CN102943291A - Surface treatment method for weldability and protectivity of aluminium alloy tube shell - Google Patents
Surface treatment method for weldability and protectivity of aluminium alloy tube shell Download PDFInfo
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- CN102943291A CN102943291A CN2012103967493A CN201210396749A CN102943291A CN 102943291 A CN102943291 A CN 102943291A CN 2012103967493 A CN2012103967493 A CN 2012103967493A CN 201210396749 A CN201210396749 A CN 201210396749A CN 102943291 A CN102943291 A CN 102943291A
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Abstract
The invention provides a surface treatment method for weldability and protectivity of an aluminium alloy tube shell, and aims to provide a surface treatment method which has good weldability and strong corrosion resistance and can keep high reliability in salt mist and other harsh environment. The surface treatment method is realized by the following technical solutions of firstly, performing chemical oxidation treatment on the whole aluminium alloy tube shell; then, protecting the positions with in no need of coating silver with electroplating protective glue, and removing a chemical oxidation film on the positions which needs to be coated with the silver in a NaOH-based alkali etching solution; and plating the silver according to a process flow of treatment before plating-twice zinc immersion-nickel preplating-silver electroplating-treatment after plating, wherein the thickness of the plating layer is as follows: the thickness of Ep.Ni is 5-7[mu]m; and the thickness of Ag is 7-9[mu]m. The method makes up the defects of poor weldability of the plating layer, poor binding force of the plating layer, easy corrosion of the tube shell, high cost and the like which are caused by a gold-plating method for the aluminium alloy tube shell of a millimeter wave circuit assembly, and can significantly increase the corrosion resistance and weldability of the aluminium alloy tube shell.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to that aluminium alloy shell welding region can weld and the surface treatment method of high integral protection, especially can weld about millimetre-wave circuit assembly aluminium alloy shell welding region and the surface treatment method of high integral protection.
Background technology
Millimeter wave enjoys favor with the characteristics of its wavelength weak point, bandwidth, quasi-optical property and accurate round-the-clock property, is widely used in the military and civilian fields such as High Accuracy Radar and navigationsystem, communication system, radiometer application system, medical diagnosis and therapeutic equipment.Millimeter wave mcm (MCM) is a kind of hybrid-intergated-circuit technique, for solving the encapsulation problem of mm wave RF assembly, radiofrequency signal need to be drawn the metallic shield shell.The millimetre-wave circuit assembly adopts the Can of structure, function integration more, its shell must satisfy millimetre-wave circuit in many-sided requirements such as electrical property, heat radiation, environmental compatibility, manufacturabilities, has very high technical requirements at aspects such as material selection, design, processing, protection.Millimetre-wave circuit assembly shell adopts the processing such as copper, aluminium, kovar alloy more.
Millimetre-wave circuit assembly shell will satisfy millimetre-wave circuit in many-sided requirements such as electrical property, heat radiation, environmental compatibility, manufacturabilities, must carry out plating by effects on surface.Millimetre-wave circuit assembly shell to coating layer require to have good weldability, with the good bonding force of matrix and higher protective.Because gold utensil has good conduction, heat conduction, anti-oxidant, anticorrosion properties, is widely used in millimetre-wave circuit shell coating surface.The millimeter wave component craft of gilding adopts the multilayer plating usually, carries out first the underlying metal bottoming, plates intermediate deposit again, carries out at last gold-plated.In the millimeter wave component shell, adopt metallic nickel as intermediate deposit more.
Aluminium has preferably thermal conductivity, and its quality is a kind of outstanding light material less than 1/3 of copper, is normally used for the shell that dispels the heat and weight all has higher requirements.
At present millimetre-wave circuit assembly aluminium alloy shell plating is continued to use the craft of gilding that the copper alloy shell adopts, the defective such as have in use that plating weldability is poor, binding force of cladding material is poor and shell is perishable.For satisfying the weldability requirement, its standard-required is that nickel layer 7 μ m～10 μ m are thick, and Gold plated Layer 0.3 μ m～0.5 μ m is thick.It then is the poor cathodic coating system of protective that but the system of this alloy matrix aluminum+coating is learned on the mechanism in corrosion.Aluminium, copper, nickel, the standard potential of gold is respectively-1.67V ,+0.34V ,-0.25V ,+1.50V, with respect to alloy matrix aluminum, copper, nickel and gold are cathodic electrodeposition coating, and potential difference is enough large, and the galvanic corrosion tendency is obviously.And be that the nickel plating Gold plated Layer that satisfies this class thickness that weldability requires is porous, surpassing under the 70%RH environment in relative humidity, galvanic corrosion will occur because electrolytic solution exists in this system, and alloy matrix aluminum is corroded, and coating generation foaming, comes off.The gold-plated coating of this class aluminum alloy nickel plated usually is limited and can not uses on I class surface, I type surface refers to be exposed to the surface of physical environment when equipment is in work or travel condition, although or be not exposed to physical environment, can be subject to the direct acting surface of various climatic factors.Can only select nickel such as regulation aluminum alloy surface coating among the American army mark MIL-F-14072 (ER) " finish of army specifications ground-based electronic equipment ", and explicitly call for: " for I class exposed surface, Ni plating on Al alloy or copper facing/nickel are a kind of insecure ways.Any space in the coating all may cause heavy corrosion.Therefore, using this coating is to consider carefully, just avoids whenever possible adopting ".For the surface treatment of aluminium alloy shell, for a long time, the gold-plated processing of all adopting both at home and abroad, because the existence of coating galvanic corrosion, all can not be by the examination of 48h salt-fog test.
