CN102954107B - High-rigidity double-line liquid hydrostatic bearing - Google Patents
High-rigidity double-line liquid hydrostatic bearing Download PDFInfo
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- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 56
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种高刚性双列液体静压轴承，该轴承特征在于：在轴承（2）的内孔轴向上开有双列的静压油腔，外侧油腔（17）和内侧油腔（18），外侧油腔（17）在周向上有四个外侧油槽（22），内侧油腔（18）在周向上也有四个内侧油槽（19），在轴承（2）端部开有外侧进油孔（14） 和内侧进油孔（15），外侧进油孔（14）与外侧油槽（22）相通，内侧进油孔（15）与内侧油槽（19）相通。一个机床主轴上配置有两个双列静压轴承（2），分别位于机床主轴系统的前轴承端（4）和后轴承端（5），整体形成双列四支撑结构。该轴承具有承载面积宽、支撑跨度大、散热性好、主轴刚性高等特点。
A high-rigidity double-row hydrostatic bearing, the bearing is characterized in that: there are double-row hydrostatic oil chambers in the axial direction of the inner hole of the bearing (2), the outer oil chamber (17) and the inner oil chamber (18) , the outer oil chamber (17) has four outer oil grooves (22) in the circumferential direction, the inner oil chamber (18) also has four inner oil grooves (19) in the circumferential direction, and an outer oil inlet hole is opened at the end of the bearing (2) (14) and the inner oil inlet (15), the outer oil inlet (14) communicates with the outer oil groove (22), and the inner oil inlet (15) communicates with the inner oil groove (19). A machine tool spindle is equipped with two double-row hydrostatic bearings (2), which are respectively located at the front bearing end (4) and the rear bearing end (5) of the machine tool spindle system, forming a double-row four-support structure as a whole. The bearing has the characteristics of wide bearing area, large support span, good heat dissipation, and high rigidity of the spindle.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及机床回转主轴的支撑轴承，尤其是一种高刚性双列液体静压轴承。 The invention relates to a supporting bearing of a rotary spindle of a machine tool, in particular to a high-rigidity double-row hydrostatic bearing.
背景技术：机床主轴作为机床核心的部件，关系到机床加工精度和机床稳定性，是机床设计和制造最关心和最值得探索的部分。静压轴承由于其具有回转精度高、转动平稳、振动小、无磨损的特点，广泛用于精密机床行业。在一般的机床设计中，机床主轴的前轴承和后轴承都是采用单列油膜支撑结构，当需要增加机床主轴的刚性时，往往是通过增加轴承油槽的长度来实现，但是当轴承油槽长度增加时，会造成液压油未能及时排出而导致热量积聚从而引起轴承温度的急剧升高。众所周知，温升过大会引起机床变形从而导致机床精度下降、稳定性下降等问题，这是机床设计的大忌。因此，如何设计一种液体静压轴承既能保证其具有较高刚性的同时防止过度温升是至关重要。 Background technology: As the core component of the machine tool, the machine tool spindle is related to the machining accuracy and stability of the machine tool, and is the most concerned and most worth exploring part of the design and manufacture of the machine tool. Hydrostatic bearings are widely used in the precision machine tool industry due to their characteristics of high rotation accuracy, smooth rotation, small vibration and no wear. In general machine tool design, the front and rear bearings of the machine tool spindle adopt a single-row oil film support structure. When the rigidity of the machine tool spindle needs to be increased, it is often achieved by increasing the length of the bearing oil groove, but when the length of the bearing oil groove increases , will cause the hydraulic oil to fail to discharge in time and cause heat accumulation, which will cause a sharp rise in the bearing temperature. As we all know, excessive temperature rise will cause deformation of the machine tool, which will lead to problems such as decreased accuracy and stability of the machine tool. This is a taboo in machine tool design. Therefore, how to design a hydrostatic bearing that can not only ensure its high rigidity but also prevent excessive temperature rise is very important.
发明内容：本发明的目的在于对精密机床行业提供一种高刚性和高稳定性的液体静压轴承，该轴承在增加其油膜支撑长度的同时，让部分液压油及时的从轴承中两个油腔之间的泄油孔中排出，具有油膜承载面积宽、支撑跨度大、散热性好、承载刚性高等特点。 Summary of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high rigidity and high stability hydrostatic bearing for the precision machine tool industry. While increasing the length of its oil film support, the bearing allows part of the hydraulic oil to be released from the two bearings in time. It is discharged from the oil drain hole between the cavities, and has the characteristics of wide oil film bearing area, large supporting span, good heat dissipation, and high bearing rigidity.
