0.1-20 % by weight based on the weight of feed coal, preferred 0.1-15 % by weight, more preferably 0.1-10% weight, further preferred 0.1-5 % by weight, most preferably the 0.1-2.5 % by weight especially is the briquette binder of the present invention of 0.1-1.5 % by weight.
The invention still further relates to the preparation method of moulded coal of the present invention, comprise the broken of feed coal and the coal of fragmentation is mixed also moulding with binding agent of the present invention.
For feed coal is mixed with binding agent of the present invention better, and be easy to moulding, feed coal is broken.Raw coal size after the fragmentation is generally≤3mm, and is preferred≤2.5mm, more preferably≤and 2mm, most preferably≤1.5mm, especially≤1mm.
In the situation of using coal slime, can directly use wet coal slime, also can carry out airing to coal slime.
Usually before mixing, in the feed coal of fragmentation, add suitable water.Not water outlet when the amount of moulding moisture is suppressed with material, be not stained with ball-and-socket, binding agent is fully contacted with feed coal be limited, be generally the 5-30 % by weight, be preferably the 5-25 % by weight, more preferably the 5-20 % by weight, more preferably the 5-15 % by weight most preferably is the 7-13 % by weight.
Usually moulding on twin rollers of moulded coal of the present invention.Used twin rollers and moulding process thereof are well-known to those skilled in the art.
Behind described briquette molding, can carry out drying to it and also can exempt from oven dry.Drying can be airing, also can be the belt oven dry.Belt furnace drying method and condition are well-known to those skilled in the art.
Moulded coal of the present invention can be different shape, includes but not limited to spheroidal, elliposoidal, pincushion, polyhedron shape etc.
Briquette binder of the present invention is suitable for adopting fine coal and coal slime moulding production of shaped coal, in particular for preparation lurgi gasifier gasification briquette.Briquette binder of the present invention can take full advantage of cheap fine coal and coal slime.Moulded coal is used for the lurgi gasifier gasification, can replace in a large number lump coal.Can solve lurgi gasifier with the problem of lump coal resource scarcity, not need high price to buy lump coal, improve the added value of fine coal and coal slime.Can make enterprise obtain preferably economic benefit, be again an important content of development Enterprise Circular Economy.
The lurgi pressure gasification shaped coal technology of researching and developing out has further enlarged the raw material range of lurgi gasifier.Have significant economic benefit and social benefit, have wide popularizing application prospect.The directive function that whole lurgi gasifier pressurized gasification industry is had positive important.
Compared with prior art, the moulded coal by briquette binder preparation of the present invention has the advantage of high dropping strength, high thermal stability and high ash fusion temperature.More specifically, the moulded coal that is prepared by moulded coal of the present invention has 〉=90% moulded coal dropping strength and the ash fusibility temperature of 〉=1350 ° of C, and thermostability BTS
+ 6〉=90%, BTS
-3≤ 6%, and other indexs all meet the requirement of the strange gasification in Shandong.In addition, gas-making type coal adhesive cost of the present invention is that moulded coal 45-55 per ton is first, with low cost, is suitable for large-scale industrialization and uses.In addition, binding agent of the present invention is nontoxic, and is environmentally friendly, do not produce secondary pollution, and can consolidate sulphur, reduces SO
2Discharging.In addition, pollution-free to lurgi gasifier with the moulded coal of binding agent preparation of the present invention, without close-burning, be conducive to the continuous operation of lurgi gasifier.In addition, the reactive behavior of moulded coal increases than feed coal behind the use invention binding agent.
Following examples are set forth the present invention, but not limit it.
Embodiment
Measuring method
1. the measuring method of moulded coal dropping strength
Method according to the MT/T925-2004 regulation is carried out, the measuring method main points are: get a certain amount of moulded coal samples weighing, be free to drop down to from the 2m eminence on the steel plate of specific thickness, the moulded coal piece of granularity in the moulded coal that falls greater than 13mm fallen again, fall altogether 3 times, account for the percentage ratio of former moulded coal sample mass, the dropping strength of expression moulded coal to fall rear granularity for the 3rd time greater than the moulded coal piece quality of 13mm.
