CN102941401B - Method for welding ferritic stainless steel with trailing intense cooling - Google Patents
Method for welding ferritic stainless steel with trailing intense cooling Download PDFInfo
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- CN102941401B CN102941401B CN201210422537.8A CN201210422537A CN102941401B CN 102941401 B CN102941401 B CN 102941401B CN 201210422537 A CN201210422537 A CN 201210422537A CN 102941401 B CN102941401 B CN 102941401B
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- NGONBPOYDYSZDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ar].[W] Chemical compound [Ar].[W] NGONBPOYDYSZDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000840 electrochemical analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for welding ferritic stainless steel with trailing intense cooling and aims at the problem that a crystal grain grows and is brittle in the welding process of the ferritic stainless steel. A argon tungsten-arc welding machine is adopted, liquid nitrogen is used in the welding process to conduct welding with trailing intense cooling, and argon is used for protection, so that the problem that the crystal grain grows and is brittle in the welding heat affected zone is effectively prevented, the data are full and accurate, the quality of a welding joint is good, a welding line is good in fusion property and is not easily cracked, the strength of extension of the welding line is up to 481.5MPa, and therefore, the method is a quite ideal method for welding ferritic stainless steel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Follow-up rapid cooling welding method of ferritic stainless steel, belong to the technical field of ferritic stainless steel welding and application.
Background technology
For a long time, austenitic stainless steel is selected in technical field with its good decay resistance and mechanical property always, and because nickel element reserves are less, nickel valency is high, and the production cost of austenitic stainless steel is increased gradually; Along with the development of steelmaking equipment and smelting technique, the ferritic stainless steel of high purity, good combination property is produced, it not only has mechanical property and the corrosion resisting property of austenitic stainless steel, and the ability of resistance to local corrosion is also better than austenitic stainless steel, ferritic stainless steel is used widely in household electrical appliances, automobile, building decoration, hardware field.
The single ferritic structure of ferritic stainless steel is without phase transformation, tissue is not regulated by phase transformation, in welding process, the ferrite crystal grain of welding heat affected zone is grown up, welding joint mechanical property can sharply worsen, impact property is a greater impact, therefore heat affected area becomes the weakness zone of whole welding point, have impact on the stainless welding quality of the type.
At present, the problem of coarse-grain embrittlement is there is in ferritic stainless steel welding process, mainly improve grain coarsening problem by metallurgical method and high-octane welding method, wherein metallurgical method adds alloying elements nb, tungsten in the material, welding method comprises the method for plasma arc welding (PAW), Laser Welding and laser-MAG compound welding, these kind of method all needs could be realized by complex device and technique, and cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
goal of the invention
The object of the invention is the situation for background technology, in argon tungsten-arc welding termination process, liquid nitrogen Follow-up rapid cooling is adopted to ferritic stainless steel, improve the cooling velocity of welding point, improve ferritic stainless steel postwelding grain growth problem, to improve mechanical property and the corrosion resistance of ferrite stainless steel welded joint.
