CN102954774B - Electromagnetic ultrasonic measuring device for wall thickness of steel tube based on magnetic focusing bridge circuit - Google Patents
Electromagnetic ultrasonic measuring device for wall thickness of steel tube based on magnetic focusing bridge circuit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于聚磁桥路的钢管壁厚电磁超声测量装置，包括穿过式磁化线圈、导磁元件、聚磁元件以及电磁超声检测线圈，其中磁化线圈用于将待检测钢管同心设置其中，由此在通电后产生沿其轴向分布的磁场；导磁元件呈板状结构对称设置在磁化线圈的外侧，用于使所产生的磁场沿着钢管法线方向分布；聚磁元件分别设置在各个所述导磁元件上，其下端贴近待检测钢管的外表面并保持间隙；电磁超声检测线圈安装在所述间隙中，用于在通以高频电流时执行对钢管壁厚的测量。本发明还公开了其他的构造形式。通过本发明，能够在待检测钢管的局部位置形成径向稳恒强磁场，并采用对称布置以消除对钢管的吸力，因而尤其适用于钢管在线高速测厚等用途。
The invention discloses an electromagnetic ultrasonic measuring device for the wall thickness of a steel pipe based on a magnetic concentrating bridge circuit, which includes a through-type magnetized coil, a magnetic conducting element, a magnetic concentrating element and an electromagnetic ultrasonic detection coil, wherein the magnetizing coil is used to align the steel pipe to be detected concentrically It is installed in it, so that a magnetic field distributed along its axial direction is generated after energization; the magnetic conductive element is arranged symmetrically outside the magnetizing coil in a plate-like structure, and is used to distribute the generated magnetic field along the normal direction of the steel pipe; the magnetic gathering element They are respectively arranged on each of the magnetic conduction elements, the lower end of which is close to the outer surface of the steel pipe to be detected and maintains a gap; the electromagnetic ultrasonic detection coil is installed in the gap, and is used to perform the inspection of the wall thickness of the steel pipe when a high-frequency current is applied. Measurement. The invention also discloses other structural forms. Through the present invention, a stable radial magnetic field can be formed at the local position of the steel pipe to be detected, and the symmetrical arrangement can be adopted to eliminate the suction force on the steel pipe, so it is especially suitable for the online high-speed thickness measurement of the steel pipe and the like.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于电磁超声测厚技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种基于聚磁桥路的钢管壁厚电磁超声测量装置。The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic ultrasonic thickness measurement, and more particularly relates to an electromagnetic ultrasonic measurement device for steel pipe wall thickness based on a magnetic gathering bridge.
背景技术Background technique
钢管壁厚是各钢管厂在生产过程中必须检测的重要参数之一。传统的手工测量方法采用卡规或者便携式超声波测厚仪来完成，其存在效率低、人工成本高、误差大等缺陷。为此，国内外一些研究机构开始采用水浸式自动化超声测厚方式，然而耦合剂的使用、测量精度不高以及难于运用于自动测厚和高温实时测厚这些因素，制约了该方法在钢管壁厚测量过程的广泛使用。Steel pipe wall thickness is one of the important parameters that every steel pipe factory must detect in the production process. The traditional manual measurement method is completed by a caliper or a portable ultrasonic thickness gauge, which has defects such as low efficiency, high labor cost, and large error. For this reason, some research institutions at home and abroad have begun to use water immersion automatic ultrasonic thickness measurement. However, the use of coupling agent, low measurement accuracy and difficulty in applying automatic thickness measurement and high temperature real-time thickness measurement restrict the application of this method in steel pipes. Extensive use of wall thickness measurement processes.
