CN102935511A - Method for improving copper-lead alloy metallographic structure sintered by copper-lead alloy powder - Google Patents
Method for improving copper-lead alloy metallographic structure sintered by copper-lead alloy powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN102935511A CN102935511A CN2011102335186A CN201110233518A CN102935511A CN 102935511 A CN102935511 A CN 102935511A CN 2011102335186 A CN2011102335186 A CN 2011102335186A CN 201110233518 A CN201110233518 A CN 201110233518A CN 102935511 A CN102935511 A CN 102935511A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a copper-lead alloy powder. The copper-lead alloy powder is composed of compositions of, by weight, 0-0.2% of powders with particle sizes between -100 meshes and +150 meshes, 15-18% of powders with particle sizes between -150 meshes and +250 meshes, 32-35% of powders with particle sizes between -250 meshes and +325 meshes, 20-24% of powders with particle sizes between -325 meshes and +400meshes and 22.8-33% of powders with particle sizes of -400meshes. The invention further discloses a method for improving a copper-lead alloy metallographic structure sintered by the copper-lead alloy powder. According to the method, metallographical grades of alloy structures of powder sintered copper-lead alloy sliding bearing materials, particularly the metallographical grades of the alloy structures sintered on the surface of a low-carbon quality carbon steel material by the copper-lead alloy powder, so that the gap of production of copper-lead alloy bimetallic bearing materials with high comprehensive mechanical performances is filled.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is specifically related to a kind of method and a kind of Pot metal powder that improves the powder sintered Pot metal metallographic structure of Pot metal.
Background technology
Progress along with auto technology, to the automobile bearing material copper/copper alloy bearing material that uses of engine high-power to being used for, top load particularly, have higher requirement, for example, has high strength, can satisfy high-power and the requirement superpower engine, also require bearing material to adapt under different environment and the operating mode and work, have the ability of stress corrosion resistant and chemical attack.Up to the present, the bearing material that high-power engine generally uses is Allen's metal alloy bearing material, and this class bearing material contains the lead of 5%-40%.Because lead is not dissolved in copper admittedly, also not with copper generation alloying, only independently exist mutually as anti-attrition, destroyed the continuity of copper alloy matrix, the uniformity that lead element distributes in Pot metal has determined the mechanical bearing capacity of copper alloy.Therefore having high-grade Pot metal metallographic structure is the principal element that improves copper alloy machinery bearing capacity, and high-grade Pot metal has lower coefficient of friction, can reduce the accident that the friction interlock occurs and cause.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the poor defective of not high, the mechanical bearing capacity of the copper-lead bearing strength of materials that engine high-power in the prior art in order to overcome, top load uses, and a kind of Pot metal powder is provided, and a kind of method that improves the powder sintered Pot metal metallographic structure of Pot metal.Method of the present invention can improve the metallographic grade of the alloy structure of powder sintered Pot metal material for sliding bearing, particularly improve the metallographic grade that copper closes powder sintered alloy structure at low-carbon (LC) Fine Steel Casting iron material surface, filled up the blank that high comprehensive mechanical performance Pot metal bimetal bearing material is produced.
Therefore, the present invention relates to a kind of Pot metal powder, wherein, the granularmetric composition of described Pot metal powder is :-100 orders～+ 150 purpose content of powder are 0～0.2%;-150 orders～+ 250 purpose content of powder are 15～18%;-250 orders～+ 325 purpose content of powder are 32～35%;-325 orders～+ 400 purpose content of powder are 20～24%;-400 purpose content of powder are 22.8～33%, and above percentage all is weight percentage.
Wherein, described Pot metal powder can make by the conventional preparation method of this type of powder of this area, and the present invention particularly preferably makes by water atomization or aerosolization method of granulating.Wherein, step and condition that described water atomization or aerosolization method of granulating adopt all can be step and condition commonly used in this area water atomization or the aerosolization method of granulating.What described Pot metal powder was better is spherical or the ellipsoid shape.
