CN105316532A - Manufacturing method for aluminum alloy-steel double metal material used for sliding bearing of multilayer structure - Google Patents
Manufacturing method for aluminum alloy-steel double metal material used for sliding bearing of multilayer structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a manufacturing method for an aluminum alloy-steel double metal material used for a sliding bearing of a multilayer structure. A steel plate with the two faces being roughened and an aluminum tin silicon-aluminum manganese copper alloy plate brushed up are rolled in a composite mode at one time, and an aluminum tin silicon-aluminum manganese copper-steel double metal sliding bearing material panel with the required aggregate thickness is obtained; monotectic alloy of which possible solidification segregation of a low melting point phase is severer than solidification segregation under the earth gravitational field in deposition alloy is prohibited. All technological processes of smelting and rolling are integrated to a production line, and the technological processes are compact. A product has super wear resistance and corrosion resistance, good occlusion-proof performance and carrying ability and high fatigue strength, and the fatigue strength reaches 100 MPa to 120 MPa; the processing method has high application and popularization value and is extremely suitable for being used in middle-speed or high-speed or middle-load main bearings and connecting rod bearings.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the foundry engieering of the B22D metal casting of IPC International Classification of Patents or other materials with same process or equipment, in particular for the aluminium alloy-bimetal copper-steel material manufacture method of multilayered structure sliding surface bearing.
Background technology
Sliding surface bearing (slidingbearing), the bearing worked under sliding friction.Sliding surface bearing stable working, reliable, noiseless.Under liquid lubrication condition, the undeveloped life of the lubricated oil content of sliding surface directly contacts, and can also greatly reduce frictionloss and surface abrasion, oil film also has certain vibration absorption ability.But starting friction resistance is larger.Axle is called axle journal by the part that bearing supports, and the part matched with axle journal is called bearing shell.In order to improve the nature of friction on bearing shell surface and the friction reducing material of casting on the surface is called bearing liner within it.The material of bearing shell and bearing liner is referred to as material for sliding bearing.Sliding surface bearing application scenario is generally under low-speed heave-load working condition, or the running position of maintaining and charging-up lubricant oil difficulty.What occur during sliding surface bearing work is sliding friction; The size of force of rolling friction depends primarily on manufacturing accuracy; And the size of sliding surface bearing frictional force depends primarily on the material of bearing slipping plane.Sliding surface bearing general work face all has self-lubricating function; Sliding surface bearing is divided into nonmetal sliding surface bearing and metal slide bearing according to material.Material for sliding bearing has bearing metal, be again Babbitt metal or white metal, sliding surface bearing antifriction cast iron, copper base and aluminum base alloy, mmaterial, plastics, rubber, hardwood and carbon-graphite, tetrafluoroethylene, as Teflon, PTFE, modified polyacetal POM etc.
It is exactly three layers of composite bearing that metal slide bearing uses maximum at present, and this bearing is all generally be substrate with carbon steel sheet, first sinters one deck spherical copper powder, and then on copper powder layer, sinter the PTFE lubricant of one deck 3mm by sintering technology on steel plate; Wherein, one deck spherical copper powder Main Function is exactly strengthen the bonding strength between steel plate and PTFE, certainly operationally also plays certain carrying and lubrication.
Bearing metal: bearing metal is also known as white metal, the mainly alloy of tin, lead, antimony or other metal, due to its wear-resistant type is good, plasticity is high, running-in characteristic is good, thermal conductivity is good and anticol and property is good and with the excellent adsorption of oil, therefore under being applicable to heavy duty, high-speed case, the intensity of bearing metal is less, price is more expensive, must cast on the bearing shell of bronze, steel band or cast iron during use, forms thinner coating.On the other hand, porous powder metallurgical metal material has porous organization, if be immersed in lubricating oil, make to be full of lubricating oil in micropore, becomes oil bearing, have self-lubricating property.The toughness of Porous metallic substance is little, is only adapted to stably without under shock load and middle or small speed conditions.
Sliding surface bearing is operationally because the contact of axle journal and bearing shell can produce friction, cause surface heat, wearing and tearing even " killing ", so when designing bearing, the material for sliding bearing that antifriction quality should be selected good manufactures bearing shell, proper lubrication agent also adopts suitable Supply Method, improves the structure of bearing to obtain thick-film lubrication etc.