近年发展起来的电磁超声测厚方式不需要耦合剂，能够方便实现快速测量。影响电磁超声测厚探头性能的一个主要环节是探头检测线圈正下方待测工件趋肤层内的法向磁场强度，该磁场越强回波信号越稳定、测量的可靠性和精度越高。国内外一直采用永久磁铁提供这一磁场，因不容易断磁，吸力大，探头磨损快，且工作一段时间后吸附大量的铁屑难以清理，因此会影响测量精度；另一方面，由于永久磁铁的磁力有限，强力磁化场的提供受到制约。针对以上技术问题，CN101706266A中公开了一种用于电磁超声换能器的脉冲电磁铁，其中采用脉冲电磁铁建立强磁场，然而，其在自动化连续测量中仍然难以获得稳定的信号，相应直接影响到测量精度，尤其在高速测量环境下。因此，对于钢管在线快速自动测厚过程如何提供稳恒的强磁场，对电磁超声测厚原理的实施尤为重要。The electromagnetic ultrasonic thickness measurement method developed in recent years does not require couplant and can facilitate rapid measurement. One of the main links affecting the performance of the electromagnetic ultrasonic thickness measuring probe is the normal magnetic field strength in the skin layer of the workpiece to be measured directly under the probe detection coil. The stronger the magnetic field, the more stable the echo signal, and the higher the reliability and accuracy of the measurement. Permanent magnets have been used at home and abroad to provide this magnetic field. Because it is not easy to break the magnetism, the suction force is large, the probe wears quickly, and after a period of work, a large amount of iron filings are absorbed and difficult to clean, which will affect the measurement accuracy; on the other hand, due to the permanent magnet The magnetic force is limited, and the provision of a strong magnetizing field is restricted. Aiming at the above technical problems, CN101706266A discloses a pulsed electromagnet for electromagnetic ultrasonic transducers, wherein a pulsed electromagnet is used to establish a strong magnetic field, however, it is still difficult to obtain a stable signal in automated continuous measurement, which directly affects the To the measurement accuracy, especially in the high-speed measurement environment. Therefore, it is particularly important to implement the principle of electromagnetic ultrasonic thickness measurement for how to provide a stable and constant strong magnetic field during the online rapid and automatic thickness measurement process of steel pipes.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术的以上缺陷和技术需求，本发明的目的在于提供一种基于聚磁桥路的钢管壁厚电磁超声测量装置，其通过建立磁桥回路的方式在待检测钢管的局部位置形成径向稳恒强磁场，并采用对称布置以消除对钢管的吸力，由此可在全圆周方向建立多个独立磁场，从而实现阵列式自动化电磁超声钢管壁厚测量功能。In view of the above defects and technical requirements of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic ultrasonic measuring device for steel pipe wall thickness based on a magnetic bridge circuit, which forms a radial diameter at a local position of the steel pipe to be tested by establishing a magnetic bridge circuit. The magnetic field is stable and constant, and the symmetrical arrangement is adopted to eliminate the suction force on the steel pipe, so that multiple independent magnetic fields can be established in the full circumferential direction, so as to realize the array automatic electromagnetic ultrasonic steel pipe wall thickness measurement function.
按照本发明的一种构造形式，提供了一种基于聚磁桥路的钢管壁厚电磁超声测量装置，该测量装置包括穿过式磁化线圈、导磁元件、聚磁元件以及电磁超声检测线圈，其中：According to a construction form of the present invention, an electromagnetic ultrasonic measuring device for steel pipe wall thickness based on a magnetic concentrating bridge circuit is provided, the measuring device includes a penetrating magnetizing coil, a magnetic conduction element, a magnetic concentrating element and an electromagnetic ultrasonic detection coil, in:
所述穿过式磁化线圈用于将待检测钢管同心设置其中，由此在通以直流电后对钢管产生沿其轴向分布的磁场；The through-type magnetizing coil is used to set the steel pipe to be detected concentrically, so that a magnetic field distributed along its axial direction is generated on the steel pipe after being supplied with direct current;
所述导磁元件呈板状结构设置在所述穿过式磁化线圈的外侧，用于使该磁化线圈所产生的磁场改变方向沿着待检测钢管的法线方向分布；The magnetically permeable element is arranged in a plate-like structure on the outside of the through-type magnetizing coil, and is used to change the direction of the magnetic field generated by the magnetizing coil along the normal direction of the steel pipe to be detected;
所述聚磁元件呈臂状结构分别对称设置在各个所述导磁元件上，其下端贴近待检测钢管的外表面并保持间隙，由此连同钢管一起形成封闭的磁桥回路，并在该下端端面与钢管外表面之间形成沿着钢管径向分布的聚集磁场；The magnetic gathering element is arranged symmetrically on each of the magnetic conducting elements in an arm-like structure, and its lower end is close to the outer surface of the steel pipe to be detected and maintains a gap, thereby forming a closed magnetic bridge circuit together with the steel pipe, and at the lower end A concentrated magnetic field distributed radially along the steel pipe is formed between the end face and the outer surface of the steel pipe;
所述电磁超声检测线圈安装在聚磁元件下端与钢管外表面之间的所述间隙中，用于在通以高频电流时在待检测钢管的趋肤层产生感应涡流并在聚集磁场环境下激发超声波，由此执行对钢管壁厚的测量。The electromagnetic ultrasonic detection coil is installed in the gap between the lower end of the magnetic gathering element and the outer surface of the steel pipe, and is used to generate an induced eddy current in the skin layer of the steel pipe to be tested when a high-frequency current is passed through and to generate an induced eddy current under the concentrated magnetic field environment. Ultrasonic waves are excited, thereby performing measurement of the wall thickness of the steel pipe.
