CN102946260B - Automatic meter reading system and communication link quality detecting method thereof - Google Patents
Automatic meter reading system and communication link quality detecting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic meter reading system and a communication link quality detecting method thereof. By utilizing the system, a new network layer interface architecture between a power line carrier module and a terminal is provided and through the architecture, an IPV6 (Internet Protocol Version 6) network can be directly accessed. The detecting method comprises a master-slave mode and a slave-master mode. In the master-slave mode, test data packets are sent from a master module, while a slave module at the opposite end receives the test data packets, records the test result and sends the result data to a concentrator; and in the slave-master mode, test data packets are sent from the slave module, while the master module receives the test data packets, records the test result and sends the result to the concentrator. According to the invention, the concentrator drives the master module and the slave module to be in the related link test mode by the control primitive, therefore the on-line detection of the link quality of each node of the master module and the slave module under the control of ICMP (Internet Control Messages Protocol) is realized, and an effective guarantee is supplied for the on-line network quality of an AMI (Advanced Metering Infrastructure) system of a smart power grid.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Automatic meter reading system and communication link quality detection method thereof.
Background technology
Current power line carrier communication mainly contains arrowband single carrier communication mechanism, utilizes spread spectrum to improve the anti-interference and anti-interception capability of communication, for example PSK and S-FSK power line communication mechanism.IEC61334 has worked out S-FSK electric power carrier communication technology standard.Standard regulation: S-FSK adds up BER in physical layer, utilizes a byte lead code of transmission, and a byte frame delimiter, adds the data block of 38 bytes and carry out.In the situation that supposition frame alignment error does not occur, BER calculates according to the error code in a data block.In addition, State Grid Corporation of China's company standard " Q/GDW 376.2-2009 concentrator local communication module interface agreement ", has specified the communication protocol of concentrator and carrier module.This standard is not worked out the online quality test interface of network node, less than the expansion about in this respect, so cannot realize arrowband power line communication link online quality control in national grid carrier communication system yet.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of Automatic meter reading system and communication link quality detection method thereof of on-line implement.
This Automatic meter reading system provided by the invention, comprise electric energy meter, concentrator, carrier communication module and power line network, described carrier communication module comprises DSP module and carrier modulation module, DSP module is used for building network layer, and carrier modulation module is adapted to for signal transmission is modulated into the signal that power line is propagated; Concentrator is by the DSP module communication of serial ports and concentrator side, and this DSP module is again by the carrier modulation module communication of serial ports and concentrator side; The carrier modulation module of concentrator side is by the carrier modulation module communication of power line network and electric energy meter side; The carrier modulation module of electric energy meter side is by the DSP module communication of serial ports and electric energy meter side, and this DSP module is communicated by letter with electric energy meter by serial ports.
Being primary module in the carrier communication module of concentrator side, is from module in the carrier communication module of electric energy meter side.
The communication link quality detection method of this Automatic meter reading system, comprises master slave mode and from holotype; This detection method comprises the steps:
Step 1, the framework of network layer: network layer comprises UDP package module, IPv6 package module, ICMP package module and the online detection module of communication link, terminal applies layer data message APDU is packaged into UDP message by UDP package module, ICMP encapsulation becomes to be adapted to the data message form of network layer and the transmission of route interlayer for link communication being detected to Information encapsulation, IPv6 package module is packaged into UDP message the IPv6 message being applicable in the transmission of IPv6 network layer; The online detection module of communication link is for primary module with from reception and the transmission of the control command of the communication link quality of the each node of module;
Step 2, master slave mode, concentrator is sent out control command to primary module network layer, opens the online measuring ability of master slave mode communication link;
Step 3, primary module network layer is sent test and management order to specifying from module network layer, requires to enter test pattern and prepare to receive test data from module;
Step 4, from module network layer is received the test and management order of primary module network layer, opens test pattern, this test session of initialization, and send and confirm receipt to primary module;
Step 5, primary module is received the confirmation of receipt of returning from module, enters and sends test data flow process, the circulation of primary module network layer sends fixing test data extremely from module;
Step 6, from module at physical layer and MAC layer statistical channel quality information, and these information are sent to from module network layer, from the report of average each frame of module network layer sorting-out in statistics and gather, after having tested, from module network layer, this test results administration order is reported to concentrator;
Step 7, from holotype, concentrator is sent out control command to primary module network layer, opens from the online measuring ability of holotype communication link;
Step 8, primary module network layer is sent test and management order to specifying from module network layer, requires to enter test pattern setup test data from module;
Step 9, from module network layer is received the test and management order of primary module network layer, opens test pattern, and replys response message;
Step 10, primary module is received from the response message of module, initialization test session, and prepare to receive test data;
Step 11, sends fixing test data to primary module from the circulation of module network layer;
Step 12, primary module is at physical layer and MAC layer statistical channel quality information, and is sent to primary module network layer; The report of average each frame of primary module network layer sorting-out in statistics also gathers;
Step 13, after having tested, test result is reported concentrator by primary module network layer.