2. the measuring method of moulded coal thermostability
Carry out according to industry standard MT/T924-2004, the measuring method main points are: select flawless, substantially complete moulded coal from the moulded coal sample of taking by the regulation of MT/T 915, therefrom select at random the moulded coal (being accurate to 0.01g) of about 500g, it is evenly put into 5 crucibles, build crucible cover, retort furnace is heated to 900 ° of C in advance, open fire door, rapidly crucible is put into the flat-temperature zone, close immediately upper furnace door and timing, accurately heated 30 minutes.From retort furnace, take out crucible, be cooled to room temperature, the residual burnt quality of weighing (being accurate to 0.01g).It is (40 ± 2) mm that residual Jiao is placed amplitude, and frequency is on the reciprocating type sieve shaker of (240 ± 20) min-1.Because lurgi gasifier enters stove lump coal granularity requirements greater than 6mm, the moulded coal diameter is necessary>6mm, and<fraction of 3mm also is an important technical parameter of a lurgi gasifier.Therefore, adopt BTS
+ 6And BTS
-3Measurement index as moulded coal thermostability of the present invention.For this reason, choose the sieve 5 minutes that diameter is 6mm and 3mm.Be calculated as follows BTS
+ 6And BTS
-3:
BTS
+6=m
+6mm/m×100 (1)
BTS
-3=m
-3mm/m×100 (1)
Wherein
BTS
+ 6The thermostability index of moulded coal, unit is percentage ratio (%);
BTS
-3The thermostability auxiliary characteristics of moulded coal, unit is percentage ratio (%);
Residual Jiao's of m total mass, unit is gram (g);
m
+ 6mmGranularity is greater than the residual burnt quality of 6mm, and unit is gram (g);
m
-3mmGranularity is less than the residual burnt quality of 3mm, and unit is gram (g);
3. the measurement of ash fusibility softening temperature (ST)
Adopt pyramid method to measure according to GB219-74.Coal ash mixed being moulded the triangle cone with dextrin, be placed in the High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus and heat, determine ST (softening temperature) according to grey cone shape.
Raw material:
1. silica gel: available from Shouguang City Rong Feng chemical industry company limited
2. siallite: Shijiazhuang Bang Er company
3. ammonium carbamate: available from Shijiazhuang Bang Er company
4. resol: available from pool, Jining space chemical industry company limited
5. polyoxymethylene: Shijiazhuang Bang Er company
6. the burnt aldehyde of carbonyl is the commercially available prod
The preparation of binding agent
According to the form below 1 prescription takes by weighing each component, mixes, and is for subsequent use.
Table 1 binder formula (% by weight)
The binding agent numbering | Silica gel | Siallite | Ammonium carbamate | Resol | Polyoxymethylene | The burnt aldehyde of carbonyl |
A1 | 40 | 20 | 15 | 12 | 0 | 13 |
A2 | 48 | 32 | 8 | 0 | 10 | 2 |
A3 | 65 | 10 | 5 | 5 | 7 | 8 |
A4 | 57 | 20 | 8 | 5 | 4 | 6 |
A5 | 70 | 10 | 15 | 3 | 2 | 0 |
A6 | 60 | 18 | 6 | 0 | 6 | 10 |
A7 | 50 | 35 | 12 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
In addition, also prepared comparative binders, it has used the prescription identical with binding agent A5, and difference is to use respectively clay pit to replace siallite (being designated as C1), uses wilkinite to replace siallite (being designated as C2).
Feed coal
Feed coal adopts meager coal, meager lean coal and Fine Anthracite In China or fine coal and coal slime mixture.
The preparation of moulded coal
Adopt following program to prepare moulded coal:
1, coal slime is deposited in respectively in the different stockyards from fine coal;
2, fine coal is through fragmentation, through 3mm sieve screening processing, and screen underflow is for subsequent use as the shaping raw material coal, and screen overflow returns crusher and continues fragmentation
3, use rotary cultivator that the lumpiness that the coal slime piece is broken into below the 50mm is for subsequent use;
4, fine coal and coal slime are transported in the rolling machine by conveyor according to certain ratio, roll and mixed 15 minutes, fine coal and coal slime are mixed, add entry to the 10-12% of coal amount by volume pump simultaneously, then be transported in coal bunker 1 and the coal bunker 2 by conveyor;
5, the feed coal in the coal bunker quantitatively feeds in the biaxial rneader according to the ratio of table 2 by belt, join in the feed coal according to the ratio of the binding agent for preparing according to table 2 by constant feeder simultaneously, by the preliminary stirring of biaxial rneader, enter fully to roll in the rolling machine and mix;
6, the moulding grog of mixing enters roller briquetting machine compression moulding through after the again mixing of biaxial rneader through Belt Conveying from rolling machine.