通过以上构思，由于采用直流磁化方式快速建立较强的稳恒磁场，并利用高导磁材料制成的导磁元件和聚磁元件来搭建封闭的磁桥回路，这样能够收集分布到空气中的部分磁场并将其进一步聚集到钢管表层形成以垂直钢管表面为主的稳恒强磁场，由此保证高速测量环境下的测量精度；此外，通过对称布置磁桥回路，可消除对待检测钢管的吸力，从而有助于进一步提高测量的准确性。Through the above ideas, due to the use of DC magnetization to quickly establish a strong stable magnetic field, and the use of high-permeability materials to build a closed magnetic bridge circuit, this can collect the magnetic field distributed in the air. Part of the magnetic field is further gathered to the surface of the steel pipe to form a stable and strong magnetic field mainly vertical to the steel pipe surface, thereby ensuring the measurement accuracy in high-speed measurement environments; in addition, the magnetic bridge circuit can be symmetrically arranged to eliminate the suction force of the steel pipe to be tested , which helps to further improve the accuracy of the measurement.
按照本发明的另一构造形式，提供了一种基于聚磁桥路的钢管壁厚电磁超声测量装置，该测量装置包括穿过式磁化线圈、导磁元件、聚磁元件以及电磁超声检测线圈，其中：According to another construction form of the present invention, an electromagnetic ultrasonic measuring device for steel pipe wall thickness based on a magnetic concentrating bridge circuit is provided, the measuring device includes a penetrating magnetizing coil, a magnetic conduction element, a magnetic concentrating element and an electromagnetic ultrasonic detection coil, in:
所述穿过式磁化线圈用于将待检测钢管同心设置其中，由此在通以直流电后对钢管产生沿其轴向分布的磁场；The through-type magnetizing coil is used to set the steel pipe to be detected concentrically, so that a magnetic field distributed along its axial direction is generated on the steel pipe after being supplied with direct current;
所述导磁元件呈筒状结构将所述穿过式磁化线圈套设其中，用于使该磁化线圈所产生的磁场改变方向沿着待检测钢管的法线方向分布；The magnetically permeable element is in a cylindrical structure and the through-type magnetizing coil is sheathed therein, so as to make the magnetic field generated by the magnetizing coil change direction and distribute along the normal direction of the steel pipe to be detected;
所述聚磁元件呈臂状结构并沿着所述导磁元件的周向分别对称设置在导磁元件上，其下端贴近待检测钢管的外表面并保持间隙，由此连同钢管一起形成封闭的磁桥回路，并在该下端端面与钢管外表面之间形成沿着钢管径向分布的聚集磁场；The magnetic gathering element has an arm-shaped structure and is respectively symmetrically arranged on the magnetic conducting element along the circumferential direction of the magnetic conducting element, and its lower end is close to the outer surface of the steel pipe to be detected and maintains a gap, thus forming a closed A magnetic bridge circuit, and a concentrated magnetic field distributed radially along the steel pipe is formed between the lower end surface and the outer surface of the steel pipe;
所述电磁超声检测线圈安装在聚磁元件下端与钢管外表面之间的所述间隙中，用于在通以高频电流时在待检测钢管的趋肤层产生感应涡流并在聚集磁场环境下激发超声波，由此执行对钢管壁厚的测量。The electromagnetic ultrasonic detection coil is installed in the gap between the lower end of the magnetic gathering element and the outer surface of the steel pipe, and is used to generate an induced eddy current in the skin layer of the steel pipe to be tested when a high-frequency current is passed through and to generate an induced eddy current under the concentrated magnetic field environment. Ultrasonic waves are excited, thereby performing measurement of the wall thickness of the steel pipe.