Described ICMP encapsulation detects the encapsulation of data for link-quality, in the time of link-quality testing, use; UDP encapsulation, for the encapsulation of meter reading data, is used in the time of automatic data logging; Under the test pattern detecting at link-quality, the work of ICMP package module, UDP package module is not worked; Close this test pattern, the work of UDP package module, electric energy meter, without repeated registration, just can be realized automatic data logging.Described link communication detection information comprises from link quality data, concentrator sense command and the primary module of module and the each node of primary module with from module link communication check result.Described channel quality information comprises signal to noise ratio, the error rate, Packet Error Rate and link-quality instruction.
The present invention proposes network layer interface framework between a kind of new power line carrier module and terminal, can directly access IPv6 network by this framework.In addition, under the test pattern detecting at link-quality, network layer application ICMP agreement of the present invention forms test data message, can distinguish meter reading data and transmit the UDP message using, and ICMP protocol massages only reaches from module and controls, can not arrive electric energy meter, therefore, the present invention can not cause the mistake copy reading of electric energy meter in the detection that realizes online network quality.Simultaneously, in the present invention, concentrator makes primary module and enters the associative mode of link test from module by controlling primitive, realize under the control of ICMP agreement primary module and detected online from the link-quality of the each node of module, for the online network quality of intelligent grid AMI system provides effective guarantee.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the correspondence figure of electric energy meter in concentrator and arbitrary net in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is network layer structure figure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is icmp packet form of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is IPv6 frame format of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is master slave mode link detecting schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is that the present invention is from holotype link detecting schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Intelligent metering architectural framework (AMI), requires data and information bidirectional intercommunication between concentrator and electric energy meter, and this just requires at a high speed the communication technology reliably.PLC technology, because circuit is widely distributed, does not need extra infrastructure construction, so obtain huge propelling.In order to reduce AMI system for field operation maintenance amount, real-time online detects communication link quality, and meeting the market requirement increases one deck network layer interface between terminal applies layer and power carrier module, propose a kind of new IPv6 framework, realize AMI communication link quality and detect.The network quality that the present invention can realize system in network layer detects the collection of data and reports, and comprises signal to noise ratio (snr), link-quality instruction (LQI), the error rate (BER) and packet loss (PER) etc.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes electric energy meter, concentrator, carrier communication module and power line network.Carrier communication module comprises DSP module and carrier modulation module, and DSP module is used for building network layer, and carrier modulation module is adapted to for signal transmission is modulated into the signal that power line is propagated.Concentrator application layer is by the network layer communication of serial port protocol and concentrator side, and this network layer is again by the carrier modulation module communication of serial port protocol and concentrator side; The carrier modulation module of concentrator side is by the carrier modulation module communication of power line network and electric energy meter side; The carrier modulation module of electric energy meter side is by the network layer communication of serial port protocol and electric energy meter side, and this network layer is communicated by letter with electric energy meter by serial port protocol.
Being primary module in the carrier communication module of concentrator side, is from module in the carrier communication module of electric energy meter side.
Communication network of the present invention comprises terminal applies layer, network layer and carrier modulation module.Wherein, terminal comprises electric energy meter and concentrator, and carrier modulation module is arrowband power line modem.Concentrator and electric energy meter are by serial port protocol and network layer communication; Network layer is to link up the intermediate layer of terminal and carrier module, and carrier modulation module is for operating carrier protocol stack.Under the test pattern detecting at communication link quality, electric energy meter does not participate in the mutual of data.In Automatic meter reading system, communication link quality measuring ability issues primitive to network layer by concentrator and opens, and is divided into principal and subordinate's direction and detects and detect from principal direction; These are controlled primitive and enter test session state by network layer control carrier modulation module, are divided into principal and subordinate's test pattern and from main test pattern.When test, use ICMP test packet data, to distinguish the UDP message of normal meter reading data, and in quantity and the length of network layer control message.
