CN102959344B

CN102959344B - For equipment and the method for solar energy collecting and conversion

Info

Publication number: CN102959344B
Application number: CN201180028804.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: R.J.沃思恩格顿
Original assignee: Penworth Pty Ltd
Current assignee: Penworth Pty Ltd
Priority date: 2010-06-11
Filing date: 2011-06-10
Publication date: 2016-05-11
Anticipated expiration: 2031-06-10
Also published as: EP2580537A1; CN102959344A; EP2580537A4; EP2580537B1; US20130074829A1; AU2011264424A1; WO2011153591A1; US8944046B2; CA2801944A1; AU2011264424B2

Abstract

The present invention relates to comprise shell body (20) and be arranged on the solar collector (18) of the absorber (24) in shell body (20), shell body (20) has at least one hole (22). Hole (22) is arranged to receive the solar radiation bundle (16) through wherein, so that light beam (16) incides on absorber (24). Absorber (24) is arranged in use absorb the energy of solar radiation bundle and thus solar radiation is converted into the fluid that heat energy circulates by absorber (24) with heating. Absorber (24) is arranged to be moved to contribute to by mobile device the homogeneous heating of absorber (24).

Description

For equipment and the method for solar energy collecting and conversion

Technical field

The present invention relates to equipment and method for solar energy collecting and conversion.

Related application

The application requires the priority of Australian temporary patent application 2010902580. This ShenContent is please incorporated herein by reference.

Background technology

Solar collector generally has the absorption plant of the solar radiation for absorbing incident, to incite somebody to actionSolar radiation is converted into easily energy for use in the future. This can flow through wherein by heatingFluid is realized for the application such as driving steam turbine or heat rooms. But, collectDevice generally any solar radiation is converted into easily aspect the energy not too effective.

Therefore, the present invention attempt to provide more effective equipment, method and parts with make it possible to intoThe Conversion of Energy of row solar radiation.

Summary of the invention

According to a first aspect of the invention, provide a kind of solar collector, it comprises: shellBody, this shell body has at least one hole being arranged on wherein; And absorber, this absorber arrangesIn shell body, hole is arranged to receive the solar radiation bundle through wherein, and light beam is incidedOn absorber, absorber is arranged to the energy of the incident beam that absorbs solar radiation therefore shouldConversion of Energy is heat energy, and then heats the fluid circulating by absorber, and absorber is arrangedBecome the homogeneous heating that is moved to contribute to absorber by mobile device.

The homogeneous heating of absorber is expected, because it has improved the efficiency of collector. This be because ofWhen being heated above the temperature of environment temperature when absorber, it is long that absorber gives out a larger partThe heat energy of any savings of ripple heat ray form, and along with the increase of temperature, absorber obtains and increasesThe reflectivity adding. By guaranteeing that whole absorber is heated equably by the incident beam of solar radiation,More projectile energy can be absorbed device and absorb. In the time that point (spot) heating of absorber occurs,Be subject to the very fast projecting environment temperature of temperature of absorber at focus place. This allows from absorberThe reflectivity that increases compared with the larger localized heat radiation of hot outer surface with due to part and to incidentThe reflection of the increase of solar radiation, thereby the overall efficiency of reduction collector.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, absorber is arranged to by mobile device around the first axleLine rotation. Mobile device is preferably also arranged to along first axle translation absorber, to absorbDevice is taked sinusoidal motion.

Fluid preferably circulates by absorber via tortuous passage. Pumping dress is preferably providedPut to regulate flowing of heat-transfer fluid by described absorber.

As easily understood, the outer surface of absorber by the incident beam of solar radiation at leastSome reflex on the inner surface of shell body. It is uneven that the outer surface of absorber is preferably. UnevenOuter surface increased folded light beam will with the angled probability of incident beam. Therefore, have largerProbability folded light beam will not lead backward and leave the hole in shell body. Therefore, the energy of folded light beamBe retained in collector and be not lost in atmosphere.