通过以上构思，由于采用直流磁化方式快速建立较强的稳恒磁场，并利用高导磁材料制成的导磁元件和聚磁元件来搭建封闭的磁桥回路，这样能够在钢管表层形成以垂直钢管表面为主的稳恒强磁场，由此保证高速测量环境下的测量精度；此外，通过沿着待检测钢管的周向方向对称布置多个磁桥回路，便于实现在钢管全周向建立多个独立强磁场，从而增强钢管壁厚测量的操作便利性，并有助于减少误差，提高测量的准确性。Through the above ideas, due to the use of DC magnetization to quickly establish a strong and constant magnetic field, and the use of magnetic elements made of high magnetic permeability materials and magnetic accumulation elements to build a closed magnetic bridge circuit, this can be formed on the surface of the steel pipe. The stable and strong magnetic field mainly on the surface of the steel pipe ensures the measurement accuracy in the high-speed measurement environment; in addition, by symmetrically arranging multiple magnetic bridge circuits along the circumferential direction of the steel pipe to be tested, it is convenient to establish multiple magnetic bridge circuits in the entire circumference of the steel pipe. An independent strong magnetic field, which enhances the convenience of steel pipe wall thickness measurement, and helps to reduce errors and improve measurement accuracy.
优选地，所述导磁元件的外径为所述穿过式磁化线圈的外径的1.1-1.2倍，且其厚度为20~40mm。Preferably, the outer diameter of the magnetic permeable element is 1.1-1.2 times the outer diameter of the through-type magnetizing coil, and its thickness is 20-40mm.
通过对导磁元件的直径及厚度等结构参数作出以上限定，较多的对比测试表明，其能够确保在对钢管壁厚的测量过程中不被磁化饱和，相应地，可有效避免断磁现象，并提高钢管在线快速自动测厚的准确性。By making the above limitations on the structural parameters such as the diameter and thickness of the magnetic permeable element, more comparative tests show that it can ensure that it will not be saturated by magnetization during the measurement of the wall thickness of the steel pipe. And improve the accuracy of online rapid automatic thickness measurement of steel pipes.
优选地，所述聚磁元件呈上端截面积相对较大、下端截面积相对较小的臂状结构，且其截面积相对较小的下端贴近待检测钢管的外表面。Preferably, the magnetic collecting element has an arm-like structure with a relatively large upper end cross-sectional area and a relatively small lower end cross-sectional area, and its lower end with a relatively small cross-sectional area is close to the outer surface of the steel pipe to be detected.
通过将聚磁元件的结构形状及其设置方式进行以上限定，可以将磁化线圈所产生并由导磁元件改变方向后的磁场分布进一步集中聚集在靠近电磁超声检测线圈的区域，由此便于提高磁场强度，并有助于增强超声检测信号及提高检测的可靠性。By defining the structural shape and setting method of the magnetic gathering element above, the magnetic field distribution generated by the magnetizing coil and changed by the magnetic permeable element can be further concentrated in the area close to the electromagnetic ultrasonic detection coil, thereby facilitating the increase of the magnetic field Intensity, and help to enhance the ultrasonic detection signal and improve the reliability of detection.
优选地，所述聚磁元件相对于待检测钢管可沿其径向方向上调节，由此适用于不同管径的待检测钢管。Preferably, the magnetic gathering element can be adjusted along its radial direction with respect to the steel pipe to be detected, thereby being applicable to steel pipes to be detected with different diameters.
优选地，所述导磁元件和聚磁元件均由譬如电工用铁的高导磁材料制成。Preferably, both the magnetically permeable element and the magnetically concentrating element are made of high magnetically permeable materials such as electrician iron.
优选地，所述电磁超声检测线圈上设置有耐磨陶瓷片，并通过该耐磨陶瓷片与待检测钢管的表面相接触。Preferably, the electromagnetic ultrasonic detection coil is provided with a wear-resistant ceramic sheet, and the wear-resistant ceramic sheet is in contact with the surface of the steel pipe to be detected.
通过在电磁超声检测线圈与待检测钢管之间设置作为保护层的耐磨陶瓷片，能够在保证电磁超声检测过程顺利进行的同时，有效减少移动检测过程中，由于钢管与检测线圈之间可能的接触摩擦所造成的对检测线圈的损坏。By installing a wear-resistant ceramic sheet as a protective layer between the electromagnetic ultrasonic detection coil and the steel pipe to be detected, it can effectively reduce the possible friction between the steel pipe and the detection coil during the mobile detection process while ensuring the smooth progress of the electromagnetic ultrasonic detection process. Damage to the detection coil caused by contact friction.