As shown in Figure 2, network layer is as the intermediate layer between carrier modulation module and terminal applies layer, play the function of linking up terminal applies layer and the dialogue of carrier modulation module, and under the control of concentrator, make carrier modulation module enter communication link online quality control pattern, thereby realize Automatic meter reading system communication link quality measuring ability.
Network layer comprises UDP package module, IPv6 package module, the online detection module of ICMP package module and communication link.Wherein the object of IPv6 encapsulation is the frame format that terminal applies layer frame is packaged into carrier modulation module and can directly accesses IPv6 network.Terminal applies layer data message APDU is packaged into UDP message by UDP encapsulation, and this message is for the transmission of normal meter reading data between terminal and module.As shown in Figure 3, ICMP encapsulation detects for the link-quality from module and primary module node, the issuing and primary module and reporting from module testing result of concentrator sense command.As shown in Figure 4, IPv6 encapsulation is that UDP message or icmp packet are packaged into the IPv6 message that can transmit in IPv6 network layer.The object of this layer of encapsulation is that terminal can access Internet net by netting twine.
In order to test, the present invention is self-defined 2 icmp packet types and relevant control order, in table one.
1. types value is 200: the icmp packet of representative transmission is test and management order.
2. types value is 201: the icmp packet of representative transmission is test pack.
Table one:
| command name | function |
| cHANNEL_TEST | test channel, controls two directions: main and subordinate node direction and from host node direction.Concrete direction is determined by first data item in DSP-MGMT-CMD.request primitive: CommandDestination |
| cHANNEL_TEST_ACK | channel is confirmed the confirmation of request |
| cHANNEL_TEST_REP | the report the test of channel test request |
| cHANNEL_TEST_VECTOR | during test session, the ICMP data message of transmission, direction is from CommandDestination to Test Destinaiton |
When electric energy meter and concentrator are all in line states, concentrator sends test and management order open communication link-quality measuring ability.Communication link quality of the present invention detects and is divided into master slave mode and from holotype.Under master slave mode session, ICMP test packet is sent by primary module network layer, via primary module, transfer to opposite end from module by power line, from module precognition test data, the data that relatively receive at physical layer and MAC layer and known test data, according to difference statistics link-quality, such as signal to noise ratio, the error rate and packet loss etc., be sent to from module network layer from module and by these information, arranging link quality information from module network layer.After receiving whole test packs, from module, this test results administration order is reported to concentrator.
From holotype session, ICMP test packet is by sending from module network layer, via from module, transfer to opposite end primary module by power line, primary module precognition test data, the data that relatively receive at physical layer and MAC layer and known test data, according to difference statistics link-quality, such as signal to noise ratio, the error rate and packet loss etc., primary module is also sent to primary module network layer by these information, arranges link quality information in primary module network layer.After receiving whole test packs, from module, this test results administration order is reported to primary module, primary module reports concentrator again.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 5, under master slave mode, electric energy meter is bypassed.Concentrator issues control command to primary module, requires principal and subordinate's module to enter master-slave communication link detecting pattern.
Concrete operation step is as follows:
Step 1, primitive DSP-MGMT-CMD.request is issued primary module network layer by concentrator, asks it to open the online measuring ability of master slave mode communication link, and the data structure of this primitive is as follows:
Structure(size(5))
{
CommandDestination octet-string(8 bytes),
CommandID unsigned char (8 bits),
CommandDataLength unsigned short (16bits),
CommandData octet-string,
CommandHandle unsigned char (8 bits),
}
Step 2, primary module network layer is sent test and management order CHANNEL_TEST to specifying from module network layer, sends " request of data ", requires to enter test session pattern and prepare to receive data from module.
