CN102944267A - Double-throttling three-differential-pressure wet-gas two-phase flow measurement system - Google Patents
Double-throttling three-differential-pressure wet-gas two-phase flow measurement system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of two-phase flow measurement and relates to a double-throttling three-differential-pressure wet-gas two-phase flow measurement system, which comprises a first throttling device and a second throttling device which are mutually connected. The first throttling device comprises a cone which is fixedly arranged in a measuring pipe. The second throttling device is a Venturi throttling device. Pressure sampling positions are respectively arranged at the upstream and the throat of the first throttling device. Pressure sampling positions are respectively arranged at the upstream, the throat and the downstream of the second throttling device. The pressure sampling positions at the upstream and the throat of the first throttling device are connected to a first differential pressure transmitter through external pressure guide pipes. The pressure sampling positions at the upstream and the throat of the second throttling device are connected to a second differential pressure transmitter through external pressure guide pipes. The pressure sampling positions at the throat and the downstream of the second throttling device are connected to a third differential pressure transmitter through external pressure guide pipes. The double-throttling three-differential-pressure wet-gas two-phase flow measurement system has the characteristics of simple structure, no movable part, convenience in implementation, wide measurement range, high accuracy, high safety and reliability and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the two-phase flowmeter technical field, relate to a kind of moisture two-phase flow measurement device.
Background technology
Moisture extensively exists in industrial process as a kind of specific form of biphase gas and liquid flow.Gas and liquid all are fluids, their flowing law is basic identical when flowing separately, all defer to the basic mass conservation and energy conservation equation, mathematical model is basic simlarities all also, but when their common existence are also flowed simultaneously, because there is larger difference in the dielectric property of two-phase fluid, such as fluid density, viscosity, the physical parameters such as the coefficient of friction resistance are different, the two-phase fluid interphase interaction, influence each other, be stressed simultaneously, the impact of the working conditions such as flow velocity, so that flowing of moisture gas-liquid two-phase shown more complicated characteristic with single-phase mobile comparing, many criterions relations and analytical approach in single-phase flowing all can not be applied directly in the research of moisture biphase gas and liquid flow.In recent decades, because traditional industry and infant industry, such as industrial gas oil, chemical engineering, metallurgical engineering, the nuclear reactor engineering, the rapidly development in the fields such as Aerospace Engineering, measurement to the moisture biphase gas and liquid flow has proposed more and more highland requirement, the research that has also promoted simultaneously this field obtains more deeply fast development, the characteristics that Chinese scholars flows according to moisture, many theoretical models and research method have been proposed, and solved certain actual industrial problem, yet existing achievement in research shows, the case is extremely complicated in the measurement of moisture biphase gas and liquid flow, and the difficulty of detection is very large, and all there is certain limitation in detection means at present.Because no matter the limitation of intrinsic complicacy, diversity and measurement means is in theory or on the method, the research of this respect still is in developing stage, so the flow measurement of moisture all will be the focus of studying both at home and abroad within the quite a long time.
Utilizing standard orifice flow meter to cooperate large-scale gas-liquid separator, is the most widely used a kind of mode that wet gas is measured of present oil gas field, yet also has a lot of actual problems in the use procedure of industry spot.The geometric configuration of orifice plate can produce because use for a long time wearing and tearing, especially the sharp-pointed corner that the orifice plate measuring accuracy is had considerable influence, its sharpness is along with use gradually changes, if do not obtain timely examination and maintenance then can produce larger error in dipping; The adaptable flowrate optimization measurement range of single orifice plate institute is limited, because different gas wells switch metering in turn, and the fluctuation of gas well output itself, flow range in the actual industrial scene changes relatively large, because can't change timely orifice plate in the time of most of, measurement range has often exceeded standard; Matching used secondary instrument, the use of pressure, differential pressure, temperature transmitter also has larger impact to measuring accuracy, and when differential pressure transmitter used near measurement lower limit, final flow measurement result had very large error.Because the impact of these factors, the on-the-spot precision of using of orifice plate is roughly ± 3%, and for the situation of some improper uses, the corresponding meeting of measuring accuracy further descends, in the situation that the exceedingly odious error of measuring can reach ± 15% ~ ± 20%.These all are the estimations in the situation of not considering the orifice plate hydrops, in fact there is not separation vessel can accomplish 100% complete separating effect, gas all can be taken a small amount of drop out of from the process that separation vessel flows out, because the special structure of orifice plate, along with long use, all can form certain hydrops in the upstream and downstream of orifice plate, and then measurement is caused great impact, there are some researches show containing in liquid 1% situation, the orifice plate measuring error that is caused by hydrops can reach more than 10%.
