CN102962529A - Seven-shaft and six-linkage opposite angle roll cutting method for non-circular gear - Google Patents

Seven-shaft and six-linkage opposite angle roll cutting method for non-circular gear Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102962529A
CN102962529A CN2012104819766A CN201210481976A CN102962529A CN 102962529 A CN102962529 A CN 102962529A CN 2012104819766 A CN2012104819766 A CN 2012104819766A CN 201210481976 A CN201210481976 A CN 201210481976A CN 102962529 A CN102962529 A CN 102962529A
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hobboing cutter
axis
gear
along
axle
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CN102962529B (en
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刘有余
余鹏程
张海峰
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Anhui Polytechnic University
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Anhui Polytechnic University
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of numerical control machining of gears and relates to a seven-shaft and six-linkage opposite angle roll cutting method for a non-circular gear. In the implementation process of the method, three fundamental frequency shafts, another three shafts linked with the three fundamental frequency shafts and an independent numerical control shaft are applied; a hobbing cutter also continuously moves along the axis of the hobbing cutter while vertically feeding; and a linkage mathematical model is disclosed. According to the seven-shaft and six-linkage opposite angle roll cutting method disclosed by the invention, all blades of the hobbing cutter can be fully and effectively utilized; cutter tooth wear is uniformly distributed; the durability of the cutter is improved; the tooth profile shape precision and the surface roughness can be improved; and the independent numerical control shaft can automatically adjust a mounting angel of the hobbing cutter, and compared with a mechanical structure, the independent numerical control shaft has the advantages of higher automatic degree, higher adjustment precision and lower labor intensity of workers. The seven-shaft and six-linkage opposite angle roll cutting method disclosed by the invention can be used for numerical control gear hobbing of non-circular spur gears, non-circular helical gears, elliptical spur gears and elliptical helical gears.

Description

A kind of non-circular gear seven axis six-linkage diagonal angle hobbing methods
Technical field
The invention belongs to the manufacturing field of gear or tooth bar, especially in the wheel tooth processed field that the radius of clean-up changes, relate to the protruding pitch curve non-circular gear of a kind of seven axis six-linkage diagonal angle rolling cuts method.
Background technology
Non-circular gear comprises elliptic gear, oval gear, high order elliptic gear, distortion (property) elliptic gear etc., its pitch curve is non-constant at the mould in different polar angles place utmost point footpath, of a great variety complex-shaped, become violent when rolling cut adds universal driving shaft in man-hour (angle) speed, (angle) acceleration, processing difficulties and precision are difficult to guarantee.Current, manufacturing technology is the bottleneck that the restriction non-circular gear is applied, and industrial most employing line cutting technology is realized.Line cutting processing not only efficient is extremely low, and helpless to helical gear.
Rolling cut is a kind of highly-efficient processing method, and " non-round helical gear rolling cut processing CNC interlock control program " literary composition of " China Mechanical Engineering " is studied non-round helical gear four-shaft four-linkage, five shaft five linkage; Chinese patent CN200810035148.3 discloses the implementation method of non-round helical gear four-shaft four-linkage, five shaft five linkage.These work have realized the rolling cut processing of non-circle (straight/oblique) gear, but because hobboing cutter is vertically without the displacement feeding, in the rolling cut process, only have some less cutters tooth to participate in rolling cut on the hobboing cutter, and the blade on each cutter tooth only has fixing a bit of actual cut, these blades are constantly wearing and tearing in working angles, affect workpiece profile geometry precision and surface roughness.Axially the load of the hobboing cutter cutter tooth of nothing displacement feeding and wearing and tearing are extremely inhomogeneous, and its durability is decided by the maximum cutter tooth that wherein weares and teares, and durability is extremely low.
The effective ways that address the above problem are to adopt the diagonal angle hobbing method.The diagonal angle rolls and is mainly used in the roller gear gear-hobbing machine at present, and disclose a kind of usefulness such as Chinese patent CN 200910300162.6 and altered the three-axis numerical control gear-hobbing machine that the cutter knife rest replaces tangential hobhead realization diagonal angle rolling cut, but to rolling cut roller gear Effective Raise hobboing cutter durability.Up to now, not yet see the report that this technology is directly applied to the non-circular gear rolling cut.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: the problem for above-mentioned prior art exists, a kind of non-circular gear seven axis six-linkage diagonal angle hobbing methods are proposed, allow hobboing cutter in vertical feed, also along self axis continuous moving, the balanced participation of each tooth cut.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions.
