CN102760575A - Electrolyte for capacitor and capacitor using electrolyte - Google Patents
Electrolyte for capacitor and capacitor using electrolyte Download PDFInfo
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- CN102760575A CN102760575A CN2011101074564A CN201110107456A CN102760575A CN 102760575 A CN102760575 A CN 102760575A CN 2011101074564 A CN2011101074564 A CN 2011101074564A CN 201110107456 A CN201110107456 A CN 201110107456A CN 102760575 A CN102760575 A CN 102760575A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of electrochemistry and discloses an electrolyte for a capacitor and the capacitor using the electrolyte. The electrolyte for the capacitor comprises an ionic liquid and metallic simple substance powder in a mass ratio of (1:0.001)-(1:0.01). The electrolyte for the capacitor has the following beneficial effects that the electrolyte is prepared through the mixture and reaction of the ionic liquid and the metallic simple substance powder; after the ionic liquid is mixed with the metallic simple substance powder, the metallic simple substance powder is dissolved in the ionic liquid and becomes metallic ions, and the metallic ions are subjected to an oxidation-reduction reaction in the charge-discharge process of an electrical double layer capacitor to generate Faradic capacitance, thus greatly improving the specific capacitance of the electrical double layer capacitor; and the metallic simple substances are cheap and easy to obtain and are non-volatile, thus the danger coefficients of inflammability and explosibility can not be increased like organic additives. Thus, the electrolyte is safe and cheap and can greatly improve the specific capacity of the electrical double layer capacitor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrochemical field, relate in particular to a kind of capacitor electrolyte.This invention also relates to a kind of capacitor that uses this electrolyte.
Background technology
Double electric layer capacitor is a kind of novel energy storage device, has advantages such as high power density, high cycle life, fast charging and discharging performance be good, is widely used in the AC-battery power source of military field, device for mobile communication, computer and electric automobile etc.As the important component part of double electric layer capacitor, electrolyte has very big influence to the accumulate performance of double electric layer capacitor, is determining the operating voltage range of capacitor, accumulate capacity and working temperature and operational environment.
Ionic liquid is in room temperature or the organic liquid material of being made up of ion fully under near the condition of room temperature.As a kind of novel electrolyte, the application of double electric layer capacitor has been expanded in ion liquid appearance greatly.It has advantages such as conductivity height, electrochemical window are wide, non-volatile, not flammable, Heat stability is good.Ionic liquid has bright development prospect as the electrolyte of double electric layer capacitor, yet pure ionic liquid capacitance at ambient temperature is not high.Adopt the way of adding organic solvent (acetonitrile, propene carbonate, 1 one butyrolactone) to reach the purpose that improves capacitance, but make capacitor in use increase inflammable and explosive danger coefficient.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of safe and reliable, cost is low, and can improve the electrolyte of capacitor specific capacity.
Technical scheme of the present invention is following:
A kind of electrolyte for capacitor, it is formed by ionic liquid and metal simple-substance powder hybrid reaction, and the mass ratio of ionic liquid and metal simple-substance powder is 1: 0.001～1: 0.01; The mass ratio of preferred ion liquid and metal simple-substance powder is preferably 1: 0.005～and 1: 0.01; Said metal simple-substance powder is any in copper powder body, manganese powder body, iron powder body, cobalt powder body or the nickel powder body.
Wherein, described ionic liquid is made up of any one anion in glyoxaline cation and tetrafluoro boric acid anion, hexafluorophosphoric acid anion, two (trifluoromethyl sulphonyl) imines anion, acetate anion, methylsulfuric acid ester anion, trifluoroacetic acid anion, trifluoromethane sulfonic acid anion, dicyanogen methyl isophorone amine anion or the trifluoroacetyl fluoroform sulfonamide anions; And described glyoxaline cation is a kind of in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole cation, 1-propyl group-3-methylimidazole cation, the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole cation.
Wherein, described ionic liquid is made up of any one anion in pyrroles's cation and tetrafluoro boric acid anion, hexafluorophosphoric acid anion, two (trifluoromethyl sulphonyl) imines anion, acetate anion, methylsulfuric acid ester anion, trifluoroacetic acid anion, trifluoromethane sulfonic acid anion, dicyanogen methyl isophorone amine anion or the trifluoroacetyl fluoroform sulfonamide anions; And described pyrroles's cation is a kind of in butyl methyl pyrroles cation, propyl group methylpyrrole cation, the ethyl-methyl pyrroles cation.
Wherein, ionic liquid is 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate or butyl methyl pyrroles tetrafluoroborate.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of capacitor that uses above-mentioned electrolyte, this capacitor is a double electric layer capacitor.