Chinese patent ZL 200810151346.6 has proposed a kind of double differential pressure throttle moisture measuring device, consisted of by the embedded common taper core body of straight tube and two restriction devices of standard venturi, on two restriction devices, take out respectively the one-level differential pressure signal, shrink and the distinct project organization of limit wall difference in shrinkage by the center of two restriction devices, realize the measurement of gas-liquid two-phase flow.Facts have proved, there is following shortcoming in this patent of invention: the taper restriction device throttling of (1) this Patent equipment than scope between 0.6 ~ 0.85, the throttling of venturi restriction device is than between 0.3 ~ 0.5, through the industry spot performance verification, there is the narrower shortcoming of intersection measurement range in this design, range ratio less than 1/3rd is used to be restricted in the larger situation of operating mode fluctuations in discharge scope; (2) this Patent equipment is only got two differential pressure signals in the throttling of regulation in than scope, it is the front differential pressure signal of cone differential pressure and venturi, because two restriction devices are the ordinary construction form, fully do not optimize, cause the shortcoming such as the not high and measurement range of measuring accuracy is not wide; Simultaneously, system does not consider Redundancy Design, when accident appears in any pressure of device, occurs such as situations such as obstructions, and whole system is in paralyzed state immediately, affects the normal operation of system.(3) the taper core body director of the throat degree in this Patent equipment is less, less than 1 millimeter, in the gas phase high-speed flow area, owing to there not being enough accelerating spaces, gas-liquid two-phase mixes abundant not, therefore gas phase is not enough to the acceleration of liquid phase, and measured differential pressure signal is responsive not to liquid phase, causes range ability narrower; (4) utilize the afterbody flow field regions pressure of taper core body in the device, cone differential pressure signal amplitude is not high, and this flow field easily forms whirlpool, and differential pressure signal is second-rate, causes overall signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) not ideal enough; (5) the cone downstream in this Patent equipment is the static pressure recirculating zone of vortex arising, when having fine particle impurity in the pipeline, the impulse passage easily stops up the venturi throat secundum legem venturi design of (6) this Patent equipment, throat length and throat diameter 1:1 design, further investigation shows, when this device is used for measuring biphase gas and liquid flow, because throat's circulation path is too small, liquid phase is accelerated during by throat sufficient equally not by gas phase, so that the gas-liquid two-phase mixing is abundant not, affect throat's pressure signal quality, so signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) waits to improve; (7) design of the venturi expansion segment expansion angle of this Patent equipment is undesirable, so that the downstream expansion segment easily forms backflow, causes hydrops, and the system that finally affects is to the identification capability of higher liquid phase content; (8) ways of measure pressure is the single-point pressure in this Patent equipment, adopts the independently double pressure of small-sized gas-liquid sealing chamber realization gas-liquid isolation of external hanging type, and the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of measuring-signal is low, and the gas-liquid efficiency of isolation is low; (9) whole blowoff valves are positioned at gas-liquid sealing chamber lower end in this Patent equipment, and its existing design can not realize sealing chamber and the Integral synchronous blowdown of measuring main line; (10) in this Patent equipment all the gas-liquid sealing chambers be positioned at a side of gauge line, affect the weight balancing of single unit system, because the existence of rotary torque, affect safety and the serviceable life of device after installing.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the problems referred to above of prior art, a kind of moisture gas-liquid two-phase Flow Measuring System that is more applicable for is proposed, by double throttle device and the corresponding three-stage differential thereof that adopts the long throat characteristic, and improvement ways of measure pressure, realization is to gas-liquid two-phase wide-range more, high precision more, more containing large amount of liquid and reliability does not separate measurement online.The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of double throttle three differential pressure moisture two-phase flow measurement systems, comprise interconnective first throttle device and the second restriction device, described first throttle device comprises the cone that is fixed in the measuring channel, and the larynx length of described cone and the ratio of internal diameter of the pipeline are between 0.3 ~ 1.5; Described the second restriction device is the venturi restriction device, and the larynx length of its throat and the ratio in its throat aperture are between 4 ~ 8, and the expansion angle of expansion segment is less than 7 °; Upstream and throat at the first throttle device arrange respectively pressure place, in the upstream of the second restriction device and throat and downstream pressure place is set respectively, the upstream of first throttle device and pressure place of throat are connected on the first differential pressure transmitter by external pressure guiding pipe, the upstream of the second restriction device and pressure place of throat are connected on the second differential pressure transmitter by external pressure guiding pipe, the throat of the second restriction device and downstream pressure place are connected on the 3rd differential pressure transmitter by external pressure guiding pipe, and pressure place of first throttle device upstream also is connected to a pressure unit by external pressure guiding pipe.
