CN102941929A - Microgravity experiment system and experiment method for verifying fluid transmission performance of plate type storage box - Google Patents

Abstract

The microgravity test system and test method for the verification of the fluid transmission performance of the plate tank, including the liquid-filled tank model, the liquid-filled tank model, the self-locking valve, the self-locking valve controller, the image acquisition device, the air release valve, and the nitrogen cylinder , gas filling valve, gas circuit console, liquid filling valve, simulated liquid tank and pipeline tee and other components constitute the microgravity test system for the verification of the fluid transmission performance of the plate tank, and the drop tower double-chamber test module is used for measurement and verification The fluid transmission behavior in the plate storage tank is used to control the fluid transmission time. The ground filling and control module fills the liquid-filled tank model with nitrogen and propellant simulation liquid before the drop tower test. After the test starts, the ground filling and control module The control module is disconnected from the drop tower double cabin test module. The test system and method have the advantages of compact structure, strong coordination and matching between self-locking valve automatic control and microgravity time, small space occupation, good loop sealing, easy model replacement, and convenient camera observation.

Description

Microgravity test system and test method for fluid transmission performance verification of plate tanks

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of test and verification of fluid transmission performance of plate storage tanks under microgravity conditions, and can be popularized and applied to microgravity drop tower tests of various scaled models of plate storage tanks.

Background technique

During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, the design of the 28L plate-type surface tension storage tank for spacecraft on-orbit filling was completed, the prototype model was made, and the ground demonstration test of the propellant on-orbit filling process was carried out. This demonstration test can only verify the local performance of the plate surface tension tank, and cannot truly reflect its ability to manage, control and transmit fluids using surface tension in a space environment. Therefore, a large number of microgravity tests must be carried out to conduct an in-depth study of the fluid transport performance of the plate surface tension tank.

For the microgravity test environment, it can be provided by methods such as drop tower, aircraft parabolic flight, space loading, etc. Among them, the aircraft parabolic flight cannot provide a high level of microgravity, and only some experimental studies that do not require high microgravity conditions can be carried out; space Mounting is the best way to conduct microgravity tests, but it is expensive and there are few opportunities; the drop tower test can provide a higher level of microgravity, and the test cost is lower. Using a scaled model can make up for the short duration of the microgravity test. Defects have become the most important research method. Therefore, since June 2011, the scaled design of the 28L plate surface tension tank has been carried out, and the microgravity test research on the fluid transmission process in the scaled model of the tank has been carried out by using the drop tower test method.

In order to realize the fluid transmission in the plate surface tension storage tank model, a fluid transmission test system consisting of a scale test model, an image acquisition device, a self-locking valve, a nitrogen cylinder, a gas control console and a test pipeline was built. The overall scheme and functions of the test system are clarified, and a simple, reliable and feasible microgravity test method suitable for the verification of the fluid transmission performance of the plate tank is summarized. Using this test method, the fluid transmission characteristics and liquid level repositioning process tests of the 28L plate surface tension tank scale model were completed, and the fluid management and transmission capabilities of the plate tank in the microgravity environment were verified.

Since the 1970s, foreign countries have begun to study the fluid transmission performance of plate structures in microgravity environments. They have invested huge manpower and material resources, and conducted a large number of related microgravity tests. Using drop tower tests, aircraft parabolic flight tests, Numerous research results have been obtained by means of space carrying test and other means. In 1987, T.P.Yeh of Ford Aerospace in the United States studied the performance of the combined plate structure, and studied its comprehensive performance on fluid management through microgravity drop tower tests, including verifying the climbing ability of plate components under microgravity. And the ability of plate components to suppress liquid sloshing during the repositioning process of the liquid. The test was carried out on the drop tower of Santa Clara University. The article is "M.K.Reagan, W.J.Bowman. Analytical and experimental modeling of zero/low gravity fluid behavior.AIAA87-1865" ; M.K.Reagan and W.J.Bowman of Wright Aviation Development Center studied the flow transmission mechanism of grooved plate components in microgravity environment in 1994, and obtained the three-dimensional distribution of fluid in the groove at different times through the drop tower test. The article is "M.K.Reagan, W.J.Bowman.Transient studies of G-induced capillary flow.Journal of Thermophysics and HeatTransfer.v13n4 1999"; Yon Ranang Chen and Steven H.Collicott of Purdue University in 2004 on the surface tension between the walls of cylindrical vessels The driving flow was studied by the drop tower test, and the influence of geometric parameters, contact angle, fluid viscosity, roughness, plate thickness and plate inclination angle on the driving speed was obtained, and the distribution law of the interface contour line in time and space was obtained. In-depth research has been carried out, the article is "Chen, Y, Weislogel M.M, Nardin C.L. Capillary-driven flows along rounded interior comers. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol.566, 2006, p235-271"; foreign countries have carried out research on the development of plate management devices Multiple space loading tests, typical of which are the FARE2 project, the VTRE project and a series of fluid transmission performance test projects conducted by NASA on the International Space Station in a microgravity environment. The articles are respectively "S.Dominick, J.Tegart.Orbital Test Results of a Vaned Liquid Acquisition Device.AIAA94-3027", "David J, Timothy A. Vented Tank Resupply Experiment-Flight Test Results.AIAA97-281 5", "Mark M. Weislogel, Steven H. Collicott, et al. The Capillary Flow Experiments: Handheld Fluids Experiments for International Space Station. AIAA2004-1148".