The mass defects such as in recent years, because the employing of light aluminum alloy material, the aluminium alloy craft of gilding just begins to rise, but technique is unstable, and the relatively poor and compactness of electroplating of aluminium alloy Gold plated Layer sticking power is relatively poor happen occasionally.The quality and reliability of substrate and shell welding is just becoming the principal element that determines the millimeter wave component quality.The welded metal level of shell and the consistency of scolder are important factors that directly affects welding quality.The Sn-Pb alloy is to use the most general welding flux alloy in little assembling, often uses the Sn-Pb scolder to substrate and shell welding.But when adopting Sn-Pb scolder welding gold layer, because Au fast dissolving in the Sn-Pb scolder Au can occur to the diffusion corrosion phenomenon of scolder, and form the intermetallic compound of fragility with scolder, cause the solder joint embrittlement, be commonly called as " gold is crisp ", directly affect welding quality.In March, 1991, European Space Agency emphasizes in " the high reliability welding of surface mounting and hybrid technique printed circuit board (PCB) ": " never allow to remove to weld Au with the Sn-Pb alloy.If there are Gold plated Layer or oil gidling layer in the surface of ceramic substrate or device, then can take the mechanical grinding of certain form, in order to guarantee better to go gold or welding property ".
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to adopt gold-plated for present millimetre-wave circuit assembly aluminium alloy shell, the problem of the defective such as plating weldability is poor, the not enough difference of binding force of cladding material and shell are perishable, a kind of good weldability that has is provided, resistance to corrosion is strong, can still can keep the surface treatment method of high reliability under salt fog and other severe environment.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, provided by the invention a kind of about aluminium alloy shell weldability and protective surface treatment method, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
At first aluminium alloy shell integral body is carried out chemical oxidation treatment; Need not carry out silver-plated position with electroplating the protection of protection glue again, then in NaOH base alkali etching solution, take off the chemical oxide film that needs silver-plated position; Soak zinc by plating pre-treatment → twice again or soak zinc alloy → pre-copper facing or chemical nickel plating → electrosilvering → plating aftertreatment technology flow process for twice, carry out thickness of coating and be: EpNi5～7 μ m, the parcel plating of Ag7～9 μ m is silver-colored; Removal is electroplated protection glue and is cleaned up, and packs after the oven dry.
The present invention has following beneficial effect than prior art:
The present invention adopts local plating and chemical oxidation to combine millimetre-wave circuit assembly aluminium alloy shell is carried out protective treatment, use the protective of aluminum alloy chemically oxide film and the weldability of silvering, improved millimetre-wave circuit assembly resistance to corrosion and reliable long-term working, guaranteed that millimetre-wave circuit assembly aluminium alloy shell still can keep high reliability under salt-fog test and other severe environment.Adopt this silver-plated in the need weld, the method of chemical oxidation treatment is adopted at all the other positions, avoided the aluminium alloy craft of gilding unstable, the generation of the relatively poor and compactness of electroplating poor quality defective of Gold plated Layer sticking power, having solved the welded metal level of aluminium alloy shell and scolder consistency and nickel plating Gold plated Layer is porousness, galvanic corrosion easily occurs, the alloy matrix aluminum corrosion, coating produces the problem of bubbling, coming off.The present invention has passed through the examination of 168h salt-fog test, and the salt-fog test examination has surpassed gold-plated processing more than 3 times, and the weld employing is silver-plated, has more good weldability and the reliability of solder joint, and binding force of cladding material is higher, shell is whole has than permanent protective property.
Because silver-plated position welds, environmental factors can direct effect matrix and silvered film, and matrix and silvered film have very high barrier propterty.Because aluminum alloy chemically oxidation and silver-plated common process as electron trade, development is very fast, and technique is ripe, and the plating quality is higher, also quite stable.