technical scheme
Use chemical substance material be: ferrite stainless steel, ferritic stainless steel welding wire, liquid nitrogen, ethanol, argon gas, sand paper, its prepare consumption as follows: with millimeter, milliliter, centimetre
3for measurement unit
Ferrite stainless steel: 00C,r21 550 mm × 10 mm × 100 mm 2 pieces
Ferritic stainless steel welding wire: 00Cr21 Φ 1.2 mm × 400 mm
Liquid nitrogen: N
2100000 mL ± 50 mL
Ethanol: C
2h
5oH 2000 mL ± 50 mL
Argon gas: Ar 100000 cm
3± 50 cm
3
Sand paper: SiC 400 276 mm × 230, mm × 0.5 mm 2
Welding method is as follows:
(1) liquid nitrogen Quench rifle is made
Liquid nitrogen Quench rifle is circular tube shaped, and centre is liquid nitrogen chamber, and front portion is provided with spray nozzle, liquid outlet and drain silk, and rear portion is installing ring, makes of aluminum alloy materials;
(2) pretreatment ferrite stainless steel
1. soldered ferrite stainless steel is two pieces, and size, specification are the same, rectangular tabular, welding position bevel, and single groove angle is 30 °;
2. clean ferrite stainless steel with ethanol, make welding position clean;
(3) Gas Tungsten Arc Welding ferrite stainless steel
The Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of ferrite stainless steel carries out on TIG Welding Machine, is to complete under the filler wire welding of argon shield, liquid nitrogen Quench, ferritic stainless steel welding wire;
1. ferrite stainless steel is put
Clamp for welding is placed on the workbench of argon arc welding machine, and the ferrite stainless steel that horizontal positioned two pieces is soldered in Clamp for welding, two divided edge of steel plate position alignment;
2. installation and debugging liquid nitrogen Quench rifle, and aim at welded steel plate weld seam;
3. tunger tube is installed, and aims at welded steel plate weld seam;
4. install ferritic stainless steel welding wire, its point aims at welded steel plate weld seam;
5. argon gas valve, tunger tube is opened, to welding position conveying argon gas, argon gas input speed 150 cm
3/ min;
Open TIG Welding Machine, ignite electric arc, weldingvoltage 14-15 V, welding current 130-140 A, and arcing is in ferrite stainless steel and welding wire;
6. ferritic stainless steel welding wire is aimed at welded position, weld, thermal weld stress amount 0.5-0.6 kJ/min; Speed of welding is 170-200 mm/min;
Open liquid nitrogen Quench rifle, to welding position input liquid nitrogen, liquid nitrogen input speed 100 mL/min;
When two welded steel plate weld seams combine, namely complete front welding;
Cooling 5 min is left standstill after welding;
7. be again installed by two of positive engagement pieces of ferrite stainless steels, reverse side, welds two block plate reverse side with same method and technical parameter upward; After two welded steel plate weld seams combine, namely complete reverse side welding;
Cooling 10 min is left standstill after welding;
(4) close argon arc welding machine power supply, stop welding;
Close liquid nitrogen Quench rifle, stop cooling;
Close argon gas valve, tunger tube, stop defeated argon gas;
(5) pull down Clamp for welding, take out welded corrosion resistant plate;
(6) average tempering
Soldered ferrite stainless steel is placed in heat-treatment furnace, carries out average tempering, temperature 300 DEG C, tempering time 30 min;
25 DEG C are cooled to the furnace after tempering;
(7) mechanical grinding overlap
By the overlap of welded steel plate mechanical grinding positive and negative, make two sides smooth;
(8) the welded surface of steel plate of sand papering
Welded steel plate is placed on flat board, uses sand papering tow sides, make any surface finish, make positive and negative roughness reach Ra0.32-0.63 μm;
(9) ethanol purge
With the positive and negative surface of the welded steel plate of ethanol purge, make it clean;
(10) detect, analyze, characterize
The pattern of ferrite stainless steel welding point of welding, weld seam metallographic structure, mechanical property are detected, analyze, characterized;
With metallographic microstructure and the Morphology analysis of Optical microscope and SEM butt welded seam;
Analyze by universal tensile machine Welded Joints tensile strength and percentage elongation;
Analyze with shock machine Welded Joints impact absorbing energy;
Electrochemical corrosion analysis is carried out with electrochemical workstation Welded Joints;
Conclusion: the ferrite stainless steel welding point crystal grain after welding is tiny, and mechanical property is high, and tensile strength reaches 481.51 MPa, and percentage elongation reaches 29.2 %, it is 31.5 J that weld impingement absorbs merit, and corrosion current density is 0.63 × 10
6a cm
-2, corrosion potential is-0.803 V.