Step 3, from module network layer is received the test and management order of primary module network layer, opens test pattern this test session of initialization, carries out " request of data " and " data validation " operation, gets through channel paths.Afterwards, under test and management order CHANNEL_TEST_ACK controls, carry out channel and confirm the confirmation of asking, reply the confirmation receipt of " request of data confirmation " simultaneously to primary module.
Step 4, primary module receives the confirmation of receipt of returning from module, and replys a receipt of confirming opening network test function by primitive DSP-MGMT-CMD.confirm to concentrator, the data structure of this primitive is as follows:
Structure(size(5))
{
status unsigned char (8 bits),
CommandID unsigned char (8 bits),
CommandDataLength unsigned short (16bits),
CommandData octet-string
CommandHandle unsigned char (8 bits),
}
Meanwhile, primary module enters and sends test data flow process.
Step 5, primary module network layer is under test and management order CHANNEL_TEST_VECTOR effect, and circulation sends fixing test data extremely from module.
Step 6,, comprises signal to noise ratio, link-quality instruction, the error rate, Packet Error Rate and other relevant link qualitative datas, and is sent to from module network layer at physical layer and MAC layer statistical channel quality information from module.
Step 7, from module network layer, under the effect of test and management order CHANNEL_TEST_REPORT, the report of average each frame of sorting-out in statistics also gathers.
Step 8, reports concentrator by primitive DSP-MGMT-CMD.indication by channel detection result by this test result from module network layer after having tested; The data structure of this primitive is as follows:
Structure(size(4))
{
CommandSource octet-string(8 bytes),
CommandID unsigned char (8 bits),
CommandDataLength unsigned short (16bits),
CommandData octet-string
}
As shown in Figure 6, from holotype, electric energy meter is also bypassed.Concentrator issues control command to primary module, requires principal and subordinate's module to enter from main communication link detecting pattern.Concrete operation step is as follows:
Step 1, concentrator to primary module network layer, is opened primitive DSP-MGMT-CMD.request from the online measuring ability of holotype communication link.The data structure of this primitive is as follows:
Structure(size(5))
{
CommandDestination octet-string(8 bytes),
CommandID unsigned char (8 bits),
CommandDataLength unsigned short (16bits),
CommandData octet-string,
CommandHandle unsigned char (8 bits),
}
Step 2, primary module network layer is sent test and management order CHANNEL_TEST to specifying from module network layer, sends " request of data ", requires to enter test pattern setup test data from module.
Step 3, from module network layer is received the test and management order of primary module network layer, opens test pattern, carries out " request of data " and " data validation " operation, gets through channel paths.Afterwards, under test and management order CHANNEL_TEST_ACK effect, carry out channel and confirm the confirmation of asking, reply the confirmation receipt of " request of data confirmation " simultaneously to primary module.
Step 4, primary module is received from the response message of module, initialization test session, and prepare to receive test data, and reply a receipt of confirming opening network test function by primitive DSP-MGMT-CMD.confirm to concentrator, the data structure of this primitive is as follows:
Structure(size(5))
{
status unsigned char (8 bits),
CommandID unsigned char (8 bits),
CommandDataLength unsigned short (16bits),
CommandData octet-string
CommandHandle unsigned char (8 bits),
}
Step 5, from module network layer, under the effect of test and management order CHANNEL_TEST_VECTOR, circulation sends fixing test data to primary module.
Step 6, primary module, at physical layer and MAC layer statistical channel quality information, comprises signal to noise ratio, link-quality instruction, the error rate, Packet Error Rate and other relevant link qualitative datas, and is sent to primary module network layer.
Step 7, primary module network layer is under the effect of test and management order CHANNEL_TEST_REPORT, and the report of average each frame of sorting-out in statistics also gathers.
Step 8, after having tested, primary module network layer reports concentrator by primitive DSP-MGMT-CMD.indication by test result.