Lower cost.Because materials cost variance is huge, the cost of chemical oxidation and silver-plated processing is significantly less than gold-plated cost, only is equivalent to 1/3 to 1/4 of gold-plated cost.
Shell weight saving.Because the quality of aluminium alloy shell of the same race only is 1/3 of copper alloy shell of the same race, its application can greatly reduce the weight of millimetre-wave circuit assembly, realizes the lightweight of assembly.
Utilize the present invention can significantly improve resistance to corrosion and the weldability of aluminium alloy shell, the broadened application scope solves a puzzlement aluminium alloy broadened application protection difficult problem.The present invention has remedied that the plating weldability that millimetre-wave circuit assembly aluminium alloy shell adopted gold plating method to cause originally is poor, binding force of cladding material is poor, shell is perishable and the high in cost of production defective, can improve significantly resistance to corrosion and the weldability of aluminium alloy shell, need not the gold plated copper shell that adopts the heavier cost of weight higher.
Description of drawings
In order more clearly to understand the present invention, now will simultaneously with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention be described by the embodiment of the invention, wherein:
Fig. 1 has shown that the present invention can weld and a kind of design example of surface-treated of high integral protection at millimetre-wave circuit assembly aluminium alloy shell welding region.
Fig. 2 has shown the technical process of surfacecti proteon treatment process of the present invention.
Embodiment
Consult Fig. 1.According to the present invention, according to the weldability requirement, at millimetre-wave circuit assembly aluminium alloy shell welding region, adopt oblique line to fill the surface treatment region that silver-plated scope is shown.In schema, silver-plated position illustrates EpNi5～7 with the oblique line filled band, Ag7～9(electronickelling 5～7 μ m silver 7～9 μ m), rest part chemical oxidation Ct.cd.O.Aluminium alloy can be the Al-Mg line aluminium alloy, also can be the Al-Mg-Si line aluminium alloy.
Fig. 2 shows: for realizing millimetre-wave circuit assembly aluminium alloy shell weldability of the present invention and protective treatment process; technical scheme may further comprise the steps: at first the aluminium alloy shell is carried out chemical oxidation treatment; then protect the position that need not carry out plating with electroplating protection glue; take off again the chemical oxide film that needs the plating position; carry out again silver-plated processing of first nickel plating, at last removal is electroplated protection glue and is cleaned up.Key step comprises:
A) by prior art oxidized aluminum alloy maturation process, aluminium alloy shell integral body is carried out chemical oxidation treatment, usually can finish by electrochemical deoiling → alkali etch → neutralization and bright dipping → chemical oxidation → technical process such as drying; Chemical oxidation method can be that chromic salt is processed, and also can be that the phosphorus chromic salt is processed.
B) after aluminium alloy shell overall chemical oxide treatment is finished, need not carry out silver-plated position (non-welding region) with electroplating the protection of protection glue, generally need to be coated with and electroplate protection glue three times and carry out drying.
C) in NaOH base alkali etching solution, take off the chemical oxide film that needs silver-plated position.
D) routinely silver plating process flow process is processed protecting position (welding region) to carry out local silver-plating; thickness of coating is: EpNi5～7Ag7～9(electronickelling 5～7 μ m silver 7～9 μ m), technical process is for mainly comprising: pre-treatment → surface modification conversion processing: soak zinc twice or soak zinc alloy → pre-copper facing or chemical nickel plating → electrosilvering → aftertreatment for twice.
D) removal is electroplated protection glue and is cleaned up.Remove to electroplate protection glue and clean up with dedicated solvent; Pack with neutral kraft paper, condenser paper or PE plastics bag after doing.
Claims (5)
1. an aluminium alloy shell weldability and protective surface treatment method is characterized in that comprising the steps:
At first aluminium alloy shell integral body is carried out chemical oxidation treatment; Need not carry out silver-plated position with electroplating the protection of protection glue again, then in NaOH base alkali etching solution, take off the chemical oxide film that needs silver-plated position; Soak zinc by plating pre-treatment → twice again or soak zinc alloy → pre-copper facing or chemical nickel plating → electrosilvering → plating aftertreatment technology flow process for twice, carry out thickness of coating and be: EpNi5～7 μ m, Ag7～9 μ m's is silver-plated; Removal is electroplated protection glue and is cleaned up, and packs after the oven dry.
2. aluminium alloy shell weldability according to claim 1 and protective surface treatment method is characterized in that, the local plating solderable coating in the need weld, and chemical oxidation treatment is adopted at all the other positions.
3. aluminium alloy shell weldability according to claim 1 and protective surface treatment method is characterized in that, described aluminium alloy is Al-Mg line aluminium alloy or Al-Mg-Si line aluminium alloy.