本发明的构成：一种高刚性双列液体静压轴承，其特征在于：在轴承内孔的轴向上开有双列的静压油腔，外侧油腔和内侧油腔，外侧油腔在周向上有四个外侧油槽，内侧油腔在周向上有四个内侧油槽，在轴承端部开有外侧进油孔和内侧进油孔，外侧进油孔与外侧油槽相通；内侧进油孔与内侧油槽相通。 The composition of the present invention: a high-rigidity double-row hydrostatic bearing, characterized in that: there are double-row hydrostatic oil chambers in the axial direction of the inner hole of the bearing, the outer oil chamber and the inner oil chamber, and the outer oil chamber is in the There are four outer oil grooves in the circumferential direction, and the inner oil chamber has four inner oil grooves in the circumferential direction. There are outer oil inlet holes and inner oil inlet holes at the end of the bearing. The outer oil inlet holes communicate with the outer oil grooves; the inner oil inlet holes communicate with the outer oil grooves. The inner oil grooves are connected.
轴承座包含外侧支撑孔和内侧支撑孔，内侧支撑孔的直径略小于外侧支撑孔的直径。 The housing contains an outer support hole and an inner support hole, the diameter of the inner support hole is slightly smaller than the diameter of the outer support hole.
在外侧支撑孔和内侧支撑孔之间有泄油环槽，下部有排油孔。 There is an oil discharge ring groove between the outer support hole and the inner support hole, and an oil discharge hole is arranged at the bottom.
轴承包括外侧支承颈和内侧支承颈，内侧支承颈的直径略小于外侧支承颈的直径。 The bearing includes an outer bearing neck and an inner bearing neck, the diameter of the inner bearing neck being slightly smaller than the diameter of the outer bearing neck.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下特点：在增加轴承的油膜支撑长度的同时，让工作后的液压油及时的从轴承中两个油腔之间的泄油孔中排出，具有油膜承载面积宽、支撑跨度大、散热性好、主轴刚性高的特点。 Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following characteristics: while increasing the oil film support length of the bearing, the hydraulic oil after operation can be discharged from the oil drain hole between the two oil chambers in the bearing in time, and has the oil film bearing capacity. It has the characteristics of wide area, large support span, good heat dissipation and high rigidity of the spindle.
附图说明：Description of drawings:
图1为双列液体静压轴承安装图； Figure 1 is the installation diagram of the double-row hydrostatic bearing;
图2为轴承座结构图； Figure 2 is a structural diagram of the bearing seat;
图3为轴承外形结构图； Figure 3 is a bearing outline structure diagram;
图4为轴承内部结构图。 Figure 4 is a diagram of the internal structure of the bearing.
图中 1、轴承座，2、轴承，3、进油管，4、前轴承端，5、后轴承端，6、排油管，7、外侧支撑孔，8、工艺孔，9、泄油环槽，10、内侧支撑孔， 11、排油孔，12、外侧支承颈，13、内侧支承颈，14、外侧进油孔，15、内侧进油孔，16、外圆环槽，17、外侧油腔，18、内侧油腔，19、内侧油槽，20、内圆泄油环槽，21、泄油孔，22、外侧油槽。 In the figure 1. Bearing seat, 2. Bearing, 3. Oil inlet pipe, 4. Front bearing end, 5. Rear bearing end, 6. Oil discharge pipe, 7. Outer support hole, 8. Process hole, 9. Oil drain ring groove , 10, inner support hole, 11, oil discharge hole, 12, outer support neck, 13, inner support neck, 14, outer oil inlet hole, 15, inner oil inlet hole, 16, outer ring groove, 17, outer oil Cavity, 18, inner side oil cavity, 19, inner side oil groove, 20, inner circle oil drain ring groove, 21, oil drain hole, 22, outer side oil groove.
具体实施方式：Detailed ways:
如图1-4所示，一种高刚性双列液体静压轴承，其特征在于：在轴承2内孔的轴向上开有双列的静压油腔，外侧油腔17和内侧油腔18，外侧油腔17在周向上有四个外侧油槽22，内侧油腔18在周向上有四个内侧油槽19，在轴承2端部开有外侧进油孔14 和内侧进油孔15，外侧进油孔14与外侧油槽22相通；内侧进油孔15与内侧油槽19相通。 As shown in Figure 1-4, a high-rigidity double-row hydrostatic bearing is characterized in that: there are double-row hydrostatic oil chambers in the axial direction of the inner hole of the bearing 2, and the outer oil chamber 17 and the inner oil chamber 18. The outer oil chamber 17 has four outer oil grooves 22 in the circumferential direction, the inner oil chamber 18 has four inner oil grooves 19 in the circumferential direction, and an outer oil inlet hole 14 and an inner oil inlet hole 15 are opened at the end of the bearing 2. The oil inlet hole 14 communicates with the outer oil groove 22 ; the inner oil inlet hole 15 communicates with the inner oil groove 19 .