Among the present invention, the chemical composition of described Pot metal powder and corresponding content all can be composition and content conventional in the Pot metal powder of this area.Pot metal powder of the present invention is following chemical composition and content particularly preferably: lead 20～26%, and tin 1～2%, zinc 0～1%, copper 70.5～79%, other impurity content summation is no more than 0.5%, and above each percentage all is weight percentage.
The invention further relates to a kind of method that improves the powder sintered Pot metal metallographic structure of Pot metal, it comprises the following step:
(1) uses power spreading device, through on the pretreated carbon steel material, be paved with equably above-mentioned Pot metal powder;
(2) under restitutive protection's atmosphere, in sintering furnace, carry out sintering, 760～870 ℃ of sintering temperatures, sintering time 10～80 minutes;
(3) blooming and levelling: the material behind the first sintering is carried out cold rolling at cold-rolling mill, be rolling to the predefined thickness by the technological requirement design;
(4) under restitutive protection's atmosphere, in sintering furnace, again carry out sintering, sintering temperature is 850～960 ℃, the time is 15～80 minutes;
(5) finish rolling and levelling: again carry out finish rolling at cold-rolling mill through the material behind the sintering again, be rolling to the predefined thickness by the technological requirement design.
In the step (1), described power spreading device can be the automatic power spreading machine.What described carbon steel material was better is low-carbon (LC) Fine Steel Casting iron steel plate, and what the carbon content of described low-carbon (LC) Fine Steel Casting iron was better is less than or equal to 0.25%.
In step (2) or the step (4); what described restitutive protection's atmosphere was better is the gaseous mixture protective atmosphere of hydrogen, decomposed ammonia or hydrogen and nitrogen; in the gaseous mixture protective atmosphere of described hydrogen and nitrogen, what the mixed volume ratio of hydrogen and nitrogen was better is hydrogen: nitrogen is 5%～95%: 95%～5%.
In step (2) or (4), what described sintering furnace was better is net belt type continuous fritting furnace or Automatic continuous sintering furnace.
In step (3) or (5), better is controlled at rolling accuracy ± 0.01mm.
Without prejudice to the field on the basis of common sense, above-mentioned each optimum condition, but any combination namely get the preferred embodiments of the invention.
Raw materials used all commercially available the getting of the present invention.
Positive progressive effect of the present invention is:
The method of the Pot metal metallographic structure that raising Pot metal of the present invention is powder sintered, can improve the metallographic grade of the alloy structure of powder sintered Pot metal material for sliding bearing, can improve intensity and the hardness of Pot metal material for sliding bearing, have lower coefficient of friction, can reduce generation abrasion interlock and cause the accident.Compare with traditional lead bronze bearing material, the Pot metal-steel composite bimetallic bearing material that adopts the inventive method to make has higher intensity, better lubricity and the wearability under harsh heavy burden environment.
The specific embodiment
Mode below by embodiment further specifies the present invention, but does not therefore limit the present invention among the described scope of embodiments.The experimental technique of unreceipted actual conditions in the following example according to conventional method and condition, or is selected according to catalogue.
Embodiment 1
1. target production material specification is: gross thickness 2.5 * alloy width 120mm, alloy thickness are the Pot metal-steel composite bimetallic bearing material sheet material of 0.5mm.
2. steel plate is prepared: select the Fine Steel Casting iron steel plate of the SPCC trade mark, 2.5 * 126 * 625mm with the steel plate shearing of opening greatly becomes to design carries out degreasing and rust removal, change to be rolled to 2.0 ± 0.01 * 126 * 780mm, and smoothing, flatness≤0.5mm.
3. alloy powder is prepared, and adopts hydraulic atomized method to produce the Pot metal powder, the chemical composition of powder by weight percentage, lead 23%, tin 1.5%, zinc 0.4%, other impurity content summation is no more than 0.5%.Surplus is copper
4. alloy powder is prepared, and adopts hydraulic atomized method to produce the Pot metal powder, and the particle diameter of described Pot metal powder meets :-100 orders～+ 150 order content are 0.2%;-150 orders～+ 250 order content are 18%;-250 orders～+ 325 order content are 35%;-325 orders～+ 400 order content are 24%.-400 order content are 22.8%.