Structure(size(4))
{
CommandSource octet-string(8 bytes),
CommandID unsigned char (8 bits),
CommandDataLength unsigned short (16bits),
CommandData octet-string
}。
Claims (4)
1. a communication link quality detection method for Automatic meter reading system, described Automatic meter reading system, comprises electric energy meter, concentrator, carrier communication module and power line network; Described carrier communication module comprises DSP module and carrier modulation module, and DSP module is used for building network layer, and carrier modulation module is adapted to for signal transmission is modulated into the signal that power line is propagated; Concentrator is by the DSP module communication of serial ports and concentrator side, and this DSP module is again by the carrier modulation module communication of serial ports and concentrator side; The carrier modulation module of concentrator side is by the carrier modulation module communication of power line network and electric energy meter side; The carrier modulation module of electric energy meter side is by the DSP module communication of serial ports and electric energy meter side, and this DSP module is communicated by letter with electric energy meter by serial ports; Being primary module in the carrier communication module of concentrator side, is from module in the carrier communication module of electric energy meter side; It is characterized in that, comprise master slave mode and from holotype; This detection method comprises the steps:
Step 1, the framework of network layer: network layer comprises UDP package module, IPv6 package module, ICMP package module and the online detection module of communication link, terminal applies layer data message APDU is packaged into UDP message by UDP package module, ICMP encapsulation becomes to be adapted to the data message form of network layer and the transmission of route interlayer for link communication being detected to Information encapsulation, IPv6 package module is packaged into UDP message the IPv6 message being applicable in the transmission of IPv6 network layer; The online detection module of communication link is for primary module with from reception and the transmission of the control command of the communication link quality of the each node of module;
Step 2, master slave mode, concentrator is sent out control command to primary module network layer, opens the online measuring ability of master slave mode communication link;
Step 3, primary module network layer is sent test and management order to specifying from module network layer, requires to enter test pattern and prepare to receive test data from module;
Step 4, from module network layer is received the test and management order of primary module network layer, opens test pattern, this test session of initialization, and send and confirm receipt to primary module;
Step 5, primary module is received the confirmation of receipt of returning from module, enters and sends test data flow process, the circulation of primary module network layer sends fixing test data extremely from module;
Step 6, from module at physical layer and MAC layer statistical channel quality information, and these information are sent to from module network layer, from the report of average each frame of module network layer sorting-out in statistics and gather, after having tested, from module network layer, this test results administration order is reported to concentrator;
Step 7, from holotype, concentrator is sent out control command to primary module network layer, opens from the online measuring ability of holotype communication link;
Step 8, primary module network layer is sent test and management order to specifying from module network layer, requires to enter test pattern setup test data from module;
Step 9, from module network layer is received the test and management order of primary module network layer, opens test pattern, and replys response message;
Step 10, primary module is received from the response message of module, initialization test session, and prepare to receive test data;
Step 11, sends fixing test data to primary module from the circulation of module network layer;
Step 12, primary module is at physical layer and MAC layer statistical channel quality information, and is sent to primary module network layer; The report of average each frame of primary module network layer sorting-out in statistics also gathers;
Step 13, after having tested, test result is reported concentrator by primary module network layer.
2. the communication link quality detection method of Automatic meter reading system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described ICMP encapsulation detects the encapsulation of data for link-quality, in the time of link-quality testing, use; UDP encapsulation, for the encapsulation of meter reading data, is used in the time of automatic data logging; Under the test pattern detecting at link-quality, the work of ICMP package module, UDP package module is not worked; Close this test pattern, the work of UDP package module, electric energy meter, without repeated registration, just can be realized automatic data logging.
3. the communication link quality detection method of Automatic meter reading system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described link communication detection information comprises from link quality data, concentrator sense command and the primary module of module and the each node of primary module with from module link communication check result.
4. the communication link quality detection method of Automatic meter reading system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described channel quality information comprises signal to noise ratio, the error rate, Packet Error Rate and link-quality instruction.
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| CN103346846B (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2015-06-10 | 国家电网公司 | Communication channel stimulation system of electricity consumption information collection system |
| CN103366544A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-10-23 | 国家电网公司 | Routing simulation system based on electric power line |
| CN103812702A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-05-21 | 深圳市海亿康科技有限公司 | Method for dynamically indicating network state of broadband power line |
| CN105634857A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2016-06-01 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Link connectivity detecting method and device |
| CN105792478B (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2018-02-13 | 国电南瑞科技股份有限公司 | A kind of street lamp control system and method based on power information acquisition system |
| CN109951309B (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2022-10-11 | 南京新联电子股份有限公司 | Electric energy cloud acquisition system network node maintenance method and device |
| CN110969827A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-07 | 科大智能电气技术有限公司 | Low-voltage power line carrier meter reading system and method |
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