CN102955098A - Neutral point non-effective earthing system single-phase earthing fault identification method - Google Patents
Neutral point non-effective earthing system single-phase earthing fault identification method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a neutral point non-effective earthing system single-phase earthing fault identification method which includes the steps that a zero sequence voltage instantaneous value and a instantaneous saltation value are taken as the startup criteria of an identification scheme; when any of the above values is out of the limit, an identification process is started, a saltation moment is determined according to a signal saltation point, and the effective values of the zero sequence voltages and the three-phase voltages in cycles before and after the signal saltation point and the variations of the effective values are calculated; and a single-phase earthing fault is judged to have happened only when the variation of the zero sequence voltage and the variations of all phases of voltage all satisfy all the criteria. The method takes voltage variation for identification, and the saltation of the state of the system can be reflected; a low threshold value scheme is adopted in the method, so the system can be started sensitively under a high impedance fault; and the multiple criteria scheme of zero sequence voltage and three-phase voltage are adopted, so the method has high reliability. The method is simple and easy to realize.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to system for distribution network of power singlephase earth fault method of discrimination, " low threshold value, many criterions " singlephase earth fault recognition detection method of particularly setting up by voltage variety before and after the fault in the system for distribution network of power.
Background technology
China's power distribution network mainly adopts the neutral non-effective grounding mode, comprises isolated neutral and resonance grounding, and actual motion finds that singlephase earth fault accounts for 80% of total failare in this type systematic.After singlephase earth fault occurs, the fault phase lower voltage, healthy phases voltage raises, and system line voltage is constant, and it is unaffected to power, and system allows to continue operation 2 hours, but long-play may cause fault spread or cause new fault.Therefore be positioned to research emphasis for single-phase earth fault line selection, and the detection of singlephase earth fault identification is the basis of accurately dropping into arc suppression coil, starting the failure line selection locating device.
After detecting system's generation singlephase earth fault generation, need in time to drop into arc suppression coil, and start the single-phase earth fault line selection locating device, identify fault outlet, failure judgement position.Classic method is when the identification singlephase earth fault, surpass setting threshold as condition criterion with the bus residual voltage, the residual voltage threshold range is 20% ~ 35% of phase voltage, because also can there be certain residual voltage in system when asymmetric operation, for distinguishing this kind situation, usually suitably heighten the residual voltage threshold value.
Yet during real system generation singlephase earth fault, often follow fault resstance ground connection, the bus residual voltage will reduce rapidly along with the increase of fault resstance this moment, and when fault resstance reaches certain level (with system line parameter, arc suppression coil relating to parameters), the bus residual voltage may be lower than setting threshold, with None-identified, arc suppression coil can not in time drop into tradition based on the recognition methods of bus residual voltage threshold value, and the line selection and location device also can't start.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of sensitivity, reliably singlephase earth fault recognition methods, overcome the shortcoming of classic method None-identified when single-phase high resistance earthing fault occurs.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the recognition methods of a kind of system with non-effectively earthed neutral singlephase earth fault, it is characterized in that: by Real-time Collection bus residual voltage and three-phase voltage, when bus residual voltage instantaneous value or instantaneous value variable quantity are out-of-limit, identify: according to sign mutation point fault moment, and calculate respectively residual voltage and three-phase voltage at the effective value of the forward and backward one-period of fault moment and the variable quantity that the two is corresponding, when satisfying following three criterions simultaneously, be determined with singlephase earth fault and occur;
Above-mentioned criterion is: residual voltage effective value variable quantity is greater than 0.05U
PhAnd be less than or equal to specified phase voltage U
PhAt least exist a phase voltage effective value variable quantity greater than 0.03U
PhAnd be less than or equal to 0.8229U
PhAt least exist a phase voltage effective value variable quantity less than-0.03U
PhAnd more than or equal to-Uph, but the setting of each parameter value is not limited to this, needs to determine according to the real system needs.
