CN102941448A - Aluminum alloy highly-locking nut machining process - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy highly-locking nut machining process Download PDFInfo
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- CN102941448A CN102941448A CN2012104782174A CN201210478217A CN102941448A CN 102941448 A CN102941448 A CN 102941448A CN 2012104782174 A CN2012104782174 A CN 2012104782174A CN 201210478217 A CN201210478217 A CN 201210478217A CN 102941448 A CN102941448 A CN 102941448A
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Abstract
The invention relates to aluminum alloy highly-locking nut machining process. An aluminum alloy highly-locking nut is machined according to rough machining, artificial aging, finish machining (including tapping of inner threads), surface treatment, closing up and detecting. By arranging the artificial aging early, the hardness, strength and structure evenness of semi-finished products and finished products are guaranteed in the whole machining process. By arranging the surface treatment and the closing up reversely, threads at a closing-up portion can not be damaged during surface treatment, machining process procedures for the aluminum alloy highly-locking nut are reduced, machining time is saved, and machining efficiency is improved. Various mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy highly-locking nut are effectively controlled, distribution of damage tension of the aluminum alloy highly-locking nut during detection is uniform, attenuation speed of locking moment and releasing moment is retarded, and the problem in the prior art of being low in machining efficiency and high in rejection rate of the aluminum alloy highly-locking nut is solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Machining Technology field, relate in particular to a kind of aluminium alloy Closely locking nut processing technology.
Background technology
The characteristics such as the aluminium alloy Closely locking nut is owing to possess good locking property, and is easy for installation, lightweight are widely applied at civilian and military aircraft.Its relevant criterion has clear and definite requirement to the shape of aluminium alloy Closely locking nut, structure, size, mechanical performance etc.Because every aluminium alloy Closely locking nut all requires to satisfy simultaneously following five mechanical performances: locking torque, the moment that gets loose, twist into two parts moment, pretightning force and destruction pulling force, and every mechanical performance index all requires to reach the force and moment value range of standard code.The aluminium alloy Closely locking nut of installing aboard shows through flight test: if locking torque and the moment that gets loose do not reach the moment values requirement of standard code, then aircraft is in flight course, because the vibration of aircraft often causes nut and bolt connecting coupling to come off, and causes aircraft accident; If locking torque and the moment values requirement of moment values greater than standard code that get loose are very difficult when then nut and bolt connecting coupling are installed, and cause installing the requirement that rear pretightning force does not reach standard code.If pretightning force does not reach the required value of standard code, the composite plate that then is connected between nut and the bolt connecting coupling is will clamping not tight, is easy to produce vibration and come off in the process of aircraft flight, causes aircraft accident; If pretightning force is greater than the power value requirement of standard code, after then nut and bolt connecting coupling were installed, because pretightning force is large, composite plate was subject to excessive installing force and ftractures or fragmentation, finally causes aircraft aircraft accident to occur in flight course.Therefore, the manufacturing processing of aluminium alloy Closely locking nut must take into full account the requirement of these five mechanical performances, because these five mechanical performances are not fully mutually independently, but interrelated and interference, therefore, the manufacturing processing technic of nut must fully be coordinated the relation between each power and the moment, could finally guarantee the finished product nut that machines, each performance indications is all qualified, so this manufacturing processing technic is particularly important.Because each part Closely locking nut all requires to satisfy simultaneously five mechanical performances, and five again interrelated and interference of mechanical performance, more increased the difficulty that Closely locking nut is made, adopt conventional processing method, namely come nut processing profile and screwed hole by machining first according to the nut processing method of routine, again successively by heat treatment, close up, surface treatment, the method of Ageing Treatment again, not only so that the working (machining) efficiency of aluminium alloy Closely locking nut reduce very much, the product processing cost is high, and five mechanical performance index that can not guarantee each part aluminium alloy Closely locking nut are all qualified, so that the percent defective of aluminium alloy Closely locking nut improves.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of aluminium alloy Closely locking nut processing technology, be intended to solve the problem of the low and percent defective of the working (machining) efficiency of aluminium alloy Closely locking nut in the prior art.
The technical scheme of aluminium alloy Closely locking nut processing technology of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of aluminium alloy Closely locking nut processing technology may further comprise the steps:
Step 1 is carried out the roughing of appearance and size according to the specification of aluminium alloy Closely locking nut to base material, and obtains the semi-finished product workpiece;
Step 2, double finished work-piece carries out artificial aging to be processed;
Step 3, specification according to the aluminium alloy Closely locking nut is carried out the fine finishining of appearance and size to the semi-finished product of processing via step 2, and attack brill place internal thread at the semi-finished product workpiece, so that the appearance and size of semi-finished product workpiece satisfies the required precision of aluminium alloy Closely locking nut, and obtain finished work-piece;
Step 4 is carried out surface treatment to the finished work-piece that gets via step 3 processing;
Step 5 is to the finished work-piece that gets via the step 4 processing processing of closing up;
Step 6 detects the mechanical performance of processing the finished work-piece that gets via step 5.