优选地，所述耐磨陶瓷片的厚度小于0.3mm。Preferably, the thickness of the wear-resistant ceramic sheet is less than 0.3mm.
通过对耐磨陶瓷片的厚度进行以上具体限定，较多的试验测试表明，其能够使得检测线圈与待检测钢管之间始终保持相对恒定的间隔，并且该间隔不致于对信号造成衰减，从而影响到测量精度。By restricting the thickness of the wear-resistant ceramic sheet above, more tests have shown that it can keep a relatively constant distance between the detection coil and the steel pipe to be detected, and the distance will not cause attenuation to the signal, thus affecting to the measurement accuracy.
总体而言，按照本发明的基于聚磁桥路的钢管壁厚电磁超声测量装置与现有技术相比，主要具备以下的技术优点：Generally speaking, compared with the prior art, the electromagnetic ultrasonic measuring device for steel pipe wall thickness based on the magnetic gathering bridge according to the present invention mainly has the following technical advantages:
1、通过建立磁桥回路的方式，能够在待检测钢管局部位置形成主要沿着径向分布的稳恒强磁场，保证对钢管壁厚测量的可靠性和精度；此外，通过采用对称式分布聚磁元件，能够有效消除对待检测钢管的吸力，实现在钢管全周向建立多个独立强磁场，从而进一步提高测量的稳定性；1. By establishing a magnetic bridge circuit, a stable and constant strong magnetic field mainly distributed along the radial direction can be formed at the local position of the steel pipe to be tested to ensure the reliability and accuracy of the steel pipe wall thickness measurement; The magnetic element can effectively eliminate the suction force of the steel pipe to be tested, and realize the establishment of multiple independent strong magnetic fields in the entire circumference of the steel pipe, thereby further improving the stability of the measurement;
2、通过对导磁元件、聚磁元件和电磁超声测量线圈的结构、材料和尺寸方面的进一步优化选择，能够使磁场分布进一步集中聚集在靠近电磁超声检测线圈的区域，由此增强超声检测信号及提高检测的可靠性；此外，可以避免测量过程中对测量线圈的损坏，提高装置的使用寿命；2. By further optimizing the structure, material and size of the magnetic conducting element, magnetic gathering element and electromagnetic ultrasonic measuring coil, the magnetic field distribution can be further concentrated in the area close to the electromagnetic ultrasonic detecting coil, thereby enhancing the ultrasonic detecting signal And improve the reliability of the detection; in addition, it can avoid the damage to the measuring coil during the measurement process, and improve the service life of the device;
3、按照本发明的测量装置整体结构紧凑、便于操作，并具备精度高的特点，因而尤其适用于钢管高速测厚以及在线自动测厚等用途。3. The overall structure of the measuring device according to the present invention is compact, easy to operate, and has the characteristics of high precision, so it is especially suitable for high-speed thickness measurement of steel pipes and online automatic thickness measurement.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是按照本发明一种构造形式的钢管壁厚电磁超声测量装置的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an electromagnetic ultrasonic measuring device for steel pipe wall thickness according to a construction form of the present invention;
图2是按照本发明另一构造形式的钢管壁厚电磁超声测量装置的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an electromagnetic ultrasonic measuring device for steel pipe wall thickness according to another construction form of the present invention;
图3是按照本发明具备耐磨陶瓷片的电磁超声检测线圈的结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electromagnetic ultrasonic detection coil equipped with a wear-resistant ceramic sheet according to the present invention.
在所有附图中，相同的附图标记用来表示相同的元件或结构，其中：Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to designate the same elements or structures, wherein:
1-穿过式磁化线圈2-导磁元件3-聚磁元件4-电磁超声检测线圈5-耐磨陶瓷片6-待检测钢管7-磁力线1-Through-type magnetizing coil 2-Magnetic conduction element 3-Magnetic gathering element 4-Electromagnetic ultrasonic detection coil 5-Wear-resistant ceramic sheet 6-Steel pipe to be tested 7-Magnetic force line
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。此外，下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及到的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not constitute a conflict with each other.