Beneficial effect
The present invention has obvious advance compared with background technology; for the grain growth in ferritic stainless steel welding process, embrittlement, unmanageable problem; adopt TIG Welding Machine; in welding process, use liquid nitrogen to carry out Follow-up rapid cooling; and protect with argon gas; effectively prevent grain growth and the brittleness problems of welding heat affected zone; the method technique is rationally advanced; informative data is accurate; welding quality is good; weld seam fusion character is good, not easy to crack, is the welding method of very good ferrite stainless steel.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is ferrite stainless steel Follow-up rapid cooling welded condition figure
Fig. 2 is the main TV structure figure of liquid nitrogen Quench rifle
Fig. 3 is liquid nitrogen Quench rifle side view
Fig. 4 is ferrite stainless steel structure chart
Fig. 5 is ferrite stainless steel weld seam metallographic structure pattern comparison diagram
Fig. 6 is ferrite stainless steel weld seam electrochemical tests comparison diagram
Shown in figure, list of numerals is as follows:
1 welding bench, 2 indicator lamps, 3 display screens, 4 argon bottles, 5 argon gas, 6 tunger tubes, 7 argon gas valves, 8 liquid nitrogen pump modulators, 9 source of welding current modulators, 10 tungsten argon arc welding guns, 11 ferritic stainless steel welding wires, 12 TIG Welding Machines, 13 liquid nitrogen Quench rifles, 14 first ferrite stainless steels, 15 liquid nitrogen, 16 second ferrite stainless steels, 17 Clamp for welding, 18 welding wire geometrical clamps, 19 poles, 20 liquid nitrogen pumps, 21 liquid nitrogen pipe, 22 liquid nitrogen containers, 23 first fixed blocks, 24 second fixed blocks, 25 workbench modulator in length and breadth, 26 liquid nitrogen chambeies, 27 spray nozzles, 28 liquid outlets, 29 drain silks, 30 installing rings, 31 bolts.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described:
Shown in Fig. 1, be ferrite stainless steel Follow-up rapid cooling welded condition figure, each position, annexation want correct, configure according to quantity, operate according to the order of sequence.
The value of chemical substance that welding uses determines by the scope pre-set, with millimeter, milliliter, centimetre
3for measurement unit.
The Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of ferrite stainless steel carries out on welding bench, is to be completed in the process of liquid nitrogen Quench, argon shield, interpolation ferritic stainless steel welding wire by argon arc welding machine;
Welding bench is horizontal, on the top of welding bench 1, Clamp for welding 17 is housed, and be installed first, second ferrite stainless steel 14,16 in Clamp for welding 17, and leave welded gaps; TIG Welding Machine 12 connects ferritic stainless steel welding wire 11 by pole 19, welding wire geometrical clamp 18, and the slope angle between two first, second ferrite stainless steels 14,16 welded is aimed at ferritic stainless steel welding wire 11 tip; Be provided with argon bottle 4 and argon gas valve 7, tunger tube 6, tungsten argon arc welding gun 10 at the left part of welding bench 1, tungsten argon arc welding gun 10 aims at the weld seam slope angle of two welded corrosion resistant plates; Be provided with liquid nitrogen container 22 and liquid nitrogen pipe 21, liquid nitrogen pump 20 at the right part of welding bench 1, and connect liquid nitrogen Quench rifle 13, two welded corrosion resistant plate welding slope angles aimed at by liquid nitrogen Quench rifle 13; The anterior control panel of welding bench arranges display screen 3, indicator lamp 2, source of welding current modulator 9, workbench modulator 25, liquid nitrogen pump modulator 8 in length and breadth.
Shown in Fig. 2,3, be liquid nitrogen Quench rifle structure chart, each position wants correct.
Liquid nitrogen Quench rifle 13 is cylindrical shape, is liquid nitrogen chamber 26, is provided with spray nozzle 27, is provided with 4 liquid outlets 28, is provided with drain silk 29 in the outer end of spray nozzle 27 in spray nozzle 27 at the left part of liquid nitrogen Quench rifle 13 in liquid nitrogen Quench rifle 13; Be provided with installing ring 30 in the right part of liquid nitrogen Quench rifle 13, and fixed by bolt 31.