Described base material is aluminium alloy bars.
Roughing described in the step 1 is to realize after clamping base material by claw or trombone slide on the engine lathe.
Artificial aging described in the step 2 is processed and be may further comprise the steps: to carry out temperature be 175 degrees centigrade tempering for double finished work-piece first, and tempering time is 10 hours; Again the semi-finished product workpiece after the tempering is cooled off naturally.
Fine finishining described in the step 3 may further comprise the steps: at first partly process by the rotary body of double finished work-piece of engine lathe; Then, process six side's twisting positions of semi-finished product workpiece by plain-milling machine; Then, remove the burr at six side's twisting positions of semi-finished product workpiece; At last, after attacking the brill internal thread, the semi-finished product workpiece is revolved on the threaded mandrel that is located at Digit Control Machine Tool, carry out appearance and size processing by double finished work-piece of Digit Control Machine Tool.
Surface treatment described in the step 5 may further comprise the steps: at first, remove the oil stain on finished work-piece surface; Then, finished work-piece being carried out surface anodization processes; Follow again, apply the hexadecanol lubricating layer on the surface of finished work-piece; At last, the hexadecanol lubricating layer on the finished work-piece is dried.
The aluminium alloy Closely locking nut is processed according to roughing-artificial aging-fine finishining (contain to attack and bore internal thread)-surface treatment-closing in-detection among the present invention, wherein, the forward setting of artificially aged guaranteed in whole process, the hardness of semi-finished product workpiece and finished work-piece, intensity and structural homogenity, the putting upside down of surface treatment and closing in arranges the screw thread that has guaranteed the closing in position and can not damage in surface treatment, thereby not only shortened the processing technology length of aluminium alloy Closely locking nut, save process time, improved working (machining) efficiency; And effectively controlled every mechanical performance of aluminium alloy Closely locking nut, so that the destruction tension distribution of aluminium alloy Closely locking nut when detecting is consistent, locking torque and the rate of decay of moment of getting loose are slowed down, and then have solved the problem of the low and percent defective of the working (machining) efficiency of aluminium alloy Closely locking nut in the prior art.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of aluminium alloy Closely locking nut;
Fig. 2 is the right view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is that the A-A of Fig. 2 is to cutaway view;
Fig. 4 is the semi-finished product structure schematic diagram after step 1 processing in the embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the semi-finished product structure schematic diagram after turning is processed in step 3 in the embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the semi-finished product structure schematic diagram after the step 3 Milling Process in the embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 7 is the right view of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is the semi-finished product structure schematic diagram after step 4 processing in the embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 9 is the finished product structure schematic diagram after step 5 processing in the embodiments of the invention.
The specific embodiment
The embodiment of aluminium alloy Closely locking nut processing technology of the present invention: to shown in Figure 9, may further comprise the steps such as Fig. 1:
Step 1 is packed base material in the claw or trombone slide of engine lathe into, by engine lathe base material is carried out rough turn processing (see figure 4);
Step 2 is put into aging furnace with the semi-finished product workpiece after rough turn and is carried out the artificial aging processing;
Step 3, rotary body part (see figure 5) with the turning processing semi-finished product workpiece in the trombone slide of engine lathe of the semi-finished product clamping workpiece after the Ageing Treatment, again with six side's twisting positions (seeing Fig. 6 and Fig. 7) of semi-finished product clamping workpiece milling semi-finished product workpiece on plain-milling machine, and remove the burr at six side's twisting positions;
Step 4 is placed on nut and attacks screw thread (see figure 8) processed on the common tapping machine;
Step 5, after screw thread machines, with threaded mandrel location, the semi-finished product workpiece is tightened on the threaded mandrel carries out appearance and size processing (see figure 9) by double finished work-piece of Digit Control Machine Tool so that obtain standard-required nut shape, twist into two parts moment values and destroy value of thrust;
Step 6 after digital control processing is finished, is carried out finished work-piece oil removing, surface anodization is processed and is applied hexadecanol lubricating layer processing operation, and hexadecanol is dried;
Step 7 is placed on finished work-piece to receive to receive on the pressing mold and presses processing, obtains locking torque, the moment values that gets loose and pretightning force value (seeing Fig. 1 to Fig. 3), namely finishes whole processing of aluminium alloy Closely locking nut;
Step 8, batch according to the aluminium alloy Closely locking nut that machines, randomly draw the aluminium alloy nut of some by standard, on torsion tester, nut carried out the measuring mechanical property tests such as locking torque, on tensile testing machine, nut is destroyed pull test again, after the pass the test, provide the mechanical test report, with this batch nut packing warehouse-in, namely finish by the gross processing and the checking and accepting of nut.