5. the finished product by design is the alloy layer thickness of 0.5mm; spreading powder thickness is 0.85mm; alloy powder is layered on the good steel plate of preliminary treatment uniformly, and carries out sintering in the crawler type sintering furnace that is connected with decomposed ammonia restitutive protection atmosphere, first sintering (just burning) temperature is 850 ℃.Sintering time is 20 minutes, makes between the alloy powder, and certain bond strength is arranged between alloy powder and the steel plate.
6. blooming and levelling, at the beginning of material after burning carry out cold rollingly at cold-rolling mill, be rolling to the thickness of 2.60mm, precision is controlled at ± 0.01mm.The purpose of breaking down is to put forward heavy alloyed density.
7. resintering.The material that breaking down is good carries out again sintering (resintering) under 880 ℃ temperature, sintering time is 20 minutes, makes between the alloy, and the bond strength between alloy and the steel plate further improves.
8. finish rolling and smoothing.Material through behind the resintering is rolled (finish rolling), and rolling rear thickness is 2.50 ± 0.01mm, and its objective is and further put forward heavy alloyed density, and the thickness of desired copper-lead-bronze alloy-steel bonded dual metal.
9. finished product metallographic testing result meets 1 grade of the standard of national GB/T281-1999 regulation metallographic.
Embodiment 2
Target production material specification is: gross thickness 3.5 * alloy width 100mm, alloy thickness is 0.80mm, Pot metal-steel composite bimetallic bearing material sheet material.
Select the Fine Steel Casting iron structural steel and iron of the St37-2G trade mark, steel plate shearing is become the billot of width 106mm and length 600mm, carry out surface degreasing, rust cleaning, change the thickness that rolls 2.70mm, and smoothing.Alloy powder is prepared, and adopts the method for high pressure gas atomizing to produce the Pot metal powder, and the particle diameter of Pot metal powder meets :-100 orders～+ 150 order content are 0.0%;-150 orders～+ 250 order content are 17.4%;-250 orders～+ 325 order content are 33.5%;-325 orders～+ 400 order content are 23.2%.-400 order content are 25.9%; The chemical composition of powder by weight percentage; plumbous 24%; tin 1.1%; zinc 0.8%; other impurity content summation is no more than 0.5%, and surplus is that the alloy powder of copper is layered on the steel plate of having handled well uniformly, and is placed on to be connected with and carries out sintering in restitutive protection's atmosphere sintering furnace; remaining production technology is with embodiment 1, and finished product metallographic testing result meets 1 grade of the standard of national GB/T281-1999 regulation metallographic.
Embodiment 3
Target production material specification is: gross thickness 5.0 * alloy width 140mm, alloy thickness is 1.5mm, copper-lead-steel composite bimetallic bearing material sheet material.
Select the Fine Steel Casting iron structural steel and iron of the SS400 trade mark, steel plate shearing is become the billot of width 146mm and length 650mm, carry out surface degreasing, rust cleaning, change and be rolled to 3.50mm thickness, and smoothing.Alloy powder is prepared, and adopts the method for high pressure gas atomizing to produce the Pot metal powder, and the particle diameter of Pot metal powder meets :-100 orders～+ 150 order content are 0.1%;-150 orders～+ 250 order content are 17.8%;-250 orders～+ 325 order content are 33.1%;-325 orders～+ 400 order content are 23.5%.-400 order content are 25.5%; The chemical composition of powder by weight percentage; plumbous 23.5%; tin 1.5%; zinc 0.2%; other impurity content summation is no more than 0.5%, and surplus is that the alloy powder of copper is layered on the steel plate of having handled well uniformly, and is placed on to be connected with and carries out sintering in restitutive protection's atmosphere sintering furnace; remaining production technology is with embodiment 1, and finished product metallographic testing result meets 1 grade of the standard of national GB/T281-1999 regulation metallographic.