图1是按照本发明一种构造形式的钢管壁厚电磁超声测量装置的结构示意图。如图1中所示，按照本发明的钢管壁厚电磁超声测量装置主要包括穿过式磁化线圈1、导磁元件2、聚磁元件3以及电磁超声检测线圈4。穿过式磁化线圈1与待检测钢管6同心地布置并将钢管套设其中，当通以直流电时即对钢管产生沿其轴向分布的较强磁场。由于磁场总是聚集在磁阻最小的路径上，因此可以考虑通过设置导磁元件2和聚磁元件3来共同形成封闭的磁桥回路。在本实施方式中，导磁元件2呈板状结构对称设置在穿过式磁化线圈1的两个外侧，用于使该磁化线圈所产生的磁场改变方向以沿着待检测钢管6的法线方向分布；聚磁元件3譬如呈上端截面积大、下端截面积小的臂状结构并分别设置在各个导磁元件2上，其下端贴近待检测钢管6的外表面并保持例如不小于3mm的间隙。这样，由高导磁材料制成的导磁元件2和聚磁元件3可以将分散到周围空气中的磁场进行收集，并连同钢管一起形成如图1所示封闭的磁桥回路，并且在聚磁元件下端端面与钢管外表面之间形成沿着钢管径向分布的法向聚集稳恒强磁场。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an electromagnetic ultrasonic measuring device for steel pipe wall thickness according to a construction form of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the electromagnetic ultrasonic measuring device for steel pipe wall thickness according to the present invention mainly includes a through-type magnetizing coil 1 , a magnetic conducting element 2 , a magnetic collecting element 3 and an electromagnetic ultrasonic detection coil 4 . The penetrating magnetizing coil 1 is arranged concentrically with the steel pipe 6 to be detected and the steel pipe is sheathed therein. When a direct current is applied to the steel pipe, a strong magnetic field distributed along its axial direction is generated. Since the magnetic field always gathers on the path with the least reluctance, it can be considered to form a closed magnetic bridge circuit by setting the magnetic conducting element 2 and the magnetic concentrating element 3 together. In this embodiment, the magnetic permeable element 2 is symmetrically arranged on the two outer sides of the penetrating magnetizing coil 1 in a plate-like structure, and is used to change the direction of the magnetic field generated by the magnetizing coil so as to follow the normal line of the steel pipe 6 to be detected. direction distribution; the magnetic gathering element 3 is, for example, an arm-shaped structure with a large upper end cross-sectional area and a small lower end cross-sectional area and is respectively arranged on each magnetic conduction element 2, and its lower end is close to the outer surface of the steel pipe 6 to be detected and maintained for example not less than 3mm gap. In this way, the magnetic conduction element 2 and the magnetic concentration element 3 made of high magnetic permeability material can collect the magnetic field scattered into the surrounding air, and form a closed magnetic bridge circuit together with the steel pipe as shown in Figure 1, and in the concentration Between the lower end face of the magnetic element and the outer surface of the steel pipe, a normal concentrated magnetic field of constant intensity distributed along the radial direction of the steel pipe is formed.
电磁超声检测线圈4安装在聚磁元件3的下端与待检测钢管6外表面之间的间隙中，并在通以高频电流时利用该处的稳恒强磁场，在待检测钢管6的趋肤层产生感应涡流并在聚集磁场环境下激发剪切式横波，由此实现对钢管壁厚的电磁超声测量功能。The electromagnetic ultrasonic detection coil 4 is installed in the gap between the lower end of the magnetic gathering element 3 and the outer surface of the steel pipe 6 to be detected, and when the high-frequency current is passed through, the stable and strong magnetic field there is used to detect the direction of the steel pipe 6 to be detected. The skin layer generates induced eddy currents and excites shear shear waves in a concentrated magnetic field environment, thereby realizing the electromagnetic ultrasonic measurement function of the steel pipe wall thickness.
图2是按照本发明另一构造形式的钢管壁厚电磁超声测量装置的结构示意图。图2中所示结构与图1中的主要区别之处在于：导磁元件2呈筒状结构将穿过式磁化线圈1套设其中，相应地，多个臂状结构的聚磁元件3沿着该导磁元件2的周向方向分别对称其上，并且其下端贴近待检测钢管6的外表面并保持间隙。通过以上构造，能够沿着待检测钢管的圆周方向对称布置多个磁桥回路，便于实现在钢管全周向建立多个独立强磁场同时消除对钢管的吸力，从而有助于进一步提高测量的稳定性，并增强实际测量时的操作便利性。Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an electromagnetic-ultrasonic measuring device for steel pipe wall thickness according to another configuration form of the present invention. The main difference between the structure shown in FIG. 2 and that in FIG. 1 is that the magnetic permeable element 2 is in a cylindrical structure and the through-type magnetizing coil 1 is sheathed therein. The circumferential direction of the magnetic permeable element 2 is respectively symmetrical to the upper part, and its lower end is close to the outer surface of the steel pipe 6 to be detected and maintains a gap. Through the above structure, multiple magnetic bridge circuits can be symmetrically arranged along the circumferential direction of the steel pipe to be tested, which facilitates the establishment of multiple independent strong magnetic fields in the entire circumferential direction of the steel pipe while eliminating the suction force on the steel pipe, thereby helping to further improve the stability of the measurement and enhance the convenience of operation during actual measurement.