Non-circular gear seven axis six-linkage diagonal angle hobbing methods of the present invention, universal driving shaft comprise that hobboing cutter or workbench are along X-direction offset axis, hobboing cutter or workbench along Y-direction offset axis, hobboing cutter or workbench along Z-direction offset axis, hobboing cutter B axle, the worktable rotary C axle that moves that rotatablely moves; Also comprise in addition hobboing cutter along self axis direction offset axis D axle, hobboing cutter is along self axis (D axle) continuous moving in the rolling cut process, and balanced participation of each rolling cut tooth cut Load on Cutting Teeth and even wearing; Also comprise the A axle of adjusting the hobboing cutter established angle, described A axle adopts digital control technology to adjust in advance for the Hobbing helical angle, immobilizes in the rolling process.Realized hobboing cutter in vertical feed, also along self axis continuous moving.
Described non-circular gear seven axis six-linkage diagonal angle hobbing methods, hobboing cutter or workbench are moving along X-axis and y-axis shift in strict accordance with the interlock characteristics of motion, hobboing cutter rotating speed and rotating speed of table
Figure 463570DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
In strict accordance with specifying variable ratio to rotate, make hobboing cutter projection tooth bar and tooth base pure rolling, and keep tooth base pitch curve to contact with the hobboing cutter nodel line is tangent; The hobboing cutter rotating speed
Figure 130175DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
, hobboing cutter is along D axle translational speed
Figure 208989DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
, hobboing cutter or workbench be along Z axis relative displacement speed
Figure 706967DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Constant, and separate, consist of three fundamental frequencies, rotating speed of table
Figure 416297DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
, hobboing cutter or workbench be along X-axis relative displacement speed
Figure 366935DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
, hobboing cutter or workbench be along Y-axis relative displacement speed Relatively described three fundamental frequencies interlock, the interlock Mathematical Modeling is as follows:
，
Figure 980691DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
Be pitch curve utmost point footpath;
Figure 356309DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
Be polar angle;
Figure 776926DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
Be hobboing cutter head number;
Figure 187179DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
Be the gear normal module;
Figure 300628DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
Be the symbol coefficient;
Figure 225859DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
Be the symbol coefficient;
Figure 387850DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
Be the hobboing cutter lead angle;
Figure 449347DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
Be non-round oblique gear spiral angle.
Described non-circular gear seven axis six-linkage diagonal angle hobbing methods, described
Figure 733698DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Direction can with
Figure 585372DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
Meet the right-handed helix rule, described interlock Mathematical Modeling
Figure 613371DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
Also can with
Figure 732637DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
Meet the left hand helix rule, described
Figure 922310DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
Described non-circular gear seven axis six-linkage diagonal angle hobbing methods can the non-round spur gear of rolling cut and non-round helical gear, to non-round spur gear, described interlock Mathematical Modeling
Figure 822133DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
=0; To non-round helical gear, when hobboing cutter is consistent with the Gear Helix rotation direction, described interlock Mathematical Modeling
Figure 325926DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
, when hobboing cutter is opposite with the Gear Helix rotation direction, described interlock Mathematical Modeling
Figure 627595DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
Described non-circular gear seven axis six-linkage diagonal angle hobbing methods, independent numerical control axle A axial adjustment method is: during the non-round spur gear of rolling cut, the established angle of hobboing cutter
Figure 988169DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
The lead angle that only depends on hobboing cutter
Figure 312971DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
, and
Figure 682772DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
=
Figure 9586DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
During the non-round helical gear of rolling cut, the established angle of hobboing cutter
Figure 806641DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
The lead angle that depends on hobboing cutter Helical angle with processed gear
Figure 526652DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
, when hobboing cutter is consistent with the Gear Helix rotation direction
Figure 537334DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
= -
Figure 539105DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
, when hobboing cutter is opposite with the Gear Helix rotation direction
Figure 188392DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
=
Figure 53580DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
+
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: non-circular gear seven axis six-linkage diagonal angle hobbing methods of the present invention, hobboing cutter also along self axis continuous moving, can fully effectively utilize whole blades of hobboing cutter in vertical feed, the wearing and tearing of uniform distribution cutter tooth improve tool life.Independent numerical control axle is adjusted the hobboing cutter established angle automatically, relatively the frame for movement automaticity, to adjust precision higher, labor strength is lower.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is non-circular gear seven axis six-linkage diagonal angle hobbing method schematic diagrames of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is non-circular gear seven axis six-linkage diagonal angle rolling cut tooth base end view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is hobboing cutter of the present invention public tangent plane schematic diagram of rolling cut when consistent with the Gear Helix rotation direction;
Fig. 4 is hobboing cutter of the present invention public tangent plane schematic diagram of rolling cut when opposite with the Gear Helix rotation direction;
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Referring to accompanying drawing 1, non-circular gear seven each axle interaction relation of axis six-linkage diagonal angle hobbing method of the present invention have been illustrated.Hobboing cutter 101 is tooth bar at tooth base 102 end face inner projections, hobboing cutter 101 rotations
Figure 209154DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
Can form the instrument tooth bar. Rotate with tooth base 102
Figure 381826DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
Consist of the generate gear motion by strict gearratio, make the relative instrument tooth bar work of tooth base pitch curve without the pure rolling of relative sliding.Referring to accompanying drawing 2, tooth base pitch curve 202 is tangential on instantaneous P with hobboing cutter nodel line 201.Referring to accompanying drawing 1, pure rolling requires tooth base 102 both to do
Figure 691585DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
Rotate, also do the edge Axle and
Figure 753399DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
The movement of axle
Figure 593179DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
With Be the cutting full-depth tooth, hobboing cutter 101 also needs to move axially along workpiece
Figure 303963DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
, itself and tooth base 102 add gyrations Interlock forms the instrument helical rack.In addition, hobboing cutter 101 is also along self axis continuous moving , so that hobboing cutter 101 full-depth tooths participate in rolling cut.
