CN102956367A - Electrolyte and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Electrolyte and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102956367A CN102956367A CN2011102379184A CN201110237918A CN102956367A CN 102956367 A CN102956367 A CN 102956367A CN 2011102379184 A CN2011102379184 A CN 2011102379184A CN 201110237918 A CN201110237918 A CN 201110237918A CN 102956367 A CN102956367 A CN 102956367A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Abstract
An electrolyte comprises tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid and an alkyl diimine compound dissolved in the tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid. The mass ratio of the tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid and the alkyl diimine compound is 1 :( 0.001-1):0.05. In the electrolyte, the added alkyl diimine compound can be combined with an H bondof water molecules, and accordingly water is prevented from participating in an electrode reaction so as not to produce acid to corrode aluminum foil of a double-layer capacitor, stability of the double-layer capacitor using the tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid as the electrolyte can be greatly improved, the stability of the double-layer capacitor using the electrolyte can be greatly improved by adding the alkyl diimine compound, and cost is lowered.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to a kind of electrolyte, relate in particular to a kind of electrolyte and compound method thereof that contains tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid.
[background technology]
Double electric layer capacitor is a kind of novel energy storage device, has the advantages such as high power density, high cycle life, fast charging and discharging performance be good, is widely used in the AC-battery power source of military field, device for mobile communication, computer and electric automobile etc.As the important component part of double electric layer capacitor, electrolyte has a significant impact the accumulate performance of double electric layer capacitor, is determining the equivalent internal resistance of capacitor, operating voltage range, accumulate capacity and working temperature and operational environment.
Ionic liquid is in room temperature or the organic liquid material that is comprised of ion fully under near the condition of room temperature.As a kind of novel electrolyte.Ionic liquid has the advantages such as electrochemical window is wide, non-volatile, not flammable, Heat stability is good as electrolyte.Tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid is because cost of material is low, it is one of il electrolyte that relatively has DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT, yet, tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid moisture absorption is very strong, in the electrochemistry cyclic process, the water that tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid absorbs will participate in the motor reaction and generate acid, the aluminium foil that acid can the corrosion double layer capacitor, the stability reduction of the double electric layer capacitor that causes using tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid to do electrolyte.
[summary of the invention]
In view of above-mentioned condition, be necessary to provide electrolyte of a kind of stability that increases double layer capacitor and preparation method thereof.
A kind of electrolyte, comprise tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid and be dissolved in alkyl diimine compounds in the described tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid, the mass ratio of described tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid and described alkyl diimine compounds is 1: 0.001～1: 0.05.
In a preferred embodiment, described alkyl diimine compounds is N, N '-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or N, N '-two cyclopenta carbodiimide.
In a preferred embodiment, described tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid by tetrafluoroborate anion and imidazole salt cation, quaternary ammonium salts cation, pyrroles's salt cationoid, season the phosphonium salt cationoid or the pyridiniujm cationoid consist of.
In a preferred embodiment, described imidazole salt cation is 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole cation, 1-propyl group-3-methylimidazole cation or 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole cation, described quaternary ammonium salts cation is methyl triethyl group quaternary ammonium cation, tetraethyl quaternary ammonium cation or trimethyl propyl group quaternary ammonium cation, described pyrroles's salt cationoid is butyl methyl pyrroles cation, propyl group methylpyrrole cation or ethyl-methyl pyrroles cation, described season, the phosphonium salt cationoid was trimethyl hexyl season phosphine cation, triethyl group hexyl season phosphine cation or tri-methyl-amyl season the phosphine cation, described pyridiniujm cationoid is the butyl-pyridinium cation, pentyl pyridine cation or hexyl pyridylium.
A kind of electrolyte comprises the product that can be obtained by following chemical reaction:
Step 1, mass ratio is provided is 1: 0.001～1: 0.05 tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid and alkyl diimine compounds, contains inevitable impurity in the described tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid, and described impurity is water;
Step 2, add alkyl diimine compounds and stirring and dissolving in the described tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid.
In a preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of described tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid and described alkyl diimine compounds is 1: 0.02～1: 0.05.
In a preferred embodiment, described alkyl diimine compounds is N, N '-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or N, N '-two cyclopenta carbodiimide.
A kind of compound method of electrolyte may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, mass ratio is provided is 1: 0.001～1: 0.05 tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid and alkyl diimine compounds;
Step 2, add described alkyl diimine compounds and stirring and dissolving in the described tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid.
In a preferred embodiment, described tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid by trifluoroacetic acid root anion and imidazole salt cation, quaternary ammonium salts cation, pyrroles's salt cationoid, season the phosphonium salt cationoid or the pyridiniujm cationoid consist of.
In a preferred embodiment, described alkyl diimine compounds is N, N '-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or N, N '-two cyclopenta carbodiimide.