Claims (10)
1. Pot metal powder, it is characterized in that: the granularmetric composition of described Pot metal powder is :-100 orders～+ 150 purpose content of powder are 0～0.2%;-150 orders～+ 250 purpose content of powder are 15～18%;-250 orders～+ 325 purpose content of powder are 32～35%;-325 orders～+ 400 purpose content of powder are 20～24%;-400 purpose content of powder are 22.8～33%, and above percentage all is weight percentage.
2. Pot metal powder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Pot metal powder makes by water atomization or aerosolization method of granulating.
3. Pot metal powder as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described Pot metal powder is spherical or the ellipsoid shape.
4. Pot metal powder as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: in the described Pot metal powder, lead is 20～26%, tin is 1～2%, and zinc is 0～1%, and copper is 70.5～79%, other impurity content summation is no more than 0.5%, and above each percentage all is weight percentage.
5. method that improves the powder sintered Pot metal metallographic structure of Pot metal is characterized in that comprising the following step:
(1) uses power spreading device, through on the pretreated carbon steel material, be paved with equably such as each described Pot metal powder of claim 1～4;
(2) under restitutive protection's atmosphere, in sintering furnace, carry out sintering, 760～870 ℃ of sintering temperatures, sintering time 10～80 minutes;
(3) blooming and levelling: the material behind the first sintering is carried out cold rolling at cold-rolling mill, be rolling to the predefined thickness by the technological requirement design;
(4) under restitutive protection's atmosphere, in sintering furnace, again carry out sintering, sintering temperature is 850～960 ℃, the time is 15～80 minutes;
(5) finish rolling and levelling: again carry out finish rolling at cold-rolling mill through the material behind the sintering again, be rolling to the predefined thickness by the technological requirement design.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: described carbon steel material is low-carbon (LC) Fine Steel Casting iron steel plate.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: the carbon content of described low-carbon (LC) Fine Steel Casting iron is less than or equal to 0.25%.
8. method as claimed in claim 5; it is characterized in that: in step (2) or the step (4); the gaseous mixture protective atmosphere that described restitutive protection's atmosphere is hydrogen, decomposed ammonia or hydrogen and nitrogen; in the gaseous mixture protective atmosphere of described hydrogen and nitrogen, the mixed proportion of hydrogen and nitrogen is hydrogen: nitrogen is 5%～95%: 95%～5%.
9. method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: in step (2) or (4), described sintering furnace is net belt type continuous fritting furnace or Automatic continuous sintering furnace.
10. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: in step (3) or (5), rolling accuracy is controlled at ± 0.01mm.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN104148634A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2014-11-19 | 韩建 | Self-lubricating bearing plate sintering method and plate containing frame used in method |
| CN104148635A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2014-11-19 | 韩建 | Device for sintering sliding bearing plates |
| CN104148633A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2014-11-19 | 韩建 | Sliding bearing plate sintering method and supporting frame used in method |
| CN104209525A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2014-12-17 | 安徽汉升新金属技术有限公司 | Production technology for copper and lead composite material |
| CN105478518A (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2016-04-13 | 怀宁汉升车辆部件有限公司 | Production technology of steel-copper bimetal composite material for bearing manufacture |
| CN109244686A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2019-01-18 | 合德华厦安防科技有限公司 | A kind of plug and preparation method thereof for earthed system |
| CN112264616A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-01-26 | 武汉科技大学 | Preparation method of CuSnNiP-based copper alloy lubricating friction-resistant material by liquid-phase sintering method |
| CN112626369A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2021-04-09 | 种向东 | Copper alloy powder and water atomization preparation method |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN109244686A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2019-01-18 | 合德华厦安防科技有限公司 | A kind of plug and preparation method thereof for earthed system |
| CN112626369A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2021-04-09 | 种向东 | Copper alloy powder and water atomization preparation method |
| CN112264616A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-01-26 | 武汉科技大学 | Preparation method of CuSnNiP-based copper alloy lubricating friction-resistant material by liquid-phase sintering method |
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