The uneven outer surface of absorber can be taked different forms. For example, uneven outer surface is passableRunning surface, or the elongated shape extending along the outer surface of elongated absorber, or flatlyAround the surrounding of absorber, or be both combination, form the cross open of hillock, orIt can comprise multiple pits, is all the reflection angle of the incident beam in order to affect solar radiationChange.

Absorber preferably includes the core that serves as radiator, and wherein circulate by absorberFluid is through core or next-door neighbour's core.

The shell body of collector preferably has reflective interior surfaces. Can be in reflective interior surfaces andBetween the outer surface of shell body, insulant is set, heat energy is remained in collector and prevented helpingHeat-energy losses is in ambient atmosphere.

There is the screen cloth of perforation to be preferably arranged between shell body and absorber. Be formed at perforationAt least one in multiple perforation in screen cloth be arranged to collector at least one hole pairStandard, is directly transferred on absorber with the incident beam that allows solar radiation.

According to a second aspect of the invention, provide the absorber that comprises main body, this main body hasWherein extend at least one fluid passage for fluid is circulated by described main body, described suctionReceive device and be arranged in use absorb the incident beam of solar radiation, with thus by solar radiant energyAmount changes into heat energy, and then heats the fluid circulating by absorber, and described absorber is by clothBe set to the homogeneous heating that is moved to contribute to absorber by mobile device.

The present invention also provides a kind of method of collecting solar radiation in one aspect of the method, and it comprises:

Reflection is also assembled solar radiation to form the solar radiation bundle of assembling along focal line;

The solar radiation bundle of described convergence is incided on absorber;

Absorbed the solar radiation bundle of described convergence by described absorber;

By described absorber, the solar radiation of described convergence is converted into heat energy;

Fluid is circulated by absorber to heat; And

Mobile described absorber is to reduce the surperficial some temperature of described absorber.

In one embodiment, collector also comprises pumping installations, for regulating transmission fluid to pass throughFlowing of absorber. Pumping installations is pump, and it is arranged to regulate the mobile to realize from inhaling of fluidReceive fluid temperature required of device output. Pumping installations also can have and regulates fluid by pipelineThe important function of pressure. For example,, if because the heat accumulation of pipeline inner fluid makes fluid pressureReach critical pressure, so that threaten the integrality of pipeline, pumping fluid passes through more quicklyPipeline will cause the cooling of fluid in pipeline.

Heat-transfer fluid is generally water. But, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that as heat transfer streamThe fluid of body can change according to the demand of system. For example, can be by the salt pumping of fusing by highAbsorber in temperature solar heat collecting system. It is also understood that fluid can be to flow by absorberLogical gas medium.

In one arrangement, absorber is the elongated recessed cylinder in end. Such configurationProvide larger when using compact cylinder and be used for heating connecing through the fluid of absorberContact area territory. Slender cylinder has enough diameters to maximize for collector shellIts efficiency.

Brief description of the drawings

Now will only with way of example, embodiments of the invention be described by reference to the accompanying drawings, in the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is showing of system of collecting for solar energy according to an embodiment of the inventionIntention;

Straight boring in the schematically illustrated collector according to an embodiment of the invention of Figure 1AWith angled boring;

Fig. 2 is the vertical view cutaway drawing of collector according to an embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3 is the cutaway view from the collector of the A-A intercepting of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the cutaway view of collector according to another embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 5 be according to another embodiment of the invention have multiple reflectors for solar energyThe schematic diagram of the system of thermal energy collecting;

Fig. 6 illustrates the method for collection solar radiation according to an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 schematically shows the system 10 of collecting for solar energy. System 10 comprises toolHave discoid surperficial 14 reflector 12, discoid surperficial 14 be arranged to reflection and along focal line meetingPoly-solar radiation is to form solar radiation bundle 16. System 10 also comprises the collection with shell body 20Device 18, shell body 20 has the hole 22 being arranged on wherein. Collector 18 comprises and is arranged on shell bodyAbsorber 24 in 20.