As preferred implementation, offer four inner pressure ports at each pressure place of measuring channel conplane tube wall vertical with axis, two at horizontal direction maximum gauge place, the vertical direction maximal value is directly located two, fix a ring casing structure in the periphery of four inner pressure ports, this ring casing is coaxial with the measuring channel body, be fixed on the measuring channel body pressure place outer wall, formation has the gas-liquid isolated chamber in certain capacity space, offer the impulse mouth that connects external pressure guiding pipe above the chamber vertical axis, four inner pressure ports of impulse mouth and tube wall are not at grade; Offer the sewage draining exit that connects external blow-off pipe below the chamber vertical axis, sewage draining exit and four inner pressure ports are not in one plane; Distance between downstream pressure place of described the second restriction device and the outlet of expansion pipeline section is 5 ~ 9 times of measuring channel internal diameter.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention is optimized (such as throttling ratio, throat length, throat pressure position cone and Wen Qiu structure, the geometric parameters such as pressure position of the expansion angle of expansion segment, downstream pressure recovery section are reasonable), with the forward and backward differential pressure signal triplicity of cone differential pressure signal, the venturi of double throttle device, the performance index such as the measurement range of Effective Raise moisture device, measuring accuracy and measurement reliability.
(2) adopt the pressure of composite integrated ring casing gas-liquid isolation pressure vessel, this pressure vessel is the annular compartment with certain gas-liquid capacity, can hold 4 pressure ports measuring on the main line pressure face, can realize the fast effectively isolation of gas-liquid, the synchronous blowdown of single unit system, the weight balancing of single unit system is good, and the measuring-signal signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) is high, good reproducibility.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 a, Fig. 1 b double throttle three differential pressure moisture two-phase flow measurement system construction drawings of the present invention, the former is front elevation, the latter is side view.
Fig. 2 fluid of the present invention limit wall shrinks long throat taper restriction device and ring casing ways of measure pressure schematic diagram thereof;
The schematic diagram of Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b long throat venturi of the present invention restriction device and ring casing ways of measure pressure thereof, left figure is front elevation, right figure is sectional view.
The ring casing gas-liquid isolation pressure vessel structural representation that Fig. 4 the present invention adopts, a is front view, b is the sectional view of a.
Fig. 5 double throttle three-stage differential monophasic fluid efflux coefficient graph of a relation.
Fig. 6 double throttle three-stage differential is along with X
LMVariation relation figure.
Description of drawings is as follows: 1 pressure unit, 21 first differential pressure transmitters, 22 second differential pressure transmitters, 23 the 3rd differential pressure transmitters, 3 temperature transmitters, 4 liang of valve groups, 5 pressure vessel ring casings, 6 external pressure guiding pipes-access pressure device, 7 external pressure guiding pipe-dirty device runs in, 8 blowoff valves, 9 fluid limit walls shrink long throat taper restriction device throat extended type cone, 10 long throat venturi restriction device throats, 11 upstream straight lengths, 12, the cone tail support, 13 taper locks jack panels, 14 tube wall pressure ports, 15 downstream straight lengths, 16 measuring channels, 17 gas-liquid isolated chamber.