Shown in Fig. 4, be ferrite stainless steel structure chart, be provided with bevel for welding at the soldered end face of first, second ferrite stainless steel 14,16, bevel for welding one side angle is 30 °.
Shown in Fig. 5, be ferrite stainless steel weld seam metallographic structure pattern comparison diagram, figure a is Air flow weld seam metallographic structure figure, figure b is with weld seam metallographic structure figure after the welding of welding fluid nitrogen Quench, obviously find out, Follow-up rapid cooling welding point fusion character is good, the tiny densification of metallographic structure.
Shown in Fig. 6, for ferrite stainless steel weld seam electrochemical tests comparison diagram, known in figure: c welds with welding fluid nitrogen Quench, d is Air flow welding, with the corrosion potential of the welding point of welding fluid nitrogen Quench higher than Air flow welding point, its corrosion current is lower than Air flow welding point.
Claims (1)
1. the Follow-up rapid cooling welding method of a ferritic stainless steel, it is characterized in that: the chemical substance material of use is: ferrite stainless steel, ferritic stainless steel welding wire, liquid nitrogen, ethanol, argon gas, sand paper, its prepare consumption as follows: with millimeter, milliliter, centimetre
3for measurement unit
Ferrite stainless steel: 00C,r21 550 mm × 10 mm × 100 mm 2 pieces
Ferritic stainless steel welding wire: 00Cr21 Φ 1.2 mm × 400 mm
Liquid nitrogen: N
2100000 mL ± 50 mL
Ethanol: C
2h
5oH 2000 mL ± 50 mL
Argon gas: Ar 100000 cm
3± 50 cm
3
Sand paper: SiC 400 276 mm × 230, mm × 0.5 mm 2
Welding method is as follows:
(1) liquid nitrogen Quench rifle is made
Liquid nitrogen Quench rifle (13) is cylindrical shape, make of aluminum alloy materials, be liquid nitrogen chamber (26) in liquid nitrogen Quench rifle (13), spray nozzle (27) is provided with at the left part of liquid nitrogen Quench rifle (13), in spray nozzle (27), be provided with 4 liquid outlets (28), be provided with drain silk (29) in the outer end of spray nozzle (27); Be provided with installing ring (30) in the right part of liquid nitrogen Quench rifle (13), and fixed by bolt (31);
(2) pretreatment ferrite stainless steel
1. soldered ferrite stainless steel is two pieces, and size, specification are the same, rectangular tabular, welding position bevel, and single groove angle is 30 °;
2. clean ferrite stainless steel with ethanol, make welding position clean;
(3) Gas Tungsten Arc Welding ferrite stainless steel
The argon tungsten-arc welding of ferrite stainless steel is connected on welding bench to be carried out, and is completed in the process of liquid nitrogen Quench, argon shield, interpolation ferritic stainless steel welding wire by argon arc welding machine;
Welding bench is horizontal, on the top of welding bench (1), Clamp for welding (17) is housed, be installed first, second ferrite stainless steel (14), (16) in Clamp for welding (17), and leave welded gaps; TIG Welding Machine (12) is by pole (19), welding wire geometrical clamp (18) connects ferritic stainless steel welding wire (11), and the slope angle between two welded first, second ferrite stainless steels (14), (16) is aimed at ferritic stainless steel welding wire (11) tip; Be provided with argon bottle (4) and argon gas valve (7), tunger tube (6), tungsten argon arc welding gun (10) at the left part of welding bench (1), tungsten argon arc welding gun (10) aims at the weld seam slope angle of two welded corrosion resistant plates; Liquid nitrogen container (22) and liquid nitrogen pipe (21), liquid nitrogen pump (20) is provided with at the right part of welding bench (1), and connecting liquid nitrogen Quench rifle (13), two welded corrosion resistant plate welding slope angles aimed at by liquid nitrogen Quench rifle (13); The anterior control panel of welding bench arranges display screen (3), indicator lamp (2), source of welding current modulator (9), workbench modulator (25), liquid nitrogen pump modulator (8) in length and breadth;
1. ferrite stainless steel is put
Clamp for welding is placed on the workbench of argon arc welding machine, and the ferrite stainless steel that horizontal positioned two pieces is soldered in Clamp for welding, two divided edge of steel plate position alignment;
2. installation and debugging liquid nitrogen Quench rifle, and aim at welded steel plate weld seam;