Above-mentioned electrolyte, by adding alkyl diimine compounds, the H bond of alkane diimine compounds energy and hydrone is closed, thereby avoid water to participate in the aluminium foil of electrode reaction and then generation acid corrosion double layer capacitor, can greatly improve the stability of using this tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid to do the double layer capacitor of electrolyte; And the interpolation of alkyl diimine compounds can significantly increase the stability of the double layer capacitor that uses this electrolyte, reduces cost.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is the double layer capacitor of the electrolyte among the use embodiment one and the traditional ratio capacitance of double layer capacitor under different cycle-indexes.
[embodiment]
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment electrolyte and compound method thereof are described in further details.
The electrolyte of one execution mode, comprise tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid and be dissolved in alkyl diimine compounds in the described tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid, the mass ratio of described tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid and described alkyl diimine compounds is 1: 0.001～1: 0.05.
Tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid by tetrafluoroborate anion and imidazole salt cation, quaternary ammonium salts cation, pyrroles's salt cationoid, season the phosphonium salt cationoid or the pyridiniujm cationoid consist of.
Preferably, the imidazole salt cation is 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole cation, 1-propyl group-3-methylimidazole cation or 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole cation.
Preferably, the quaternary ammonium salts cation is methyl triethyl group quaternary ammonium cation, tetraethyl quaternary ammonium cation or trimethyl propyl group quaternary ammonium cation.
Preferably, the pyroles cation is butyl methyl pyrroles cation, propyl group methylpyrrole cation or ethyl-methyl pyrroles cation.
Preferably, season the phosphonium salt cationoid be trimethyl hexyl season phosphine cation, triethyl group hexyl season phosphine cation or tri-methyl-amyl season the phosphine cation.
Preferably, the pyridiniujm cationoid is butyl-pyridinium cation, pentyl pyridine cation or hexyl pyridylium.
Alkyl diimine compounds is preferably N, N '-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or N, N '-two cyclopenta carbodiimide.Be appreciated that alkyl diimine compounds is not limited to N, N '-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or N, N '-two cyclopenta carbodiimide, so long as can with tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid in steeping in water for reconstitution give birth to reaction and get final product.
The mass ratio of tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid and alkyl diimine compounds is preferably 1: 0.02～and 1: 0.05.
Above-mentioned electrolyte, by adding alkyl diimine compounds, the H bond of alkane diimine compounds energy and hydrone is closed, thereby avoid water to participate in the aluminium foil of electrode reaction and then generation acid corrosion double layer capacitor, can greatly improve the stability of using this tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid to do the double layer capacitor of electrolyte; And the interpolation of alkyl diimine compounds can significantly increase the stability of the double layer capacitor that uses this electrolyte, reduces cost.
The electrolyte of one execution mode comprises the product that can be obtained by following chemical reaction:
Step 1, mass ratio is provided is 1: 0.001～1: 0.05 tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid and alkyl diimine compounds, contains inevitable impurity in the tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid, and described impurity is water.
Tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid by tetrafluoroborate anion and imidazole salt cation, quaternary ammonium salts cation, pyrroles's salt cationoid, season the phosphonium salt cationoid or the pyridiniujm cationoid consist of.
Preferably, the imidazole salt cation is 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole cation, 1-propyl group-3-methylimidazole cation or 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole cation.
Preferably, the quaternary ammonium salts cation is methyl triethyl group quaternary ammonium cation, tetraethyl quaternary ammonium cation or trimethyl propyl group quaternary ammonium cation.
Preferably, the pyroles cation is butyl methyl pyrroles cation, propyl group methylpyrrole cation or ethyl-methyl pyrroles cation.
Preferably, season the phosphonium salt cationoid be trimethyl hexyl season phosphine cation, triethyl group hexyl season phosphine cation or tri-methyl-amyl season the phosphine cation.
Preferably, the pyridiniujm cationoid is butyl-pyridinium cation, pentyl pyridine cation or hexyl pyridylium.
Alkyl diimine compounds is preferably N, N '-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or N, N '-two cyclopenta carbodiimide.Be appreciated that alkyl diimine compounds is not limited to N, N '-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or N, N '-two cyclopenta carbodiimide gets final product so long as can give birth to reaction with the steeping in water for reconstitution of tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid moisture absorption.
The mass ratio of tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid and described alkyl diimine compounds is preferably 1: 0.02～and 1: 0.05.
Step 2, add alkyl diimine compounds and stirring and dissolving in the tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid.
When above-mentioned electrolyte prepares, by in tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid, adding alkyl diimine compounds, the H bond of alkane diimine compounds energy and hydrone is closed, thereby avoid water to participate in the aluminium foil of electrode reaction and then generation acid corrosion double layer capacitor, can greatly improve the stability of using this tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid to do the double layer capacitor of electrolyte; And the interpolation of alkyl diimine compounds can significantly increase the stability of the double layer capacitor that uses this electrolyte, reduces cost.
The compound method of the electrolyte of one execution mode may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, mass ratio is provided is 1: 0.001～1: 0.05 tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid and alkyl diimine compounds.
Tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid by tetrafluoroborate anion and imidazole salt cation, quaternary ammonium salts cation, pyrroles's salt cationoid, season the phosphonium salt cationoid or the pyridiniujm cationoid consist of.
Preferably, the imidazole salt cation is 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole cation, 1-propyl group-3-methylimidazole cation or 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole cation.
Preferably, the quaternary ammonium salts cation is methyl triethyl group quaternary ammonium cation, tetraethyl quaternary ammonium cation or trimethyl propyl group quaternary ammonium cation.
Preferably, the pyroles cation is butyl methyl pyrroles cation, propyl group methylpyrrole cation or ethyl-methyl pyrroles cation.
Preferably, season the phosphonium salt cationoid be trimethyl hexyl season phosphine cation, triethyl group hexyl season phosphine cation or tri-methyl-amyl season the phosphine cation.
Preferably, the pyridiniujm cationoid is butyl-pyridinium cation, pentyl pyridine cation or hexyl pyridylium.
Alkyl diimine compounds is preferably N, N '-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or N, N '-two cyclopenta carbodiimide.Be appreciated that alkyl diimine compounds is not limited to N, N '-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or N, N '-two cyclopenta carbodiimide gets final product so long as can give birth to reaction with the steeping in water for reconstitution of tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid moisture absorption.
The mass ratio of tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid and described alkyl diimine compounds is preferably 1: 0.02～and 1: 0.05.
Step 2, add alkyl diimine compounds and stirring and dissolving in the tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid.
The compound method of above-mentioned electrolyte, in tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid, add alkyl diimine compounds, H bond by alkane diimine compounds and hydrone is closed, thereby remove free water in the tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid, avoid water to participate in the aluminium foil of electrode reaction and then generation acid corrosion double layer capacitor, can greatly improve the stability of using this tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid to do the double layer capacitor of electrolyte; And the interpolation of alkyl diimine compounds can significantly increase the stability of the double layer capacitor that uses this electrolyte, reduces cost.
Below be the embodiment part:
Embodiment one
Alkyl diimine compounds is added in the tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid, be stirred to dissolving and can obtain electrolyte.
In the present embodiment, alkyl diimine compounds is N, N '-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid are 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate, and the mass ratio of tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid and alkyl diimine compounds is 1: 0.05.
In the present embodiment, during preparation electrolyte, in glove box, carry out, with N, N '-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide adds to stir in the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate made N in 10～60 minutes, and N '-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide is dissolved in the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate.
Above-mentioned electrolyte is applied to double layer capacitor and measures this double layer capacitor stability.
During measuring stability, take Graphene as electrode material, use the electrolyte of embodiment one preparation, be assembled into button cell, utilize the CHI660A electrochemical workstation that it is carried out the constant current charge-discharge test, record it than electric capacity conservation rate, namely under 30 degrees celsius, in 0～2v window ranges, with the ratio electric capacity and the ratio of first charge-discharge than electric capacity after 1000 circulations of constant current repeated charge of 1A/g.
See also Fig. 1, Fig. 1 does not add N for the double layer capacitor that uses the electrolyte in the present embodiment with use, and the tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid of N '-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide is as the ratio capacitance of double layer capacitor under different cycle-indexes of electrolyte.As can be seen from Figure 1, use the first charge-discharge of the double layer capacitor of the electrolyte that present embodiment provides to be 108.19F/g than electric capacity, the ratio electric capacity that circulates after 1000 times is 92.75F/g, and its conservation rate is 85.73%; Do not add N and use, the tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid of N '-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide is 108.7F/g as the first charge-discharge of the double layer capacitor of electrolyte than electric capacity, and the ratio electric capacity that circulates after 1000 times is 83.03F/g, and its conservation rate is 76.38%; Use present embodiment electrolyte double layer capacitor do not add N than electric capacity conservation rate than the use that records under the equal conditions, the tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate of N '-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide has improved 9.35% as the double layer capacitor of electrolyte than electric capacity conservation rate, uses the stability of double layer capacitor of the electrolyte of present embodiment to be greatly improved.
Embodiment two to 18
Among the embodiment two to 18, alkyl diimine compounds is added in the tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid, be stirred to dissolving and can obtain electrolyte.During preparation electrolyte, in glove box, carry out.
Among the embodiment two to 18, the ratio that improves than electric capacity conservation rate and than electric capacity conservation rate after proportioning, mixing time, the circulation of alkyl diimine compounds, tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid, tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid and alkyl diimine compounds 1000 times is referring to table 1.