Since the development of plate management devices such as plate storage tanks and related test verification technologies involve national security, countries that have mastered this technology often impose technical blockades. The information that can be provided by foreign countries is not comprehensive and can only serve as a reference. The relevant articles mentioned detailed test system design and test verification methods. For the mechanism research of plate storage tanks, it is necessary to build a test system by oneself, carry out a large number of microgravity tests, summarize the microgravity test verification methods, and obtain sufficient first results. It is impossible to obtain these basic materials from foreign literature.

To sum up, the test system and test method for the fluid transmission performance of the plate surface tension tank are the results of exploration and summary during the course of the "Spacecraft On-orbit Refueling Technology Research". The whole system and test method are brand new, domestic There are no relevant literature and materials to refer to, and foreign countries rarely disclose similar test systems and test methods. In order to verify the fluid transmission performance of the tank, combined with the practice and experience in the production process, the test system and test method for the fluid transmission performance of the plate surface tension tank were proposed for the first time.

Contents of the invention

The technical solution of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a fluid transmission performance test system and test method for a plate surface tension tank, which can effectively verify the fluid management and transmission capabilities of the plate tank in a microgravity environment.

The technical solution of the present invention is: a microgravity test system for verifying the fluid transmission performance of a plate tank, including two parts: a ground filling and control module and a drop tower double-chamber test module;

The ground filling and control module fills the drop tower double-cabin test module with nitrogen and fills the propellant simulation liquid before the drop tower test; the ground filling and control module includes a nitrogen bottle (7), an air filling valve (8) , gas circuit console (9), filling valve (10) and simulated liquid tank (11); the nitrogen cylinder (7) is connected sequentially through the gas filling valve (8) and gas circuit console (9); the simulated liquid tank ( 11) is connected with the liquid filling valve (10); the simulated liquid tank (11) is filled with propellant simulated liquid; the gas filling valve (8) is used to control the opening and closing of the nitrogen gas source, and the gas circuit console (9) is used to adjust The amount of nitrogen gas injected into the liquid-filled storage tank model (1) is used to limit the amount of propellant simulated liquid injected into the liquid-filled storage tank model (1) by adjusting the opening of the filling valve (10);

The drop tower double-chamber test module is used to measure and verify the fluid transmission behavior in the liquid-filled storage tank model (2), and control the fluid transmission time; the drop tower double-chamber test module includes the liquid-filled storage tank model (1), Liquid-filled storage tank model (2), self-locking valve (3), self-locking valve controller (4), image acquisition device (5), air release valve (6) and pipeline tee (12); air release The valve (6) is connected to the gas port ③ of the liquid-filled storage tank model (2); the two ends of the self-locking valve (3) are respectively connected to the liquid port ④ of the liquid-filled storage tank model (2) and the pipeline tee (12 ) is connected to the second port ⑥ to control the amount of liquid transfer in the pipeline; the third port ⑦ of the pipeline tee (12) is connected to the liquid port ② of the liquid-filled storage tank model (1); the self-locking valve The controller (4) is connected with the self-locking valve (3), and the automatic switching time of the self-locking valve (3) is adjusted by setting the self-locking valve controller (4); the image acquisition device (5) is located in the model of the filled liquid storage tank ( 2) 5 to 10 cm directly in front.