Wherein, a kind of base material of selecting of step is aluminium alloy bars; Artificial aging in the step 2 is treated to double finished work-piece tempering under 175 ℃ temperature, and tempering time is 10 hours, so that the inside of semi-finished product workpiece has formed the metastable phase of certain limit, and is accompanied by the effect of sclerosis.Along with the increase of aging time, common phase is separated out beginning and is slowly disappeared, and non-common phase is separated out and begun to prevail, so just formed the existence of a common phase and non-common phase scope, but at 175 ℃ high temperature, the form that the part common phase forms is faster, and it is also just faster that aging strength increases.Artificial aging has effectively solved the method that aluminium alloy can not quench to improve by oil quenching or gas hardness or intensity, and raw material of aluminum alloy intensity do not reach the product standard requirement, causes Closely locking nut to destroy the pulling force batch underproof problem of property.
The present invention has put upside down the operation of heat treatment and machining.Under regular situation, the purpose of machining is not only in order to obtain the shape of Closely locking nut standard code, and the more important thing is for the nut that obtains to stipulate in the Closely locking nut technical specification and twist into two parts moment, if carry out first machining according to the common process route, moment is twisted into two parts in acquisition, carry out again the artificial aging intensive treatment, then be difficult to during machining the scope of twisting into two parts moment is controlled.At first, the intensity of every a collection of raw material of aluminum alloy of supposing purchase is all consistent, in this case, 1) during machining, is controlled in the scope of standard code if will twist into two parts moment values, then after artificial aging is strengthened, because nut has obtained reinforcement, what then process in advance twists into two parts moment values and will change, and usually twists into two parts the higher limit that moment values exceeds regulation and stipulation because the effect of strengthening will make, and causes entire block to be scrapped; 2) during machining, if will twist into two parts moment values is controlled in a certain scope of lower limit of standard code, then after artificial aging is strengthened, because strengthening temperature can not all be controlled on some fixing points each time, it can only be a certain temperature range, therefore, nut with a collection of or different batch, owing to strengthen the difference of temperature, cause the intensity after nut is strengthened different, therefore, the nut that causes is easily twisted into two parts moment values just in time in the scope of standard code after strengthening, the nut that has is twisted into two parts the lower limit that moment values is lower than standard code after strengthening, and the nut that has is twisted into two parts the higher limit that moment values is higher than standard code, finally causes by the gross nut to be scrapped.Secondly, actual conditions are, reason owing to smelting technique, the intensity of every a collection of raw material of aluminum alloy of buying is all inconsistent, therefore when machining, the moment values of twisting into two parts that can't determine every a collection of nut actually should to what kind of scope, more can't determine machining after, need to carry out the artificially aged nut actually which temperature range of this employing carry out timeliness.Therefore, all caused very difficult situation for production and technology.In order effectively to address this problem, this operation of putting upside down that we find out, effective method just can solve this difficult problem thoroughly.At first, no matter be the raw material of aluminum alloy of buying in which producer, no matter also the intensity difference of different batches raw material of aluminum alloy has much, as long as when putting into production, same batch raw material are decided to be a production to be criticized, this is produced to criticize and is not mixed with other batch, during artificial aging, the material certificate that provides according to this raw material manufacturer carries out the artificial aging intensive treatment, owing to be the same a collection of raw material that same manufacturer provides, therefore, their intensity is more or less the same, after the artificial aging reinforcement, intensity has obtained reinforcement and homogenizing.When carrying out machining again, because intensity has obtained homogenizing, according to the debugging situation, just be easy to control the scope that moment values reaches standard code of twisting into two parts during machining.And after the machining, follow-up no longer any reinforcement is carried out at the position or reduction is processed to twisting into two parts, and therefore twists into two parts moment and can not change again.
Artificial aging requires: at 175 ± 5 ℃, insulation is more than 10 hours, and the intensity of aluminum alloy after the timeliness is σ b 〉=420MPa, σ 0.2 〉=345MPa, δ＞6%.Although standard to artificial aging after wider range of requirement of strength, but in reality processing, must control in the very narrow scope with the strength range of a collection of product, otherwise the moment of twisting into two parts of nut is not just controlled during machining, the dispersion of twisting into two parts moment after the processing is very large, and it is qualified that product is difficult to.
Below tabulate test situation:
1) with a collection of product, first machinery processing, rear artificial aging is twisted into two parts moment values relatively
2) first artificial aging, rear machining is twisted into two parts moment values relatively
3) with a collection of product, first machinery processing, rear artificial aging is twisted into two parts moment values relatively
4) first artificial aging, rear machining is twisted into two parts moment values relatively
5) with a collection of product, first machinery processing, rear artificial aging is twisted into two parts moment values relatively
6) first artificial aging, rear machining is twisted into two parts moment values relatively
The present invention has put upside down surface treatment and closing in operation.Under the regular situation, the closing in operation is not only for the locking torque value that obtains standard code and the moment values that gets loose, the quality of the size of simultaneously, closing in degree and surface lubrication degree can directly affect again the size of the nut after the closing in locking torque that obtains and the moment values that gets loose.It is good that the thread surface of nut is lubricated, and wants to obtain qualified locking torque and the moment values that gets loose, and the receipts of the nut degree of pressing accordingly can be larger when then closing up; If bad (the owing lubricating status) that thread surface is lubricated, the receipts of the nut degree of pressing accordingly can be smaller when then closing up; If bad (the crossing lubricating status) that thread surface is lubricated, the receipts of the nut degree of pressing will be larger when then closing up.Simultaneously, it is mechanical that the pressure degree is namely received in the closing in of nut, controlled, but the lubricated of nut thread is chemical treatment, the thickness of its lubricating layer is uncontrollable, therefore, if close up first operation, locking torque is controlled at certain limit, satisfies simultaneously in the qualified situation of the moment that gets loose, after carry out lubricated, will obtain following result: when lubricating layer thickness is suitable or less than normal, then the locking torque of nut and the moment that gets loose are all qualified, and when lubricating layer thickness was partially thick, the moment that gets loose of nut was defective.If carry out first lubricated, then regardless of the thickness of lubricating layer, because the pressure degree that closes up is controlled, all can control the locking torque of nut and the moment that gets loose is qualified by the receipts pressure degree of control nut.
1) with a collection of nut, close up first, rear lubricated, locking and release force moment ratio are
2) lubricated first, rear closing in, locking and release force moment ratio are
3) with a collection of nut, close up first, rear lubricated, locking and release force moment ratio are
4) lubricated first, rear closing in, locking and release force moment ratio are
5) with a collection of nut, close up first, rear lubricated, locking and release force moment ratio are
6) lubricated first, rear closing in, locking and release force moment ratio are
Therefore the present invention can effectively control the finished product Closely locking nut to destroy pulling force defective by above several operations of putting upside down, the decay of locking torque, the moment that gets loose is too fast not to reach standard-required, twist into two parts the series of problems such as the unstable and pretightning force of moment is defective, has effectively solved a series of technical barriers such as aluminium alloy Closely locking nut mechanical performance and metallurgy characteristic are defective, percent defective is high, delivery cycle is long, quality is unstable.
In the above-described embodiments, the surface treatment method in the step 6 has consisted of the surface treatment to finished work-piece, and in other embodiments, surface treatment also can comprise adopts operations such as electroplating, apply antirust paint.
In the above-described embodiments, step 3, four, five has consisted of the fine finishining of the appearance and size of double finished work-piece, in other embodiments, the fine finishining of the appearance and size of double finished work-piece also can directly realize at Digit Control Machine Tool, and saved manufacturing procedure on engine lathe and plain-milling machine, and also can finish the manufacturing procedure of boring internal thread of attacking at the semi-finished product workpiece on the Digit Control Machine Tool.
In the above-described embodiments, it is that the semi-finished product workpiece is tempered to 175 degrees centigrade that artificial aging in the step 2 is processed, in other embodiments, temperature also can be between 100 degrees centigrade to 175 degrees centigrade or 175 degrees centigrade to 200 degrees centigrade, this temperature range and the tempering time under corresponding temperature belong to prior art, therefore repeat no more.
As seen from the above embodiment, aluminium alloy Closely locking nut processing technology of the present invention can realize that by following steps concrete steps are as follows:
Step 1 is carried out the roughing of appearance and size according to the specification of aluminium alloy Closely locking nut to base material, and obtains the semi-finished product workpiece;
Step 2, double finished work-piece carries out artificial aging to be processed;
Step 3, specification according to the aluminium alloy Closely locking nut is carried out the fine finishining of appearance and size to the semi-finished product of processing via step 2, and attack brill place internal thread at the semi-finished product workpiece, so that the appearance and size of semi-finished product workpiece satisfies the required precision of aluminium alloy Closely locking nut, and obtain finished work-piece;
Step 4 is carried out surface treatment to the finished work-piece that gets via step 3 processing;
Step 5 is to the finished work-piece that gets via the step 4 processing processing of closing up;
Step 6 detects the mechanical performance of processing the finished work-piece that gets via step 5.
Claims (6)
1. an aluminium alloy Closely locking nut processing technology is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1 is carried out the roughing of appearance and size according to the specification of aluminium alloy Closely locking nut to base material, and obtains the semi-finished product workpiece;
Step 2, double finished work-piece carries out artificial aging to be processed;
Step 3, specification according to the aluminium alloy Closely locking nut is carried out the fine finishining of appearance and size to the semi-finished product of processing via step 2, and attack brill place internal thread at the semi-finished product workpiece, so that the appearance and size of semi-finished product workpiece satisfies the required precision of aluminium alloy Closely locking nut, and obtain finished work-piece;
Step 4 is carried out surface treatment to the finished work-piece that gets via step 3 processing;
Step 5 is to the finished work-piece that gets via the step 4 processing processing of closing up;
Step 6 detects the mechanical performance of processing the finished work-piece that gets via step 5.
2. aluminium alloy Closely locking nut processing technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described base material is aluminium alloy bars.
3. aluminium alloy Closely locking nut processing technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the roughing described in the step 1 is to realize after clamping base material by claw or trombone slide on the engine lathe.
4. aluminium alloy Closely locking nut processing technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that, artificial aging described in the step 2 is processed and be may further comprise the steps: to carry out temperature be 175 degrees centigrade tempering for double finished work-piece first, and tempering time is 10 hours; Again the semi-finished product workpiece after the tempering is cooled off naturally.
5. aluminium alloy Closely locking nut processing technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that the fine finishining described in the step 3 may further comprise the steps: at first partly process by the rotary body of double finished work-piece of engine lathe; Then, process six side's twisting positions of semi-finished product workpiece by plain-milling machine; Then, remove the burr at six side's twisting positions of semi-finished product workpiece; At last, after attacking the brill internal thread, the semi-finished product workpiece is revolved on the threaded mandrel that is located at Digit Control Machine Tool, carry out appearance and size processing by double finished work-piece of Digit Control Machine Tool.
6. aluminium alloy Closely locking nut processing technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that the surface treatment described in the step 5 may further comprise the steps: at first, remove the oil stain on finished work-piece surface; Then, finished work-piece being carried out surface anodization processes; Follow again, apply the hexadecanol lubricating layer on the surface of finished work-piece; At last, the hexadecanol lubricating layer on the finished work-piece is dried.
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| CN104148884B (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2016-08-24 | 无锡兴澄特种材料有限公司 | Special-shaped rod processing technique |
| CN104148884A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2014-11-19 | 无锡兴澄华新钢材有限公司 | Irregular bar machining process |
| CN104014998A (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2014-09-03 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | Method for machining titanium alloy torsion test bar |
| CN104314948A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-01-28 | 贵州航天精工制造有限公司 | Light controllable pretightening force self-locking swing nut assembly |
| CN104588978A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-05-06 | 吴中区长桥诚惠机械加工厂 | Sleeve machining process |
| CN104889679A (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2015-09-09 | 广西金达造船有限公司 | Machining method of fastening nut of propeller |
| CN105834686A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-08-10 | 苏州昭沃五金科技有限公司 | Manufacturing process for connecting nut |
| CN106239053A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2016-12-21 | 无锡兴澄特种材料有限公司 | The method that type is pumped into by special-shaped rod one |
| CN106239053B (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-02-23 | 无锡兴澄特种材料有限公司 | The method that special-shaped rod one is pumped into type |
| CN108457968A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-08-28 | 河南航天精工制造有限公司 | Screwed assembly and its nut |
| CN110026739A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-07-19 | 贵州航天风华精密设备有限公司 | A kind of processing method of the aluminium alloy thin-walled discoid part of T4 |
| CN111069850A (en) * | 2019-11-30 | 2020-04-28 | 河南航天精工制造有限公司 | Method for processing stainless steel tensile high-locking nut |
| CN114654168A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-06-24 | 江苏东睿航天科技有限公司 | Processing technology of high-lock nut for aerospace |
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