Electrolyte for capacitor provided by the invention, it is formed by ionic liquid and metal simple-substance powder hybrid reaction, after ionic liquid and metal simple-substance powder mix; Soak a period of time (1 day-15 days) down in vacuum condition; The metal simple-substance powder is dissolved in the ionic liquid, becomes metal ion, and metal ion in the charge and discharge process of double electric layer capacitor redox reaction takes place; Produce faraday's electric capacity, thereby improved the ratio electric capacity of double electric layer capacitor greatly; And metal simple-substance cheaply is easy to get, and non-volatile, can not increase inflammable and explosive danger coefficient as organic additive; Therefore, safety of the present invention, cheap, and can improve the specific capacity of double electric layer capacitor greatly.
Description of drawings
The charging and discharging curve of the capacitor that Fig. 1 makes for the electrolyte that adopts among the embodiment 1.
Embodiment
Plant electrolyte for capacitor, it is formed by ionic liquid and metal simple-substance powder hybrid reaction, and the mass ratio of ionic liquid and metal simple-substance powder is 1: 0.001～1: 0.01; The mass ratio of preferred ion liquid and metal simple-substance powder is preferably 1: 0.005～and 1: 0.01; Said metal simple-substance powder is any in copper powder body, manganese powder body, iron powder body, cobalt powder body or the nickel powder body.
Wherein, described ionic liquid is made up of any one anion in glyoxaline cation and tetrafluoro boric acid anion, hexafluorophosphoric acid anion, two (trifluoromethyl sulphonyl) imines anion, acetate anion, methylsulfuric acid ester anion, trifluoroacetic acid anion, trifluoromethane sulfonic acid anion, dicyanogen methyl isophorone amine anion or the trifluoroacetyl fluoroform sulfonamide anions; And described glyoxaline cation is a kind of in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole cation, 1-propyl group-3-methylimidazole cation, the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole cation.
Wherein, described ionic liquid is made up of any one anion in pyrroles's cation and tetrafluoro boric acid anion, hexafluorophosphoric acid anion, two (trifluoromethyl sulphonyl) imines anion, acetate anion, methylsulfuric acid ester anion, trifluoroacetic acid anion, trifluoromethane sulfonic acid anion, dicyanogen methyl isophorone amine anion or the trifluoroacetyl fluoroform sulfonamide anions; And described pyrroles's cation is a kind of in butyl methyl pyrroles cation, propyl group methylpyrrole cation, the ethyl-methyl pyrroles cation.
Wherein, ionic liquid is 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate or butyl methyl pyrroles tetrafluoroborate.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of capacitor that uses above-mentioned electrolyte, this capacitor is a double electric layer capacitor.
Electrolyte for capacitor provided by the invention, it is formed by ionic liquid and metal simple-substance powder hybrid reaction, after ionic liquid and metal simple-substance powder mix; Soak a period of time (1 day-15 days) down in vacuum condition; The metal simple-substance powder is dissolved in the ionic liquid, becomes metal ion, and metal ion in the charge and discharge process of double electric layer capacitor redox reaction takes place; Produce faraday's electric capacity, thereby improved the ratio electric capacity of double electric layer capacitor greatly; And metal simple-substance cheaply is easy to get, and non-volatile, can not increase inflammable and explosive danger coefficient as organic additive; Therefore, safety of the present invention, cheap, and can improve the specific capacity of double electric layer capacitor greatly.
Among the present invention, the test of specific capacity of double-layer capacitor: with the Graphene is electrode material, is electrolyte with each embodiment; Be assembled into button cell, utilize the CHI660A electrochemical workstation that it is carried out the constant current charge-discharge test, record it and compare electric capacity; Promptly under 30 degrees celsius; In charging/discharging voltage 0-3v scope, after 50 circulations of constant current repeated charge with charging or discharging current 1A/g, obtain it and compare electric capacity; Than CALCULATION OF CAPACITANCE formula is C=dQ/dV=I/ (dV/dt); Wherein, I represents discharge current density, and V represents discharge voltage, and t represents discharge time.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, further explain is done in preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate and copper powder are mixed, and the mass ratio of 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate and copper powder is 1: 0.005.Said mixture was soaked 1 day down in vacuum condition, obtain electrolyte solution for electric double layer capacitor.
It is 68F/g that test draws the ratio electric capacity of using the double electric layer capacitor of electrolyte in the present embodiment; Than the application of pure ionic liquid that records under the equal conditions, promptly 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate is made the ratio electric capacity high by 53.8% (being 53.8% than capacitance ratio promptly) of the double electric layer capacitor of electrolyte.
The charging and discharging curve of the capacitor that Fig. 1 makes for the electrolyte that adopts among the embodiment 1; Wherein, charging/discharging voltage 0-3v, charging and discharging currents 1A/g.Chain-dotted line is the electrolyte of present embodiment, and solid line is pure ionic liquid.
Can calculate from the charging and discharging curve of Fig. 1: the ratio electric capacity that the application present embodiment is made the double electric layer capacitor of electrolyte is 68F/g; And application of pure ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate to make the ratio electric capacity of the double electric layer capacitor of electrolyte be 44.2F/g, the ratio electric capacity of double electric layer capacitor that the application of pure ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate than recording under the capacity ratio equal conditions that test draws the double electric layer capacitor of using this electrolyte solution for electric double layer capacitor is made electrolyte is high by 53.8%.