轴承座1包含外侧支撑孔7和内侧支撑孔10，内侧支撑孔10的直径略小于外侧支撑孔7的直径。 The bearing housing 1 includes an outer support hole 7 and an inner support hole 10 , and the diameter of the inner support hole 10 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the outer support hole 7 .
在外侧支撑孔7和内侧支撑孔10之间有泄油环槽9，下部有排油孔11。 There is an oil discharge ring groove 9 between the outer support hole 7 and the inner support hole 10, and an oil discharge hole 11 is arranged at the bottom.
轴承2包括外侧支承颈12和内侧支承颈13，内侧支承颈13的直径略小于外侧支承颈12的直径。 The bearing 2 comprises an outer bearing neck 12 and an inner bearing neck 13 , the diameter of the inner bearing neck 13 being slightly smaller than the diameter of the outer bearing neck 12 .
本发明可以让部分液压油及时的从轴承中两个油腔之间的泄油孔中排出，具有油膜承载面积宽、支撑跨度大、散热性好、主轴刚性高的特点，广泛适用于各种精度机床回转主轴的支撑。由于本发明是在原来机床主轴的结构上进行改造而成，因此只需要对轴承和轴承座进行改造即可实现，避免从新设计带来的费用，因此具有较好的经济效益。 The invention can allow part of the hydraulic oil to be discharged from the oil drain hole between the two oil chambers in the bearing in time. It has the characteristics of wide oil film bearing area, large support span, good heat dissipation and high spindle rigidity, and is widely applicable to various Support for rotary spindles of precision machine tools. Since the present invention is formed by reforming the structure of the original machine tool spindle, it can be realized only by reforming the bearing and the bearing seat, avoiding the cost of new design, and thus having better economic benefits.
Claims (4)
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| CN201210542325.3A CN102954107B (en) | 2012-12-14 | 2012-12-14 | High-rigidity double-line liquid hydrostatic bearing |
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| CN102954107B true CN102954107B (en) | 2015-07-01 |
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| CN106826547A (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2017-06-13 | 新昌县华科机电设备有限公司 | A kind of cantilevered is combined hydrostatic pressure main shaft high |
| CN116498652A (en) * | 2023-03-21 | 2023-07-28 | 重庆大学 | Application of Hydrostatic Bearings on Axleboxes of High Speed Trains |
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| CN2696746Y (en) * | 2004-04-23 | 2005-05-04 | 济南二机床集团有限公司 | Heavy load beared static pressure spindle bearing device |
| CN1621703A (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2005-06-01 | 广东工业大学 | Machine tool electric main shaft realizing supporting float by adopting hydrostatic bearing |
| CN2735067Y (en) * | 2004-10-11 | 2005-10-19 | 李维谦 | Hybrid bearing |
| CN101579841A (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2009-11-18 | 重庆大学 | Hydro-hybrid bearing used for grinding wheel main shaft of grinding machine |
| CN201944119U (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2011-08-24 | 江西杰克机床有限公司 | Static-pressure bearing with internal-feedback throttling return oil |
| CN202381538U (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-08-15 | 重庆机床(集团)有限责任公司 | Hydrostatic bearing structure for spindle |
| CN102797754A (en) * | 2012-08-28 | 2012-11-28 | 天津市第二机床有限公司 | Internal feedback hydrostatic bearing |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN87215286U (en) * | 1987-12-30 | 1988-11-02 | 中国科学院长春光机所 | Precision hydrostatic photoelectric center of gravity edger |
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Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1621703A (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2005-06-01 | 广东工业大学 | Machine tool electric main shaft realizing supporting float by adopting hydrostatic bearing |
| CN2696746Y (en) * | 2004-04-23 | 2005-05-04 | 济南二机床集团有限公司 | Heavy load beared static pressure spindle bearing device |
| CN2735067Y (en) * | 2004-10-11 | 2005-10-19 | 李维谦 | Hybrid bearing |
| CN101579841A (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2009-11-18 | 重庆大学 | Hydro-hybrid bearing used for grinding wheel main shaft of grinding machine |
| CN201944119U (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2011-08-24 | 江西杰克机床有限公司 | Static-pressure bearing with internal-feedback throttling return oil |
| CN202381538U (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-08-15 | 重庆机床(集团)有限责任公司 | Hydrostatic bearing structure for spindle |
| CN102797754A (en) * | 2012-08-28 | 2012-11-28 | 天津市第二机床有限公司 | Internal feedback hydrostatic bearing |
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Address after: 550009 Wengyan Village, Xiaomeng Industrial Park, Guiyang Economic and Technological Development Zone, Guizhou Province Patentee after: Guiyang Xianfeng Machine Tool Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 550025 South New Development Zone of Huaxi District, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province Patentee before: GUIYANG XIANFENG MACHINE TOOL WORKS Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |