CN102953380A

CN102953380A - Tamping device

Info

Publication number: CN102953380A
Application number: CN2012102937382A
Authority: CN
Inventors: M.海歇尔
Original assignee: Delmag GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Delmag GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2011-08-18
Filing date: 2012-08-17
Publication date: 2013-03-06
Anticipated expiration: 2032-08-17
Also published as: CN102953380B; DE202011104560U1

Abstract

The invention relates to a tamping device, particularly to a diesel tamping device. The tamping device is provided with a cylinder having a movably supported piston therein and a tamping block arranged under the piston during the operating state, wherein a working cavity is limited in the axial direction between the end face of the tamping block inside the cylinder and the end face of the piston. With the arranged fuel jet apparatus, the fuel with regulated amount can be led to the working cavity. The cylinder (2) is sealed via a cover plate (20) at its upper side face opposite to the tamping block (4). A replacing chamber is arranged between the cover plate (20) and the piston (3) as well as between the piston (3) and the cover plate (20) when the phase step height of the piston (3) is at the maximum degree. The replacing chamber is connected with the air cooling apparatus applicable to the tamping device (1).

Description

Ram equipment

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of equipment of ramming, especially a kind of diesel oil hammer ram as described in the preamble according to claim 1.

Background technology

Thisly for example also be known as diesel hammer as the equipment of ramming of diesel oil hammer ram, it especially is used for stake, for example concrete column (Betonpfeiler), girder steel (Eisentr ger), planned sheet pile wall element (Spundwandelement) or the similar object of all kinds are rammed ground when the ground operation of construction industry.In this starting process of ramming equipment,, and discharge at the height of definition upwards pulling of the piston in the cylinder by means of releasing device, thereby so that its under action of gravitation, drop downwards.Operating fuel pump when piston falls, thus so that fuel be transported in the working chamber of the described cylinder of ramming equipment.

By moving downward of the piston in the described cylinder of ramming equipment, compression and so heating be arranged in the air of the working chamber of cylinder, thereby light the fuel air mixture that is present in the working chamber, then carry out the explosion type burning.Described piston slap has not only caused lighting of fuel air mixture to ramming on the piece, but also has caused energy falling (Fallenergie) to be delivered in the shape thing (Rammgut).By the explosion energy that discharges in this case described piston upwards is thrown in the new working cycles.Simultaneously described stake shape thing is pulled in the bottom.When piston raises, exhaust port is revealed, thereby so that burning gases can discharge, and so that the pressure in the cylinder chamber again with the ambient pressure environment balance.

In the described active running of ramming equipment, significant temperature in the zone of combustion chamber, occurred and risen.At this, temperature can rise in 400 ℃ to 600 ℃ the scope according to mode of occupation.In order to cool off the equipment of ramming in this temperature range, fin externally is arranged on the external surface of described cylinder.Yet therefore the heat radiation of this passive heat sink or limited has been limited to the described service time of ramming equipment.

Summary of the invention

The present invention has realized remedial measure at this.The object of the invention is to, a kind of equipment of ramming of the above-mentioned type is provided, describedly ram the improved cooling unit that equipment has improved cooling unit, especially combustion chamber.According to the present invention, this purpose realizes by the feature of the characteristic of claim 1.

The present invention has realized a kind of equipment of ramming with improved cooling unit of improved cooling unit, especially combustion chamber.Formed the combustion chamber by described cylinder in this mode that its upper side relative with ramming piece utilizes cover plate to be closed, the direction of motion according to piston in described combustion chamber produces overvoltage or negative pressure.By this displacement chamber be used for described being connected of air cooled device of ramming equipment having realized the described improved cooling of ramming equipment.

In a kind of improvement project of the present invention, be used for the described air cooled device of ramming equipment and comprise that at least one is used for the airflow path of the ventilation of fin.Therefore, produced forced convection at described fin.At this, described fin advantageously is arranged in the zone of combustion chamber at least in part.

In a kind of technical scheme of the present invention, so construct at least one airflow path, thereby so that the air stream of discharging along fin conductive.Therefore improve the heat transmission, thereby improved cooling power.

In another kind of technical scheme of the present invention, described at least one airflow path consists of by the pipeline that at least one externally is arranged on the equipment of ramming, and described pipeline is passed in the described displacement chamber.The air stream that therefore, will cause by the piston that moves upward directly supplies on the heat sink.

In another kind of technical scheme of the present invention, at least one choke valve is arranged in described at least one airflow path.Therefore can realize the change of flow behavior.When having on the equipment region to be cooled, higher air velocity is especially favourable in impact of air currents.

Description of drawings

Other improvement project and technical scheme of the present invention provides in remaining dependent claims.Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, and next are described in detail.Unique accompanying drawing 1 shows has the cross-sectional view that difference is rammed the equipment of ramming of load (Schlaggewicht) position.

The specific embodiment

Selection is configured to diesel oil hammer ram 1 as the equipment of ramming of embodiment.Described diesel oil hammer ram 1 has the cylinder 2 that opens wide in a side, and described cylinder can have 5 meters to 10 meters length and 0.5 meter to 1 meter diameter actually.Described cylinder 2 seals by cover plate 20 on the side thereon.In described cylinder 2, be furnished with movably piston 3.Coaxial ramming in the lower end of opening wide that piece 4 is embedded into described cylinder 2 movably therewith.Be furnished with the bearing unit 21 of annular in the lower end 22 of opening wide of described cylinder 2, the center shaft segment 41 of ramming piece 4 guides in described bearing unit, and described center shaft segment has the external diameter that the internal diameter with respect to cylinder 2 reduces.

Be positioned at ramming on the lower end that plate 42 is molded into described shaft segment 41 of cylinder 2 belows, the boundary face that it is outwards aimed at, that protrude the bottom when operation with the stake shape thing that remains to be pressed into, for example as the upper end acting in conjunction of planned sheet pile wall element.Have a plurality of around, the piston portion section 43 of seal washer that axially spaced-apart is arranged apart from ground is molded on the upper end of the described shaft segment 41 of ramming piece 4, described seal washer turns round on the inner sleeve surface of cylinder 2.The circle wall of the downside of the upper side of described piston portion section 43 and piston 3 and cylinder 2 defines working chamber 23 jointly.The end face 44 towards the working chamber 23 of described cylinder 2 of ramming piece 4 utilizes smooth fuel bath (Brennstoffmulde) to polish.

Described ram piece 4 above, piston 3 be provided with around, the bottom section section of airtight packing ring that axially spaced-apart is arranged apart from ground is at the internal operation of cylinder 2.When the end face 31 of piston 3 lies on the end face 44 of ramming piece 4, the bottom of described piston 3 freely, the end face 31 that polishes by radially be positioned at outside around step 32 so be offset, thereby consisted of the loop configuration of combustion chamber.

Ram on the bottom section section that load 34 is molded into piston 3 described ramming in the top section section that load extends to cylinder 2.For piston 3 being taken in the top original position of cylinder 2 inside, to ram load 34 and be furnished with unshowned synchronous boss (Mitnahmeschulter) described, the hook of unshowned lifting gear can act on the described synchronous boss.Circle wall at described cylinder 2 is furnished with fuel injection device 5.Like this described fuel injection device 5 of design, thus its in each working cycles with the fuel of prior specified rate, especially diesel injection in the working chamber 23 of described cylinder 2.In addition, on the circle wall of described cylinder 2, also be furnished with the work arm 24 that penetrates obliquely described circle wall extension.Suck combustion air by described work arm 24, and discharge burning gases.

Cover plate 20 and ramming of piston 3 at closed cylinder 2 have been designed displacement chamber 25 between the load 34, also have described displacement chamber when the step height (Sprungh he) of described piston 3 is maximum.The wall that airflow path 6 runs through described cylinder 2 is passed in the displacement chamber 25, and described airflow path is in an embodiment with the formal construction along the pipeline of the exterior guiding of cylinder 2.Described airflow path 6 lead in the zone of combustion chamber 33 cylinder 2 outer wall transformations on the fin 26 that is circular layout.In an embodiment, unshowned choke valve is arranged in the described airflow path 6, and described choke valve has caused higher air velocity in the time of on striking fin 26.

In Fig. 1, schematically show at the described equipment gas motion that causes in service of ramming.At this, the described schematic operation circulation of ramming load 34 has been shown in the different single moment in chronological order.Fig. 1 a) in, described piston 3 is in just in the whereabouts incipient, that caused by gravity.At this, fresh air is inhaled into by airflow path 6, and the gas that is present in simultaneously described piston 3 bottoms is pushed out by work arm 24.Have the b at Fig. 1) shown in other operating condition of end position under, continue air amounts by described airflow path 6.In addition, in this process, piston 3 is through the control edge (Steuerkante) of work arm 24, and compression is present in the fresh air in the working chamber 23.Fig. 1 b) showing described piston 3 is just striking on the end face 44 of ramming piece 4.The fuel of introducing by described fuel injection device 5 strikes at piston 3 and is lighted after ramming on the piece 4.By the blast that causes thus described piston 3 is upwards got rid of back again.At this, the air that is positioned at when this moves upward beginning above the piston 3 is carried by the airflow path 6 that is connected on the reduction displacement chamber 25 that dwindles.Simultaneously, the motion by described piston 3 is drawn into fresh air in the cylinder inner cavity by work arm 24.At move upward (Fig. 1 d) subsequently) process in, until reached maximum air discharge pressure during the top dead centre of described piston 3.The air of discharging by described airflow path 6 is directly transferred on the fin 26.Such as Fig. 1 d) shown, at this constantly, for the cylinder 2 below the described piston 3 additionally provides fresh air.

By the forced convection in described airflow path 6 on the fin 26, mainly be the cooling effect that in the zone of combustion chamber 33, has caused the lifting of the equipment of ramming.This so that, not only when the moving upward of piston 3 but also when moving downward, all realized the described air cooling of ramming the active of equipment 1.By the forced convection on the heat sink 26 in the zone of described combustion chamber 33, realized the longer running time of the equipment of ramming 1, thereby caused the lifting of efficient.

Claims

1. ram equipment, especially diesel oil hammer ram, the described equipment of ramming has the cylinder that is supported with movably therein piston and be arranged in the piece of ramming below the described piston in the described running status of ramming equipment, wherein, between the end face of the described end face that is arranged in described cylinder interior of ramming piece and described piston, define in the axial direction working chamber, the fuel of the amount that defines can be incorporated in the described working chamber by the fuel injection device that arranges, it is characterized in that, described cylinder (2) seals by cover plate (20) with the described relative upper side of piece (4) of ramming at it, wherein, between cover plate (20) and piston (3), when the step height of described piston (3) is maximum, also between piston (3) and cover plate (20), have displacement chamber (25), described displacement chamber with link to each other for the described air cooled device of ramming equipment (1).

2. the equipment of ramming according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, be furnished with fin (26) at described cylinder (2), wherein, be used for the airflow path (6) that the described air cooled device of ramming equipment (1) comprises the ventilation that at least one is used for described fin (26).

3. the equipment of ramming according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described fin (26) is arranged in the zone of combustion chamber (33) at least in part.

4. according to claim 2 or the 3 described equipment of ramming, it is characterized in that, so construct at least one airflow path (6), thereby so that the air stream of discharging conduct along described fin (26).

5. each described equipment of ramming in 4 according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described at least one airflow path (6) externally is arranged in the described pipeline of ramming on the equipment (1) by at least one and consists of, and described pipeline is passed in the described displacement chamber (25).

6. each described equipment of ramming in 5 according to claim 2 is characterized in that at least one choke valve is arranged in described at least one airflow path (6).