The recognition methods of described system with non-effectively earthed neutral singlephase earth fault, it is characterized in that, also have following recognition methods: the detection signal catastrophe point is the residual voltage effective value after 10 seconds, if the residual voltage effective value is compared with residual voltage effective value before the fault moment after 10 seconds, the former is greater than latter 0.05U
PhAnd less than U
Ph, then be determined with non-transient single-phase earth fault and occur.
The recognition methods of described system with non-effectively earthed neutral singlephase earth fault, it is characterized in that, when being determined with the singlephase earth fault generation, drop into arc suppression coil, when being determined with non-transient single-phase earth fault generation, starting single-phase earth fault line selection locating device, thus fault outlet, Judging fault position identified.
The voltage characteristic of the present invention during by centering point non-effectively earthed system generation singlephase earth fault carries out detailed theoretical analysis and simulation analysis, and carries out singlephase earth fault identification based on the modes such as " low threshold value, many criterions " of voltage variety.
The present invention mainly solves the identification problem that single-phase high resistance earthing fault occurs power distribution network.Utilize residual voltage instantaneous value and instantaneous mutation value as the identifying schemes start-up criterion, when wherein arbitrary value is out-of-limit, start identification process, determine sudden change constantly according to sign mutation point, and residual voltage and the three-phase voltage effective value of the cycle in calculative determination sign mutation point front and back and calculate its variable quantity; When satisfying each criterion simultaneously, and if only if residual voltage variable quantity and each phase voltage variable quantity judge that singlephase earth fault occurs.The method special character is: utilize voltage variety to identify, can reflect the sudden change of system state, " low threshold value " scheme suitably reduces threshold value when setting voltage variable quantity threshold value, can make when high impedance fault and can sensitively start, " many criterions " scheme has been considered the Changing Pattern of residual voltage and three-phase voltage simultaneously, guaranteed the reliability of method, and method is easy to simply realize.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, utilize voltage variety to analyze as feature, the sudden change of state in the time of can effectively reflecting the system failure;
2, utilize the scheme of " low threshold value " can guarantee still can identify when the system voltage variation characteristic is very little when high resistance earthing fault occurs;
3, utilize the scheme of " many criterions " to consider simultaneously each change in voltage feature of generation singlephase earth fault, guaranteed the reliability of recognition methods.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is singlephase earth fault illustraton of model (being faulty circuit figure).
Fig. 2 is that isolated neutral system residual voltage and three-phase voltage are with the fault resstance variation diagram.
Fig. 3 is singlephase earth fault recognizer process flow diagram.
Embodiment
During system with non-effectively earthed neutral generation singlephase earth fault, such as Fig. 1, when considering that fault resstance affects, suppose that singlephase earth fault, Z occur C mutually
CBe system's every phase circuit capacitance to earth, and Z is arranged
C=-jX
C, R
fBe fault resstance, U
PhBe the phase voltage ratings, there is following rule in system voltage (bus residual voltage and three-phase voltage):
When fault resstance was zero, fault phase (C phase) lower voltage was zero, and healthy phases (A, B) voltage raises and is 1.732U
Ph, residual voltage raises and is phase voltage U
Ph
When system was isolated neutral system, each phase voltage was with fault resstance variation characteristic such as Fig. 2, the increase of bus Zero Sequence Voltage Versus fault resstance and reducing, but still greater than the residual voltage of normal operating condition; Healthy phases (B phase) voltage of leading fault phase is 1.732U when fault resstance is zero
Ph, along with the increase of fault resstance, it increases gradually, when fault resstance satisfies R
f=0.1243X
cThe time, voltage reaches maximal value 1.8229U
Ph, when fault resstance continue to increase, voltage reduced gradually and is tending towards gradually phase voltage ratings U
PhThe healthy phases of hysteresis fault phase (A phase) voltage is 1.732U when fault resstance is zero
Ph, along with the increase of fault resstance, it reduces gradually, when fault resstance satisfies R
f=0.8941X
cThe time, voltage reaches minimum value 0.8229U
Ph, when fault resstance continue to increase, voltage increased gradually and is tending towards gradually phase voltage ratings U
PhAnd the maximum of the healthy phases voltage when finding system single-phase earth fault, minimum value and systematic parameter are irrelevant, and healthy phases will be maximum, fault resstance value corresponding to minimum value but systematic parameter will affect.
When system is resonant earthed system, different according to compensativity, system voltage with the Changing Pattern of fault resstance also with difference.For the under-compensation system, the change in voltage feature during system generation singlephase earth fault is similar to isolated neutral system, the corresponding fault resstance of institute and arc suppression coil relating to parameters when just healthy phases voltage is got maximin; For the over-compensation system, the change in voltage feature of its healthy phases is different, will there be minimum value in voltage to the healthy phases (B phase) of at this moment leading fault phase, and there is maximal value in the healthy phases of hysteresis fault phase (A phase) voltage, and the size of maximum, minimum value is with front identical.
Non-effectively earthed system singlephase earth fault change in voltage feature general rule: residual voltage increases, and its variable quantity scope is (0～1) U
PhFault phase lower voltage, variable quantity scope are (1～0) U
PhExist a non-false voltage (isolated neutral system and under-compensation system are the healthy phases of leading fault phase, and the over-compensation system is the healthy phases of hysteresis fault phase) to raise, the variable quantity scope is (0～0.8229) U
PhExist a healthy phases voltage (isolated neutral system and under-compensation system are the healthy phases of hysteresis fault phase, and the over-compensation system is the healthy phases of leading fault phase) may raise and may reduce, the variable quantity scope is (0.1771～0.732) U
PhEach voltage variety is as shown in table 1 behind the singlephase earth fault, and variable quantity is that timing represents that voltage raises after the fault, and variable quantity represents lower voltage after the fault, Δ U in the table 1 when negative
0, Δ U
A, Δ U
B, Δ U
CBe respectively the effective value variable quantity of the cycle in residual voltage and three-phase voltage fault front and back.Therefore can utilize voltage variety to consist of the singlephase earth fault identical criterion, but utilize the mutation status of variable quantity feature effecting reaction system, be the ensuring method sensitivity, reduce the criterion threshold value, be the reliability of ensuring method, utilize a plurality of criterions to judge simultaneously.
Residual voltage and phase voltage variable quantity scope in the table 1. singlephase earth fault situation
When detecting system zero sequence voltage appearance unusual (residual voltage instantaneous value or instantaneous value Sudden Changing Rate are that variable quantity is out-of-limit), calculate the residual voltage of one-period before and after occurring unusually and the effective value Sudden Changing Rate of three-phase voltage, when satisfying simultaneously: the residual voltage Sudden Changing Rate is greater than 0.05U
PhAnd be less than or equal to U
Ph, exist at least a phase voltage variable quantity greater than 0.03U
PhAnd be less than or equal to 0.8229U
Ph, exist at least a phase voltage variable quantity less than-0.03U
PhAnd during more than or equal to-Uph, be determined with singlephase earth fault and occur, drop into arc suppression coil, detect system zero sequence voltage effective value behind the 10S, if this moment, the residual voltage effective value was compared (the former deducts the poor of the latter) greater than 0.05U with residual voltage effective value before the fault
PhAnd less than U
Ph, then be determined with non-transient single-phase earth fault and occur, drop into failure line selection, locating device.
As shown in Figure 3, carry out the flow chart illustration of singlephase earth fault identification for this method:
(1) Real-Time Monitoring residual voltage instantaneous value is as residual voltage instantaneous value u
0Or instantaneous value Sudden Changing Rate Δ u
0When surpassing setting threshold, (the instantaneous value Sudden Changing Rate is the poor of this moment instantaneous value and last cycle instantaneous value) start record ripple and identification process, wherein Δ u
0=u
0k-u
0 (k-N), in the formula: u
0kBe the residual voltage instantaneous value of moment k, N is the sampling number of a power frequency period, u
0 (k-N)Be u
0kResidual voltage instantaneous value before the one-period.Each variable threshold is set as shown in Figure 3, but Threshold is not limited to this, determine according to the situation such as asymmetric of the normal operation of real system, and when degree of asymmetry is higher, can be with residual voltage instantaneous value u
0Threshold value suitably tunes up, and degree of asymmetry hour can be with residual voltage instantaneous value u
0Threshold value is suitably turned down.