Solar radiation bundle 16 is arranged to hole 22 through collector 18 to absorber 24. InhaleReceive device 24 and be arranged to absorb solar radiation bundle 16, so that solar radiation is converted into such as heat energy justThe energy of profit, and heat medium, the fluid for example circulating by absorber. As shown in the figure, streamThe path that body forms via pipeline 26 and circulating by absorber 24.

Absorber 24 is arranged to rotate to contribute in absorber 24 equal around its longitudinal axisEven distribution of heat the heating of anti-stop. That is to say, on fixing absorber, directly receive incident lightThe part surface of bundle 16 is by the some temperature having far above the surperficial remainder of fixing absorber(spottemperature). This causes in part from the hotter outer surface of absorber to absorber outsideCollector radiation and increasing away from its heat in the expectation destination of absorber inside. It also causesThe reflectivity of this part of absorber increases, thereby reduces absorber inside by this two processesRequired absorbability, and therefore reduce the heat energy that can be used for being delivered to the fluid circulating by absorberAmount.

Imagination, alternatively or except around the rotation of its longitudinal axis or pivotable absorber 24, canWith along its longitudinal axis translation back and forth (translate) absorber 24. In fact, absorber 24 canWith mobile to contribute to that incident beam 16 is uniformly applied to absorber 24 in any suitable mannerSurface and/or homogeneous heating absorber 24. Imagination, maybe advantageously mobile absorber 24 withJust take substantially sinusoidal motion.

As previously mentioned, the solar radiation of incident is converted into heat energy by absorber 24, so that therefore heatingThe transmission fluid circulating by absorber 24. The movement of absorber 24 has reduced the table of absorber 24The point temperature of face is to increase the absorbability of absorber 24, and this can increase and can be heated to appointment againThe volume of the fluid of temperature and/or increase the temperature of this fluid. Heated fluid such as superheated steam canThen be used for using the conventional method such as steam turbine to produce electricity. Those skilled in the art shouldWork as understanding, can use system 10 to realize other application, such as heat rooms, swimming pool etc.

As shown in Figure 1, used convex lens from the solar radiation bundle 16 of discoid surperficial 14 reflections15 collimations, convex lens 15 are arranged on discoid surperficial 14 far-ends just away from discoid surperficial 14Focus place. As mentioned above, convex lens 15 can be have a plane surface and a nonreentrant surface flatFace convex lens, or it can have two nonreentrant surfaces, or it can be Fresnel lens. Luxuriant and rich with fragranceAlunite ear lens will have advantages of the solar radiative absorption reducing in lens 15 self, but it has meetingIntrafascicular some of poly-solar radiation are twisted instead of parallel shortcoming.

The solar radiation of reflection is collimated into light beam 16 by convex lens 15, and light beam 16 is directed to by receivingHole 22 in the shell body 20 of storage 18 is to incide on absorber 24.

It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that incident beam 16 can set up by alternate manner. ThisThe bright any ad hoc fashion being not limited to for setting up the incident beam being directed on absorber 24.

Different configurations can be taked in hole 22 in collector 18. For example, as shown in Figure 1A, hole22 can be formed as straight hole 22' or angled hole 22 ". If straight hole 22' is provided in collector 18,The incident beam that is only parallel to the endoporus of hole 22' can pass to incide on absorber 24. WhenUse angled boring 22 " time, the incident beam in the angular range of angled endoporus is by energyReach through hole 22 " to incide on absorber 24. When the solar radiation bundle of multiple incidents will be through hole22 o'clock, angled boring 22 " may be preferred.

Although the shape in hole 22 can change, the overall dimension in hole 22 should be controlled, to compareFrom through hole 22 and arrive absorber 24 one or more incident beams 16 energy amount andMinimize the amount of the energy that leaves collector 18 (, via reflection) loss. The increase of collector 18Efficiency realize by the amount that maximizes " holding back " heat energy in collector 18.

Another embodiment of collector 18 is shown in Figure 2. In this embodiment, collector 18Shell body 20 there is the additional holes 22B with respect to hole 22A, to allow other solar radiation bundle30 incide on absorber 24. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that shell body 20 can have manyIndividual hole 22 is to receive the other solar radiation bundle of incident.

Collector 18 shown in Fig. 2 comprises the perforation that has being arranged between shell body 20 and absorber 24Screen cloth 34. There is the screen cloth 34 of perforation to there is multiple perforation 36,37A, 37B. Perforation 37A,37B will aim to allow corresponding solar radiation bundle 16,30 to be directly sent to hole 22A and 22BOn absorber 24. Remaining perforation 36 is the interior table from the high reflection of shell body 20 by randomizationThe solar radiation that face 38 reflects and allow to be ultimately delivered on absorber 24.

The screen cloth 34 that it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that perforation plays prevention from absorber 24Reflection or some radiation of sending the useful effect that is reflected back absorber 24. From absorber 24Radiation major part through perforation is finally reflected back absorber 24 by randomisation process through perforation.

Perforation 36,37A, 37B can take different configurations. For example, perforation 36,37A,37B can be circle or square hole or can be elongated orifices, and this elongated orifices is with respect to absorber24 longitudinal axis or level or vertically extension.

The parallel solar radiation bundle of assembling at multiple concentrator horizontal aliguments and its gained caused throughIn the layout at the single hole in the shell body 20 of collector, allow that such light beam is without hindrance to be passed throughWill the be elongated level perforation of perforation. In another example, gained light beam will be through single holeThe multiple vertically aligned concentrator at place is by vertical perforation elongated needs.

Absorber 24 also comprises uneven outer surface 32, so as to incide on absorber 24 and not byThe solar radiation that absorber 24 absorbs is reflected away from its initial channel (, with light beam 16,30 one-tenthOne angle). This layout is preferred, with the radiation of guaranteeing reflection not via hole 22A and 22B toBack reflection goes out collector 18 and is lost in atmosphere. As previously mentioned, object is as far as possible by incident lightBundle all energy of 16,30 are retained in collector 18, so as its can finally be used for heating throughThe fluid of absorber 24.

The solar radiation of leaving the reflection of absorber 24 is incided on the screen cloth 34 of perforation, andOr be reflected back absorber 24 or by the perforation 36 through having in the screen cloth 34 of perforation. WearThe radiation in hole 36 will then be incided on the inner surface 38 of shell body 20, so that by randomizationPerforation 36 via the screen cloth 34 that has perforation is reflected back absorber 24. Therefore it should be understood that incidentLight beam 16 by from collector 18 and/or have the screen cloth 34 of perforation and/or each surface of absorber 24 anti-Penetrate and leave, absorb until it is directed to absorber 24 and is absorbed device 24. Incident beam 16 therefore" held back " in collector 18 inside, may be to the fluid circulating by absorber 24 thereby maximizeEnergy transmission.

(for example, polished steel) that the inner surface 38 of shell body 20 is high reflection, with by any incidentSolar radiation by there being the perforation 36 in the screen cloth 34 of perforation to be reflected back better absorber 24.In addition, there is the screen cloth 34 of perforation to there is the surface (for example, polished steel) of high reflection, with by incidentSolar radiation be finally reflected back absorber 24. Those skilled in the art also will understand, and have perforationScreen cloth 34 and shell body 20 heat is retained in collector 18 with via convection current and air transmittedCarry out heating absorption device 24. Correspondingly, the shell body 20 of collector 18 has the shell body of being arranged on 20Reflective inner surface 38 and outer surface between insulant, so that heat is further retained in to collectorIn 18.

In one embodiment, shell body comprises the thick of encirclement high reflection inner surface (for example polished steel)Insulant. Thermal insulation stops the transmission the resistance that are absorbed and be transferred to the heat of insulant by inner surfaceOnly enter illy hole and be insulated radiation or the heat that thing absorbs. Therefore, on insulantExist from the thermal gradient of temperature lower temperature to outside of internal heat. If the outer surface of shell bodyOverheat, thermal insulation must be considered as inadequate or inappropriate and lose efficacy.