The consumption of use therein feed coal type, feed coal proportioning, binding agent is with as shown in table 2 below.Test simultaneously moulded coal dropping strength, ash fusibility temperature and the thermostability BTS of gained raw coal according to the method described in above-mentioned " measuring method " joint
+ 6, BTS
-3, the result is referring to table 2.
As can be seen from the above table, the dropping strength of moulded coal of the present invention all 〉=90%, ash fusibility temperature ST 〉=1420 ° of C, and thermostability BTS
+ 6>90%, BTS
-3≤ 5%.
In addition, as can be seen from the above table, compare with the comparative example C1 that adopts clay pit and wilkinite to make and the moulded coal of C2, moulded coal of the present invention has the advantage of moulded coal physical strength height, Heat stability is good.
The lurgi gasifier combustion test
Choose moulded coal 1 and Tunliu lump coal and burn test in the enterprising promoting the circulation of qi examination of the lurgi pressure gasifier of diameter of phi 3.8m.
Vapourizing furnace is at 3500-5500Nm
3Move under/h oxygen the loading condiction.Whole examination burning process is divided into lump coal and switches moulded coal, moulded coal adjust operation, moulded coal switching lump coal three phases; Wherein, lump coal moves 8 hours after switching moulded coal, and then adjust operation is 12 hours, switches lump coal operation 16 hours again.Moulded coal from enter the gasification reducing zone extremely, participate in 36 hours reaction times fully.
This 100% moulded coal industry examination is burnt, and has realized that successfully vapourizing furnace switches between operation and vapourizing furnace moulded coal, the lump coal coal continuously mutually with moulded coal.Gas composition is comparatively stable, particularly CO
2With CO.Chuck pressure reduction and rate of water make-up change little, this demonstration interior bed of material stable reaction of coming out of the stove, and the type coal gasification index reaches the industrial application requirement substantially.Coal between moulded coal and the lump coal is switched more smooth, and operating mode is stable.This shows that moulded coal of the present invention meets the combustion requirements of lurgi gasifier fully.
Secondly, moulded coal of the present invention does not produce close-burning after the test.
Therefore use the moulded coal of binding agent preparation of the present invention to be suitable for lurgi gasifier gas making.
Claims (10)
1. briquette binder, it comprises silica gel, siallite and carbaminate.
2. binding agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein silica gel content is the 40-80 % by weight, preferred 45-75 % by weight, more preferably 50-70 % by weight, 60-70 % by weight most preferably is in each case based on the gross weight of this briquette binder.
3. such as the binding agent of claim 1 or 2, wherein siallite content is the 10-55 % by weight, preferred 15-50 % by weight, and more preferably 20-40 % by weight, 25-30 % by weight most preferably is in each case based on the gross weight of this briquette binder.
4. such as each binding agent among the claim 1-3, wherein ammonium carbamate content is the 5-15 % by weight, preferred 7-14 % by weight, and more preferably 8-12 % by weight, 9-11 % by weight most preferably is in each case based on the gross weight of this briquette binder.
5. such as each binding agent among the claim 1-4, it also additionally comprises conditioning agent and activator.
6. binding agent as claimed in claim 5, wherein said conditioning agent is selected from one or more in resol, polyvinyl alcohol, polystyrene, resol, urea-formaldehyde resin, cresorcin formaldehyde resin, polyoxymethylene, urethane and the organosilicon, wherein said activator is aliphatic polymer, especially is such as acetone-formaldehyde condenses and the burnt aldehyde of carbonyl.
7. moulded coal, it comprises among feed coal and the claim 1-6 each binding agent.
8. moulded coal as claimed in claim 7, wherein said feed coal is the mixture of fine coal or fine coal and coal slime.
9. a method for preparing such as the moulded coal of claim 7 or 8 comprises the step that described feed coal is mixed with binding agent.
Such as each binding agent among the claim 1-6 for the preparation of the purposes in the pressurization static bed gas-making type coal.
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CN110885693A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-17 | 吉林省电力科学研究院有限公司 | Coal slime airing method |
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