Microgravity test method for verification of fluid transmission performance of plate tanks, including the following steps:

A. the microgravity test system of plate tank fluid transmission performance verification is connected respectively according to the mode described in claim 1, then the first port ⑤ of filling valve (10) and pipeline tee (12) is connected;

b. Open the air release valve (6), and open the self-locking valve (3) through the self-locking valve controller (4);

c. Add propellant simulating liquid to the liquid-filled tank model (1) and the liquid-filled tank model (2) respectively to 10% of the filling volume, disconnect the filling valve (10) and the pipeline tee (12) The first port ⑤ of the pipeline tee (12) is sealed to the first port ⑤;

d. The self-locking valve (3) is closed by the self-locking valve controller (4);

e. Connect the gas circuit console (9) to the gas port ① of the liquid-filled storage tank model (1), add nitrogen to the liquid-filled storage tank model (1) through the nitrogen cylinder (7), and adjust the gas circuit console (9) Pressure valve, pressurized to 0.01 ~ 0.05Mpa;

f. Disconnect the gas circuit console (9) from the gas port ① of the liquid-filled storage tank model (1), and seal the gas port ① of the liquid-filled storage tank model (1);

g. Adjust the image acquisition device (5), and confirm that the lighting, camera and data acquisition are working normally;

h. When the microgravity time reaches 1-1.2s, open the self-locking valve (3) through the self-locking valve controller (4);

i. After the microgravity time reaches 2.8-3s, close the self-locking valve (3) through the self-locking valve controller (4);

j. After the microgravity time reaches 0.5-0.7s, the microgravity test ends.

The time for the self-locking valve controller (4) to open and close the self-locking valve (3) in the steps h and i must match the total microgravity time of the drop tower, so as to simulate the fluid transmission situation in a complete microgravity environment, Ensure that the storage tank is under complete microgravity conditions after step h, that is, after the liquid level in the liquid-filled storage tank is basically stable, the fluid transmission performance test is started, and the self-locking valve (3) is closed at a certain period before the end of the microgravity, so as to realize The liquid in the tank model goes through three stages of complete weightlessness, microgravity transmission, and microgravity relocation, which is convenient for recording the fluid transmission characteristics and liquid relocation process in different stages, and can also prevent the liquid from being filled into the tank after the test Backflow to the liquid-filled tank so as to affect the extrusion efficiency performance parameter calculation of the liquid-containing tank.

The beneficial effect of the present invention compared with prior art is:

(1) The present invention rationally designs and builds a model test system according to the research requirements of the microgravity drop tower test. The test system has the advantages of compact structure, small space occupation, good circuit sealing, easy model replacement, and convenient camera observation. The fluid management capabilities and fluid transport characteristics of all plate surface tension tank models can be obtained and the performance of the tanks can be verified.

(2) The present invention adopts the automatic control of the self-locking valve, which has strong coordination and matching with the microgravity time, realizes the coordination between the self-locking valve switch control and the microgravity process, and can realize the timely disconnection of the ground filling and control system and the double-chamber system of the drop tower It can also prevent the liquid in the liquid-filled injection tank from flowing back into the liquid-filled storage tank after the test is over, and can ensure the safe and reliable conduct of the fluid transmission performance test of the plate surface tension storage tank model.

(3) the test method that the present invention adopts is reasonable, feasible, operability is strong, can be popularized and applied to the microgravity drop tower test of various plate tanks, also applicable to the propellant on-orbit filling technology verification of future space stations or satellites, It can test and verify the feasibility of the propellant filling of the plate surface tension tank under the microgravity environment, and the ultimate performance of the plate tank, so as to promote the development of on-orbit filling technology.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural principle diagram of test system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the test method of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Fig. 1 illustrates the structural principle of the microgravity test system for verifying the fluid transmission performance of the plate tank of the present invention. The system of the present invention includes a liquid-filled storage tank model 1, a liquid-filled storage tank model 2, a self-locking valve 3, a self-locking valve controller 4, an image acquisition device 5, an air release valve 6, a nitrogen bottle 7, an air filling valve 8, Gas circuit console 9, filling valve 10, simulated liquid tank 11, and pipeline tee 12. The specific connection method of the system is as follows: use the high-pressure gas pipeline to connect the nitrogen cylinder 7, the gas filling valve 8, the gas circuit console 9 and the gas port ① of the liquid-filled storage tank model 1 in sequence, and the gas filling valve 8 is in the closed state; use PVC liquid pipes The road connects the simulated liquid tank 11, the liquid filling valve 10 and the liquid-filled storage tank model 1 in sequence, and the liquid filling valve 10 is in a closed state; the self-locking valve 3 is placed between the liquid-filled storage tank model 1 and the liquid-filled storage tank model 2 In between, the PVC liquid pipeline is used to connect, and the self-locking valve controller 4 is connected to the self-locking valve 3 at the same time, and its electrical signal is controlled by a computer program; the air release valve 8 is connected to the gas port ③ of the liquid-filled storage tank model 2; The acquisition device 5 is fixed directly in front of the liquid-filled tank model 2 at a distance that is convenient for focusing and photographing fluid transmission. The test uses absolute ethanol as the propellant simulation fluid and nitrogen as the compressed gas, which can realize the functions of propellant simulation fluid filling, discharge and storage, and can carry out the fluid behavior in the plate storage tank, the liquid repositioning process and the storage tank. Experimental verification of flow characteristics during inter-fluid transport.

Before the start of the test, fill the liquid-filled storage tank model 1 with nitrogen gas and fill the propellant simulation liquid through the ground filling and control module. After the test starts, disconnect the ground filling and control module from the drop tower double-chamber test module; During the test, the drop tower double-chamber test module is used to measure and verify the fluid transmission behavior in the plate tank and control the fluid transmission time.

In order to be able to simulate fluid transmission in a complete microgravity environment, a reasonable microgravity time must be set so that the storage tank is under complete microgravity conditions, that is, after the liquid level in the liquid-filled storage tank is basically stable, the fluid transmission performance test begins . Since the total microgravity test time that the 100-meter microgravity drop tower can provide is 3.5s, after several tests, it has been determined that the opening and closing times of the self-locking valve are 1-1.2s and 2.8-3s, respectively, that is, the microgravity time is reached. At 1-1.2s, the self-locking valve 3 is opened through the pre-established program command, and the filling in the microgravity environment is started. After the microgravity time reaches 2.8-3s, the self-locking valve 3 is closed through the pre-established program command. , the fluid transmission process ends, and then enters the liquid surface microgravity repositioning process.

Fig. 2 has illustrated the realization process of the test method of the present invention, and concrete steps are as follows: before the test begins, should be ready to fill liquid storage tank model 1, be filled liquid storage tank model 2, self-locking valve 3, self-locking valve controller 4, Image acquisition device 5, deflation valve 6, nitrogen cylinder 7, gas filling valve 8, gas circuit console 9, liquid filling valve 10, simulated liquid tank 11, pipeline tee 12 and other test equipment, respectively adopt high-pressure gas pipeline and The PVC liquid pipeline connects the gas path and the liquid path. The specific connection method is as mentioned above. The ground filling and control module and the drop tower double-chamber test module are completed; the self-locking valve 3 is opened through the self-locking valve controller 4, At the same time, open the vent valve 6 on one side of the liquid-filled storage tank model 2, disconnect the gas port connection pipeline of the filling storage tank model; add liquid to the liquid-filled storage tank model and the liquid-filled storage tank model 2 to 10% respectively The filling volume of the liquid filling pipeline is disconnected, and the liquid port ② of the liquid filled storage tank model 1 is sealed; the self-locking valve is closed by the self-locking valve controller, and the liquid port ② of the liquid filled storage tank model is disconnected; Add nitrogen gas to the liquid-filled tank model 1 in the gas filling pipeline, adjust the pressure gauge value of the gas circuit console 9, and pressurize to 0.01-0.05Mpa. When pressurizing, first slowly open the minimum pressure control valve and slowly adjust to the desired value Pressure is required; seal the gas port ① of the liquid-filled tank model 1, so that the drop tower double-chamber system is in a closed loop state; adjust the position of the image acquisition device 5, adjust the focal length 4, and confirm that the lighting, camera and data acquisition are working normally; release the drop tower For the double-chamber test system, start to record the microgravity time; when the microgravity time reaches the range of 1-1.2s, open the self-locking valve 3 through the self-locking valve controller 4, and start filling in the microgravity environment; the microgravity time reaches 2.8 In the range of ~3s, the self-locking valve 3 is closed through a pre-established program command; after about 0.5s ~ 0.7s, the microgravity test ends.