Figure 943126DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Direction can with
Figure 926126DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
Meet right-handed helix rule (being designated as " I "), also can meet with it left hand helix rule (being designated as " II ").Referring to accompanying drawing 2,
Figure 321335DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
The component velocity of along continuous straight runs is
Figure 870128DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
, the synthetic translational speed of instrument tooth bar is
Figure 895853DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
Figure 162886DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Component velocity vertically is
Figure 299469DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
, referring to accompanying drawing 3 and accompanying drawing 4,
Figure 702769DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
, its with
Figure 961712DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Aggregate velocity be
Figure 155189DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
Non-round helical gear has dividing of left-handed (being designated as " ⅰ ") and dextrorotation (being designated as " ⅱ ").
Can according to the teeth directional required precision, select rational aggregate velocity to be
Figure 892201DEST_PATH_IMAGE039
Certificate again
Figure 353270DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
Size, it is suitable to determine
Figure 783114DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
To non-round helical gear, aggregate velocity
Figure 759160DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
Move axially a helical pitch along the tooth base, in tooth base palpus one week of additional rotation, determine with this
Figure 237546DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
Size.
Described non-circular gear seven axis six-linkage diagonal angle hobbing methods adopt described interlock Mathematical Modeling, total " I " and " II " 2 kinds of implementations, but rolling cut " ⅰ " and " ⅱ " 2 type gears (to spur gear, =0, can conclude in " ⅰ " or " ⅱ " any class).In addition, used hobboing cutter lead angle also has dividing of left-handed (being designated as " A ") and dextrorotation (being designated as " B "), total A I ⅰ, A I ⅱ, A II ⅰ, A II ⅱ, B I ⅰ, B I ⅱ, B II ⅰ, eight kinds of operating modes of B II ⅱ.
Embodiment one
Present embodiment is A I ⅰ operating mode,
Figure 216183DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Direction with
Figure 882788DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
Meet the right-handed helix rule, the non-round left-hand helical gear of rolling cut adopts lefthand hob.The interlock Mathematical Modeling of this example is:
Figure 961602DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
。
Embodiment two
Present embodiment is A I ⅱ operating mode,
Figure 459580DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Direction with
Figure 401866DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
Meet the right-handed helix rule, the non-round dextrorotation helical gear of rolling cut adopts lefthand hob.The interlock Mathematical Modeling is:
Figure 618084DEST_PATH_IMAGE043
。
Embodiment three
Present embodiment is A II ⅰ operating mode,
Figure 500589DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Direction with Meet the left hand helix rule, the non-round left-hand helical gear of rolling cut adopts lefthand hob.The interlock Mathematical Modeling is:
Figure 733304DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
。
Embodiment four
Present embodiment is A II ⅱ operating mode, Direction with
Figure 529539DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
Meet the left hand helix rule, the non-round dextrorotation helical gear of rolling cut adopts lefthand hob.The interlock Mathematical Modeling is:
Figure 2109DEST_PATH_IMAGE045
。
Embodiment five
Present embodiment is B I ⅰ operating mode,
Figure 787662DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Direction with
Figure 712893DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
Meet the right-handed helix rule, the non-round left-hand helical gear of rolling cut adopts right-hand hob.The interlock Mathematical Modeling of this example is:
Figure 937201DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
。
Embodiment six
Present embodiment is B I ⅱ operating mode,
Figure 721003DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Direction with
Figure 5354DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
Meet the right-handed helix rule, the non-round dextrorotation helical gear of rolling cut adopts right-hand hob.The interlock Mathematical Modeling is:
Figure 417880DEST_PATH_IMAGE047
。
Embodiment seven
Present embodiment is B II ⅰ operating mode,
Figure 117983DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Direction with
Figure 299566DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
Meet the left hand helix rule, the non-round left-hand helical gear of rolling cut adopts right-hand hob.The interlock Mathematical Modeling is:
Figure 692501DEST_PATH_IMAGE045
。
Embodiment eight
Present embodiment is B II ⅱ operating mode,
Figure 592324DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Direction with
Figure 158434DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
Meet the left hand helix rule, the non-round dextrorotation helical gear of rolling cut adopts right-hand hob.The interlock Mathematical Modeling is:
。
Except described eight kinds of embodiment, the present invention can also have the combination between these eight kinds of embodiments, such as the axial reciprocating displacement method: at first adopt scheme " A II ⅰ ", when meshing point P moves to the hobboing cutter end, adopt scheme " A I ⅰ ", then meshing point P oppositely shifts to top from the hobboing cutter end again, behind the arrival top, adopt again scheme " A II ⅰ ", so repeatedly.In the method rolling cut process, hobboing cutter does not have idle stroke, and the flank profil surface is gapless also.Should preferentially adopt.