The prescription of electrolyte and test data among table 1 embodiment two to 18
Among the embodiment two to 18, than identical among electric capacity conservation rate condition determination and the embodiment one; The ratio that improves than electric capacity conservation rate does not add alkyl diimine compounds for the use than recording under electric capacity conservation rate and the equal conditions of the double layer capacitor of the electrolyte that uses corresponding embodiment corresponding tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid is compared the percentage of raising as the double layer capacitor of electrolyte than electric capacity conservation rate.
As can be seen from Table 1, use being greatly improved than electric capacity conservation rate of double layer capacitor of electrolyte provided by the invention, use the stability of the double layer capacitor of electrolyte provided by the invention to be improved.
The above embodiment has only expressed several execution mode of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but can not therefore be interpreted as the restriction to claim of the present invention.Should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection range of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (10)
1. electrolyte, it is characterized in that: comprise tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid and be dissolved in alkyl diimine compounds in the described tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid, the mass ratio of described tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid and described alkyl diimine compounds is 1: 0.001～1: 0.05.
2. electrolyte as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described alkyl diimine compounds is N, N '-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or N, N '-two cyclopenta carbodiimide.
3. electrolyte as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid by tetrafluoroborate anion and imidazole salt cation, quaternary ammonium salts cation, pyrroles's salt cationoid, season the phosphonium salt cationoid or the pyridiniujm cationoid consist of.
4. electrolyte as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described imidazole salt cation is 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole cation, 1-propyl group-3-methylimidazole cation or 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole cation, described quaternary ammonium salts cation is methyl triethyl group quaternary ammonium cation, tetraethyl quaternary ammonium cation or trimethyl propyl group quaternary ammonium cation, described pyrroles's salt cationoid is butyl methyl pyrroles cation, propyl group methylpyrrole cation or ethyl-methyl pyrroles cation, described season, the phosphonium salt cationoid was trimethyl hexyl season phosphine cation, triethyl group hexyl season phosphine cation or tri-methyl-amyl season the phosphine cation, described pyridiniujm cationoid is the butyl-pyridinium cation, pentyl pyridine cation or hexyl pyridylium.
5. an electrolyte is characterized in that, comprises the product that can be obtained by following chemical reaction:
Step 1, mass ratio is provided is 1: 0.001～1: 0.05 tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid and alkyl diimine compounds, contains inevitable impurity in the described tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid, and described impurity is water;
Step 2, add alkyl diimine compounds and stirring and dissolving in the described tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid.
6. electrolyte as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: the mass ratio of described tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid and described alkyl diimine compounds is 1: 0.02～1: 0.05.
7. electrolyte as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: described alkyl diimine compounds is N, N '-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or N, N '-two cyclopenta carbodiimide.
8. the compound method of an electrolyte may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, mass ratio is provided is 1: 0.001～1: 0.05 tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid and alkyl diimine compounds;
Step 2, add described alkyl diimine compounds and stirring and dissolving in the described tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid.
9. the compound method of electrolyte as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: described tetrafluoro boric acid salt ionic liquid by trifluoroacetic acid root anion and imidazole salt cation, quaternary ammonium salts cation, pyrroles's salt cationoid, season the phosphonium salt cationoid or the pyridiniujm cationoid consist of.
10. the compound method of electrolyte as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that: described alkyl diimine compounds is N, N '-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide or N, N '-two cyclopenta carbodiimide.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102016209982A1 (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2017-12-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hybrid supercapacitor with increased lifespan |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6072693A (en) * | 1998-11-02 | 2000-06-06 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Electric double layer capacitor and separator therefor |
| CN1794390A (en) * | 2005-12-27 | 2006-06-28 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | Method of increasing specific capacity of double-layer capacitor |
| CN1854129A (en) * | 2005-03-29 | 2006-11-01 | 第一工业制药株式会社 | Superhigh purity ionic liquid |
| CN101809693A (en) * | 2007-07-25 | 2010-08-18 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | High voltage electrolytes |
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2011
- 2011-08-18 CN CN2011102379184A patent/CN102956367A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6072693A (en) * | 1998-11-02 | 2000-06-06 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Electric double layer capacitor and separator therefor |
| CN1854129A (en) * | 2005-03-29 | 2006-11-01 | 第一工业制药株式会社 | Superhigh purity ionic liquid |
| CN1794390A (en) * | 2005-12-27 | 2006-06-28 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | Method of increasing specific capacity of double-layer capacitor |
| CN101809693A (en) * | 2007-07-25 | 2010-08-18 | 霍尼韦尔国际公司 | High voltage electrolytes |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102016209982A1 (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2017-12-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hybrid supercapacitor with increased lifespan |
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Application publication date: 20130306 |