如图2中具体所示，根据待检测钢管6的外径大小以及检测速度等方面的要求，聚磁元件3相对于待检测钢管可沿其径向方向上调节，由此适用于不同管径的待检测钢管。此外，聚磁元件3的剖面结构为一端截面积相对较大、另外一端截面积相对较小的类似梯形结构，并且截面积相对较小的一端靠近于待检测钢管6的外表面，从而可以将磁场更好地聚集在电磁超声检测线圈4的作用范围。As specifically shown in Figure 2, according to the requirements of the outer diameter of the steel pipe 6 to be detected and the detection speed, the magnetic gathering element 3 can be adjusted along its radial direction relative to the steel pipe to be detected, thus being applicable to different pipe diameters. of steel pipes to be tested. In addition, the cross-sectional structure of the magnetic gathering element 3 is a similar trapezoidal structure with a relatively large cross-sectional area at one end and a relatively small cross-sectional area at the other end, and the end with a relatively small cross-sectional area is close to the outer surface of the steel pipe 6 to be detected, so that the The magnetic field is better concentrated in the action range of the electromagnetic ultrasonic detection coil 4 .
在一个优选实施例中，导磁元件2的外径可以设定为穿过式磁化线圈1外径的1.1-1.2倍，且其厚度为20~40mm。该结构尺寸能够确保在对钢管壁厚的测量过程中不被磁化饱和，相应地，可有效避免断磁现象，并提高钢管在线快速自动测厚的准确性。在另外一个优选实施例中，电磁超声检测线圈4上还设置有厚度小于0.3mm的耐磨陶瓷片5，并通过该耐磨陶瓷片5与待检测钢管6的外表面相接触随动。这样在避免信号衰减、保证电磁超声检测过程顺利进行的同时，有效减少由于钢管与检测线圈之间可能的接触摩擦所造成的对检测线圈的损坏。In a preferred embodiment, the outer diameter of the magnetic permeable element 2 can be set to be 1.1-1.2 times the outer diameter of the through-type magnetizing coil 1 , and its thickness is 20-40 mm. The structural size can ensure that the steel pipe wall thickness will not be saturated by magnetization, and correspondingly, it can effectively avoid the phenomenon of demagnetization, and improve the accuracy of online rapid and automatic thickness measurement of the steel pipe. In another preferred embodiment, the electromagnetic ultrasonic detection coil 4 is also provided with a wear-resistant ceramic sheet 5 with a thickness of less than 0.3 mm, and the wear-resistant ceramic sheet 5 contacts and moves with the outer surface of the steel pipe 6 to be detected. In this way, while avoiding signal attenuation and ensuring the smooth progress of the electromagnetic ultrasonic detection process, the damage to the detection coil caused by the possible contact friction between the steel pipe and the detection coil is effectively reduced.
本领域的技术人员容易理解，以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, All should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN103630612A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-03-12 | 中电科信息产业有限公司 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer |
| CN104880163A (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2015-09-02 | 衡阳镭目科技有限责任公司 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic sensor and pipeline wall thickness detection system |
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| CN105973178B (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2018-10-16 | 重庆钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | A kind of preceding detection process method of steel pipe manufacture |
| CN107421474B (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2023-06-02 | 武汉中科创新技术股份有限公司 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic thickness measuring probe for measuring thickness of workpiece |
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| CN112414337A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-02-26 | 湖北工业大学 | Externally-penetrating annular array electromagnetic ultrasonic thickness measuring probe |
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| CN114440805B (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2024-01-02 | 武汉华宇一目检测装备有限公司 | Electromagnetic ultrasonic thickness measuring device and thickness measuring method for drill rod |
| CN116412746B (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2024-05-14 | 宁波方力科技股份有限公司 | Online detection device, production line and detection method for wall thickness of plastic pipe |
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