Embodiment 2～56 states list as follows:
Annotate: in the table,
1, A representes ionic liquid, and B representes the metal simple-substance powder;
2, exceeding ratio than electric capacity is among the corresponding embodiment, uses the percentage that the application of pure ionic liquid that records under ratio electric capacity and the equal conditions of double electric layer capacitor of electrolyte among the corresponding embodiment exceeds as the ratio electric capacity of the double electric layer capacitor of electrolyte;
3, among the embodiment 2～56, various preparation technology's flow processs are identical with embodiment 1 with test condition.
Should be understood that above-mentioned statement to preferred embodiment of the present invention is comparatively detailed, can not therefore think the restriction to scope of patent protection of the present invention, scope of patent protection of the present invention should be as the criterion with accompanying claims.
Claims (9)
1. a capacitor electrolyte is characterized in that, this electrolyte comprises ionic liquid and metal simple-substance powder, and the mass ratio of said ionic liquid and metal simple-substance powder is 1: 0.001～1: 0.01; Said metal simple-substance powder is any in copper powder body, manganese powder body, iron powder body, cobalt powder body or the nickel powder body.
2. capacitor electrolyte according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the mass ratio of said ionic liquid and metal simple-substance powder is 1: 0.005～1: 0.01.
3. capacitor electrolyte according to claim 1; It is characterized in that said ionic liquid is the ionic liquid that any one anion in glyoxaline cation and tetrafluoro boric acid anion, hexafluorophosphoric acid anion, two (trifluoromethyl sulphonyl) imines anion, acetate anion, methylsulfuric acid ester anion, trifluoroacetic acid anion, trifluoromethane sulfonic acid anion, dicyanogen methyl isophorone amine anion or the trifluoroacetyl fluoroform sulfonamide anions is formed.
4. capacitor electrolyte according to claim 3 is characterized in that, said glyoxaline cation is any in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole cation, 1-propyl group-3-methylimidazole cation or 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole cation.
5. capacitor electrolyte according to claim 1; It is characterized in that said ionic liquid is the ionic liquid that any one anion in pyrroles's cation and tetrafluoro boric acid anion, hexafluorophosphoric acid anion, two (trifluoromethyl sulphonyl) imines anion, acetate anion, methylsulfuric acid ester anion, trifluoroacetic acid anion, trifluoromethane sulfonic acid anion, dicyanogen methyl isophorone amine anion or the trifluoroacetyl fluoroform sulfonamide anions is formed.
6. capacitor electrolyte according to claim 5 is characterized in that, said pyrroles's cation is any in butyl methyl pyrroles cation, propyl group methylpyrrole cation or the ethyl-methyl pyrroles cation.
7. capacitor electrolyte according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said ionic liquid is 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate.
8. capacitor electrolyte according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said ionic liquid is a butyl methyl pyrroles tetrafluoroborate.
9. a capacitor is characterized in that, this capacitor comprises the arbitrary described electrolyte of claim 1 to 8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101074564A CN102760575A (en) | 2011-04-27 | 2011-04-27 | Electrolyte for capacitor and capacitor using electrolyte |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101074564A CN102760575A (en) | 2011-04-27 | 2011-04-27 | Electrolyte for capacitor and capacitor using electrolyte |
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| CN102760575A true CN102760575A (en) | 2012-10-31 |
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| CN2011101074564A Pending CN102760575A (en) | 2011-04-27 | 2011-04-27 | Electrolyte for capacitor and capacitor using electrolyte |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104466219A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-03-25 | 无锡中洁能源技术有限公司 | Storage battery electrolyte and preparation method thereof |
| CN116404256A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-07-07 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Electrolyte, battery monomer, battery and electric equipment |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102015666A (en) * | 2008-04-29 | 2011-04-13 | 默克专利有限公司 | Reactive ionic liquids |
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2011
- 2011-04-27 CN CN2011101074564A patent/CN102760575A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102015666A (en) * | 2008-04-29 | 2011-04-13 | 默克专利有限公司 | Reactive ionic liquids |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| F.-L.CHEN等: "Cu@C nanoparticles dispersed RTILs used in the DSSC electrolyte", 《NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS AND METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH A》 * |
| 孙国华等: "含Cu2+离子液体电解液电化学电容器的电化学性能研究", 《第八届全国新型炭材料学术研讨会论文集》 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104466219A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-03-25 | 无锡中洁能源技术有限公司 | Storage battery electrolyte and preparation method thereof |
| CN104466219B (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2017-06-20 | 无锡中洁能源技术有限公司 | A kind of battery liquid and preparation method thereof |
| CN116404256A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-07-07 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Electrolyte, battery monomer, battery and electric equipment |
| CN116404256B (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-10-27 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Electrolyte, battery monomer, battery and electric equipment |
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Application publication date: 20121031 |