(2) when surpassing setting threshold, residual voltage instantaneous value or instantaneous mutation amount start the record ripple, record ripple object comprises residual voltage and three-phase voltage, the record ripple time is 10 cycles (being the cycle) data behind front 5 cycles of Startup time and the Startup time, determine fault moment according to sign mutation point, and calculate respectively the voltage effective value of a cycle before and after residual voltage and the three-phase voltage fault moment, U in the process flow diagram
A', U
B', U
C', U
0' represent respectively the previous cycle effective value of A, B, C three-phase voltage and residual voltage fault, U
A, U
B, U
C, U
0Be cycle effective value after A, B, C three-phase voltage and the residual voltage fault, A phase voltage effective value variable quantity calculate as: Δ U
A=U
A-U
A', other are similar.
(3) when residual voltage Sudden Changing Rate and phase voltage Sudden Changing Rate meet the following conditions simultaneously, judge that residual voltage variation delta U occurs singlephase earth fault
0Satisfy 0.05U
Ph＜Δ U
0≤ U
Ph, and in the three-phase voltage variable quantity, exist a phase voltage variation delta U to satisfy 0.03U
Ph＜Δ U≤0.8229U
Ph, and exist a phase voltage variation delta U satisfy-Uph≤Δ U＜-0.03U
Ph, when satisfying simultaneously, three conditions that and if only if judge that singlephase earth fault occurs, can drop into arc suppression coil this moment, but Threshold is not limited to this, needs to consider according to systematic parameter.
(4) residual voltage effective value detection failure 10S(10 second), and calculate its poor with the last cycle effective value of fault (mean value that the cycle is interior), namely the residual voltage variable quantity still satisfies 0.05U
Ph＜Δ U
0＜U
PhThe time, judge to exist non-transient single-phase earth fault to occur, drop into the failure line selection locating device.
Claims (3)
1. system with non-effectively earthed neutral singlephase earth fault recognition methods, it is characterized in that: by Real-time Collection bus residual voltage and three-phase voltage, when bus residual voltage instantaneous value or instantaneous value variable quantity are out-of-limit, identify: according to sign mutation point fault moment, and calculate respectively residual voltage and three-phase voltage at the effective value of the forward and backward one-period of fault moment and the variable quantity that the two is corresponding, when satisfying following three criterions simultaneously, be determined with singlephase earth fault and occur;
Above-mentioned criterion is: residual voltage effective value variable quantity is greater than 0.05
U Ph And be less than or equal to specified phase voltage
U Ph At least exist a phase voltage effective value variable quantity greater than 0.03
U Ph And be less than or equal to 0.8229
U Ph At least exist a phase voltage effective value variable quantity less than-0.03
U Ph And more than or equal to-
U Ph
2. system with non-effectively earthed neutral singlephase earth fault according to claim 1 recognition methods, it is characterized in that, also have following recognition methods: the detection signal catastrophe point is the residual voltage effective value after 10 seconds, if the residual voltage effective value is compared with residual voltage effective value before the fault moment after 10 seconds, the former is greater than the latter 0.05
U Ph And less than
U Ph , judge that then this singlephase earth fault is non-transient single-phase earth fault.
3. system with non-effectively earthed neutral singlephase earth fault according to claim 1 and 2 recognition methods, it is characterized in that, when being determined with the singlephase earth fault generation, drop into arc suppression coil, when being determined with non-transient single-phase earth fault, starting single-phase earth fault line selection locating device, the outlet of identification fault, Judging fault position.
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