Embodiment
With the related experiment data the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
System diagram of the present invention comprises that the first throttle device that is positioned at front end is that the long larynx cervical vertebra shape restriction device of fluid limit wall contraction and the second restriction device that is positioned at the rear end are long throat venturi restriction device, as shown in Figure 1 respectively such as Fig. 2, Fig. 3.First difference of apparatus of the present invention flux of moisture measurement mechanism in the past is that two restriction devices can provide the three-stage differential signal, and two restriction devices all have structure and the pressure testing method of more optimizing, the effective improvement to measurement range, measuring accuracy be can realize, its reliability, security and work efficiency thereof guaranteed simultaneously.
The first throttle device is the taper measurement mechanism, is provided with a fluid limit wall at the middle part of measuring channel and shrinks long throat taper restriction device throat extended type cone 9, is fixed on the tube wall of measuring channel by cone tail support 12 and 3 taper locks jack panels 13.The throat of cone 9 lengthens, and the ratio of internal diameter of the pipeline is between 0.3 ~ 1.5.The second restriction device is the venturi restriction device, its throat 10 is long throat, throat length is between 4 ~ 8 times of throat diameter, thereafter differential pressure with pressure place on the downstream straight length 15 as high end pressure, throat's pressure place is as low end pressure, and the distance between the pressure of high end pressure and the outlet of expansion pipeline section is 5 ~ 9 times of internal diameter of the pipeline.
Upstream and respectively pressure of throat at the first throttle device, be connected on the first differential pressure transmitter 21, upstream and respectively pressure of throat at the second restriction device, be connected on the second differential pressure transmitter 22 the respectively pressure and being connected on the 3rd differential pressure transmitter 23 in the throat of the second restriction device and downstream.Second and third differential pressure transmitter uses ring casing gas-liquid isolation pressure vessel 5 pressures of throat jointly.Pressure unit 1 is equipped with in the porch, upstream, and the pressure guiding pipe of this transmitter can be drawn by external pressure guiding pipe 6 bypasses in the upstream of the first differential pressure transmitter, and temperature transmitter is fixed on the device rear end, is used for measuring the temperature in the pipeline.
Moisture device of the present invention adopt as Fig. 4-a and-the ring casing gas-liquid isolation pressure vessel shown in the b carries out pressure survey, can realize effectively that not only gas-liquid isolation and efficient are high, the pressure signal signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of measuring is high.Totally five of pressures place, every place arranges a pressure vessel 5, with the body coaxial design of measurement mechanism, is compound in measuring channel pressure place outer wall, but implement device entire system gravity balance.
The concrete structure of ring casing gas-liquid isolation pressure vessel is: offer four pressure ports 14 at pressure place of the measuring channel 16 conplane tube wall vertical with axis, two at horizontal direction maximum gauge place, the vertical direction maximal value is directly located two, fix a ring casing structure in the periphery of four pressure ports 14, this ring casing is coaxial with measuring channel 16 bodies, be fixed on the measuring channel 16 body pressure place outer walls, formation has the gas-liquid isolated chamber 17 in certain capacity space, above the chamber vertical axis, offer the impulse mouth that connects external pressure guiding pipe 6, the impulse mouth prevents that orifice jet from directly spraying into external pressure guiding pipe not on the plane at four pressure port 14 places; Below the chamber vertical axis, be provided with blow-off pipe 7, connect the blowdown apparatus such as blowoff valve.The chamber internal diameter is between 1.1～2.5 times of measurement mechanism trunk line internal diameter, chamber interior length be measurement mechanism trunk line internal diameter 0.8 times ~ 2.5 between.The ratio of the aperture of pressure port and internal diameter of the pipeline is between 0.05 ~ 0.15, and the ratio of the height of pressure port and internal diameter of the pipeline is between 0.06 ~ 0.2.The external mudhole of pressure vessel and inner pressure port not in one plane, the blow-off pipe direction can realize the synchronous blowdown of single unit system straight down.
The monophasic fluid efflux coefficient that obtains according to the front and back differential pressure of differential pressure, the second restriction device before the first throttle device and the graph of a relation of fluid Reynolds number are as shown in Figure 5, efflux coefficient is steady state value, can find out from the monophasic fluid measurement characteristics, the contraction section of Venturi tube and expansion segment all can independently be used for flow measurement.