In a word, described eight kinds of embodiment, all employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or the formation of equivalent transformation form, all drop on the protection domain of requirement of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. non-circular gear seven axis six-linkage diagonal angle hobbing methods, universal driving shaft comprise that hobboing cutter or workbench are along X-direction offset axis, hobboing cutter or workbench along Y-direction offset axis, hobboing cutter or workbench along Z-direction offset axis, hobboing cutter B axle, the worktable rotary C axle that moves that rotatablely moves; It is characterized in that: also comprise in addition hobboing cutter along self axis direction offset axis D axle, hobboing cutter is along self axis (D axle) continuous moving in the rolling cut process, and balanced participation of each rolling cut tooth cut Load on Cutting Teeth and even wearing; Also comprise the A axle of adjusting the hobboing cutter established angle, described A axle adopts digital control technology to adjust in advance for the Hobbing helical angle, immobilizes in the rolling process.
2. non-circular gear seven axis six-linkage diagonal angle hobbing methods according to claim 1, hobboing cutter or workbench are moving along X-axis and y-axis shift in strict accordance with the interlock characteristics of motion, hobboing cutter rotating speed and rotating speed of table are in strict accordance with specifying variable ratio to rotate, make hobboing cutter projection tooth bar and tooth base pure rolling, and keep tooth base pitch curve to contact with the hobboing cutter nodel line is tangent; It is characterized in that: hobboing cutter rotating speed, hobboing cutter are along D axle translational speed, hobboing cutter or workbench along Z axis relative displacement constant airspeed, and separate, consist of three fundamental frequencies, rotating speed of table, hobboing cutter or workbench be relatively described three fundamental frequencies interlock along X-axis relative displacement speed, hobboing cutter or workbench along Y-axis relative displacement speed, and the interlock Mathematical Modeling is as follows:
Figure 911267DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Figure 828407DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Be pitch curve utmost point footpath;
Figure 608144DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Be polar angle;
Figure 442501DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Be hobboing cutter head number;
Figure 256874DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
Be the gear normal module;
Figure 17019DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
Be the symbol coefficient; Be the symbol coefficient;
Figure 482953DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
Be the hobboing cutter lead angle;
Figure 89514DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
Be non-round oblique gear spiral angle.
According to claim 1 with non-circular gear seven axis six-linkage diagonal angle hobbing methods claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described
Figure 82878DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
Direction can with
Figure 774891DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
Meet the right-handed helix rule, described interlock Mathematical Modeling
Figure 511903DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
Also can with Meet the left hand helix rule, described
Figure 901350DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
4. according to claim 1, claim 2 and non-circular gear claimed in claim 3 seven axis six-linkage diagonal angle hobbing methods, it is characterized in that: can the non-round spur gear of rolling cut and non-round helical gear, to non-round spur gear, described interlock Mathematical Modeling
Figure 142976DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
=0; To non-round helical gear, when hobboing cutter is consistent with the Gear Helix rotation direction, described interlock Mathematical Modeling
Figure 355783DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
, when hobboing cutter is opposite with the Gear Helix rotation direction, described interlock Mathematical Modeling
Figure 999253DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
CN201210481976.6A 2012-11-25 2012-11-25 Seven-shaft and six-linkage opposite angle roll cutting method for non-circular gear Expired - Fee Related CN102962529B (en)

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104259583A (en) * 2014-08-14 2015-01-07 合肥工业大学 Gear blank constant angular speed-rotating slotting method for angles for non-cylindrical gears

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