4. aluminium alloy shell weldability according to claim 1 and protective surface treatment method is characterized in that, solderable coating is EpNi5～7 μ m, Ag7～9 μ m.
5. aluminium alloy shell weldability according to claim 1 and protective surface treatment method is characterized in that, described chemical oxidation method is that chromic salt is processed or the phosphorus chromic salt is processed.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103898560A (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2014-07-02 | 无锡市锡山区鹅湖镇荡口青荡金属制品厂 | Electroplating process for chrome plating on surface of magnesium alloy pressure casting |
| CN103981548A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-08-13 | 西安西光表面精饰有限公司 | Silver plating process |
| CN104022421A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-09-03 | 湘潭电机股份有限公司 | Argon arc welding method of silver-plated aluminum lug plate |
| CN104125699A (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2014-10-29 | 北大方正集团有限公司 | Printed circuit board and manufacturing method |
| CN104233296A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2014-12-24 | 镇江江城金属制品有限公司 | Method for silvering aluminum and aluminum alloy |
| CN106350840A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-01-25 | 北京曙光航空电气有限责任公司 | Surface protection method for large length-diameter ratio hollow shaft part inner wall |
| CN107419267A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-12-01 | 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 | Terminal enclosure, electronic equipment and terminal enclosure processing technology |
| CN107699887A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-02-16 | 国营芜湖机械厂 | A kind of phosphorization membrane part room temperature restorative procedure of high strength steel workpiece |
| CN110344092A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-10-18 | 四川九洲电器集团有限责任公司 | The preparation method of topochemistry oxidation and parcel-gilt aluminium alloy cavity |
| CN112177563A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2021-01-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Well completion method |
| CN112593265A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-04-02 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十三研究所 | Local electroplating method |
| WO2021109788A1 (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-06-10 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method for surface metalization of ceramic dielectric filter, and product and use thereof |
| CN113957420A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-01-21 | 长沙瑞联材料科技有限公司 | Heat-conducting aluminum alloy sheet material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN114481128A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2022-05-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for preparing acid-resistant metal coating on surface of aluminum alloy, acid-resistant metal coating prepared by method and application of acid-resistant metal coating |
| CN115570133A (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2023-01-06 | 陈瑞春 | Preparation method of silver-coated aluminum powder for electromagnetic shielding material conductive rubber |
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Cited By (18)
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| CN104125699A (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2014-10-29 | 北大方正集团有限公司 | Printed circuit board and manufacturing method |
| CN103898560A (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2014-07-02 | 无锡市锡山区鹅湖镇荡口青荡金属制品厂 | Electroplating process for chrome plating on surface of magnesium alloy pressure casting |
| CN103898560B (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2016-12-28 | 顾玉奎 | A kind of at the chrome faced electroplating technology of magnesium alloy die casting |
| CN104233296A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2014-12-24 | 镇江江城金属制品有限公司 | Method for silvering aluminum and aluminum alloy |
| CN103981548A (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2014-08-13 | 西安西光表面精饰有限公司 | Silver plating process |
| CN104022421A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-09-03 | 湘潭电机股份有限公司 | Argon arc welding method of silver-plated aluminum lug plate |
| CN104022421B (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2016-03-23 | 湘潭电机股份有限公司 | Argon arc welding welding method after a kind of al wiring sheet is silver-plated |
| CN106350840A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-01-25 | 北京曙光航空电气有限责任公司 | Surface protection method for large length-diameter ratio hollow shaft part inner wall |
| CN107419267A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-12-01 | 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 | Terminal enclosure, electronic equipment and terminal enclosure processing technology |
| CN107699887A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-02-16 | 国营芜湖机械厂 | A kind of phosphorization membrane part room temperature restorative procedure of high strength steel workpiece |
| CN112177563A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2021-01-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Well completion method |
| CN110344092A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-10-18 | 四川九洲电器集团有限责任公司 | The preparation method of topochemistry oxidation and parcel-gilt aluminium alloy cavity |
| WO2021109788A1 (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-06-10 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method for surface metalization of ceramic dielectric filter, and product and use thereof |
| CN114481128A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2022-05-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for preparing acid-resistant metal coating on surface of aluminum alloy, acid-resistant metal coating prepared by method and application of acid-resistant metal coating |
| CN112593265A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-04-02 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十三研究所 | Local electroplating method |
| CN113957420A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-01-21 | 长沙瑞联材料科技有限公司 | Heat-conducting aluminum alloy sheet material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114406391A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-04-29 | 盐城维信电子有限公司 | Welding method for aluminum-based flexible circuit board and component |
| CN115570133A (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2023-01-06 | 陈瑞春 | Preparation method of silver-coated aluminum powder for electromagnetic shielding material conductive rubber |
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Application publication date: 20130227 |