It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that insulant is for keeping all types of radiation collectingHolding back in device is important. If for example for example, by fluid (water) pumping is tasted by insulantExamination is any cooling to insulant, and the cooling of the shell body that produced will impel more heats from receivingThe internal losses of storage.

Collector 18 can comprise retractable shield 39, and it is arranged to when flowing by absorber 24When logical fluid reaches maximum operating temp or when in the danger of system in overheated and damage selfTime optionally close closed pore 22A, 22B, to stop absorber 24, solar radiation is transformed to heat energy.In this case, each shield 39 also can have reflective outer surfaces, for reflecting incident tooSun radiation is to minimize the absorption of heat energy in collector 18. In unshowned layout, shield 39Be arranged in collector 18 peripheral operations.

Fig. 3 shows the sectional view that collector 18 shown in Fig. 2 intercepts along A-A. Absorber 24Seal 40, two pipelines of one or more pipelines and illustrate with way of example, for passing through absorber24 length flow-through fluid. Absorber 24 is also sealed elongated core 41, and core 41 has high suctionThe property received and and conductibility, and it can be made up of for example copper or bronze, to retain from absorberThe heat energy of 24 transmission, and then further heat the fluid in one or more pipelines 40 by conduction.

Absorber 24 is that the elongated end of sealing parallelpiped 40 is recessed into (hollowended)Cylinder. But, imagination pipeline 40 can curl up, for example have spiral-shaped, to increaseSurface area with the pipeline 40 of absorber 24 close contacts, can be heated to assigned temperature to increaseThe volume of fluid.

Absorber can be by making to have high absorption such as the material of copper, cast iron or bronze.The surface of absorber is preferably configured to stop reflection and can comprises that face coat absorbs journey to increaseDegree.

As mentioned above, absorber 24 is arranged to be moved to contribute to uniform heat distribution and preventOn absorber 24, form focus. The movement of absorber 24 can realize by any suitable method.Be known for applying method in rotary moving to object, therefore will be not described in detail. For example,Can with simple motor make absorber 24 around its longitudinal axis in clockwise or counterclockwise sideRotate up.

For the surface temperature that absorber 24 is consistent in vertical direction except circumferentially,Absorber 24 can be moved around along the longitudinal axis of absorber 24 by suitable mechanism. Equally, useBe known in the method that such range of movement is provided for object, therefore no longer describe herein.

Imagination, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will comprise such absorber 24: its as required andRotation, translation and/or rotation and translation, to contribute to the surface of homogeneous heating absorber 24.

The internal temperature of sensor (not shown) with monitoring collector can be set, so as to guarantee realize andKeep optimized operating temperature. Sensor for example can be positioned at center core, pipeline is inside and outsideBetween housing and absorber and on absorber.

Can provide control system to receive the input from sensor, then control fluid to be heatedRate of pumping. Control system can be controlled the movement of absorber 24 in addition or alternatively, with optimumChange the heating curves of absorber 24 and/or the operation of shield system 39, to reduce and/or close defeatedEnter the solar radiation in collector 18.

Fig. 4 shows collector 118 according to another embodiment of the invention. Collector 118Comprise and have the shell body 220 that is arranged on hole wherein 222, hole 222 is arranged to receive incidentRadiation beam 16. The inner surface of housing 220 is by high polish, to promote the reflection of any incident radiation.

In the housing 220 of collector 118, absorber 224 is installed. Absorber 224 is that end is recessedThe cylindrical member entering, it is arranged to rotation and swings to prevent the radiation beam 16 due to incidentAnd some heating absorption device 224. Absorber 224 has dim facing to hinder reflection.

The cylinder core 226 of height conductive material (for example, copper, bronze) is positioned at movably and absorbsIn the inner surface of device 224 and near this inner surface. Elongated core is provided for retaining the heat transformingEnergy.

Core 226 is fixing, and comprises path 228, and heat-transfer fluid passes through path 228 by pumpSend or be otherwise arranged to and flow. Transmission fluid is heated when through core 226 also canBe used for as domestic heat below or drive steam turbine etc.

Although not shown, path 228 can be taked winding raod footpath, so that maximum heat transfer streamBody in time of core 226 interior costs to contribute to heating.

There is the screen cloth 234 of perforation to be fixedly mounted in housing 220 and around absorber 224.

As shown in Figure 4, housing 220 can comprise top 220A and bottom 220B, absorber 224Can stretch into top 220A and bottom 220B with core 226. There is the screen cloth 234 of perforation not stretch intoTop 220A and bottom 220B. Housing 220 forms around the chamber of absorber 224.

Fig. 5 shows another system for collecting solar energy, and wherein collector 18 hasMultiple hole 22A to 22J, these holes are arranged to receive from multiple reflector 12A's to 12JCorresponding solar radiation bundle. In this embodiment, reflector 12A to 12J circumferential arrangement is between two partiesThe collector 18 of location is around to receive solar radiation and by its convergence with reflex on collector 18.Reflector 12A to 12J is arranged to horizontally-arranged, and wherein first row reflector 12A to I2E has ratioThe vertical height that second row reflector 12F to 12J is larger. In this case, first row reflectionDevice 12A to I2E is arranged to solar radiation bundle to reflex to the hole 22A to 22E that first row is corresponding,Hole 22A to 22E is circumferentially arranged on collector 18 on the second round 22F to 22J, hole22F to 22J is arranged to receive the solar radiation bundle from second row reflector 12F to 12J. ThisThe technical staff in field will understand, and holes more than two rows can be set in collector 18, and canTo arrange that a more than reflector is to pass through same holes by the reflection of solar radiation bundle.

Fig. 6 shows the method for collecting solar radiation. Method 56 comprises: step 58, it is anti-Penetrate and assemble solar radiation to form the solar radiation bundle of assembling along focal line; Step 60, it is by the sunRadiation beam incides on absorber; And step 62, it is absorbed the solar radiation of assembling by absorberBundle. Method 56 also comprises: step 64, and it is converted into heat energy by absorber by solar radiation; Step66, it makes fluid be circulated and be heated with the heat energy being transformed like this by absorber; And step 68,It moves absorber and (, does not form temperature with the some temperature in the absorber surface of reduction light beam incident placeSpend high focus), and therefore increase the absorbability of absorber and increase thus solar radiation toThe transformation efficiency of heat energy.

Should be appreciated that according to described embodiments of the invention, the solar radiation bundle of convergence is ledTo with unhinderedly through aperture or hole in collector. This carries out with high accuracy, once andIn collector inside, radiation just can only be overflowed with very large difficulty. The effect producing is institute almostThere is the solar radiation of incident to be finally converted into the heat energy that can be used to add heat transfer fluids.

According to preferred embodiment, collector is cylindrical structural, and it has the inwall (example of high reflectionAs polished steel) and there is the middle absorbent device of dim facing, the facing of this dimness impels to be held backSolar radiation is preferentially absorbed device and absorbs. Absorber rotates simultaneously and swings, thereby produces sinusoidal fortuneMoving to contribute to the homogeneous heating of absorber. Absorber is taked the recessed cylindrical form in end,This cylinder surrounds completely and close contact has the cylindrical of high heat absorptivity and conductive materialBlock (for example copper billet body). Path for heat-transfer fluid extends through block. In one form,Path is set up by one or more pipelines can with helical configuration. Transmit fluid and be pumped through pipeRoad is to heat.

Absorber is arranged to move when block is fixing. In the time that absorber heats, absorberServe as radiator and heat radiation is arrived around it. This means except heat packs is containing fluid passageOutside material block, absorber is by the cylindrical structural to collector heat radiation.

Run into the inwall of the high reflection of collector from absorber to extraradial heat, then reflectionReturn absorber. This process repeats, and make in situation as much as possible, and notice will in systemAll the time have certain inefficient and loss, the incident radiation that enters collector via hole is finally inhaledReceipts device absorbs, and is then used for adding heat transfer fluids. This is arranged as solar energy incident beam and is converted intoThe heat energy that is used for eventually adding heat transfer fluids has been set up the efficiency of height.

Collector preferably insulate well in outside, is reflecting with any heat preventingIn journey, leave inwall, or the radiation being reflected back illy by hole or hole is outside from collectorOverflow. Object is in order to trap any radiation or heat, to allow this radiation or heat to serve asCushion is to prevent the inside of more heat effusion collector 20.

In collector, preferably adopt the screen cloth that has perforation. In one form, screen cloth is included in twoSide has the recessed cylindrical member in end on press polished surface. The perforated design Cheng Yun of screen clothThe solar radiation bundle of being permitted the convergence of incident is directly sent on absorber. What reflect from absorber is remarkableThe incident radiation of amount and the radiation of being sent by absorber by screen cloth be directly reflected back absorber or by fromAbsorber is returned in the other reflection indirect reference of the inner surface of screen cloth. Pass the spoke of the perforation of screen clothPenetrate part and run into the inwall of collector and be reflected in collector, until it is randomly by perforationReturn finally run into absorber and be absorbed. This system can not be perfectly, for example some energyAmount is lost and is transformed into and can slowly loses by the tape insulation outer wall of collector in reflection processHeat. Therefore, the solar energy major part that enters collector is finally absorbed, and fraction withAlternate manner scatters and disappears.

Absorber has irregular surface (for example, corrugated surface), this surface stop be reflected and not byAny incident radiation absorbing is reflected back along the path identical with its entrance, incident in this caseRadiation can be left and be lost in atmosphere via its identical entrance. Object is any in order to preventThe energy of reflection leaves collector via aperture or hole identical when entering collector.

In alternative arrangement, collector can comprise inner and outer wall, and between has for connecingReceive the space of the stream that transmits fluid. Transmitting fluid is pumped through this space and is moving through this skyBetween time heated. Inwall will have dim and absorbefacient inner surface, and outer wall will be by wellInsulation is to prevent that heat is from this space loss.

In another alternative, container can comprise having and is limited to transmission wherein fluid passageWall. This passage can be formed by the conduit extending in wall of a container or pipe.

Advance by any layout of the space in chamber wall or (multiple) passage according to transmitting fluid, holdOne or more holes in device are configured to and described space or (multiple) channel separation.

A kind of inventor preferred solar-energy collecting method is to use the inner surface with high reflectionTwo relative three dimensional parabolic line structures, one is large, and one is little. The configuration of these structures makes to put downThe solar radiation of row is being drawn towards focus after the internal surface reflection of structure. Main paraboloidal reflectorCollect solar radiation at its focus place greatly and along its focal line, afterwards, radiation disperses to run into againThe little inferior paraboloidal reflector in the focus distally of main paraboloidal reflector. Main reflector and secondary reflectionDevice shares public focal line (but in the opposite direction) and public focus. Final result is parallel convergence spokePenetrate and transmit to exist by the hole main paraboloidal reflector from inferior paraboloidal reflector along public focal lineIts limit (pole) is located to leave. If need the radiation of higher convergence, system can copy itSelf realizes this purpose. Level crossing then by the beam direction of assembling to the hole in collectorMouthful. If radiation convergence is high, may owning in the radiation of the such high concentration of receptionAfter the reflecting surface of reflector, adopt cooling system.

Such concentrator is arranged and can be located to be had high by half at its collection surface place and limit (having hole)The plate glass of transparency or there is the dull and stereotyped synthetic material " blockade " of high translucence, " close to formEnvelope unit ". This can have in the time safeguarding such concentrator guarantees that its reflecting surface is clean and keepsThe major advantage of highly reflective.

As modification, replace in the sealing of the limit place of main paraboloidal reflector, " sealing unit " canAt distal seal, for example, through the first guide surface mirror or at follow-up guidance mirrors far-end.

It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that can be in the feelings that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present inventionUnder condition, carry out many amendments.

Run through description and the claim of this description, term " comprises (comprise) " and modification,For example " comprise (comprising) " and " form (comprise) " is not intended to get rid of other additive, portionPart, integer or step.

To the discussion of document, behavior, material, device, goods etc. be comprised in this manualBe only used to the invention provides context. This do not represent or represent in these contents appointAnticipate one or all formed before the priority date of every claim of the application and existField related to the present invention in prior art basis or a part for known general technology.

Claims

1. a solar collector, comprising: shell body, and it has at least one hole being arranged on wherein; And absorber, it is arranged in described shell body, described hole is arranged to receive the solar radiation bundle through the collimation through converging wherein, described solar radiation bundle is incided on described absorber, the energy that described absorber is arranged to the described solar radiation bundle that absorbs incident taking therefore by Conversion of Energy as heat energy, the fluid circulating by described absorber with heating, and described absorber is arranged to be moved to contribute to by mobile device the homogeneous heating of described absorber, wherein in use:

(i) the major part from described absorber to extraradial heat energy is radiated the reflective interior surfaces of shell body, and the major part from described absorber to extraradial heat energy is retained in collector, and/or

(ii) the major part of the solar radiation bundle being reflected by the outer surface of absorber reflexes in the reflective interior surfaces of shell body, and the energy of folded light beam is retained in collector.

2. solar collector according to claim 1, wherein, described absorber is arranged to be rotated by described mobile device.

3. solar collector according to claim 1, wherein, described absorber is arranged to the longitudinal axis translation along described absorber by described mobile device.

4. solar collector according to claim 1, wherein, described mobile device moves described absorber, to make described absorber take sinusoidal motion.

5. solar collector according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described fluid circulates by described absorber via tortuous passage.

6. solar collector according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described collector also comprises for regulating described fluid by the mobile pumping installations of described absorber.

7. solar collector according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described absorber has outer surface, and described outer surface is configured to any not absorption portion of the described solar radiation bundle of incident to reflex on the inner surface of described collector.

8. solar collector according to claim 7, wherein, the described outer surface of described absorber is uneven.

9. solar collector according to claim 7, wherein, described outer surface is wavy, or comprises multiple hillocks or pit.

10. solar collector according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described absorber comprises the core that serves as radiator, and the described fluid wherein circulating by described absorber passes described core or is close to described core.

11. solar collectors according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described shell body has reflective interior surfaces.

12. solar collectors according to claim 11, wherein, described shell body comprises the insulant between described reflective interior surfaces and the outer surface that is arranged on described shell body.

13. solar collectors according to claim 1 and 2, also comprise the screen cloth that has perforation being arranged between described shell body and described absorber, described in have the screen cloth of perforation to comprise multiple perforation.

14. solar collectors according to claim 13, wherein, at least one in described multiple perforation aims to allow described solar radiation bundle to pass to incide on described absorber with described at least one hole in described collector.

15. solar collectors according to claim 13, wherein, described perforation is circle or square hole, or can be longitudinal axis or level or vertically extending elongated orifices with respect to described absorber.

16. solar collectors according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, insulant is arranged in the described shell body of described collector.

17. solar collectors according to claim 1 and 2, also comprise the retractable shield that is arranged to optionally cut out described at least one hole.

18. solar collectors according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described shell body is substantially around described absorber.

19. 1 kinds comprise the absorber of main body, described main body has at least one fluid passage of extending therein for making fluid through described main body circulation, described absorber is arranged in use absorb the incident beam of solar radiation, thus solar radiation energy is changed into heat energy, and then heating is through the described fluid of described absorber circulation, and described absorber is arranged to be moved to contribute to by mobile device the homogeneous heating of described absorber.

20. absorbers according to claim 19, also comprise the screen cloth that has perforation being arranged to around described absorber extension.