3. tunger tube is installed, and aims at welded steel plate weld seam;
4. install ferritic stainless steel welding wire, its point aims at welded steel plate weld seam;
5. argon gas valve, tunger tube is opened, to welding position conveying argon gas, argon gas input speed 150 cm
3/ min;
Open TIG Welding Machine, ignite electric arc, weldingvoltage 14-15 V, welding current 130-140 A, and arcing is in ferrite stainless steel and welding wire;
6. ferritic stainless steel welding wire is aimed at welded position, weld, thermal weld stress amount 0.5-0.6 kJ/min; Speed of welding is 170-200 mm/min;
Open liquid nitrogen Quench rifle, to welding position input liquid nitrogen, liquid nitrogen input speed 100 mL/min;
When two welded steel plate weld seams combine, namely complete front welding;
Cooling 5 min is left standstill after welding;
7. be again installed by two of positive engagement pieces of ferrite stainless steels, reverse side, welds two block plate reverse side with same method and technical parameter upward; After two welded steel plate weld seams combine, namely complete reverse side welding;
Cooling 10 min is left standstill after welding;
(4) close argon arc welding machine power supply, stop welding;
Close liquid nitrogen Quench rifle, stop cooling;
Close argon gas valve, tunger tube, stop defeated argon gas;
(5) pull down Clamp for welding, take out welded corrosion resistant plate;
(6) average tempering
Soldered ferrite stainless steel is placed in heat-treatment furnace, carries out average tempering, temperature 300 DEG C, tempering time 30 min;
25 DEG C are cooled to the furnace after tempering;
(7) mechanical grinding overlap
By the overlap of welded steel plate mechanical grinding positive and negative, make two sides smooth;
(8) the welded surface of steel plate of sand papering
Welded steel plate is placed on flat board, uses sand papering tow sides, make any surface finish, make positive and negative roughness reach Ra0.32-0.63 μm;
(9) ethanol purge
With the positive and negative surface of the welded steel plate of ethanol purge, make it clean;
(10) detect, analyze, characterize
The pattern of ferrite stainless steel welding point of welding, weld seam metallographic structure, mechanical property are detected, analyze, characterized;
With metallographic microstructure and the Morphology analysis of Optical microscope and SEM butt welded seam;
Analyze by universal tensile machine Welded Joints tensile strength and percentage elongation;
Analyze with shock machine Welded Joints impact absorbing energy;
Electrochemical corrosion analysis is carried out with electrochemical workstation Welded Joints;
Ferrite stainless steel welding point crystal grain after welding is tiny, and mechanical property is high, and tensile strength reaches 481.51 MPa, and percentage elongation reaches 29.2 %, and it is 31.5 J that weld impingement absorbs merit, and corrosion current density is 0.63 × 10
6a cm
-2, corrosion potential is-0.803V.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210422537.8A CN102941401B (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2012-10-30 | Method for welding ferritic stainless steel with trailing intense cooling |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210422537.8A CN102941401B (en) | 2012-10-30 | 2012-10-30 | Method for welding ferritic stainless steel with trailing intense cooling |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102941401A CN102941401A (en) | 2013-02-27 |
| CN102941401B true CN102941401B (en) | 2015-02-25 |
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| JP6499557B2 (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2019-04-10 | 日新製鋼株式会社 | Welding method for austenitic stainless steel sheet |
| CN105728976B (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2017-10-10 | 太原理工大学 | Super-purity ferrite stainless steel homogeneous heat affected area material preparation method |
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| CN109604782B (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2020-10-23 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Method for controlling softening of welding heat affected zone of quenched and tempered steel by rotating impact along with welding |
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| CN102941401A (en) | 2013-02-27 |
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