Parts not described in detail in the present invention belong to the common knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims (3)

1. The microgravity test system for verifying the fluid transmission performance of plate storage tanks is characterized in that it includes two parts: a ground filling and control module and a drop tower double-chamber test module; The ground filling and control module fills the drop tower double-cabin test module with nitrogen and fills the propellant simulation liquid before the drop tower test; the ground filling and control module includes a nitrogen bottle (7), an air filling valve (8) , gas circuit console (9), filling valve (10) and simulated liquid tank (11); the nitrogen cylinder (7) is connected sequentially through the gas filling valve (8) and gas circuit console (9); the simulated liquid tank ( 11) is connected with the liquid filling valve (10); the simulated liquid tank (11) is filled with propellant simulated liquid; the gas filling valve (8) is used to control the opening and closing of the nitrogen gas source, and the gas circuit console (9) is used to adjust The amount of nitrogen gas injected into the liquid-filled storage tank model (1) is used to limit the amount of propellant simulated liquid injected into the liquid-filled storage tank model (1) by adjusting the opening of the filling valve (10); The drop tower double-chamber test module is used to measure and verify the fluid transmission behavior in the liquid-filled storage tank model (2), and control the fluid transmission time; the drop tower double-chamber test module includes the liquid-filled storage tank model (1), Liquid-filled storage tank model (2), self-locking valve (3), self-locking valve controller (4), image acquisition device (5), air release valve (6) and pipeline tee (12); air release The valve (6) is connected to the gas port ③ of the liquid-filled storage tank model (2); the two ends of the self-locking valve (3) are respectively connected to the liquid port ④ of the liquid-filled storage tank model (2) and the pipeline tee (12 ) is connected to the second port ⑥ to control the amount of liquid transfer in the pipeline; the third port ⑦ of the pipeline tee (12) is connected to the liquid port ② of the liquid-filled storage tank model (1); the self-locking valve The controller (4) is connected with the self-locking valve (3), and the automatic switching time of the self-locking valve (3) is adjusted by setting the self-locking valve controller (4); the image acquisition device (5) is located in the model of the filled liquid storage tank ( 2) 5 to 10 cm directly in front. 2. The microgravity test method for the verification of the fluid transmission performance of the plate tank, which is characterized in that it comprises the following steps: A. the microgravity test system of plate tank fluid transmission performance verification is connected respectively according to the mode described in claim 1, then the first port ⑤ of filling valve (10) and pipeline tee (12) is connected; b. Open the air release valve (6), and open the self-locking valve (3) through the self-locking valve controller (4); c. Add propellant simulating liquid to the liquid-filled tank model (1) and the liquid-filled tank model (2) respectively to 10% of the filling volume, disconnect the filling valve (10) and the pipeline tee (12) The first port ⑤ of the pipeline tee (12) is sealed with the first port ⑤; d. The self-locking valve (3) is closed by the self-locking valve controller (4); e. Connect the gas circuit console (9) to the gas port ① of the liquid-filled storage tank model (1), add nitrogen to the liquid-filled storage tank model (1) through the nitrogen cylinder (7), and adjust the gas circuit console (9) Pressure valve, pressurized to 0.01 ~ 0.05Mpa; f. Disconnect the gas circuit console (9) from the gas port ① of the liquid-filled storage tank model (1), and seal the gas port ① of the liquid-filled storage tank model (1); g. Adjust the image acquisition device (5), and confirm that the lighting, camera and data acquisition are working normally; h. When the microgravity time reaches 1-1.2s, open the self-locking valve (3) through the self-locking valve controller (4); i. After the microgravity time reaches 2.8-3s, close the self-locking valve (3) through the self-locking valve controller (4); j. After the microgravity time reaches 0.5-0.7s, the microgravity test ends. 3. the microgravity test method of plate tank fluid transmission performance verification according to claim 2, is characterized in that: self-locking valve controller (4) opens self-locking valve (3) in described step h and i The closing time must match the total microgravity time of the drop tower, so as to simulate the fluid transmission in a complete microgravity environment, and ensure that the storage tank is under complete microgravity conditions after step h, that is, the liquid level in the liquid-filled storage tank is basically stable After that, the fluid transmission performance test is started, and the self-locking valve (3) is closed at a certain period of time before the end of microgravity, so that the liquid in the tank model can experience three stages: complete weightlessness, microgravity transmission, and microgravity repositioning. It is convenient to record the fluid transmission characteristics and liquid relocation process at different stages, and it can also prevent the liquid in the liquid-filled tank from flowing back to the liquid-filled storage tank after the test, so as to affect the calculation of the extrusion efficiency performance parameters of the liquid-containing storage tank.

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