Differential pressure is X with the L-M parameter that characterizes the liquid phase content behind the Qian of the front differential pressure of first throttle device, the second restriction device
LMThe graph of a relation of parameter as shown in Figure 6, the differential pressure of first throttle device is along with X
LMIncrease and increase, the front differential pressure of the second restriction device is along with X
LMIncrease and increase, but slope is much larger than the slope of first throttle device; The rear differential pressure of the second restriction device is along with X
LMIncrease and reduce gradually, present opposite trend.The certain regularity of the equal tool of trend that three-stage differential changes with the liquid phase content, the mutual compensation by these three grades of signals can realize effectively widening of range ability.The present invention is owing to introducing the rear differential pressure information of the second restriction device, under high-quality void fraction operating mode (GMF〉60%), can realize the measurement range of gas phase 10:1; When inferior quality void fraction (20%＜GVF＜60%), can realize the measurement range of gas phase 5:1.
Claims (3)
1. double throttle three differential pressure moisture two-phase flow measurement systems, comprise interconnective first throttle device and the second restriction device, described first throttle device comprises the cone that is fixed in the measuring channel, and the larynx length of described cone and the ratio of internal diameter of the pipeline are between 0.3 ~ 1.5; Described the second restriction device is the venturi restriction device, and the larynx length of its throat and the ratio in its throat aperture are between 4 ~ 8, and the expansion angle of expansion segment is less than 7 °; Upstream and throat at the first throttle device arrange respectively pressure place, in the upstream of the second restriction device and throat and downstream pressure place is set respectively, the upstream of first throttle device and pressure place of throat are connected on the first differential pressure transmitter by external pressure guiding pipe, the upstream of the second restriction device and pressure place of throat are connected on the second differential pressure transmitter by external pressure guiding pipe, the throat of the second restriction device and downstream pressure place are connected on the 3rd differential pressure transmitter by external pressure guiding pipe, and pressure place of first throttle device upstream also is connected to a pressure unit by external pressure guiding pipe.
2. double throttle according to claim 1 three differential pressure moisture two-phase flow measurement systems, it is characterized in that, offer four inner pressure ports at each pressure place of measuring channel conplane tube wall vertical with axis, two at horizontal direction maximum gauge place, the vertical direction maximal value is directly located two, fix a ring casing structure in the periphery of four inner pressure ports, this ring casing is coaxial with the measuring channel body, be fixed on the measuring channel body pressure place outer wall, formation has the gas-liquid isolated chamber in certain capacity space, offer the impulse mouth that connects external pressure guiding pipe above the chamber vertical axis, four inner pressure ports of impulse mouth and tube wall are not at grade; Offer the sewage draining exit that connects external blow-off pipe below the chamber vertical axis, sewage draining exit and four inner pressure ports are not in one plane.
3. double throttle according to claim 1 three differential pressure moisture two-phase flow measurement systems is characterized in that, the distance between downstream pressure place of described the second restriction device and the outlet of expansion pipeline section is 5 ~ 9 times of measuring channel internal diameter.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN105324580A (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2016-02-10 | 株式会社Ihi | Flow volume measurement device for turbo compressor, and turbo compressor |
| CN106052775A (en) * | 2016-07-23 | 2016-10-26 | 天津大学 | Moisture liquid phase containing rate measurement device using dual-ratio method |
| CN111537137A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-08-14 | 天津中材工程研究中心有限公司 | Static pressure measurement method for dust-containing gas pipeline |
| CN113324696A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-08-31 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Back-flushing isolation device of nuclear reactor differential pressure and pressure transmitter and maintenance method |
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| CN113324696A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-08-31 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Back-flushing isolation device of nuclear reactor differential pressure and pressure transmitter and maintenance method |
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Effective date of registration: 20211124 Address after: No. 255, Wanglong Road, high tech Industrial Park, Xindu District, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041 Patentee after: Chengdu Houhe Precision Measurement Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 300192 Tianjin Nankai District Nankai District Bai Di Road, Xin Da Yuan 2 Building 2 402 Patentee before: TIANJIN TJ. UNI TAIHE AUTOMATION CONTROL & INSTRUMENT Co.,Ltd. |
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