1, tiling corrosion: it is abnormal that spectroscopic analysis finds that there is non-ferrous metal concentration of element; The submicron order wear particle of many non-ferrous components has been there is in spectrum; Lubricating oil Moisture high UCL, acid number exceed standard.
2, journal surface corrosion: spectroscopic analysis finds ferro element concentration abnormality, have the submicron particles of many ferrous components in iron spectrum, lubricating oil Moisture high UCL or acid number exceed standard.
3, journal surface is pulled: have iron system cutting wear particles or black oxidation composition granule in iron spectrum, metallic surface exists tempering color.
4, watt back of the body fretting wear: spectroscopic analysis finds that concentration of iron is abnormal, has many ferrous components submicron wear particles in iron spectrum, and lubricating oil moisture and acid number are extremely.
5, bearing surface is pulled: find that there is cutting wear particles in iron spectrum, abrasive particle composition is non-ferrous metal.
6, tiling peels off: find that there is many large-sized fatigue flake alloy wear particles, stratiform abrasive particle in iron spectrum.
7, Bearing Segment Burning: have more large-sized alloy abrasive particle and black metal oxide in iron spectrum.
8, bearing wear: due to the reason such as metallic character (hardness is high, and deformability is poor) of axle, easily cause the situations such as adhesive wear, abrasive wear, fatigue wear, fretting wear.
Sliding bearing life manufactures, assembling, use closely related, must make each link, Some Enterprises does not strictly carry out antirust treatment by the requirement of cleaning rust-proof code and slushing packaging to the coating machine bearing completed products after the coating machine bearing parts in the course of processing and assembling in the process of producing coating machine bearing.The quality of the rust preventive lubricating oil that Some Enterprises uses aborning, products such as cleaning kerosene etc. does not reach the requirement that Technology specifies.
As comparatively ripe prior art, bearing shell adopts bimetal, and major cause is the different properties utilizing two kinds of metals, makes the strong point in its performance two kinds of metals application.Be exactly briefly the requirement that bimetal watt can reach in ideal, such as hardness, rub proofness, compressive resistance, stretching resistance, erosion resistance etc.
Double metal composite strip, especially the non-ferrous metal composite strip such as steel backing and copper base alloy, aluminum base alloy, lead 2-base alloy, zinc base alloy, it is the broad-spectrum structured material of a class in mechanical manufacturing engineering, its main application is used as bush material, efficient vibration-absorbing material, thermoelastic material and New Building Materials etc., it is widely used in manufacture, boats and ships, aircraft, automobile, instrument and traffic, the most important industrial sectors such as building are a kind of key industries materials.
Morgoil material is widely used in the bearing and axle sleeve that manufacture engine, generator, engineering machinery and household electrical appliance, and it has good fatigue strength and seizure resistance, uses without mating with forged steel and cast-iron crankshaft when overlay coating.But, along with engine is day by day to high speed, high pressure charging, the future development such as light-duty, thus more harsh requirement is proposed to bearing materials.
The technical process of rolling bimetal band is manufactured for band shape continuous casting process in modern industry, powder sintering process and band shape technique for continuous rolling three kinds, band shape continuous casting process is also known as casting-rolling technology, that the casting in of qualified alloy average rate of fusing is preheating on the steel band of assigned temperature, steel band continuous moving, and spray cooling with high flash point thickened oil rapidly, use jet of water cooling twice again, to be bonded in after on steel band until alloy graining, mill the thickness that alloy is unnecessary, and roll conjunction further through milling train, leveling, last continuous coiling becomes bimetal band.The advantage of this technique is that production efficiency is high, alloy and the once-combined shaping of steel band, technical process is comparatively simple, production cost is relatively low, its shortcoming is not suitable for the alloy with strong solidifying segregation tendency, as the plumbous bearing alloy of aluminium etc., the latter's second-phase lead in band shape casting cycle will produce serious gravity segregation phenomenon in the alloy, cause the failure of bimetal band composite manufacturing.Powder sintering process is also known as powder metallurgic method, its technical process divides two kinds, namely shape stoking and bar blocks sintering process is with, technical process with shape stoking method first carries out powder preparation, be divided into again metal-powder hybrid system and alloy powder atomization, by ready steel band or copper facing with becoming bare tape continuous uniform by paving powder machine, the alloy powder of spreading one deck layer to be composite equably in its surface, sinter through pre-burning freezing of a furnace again, rapid cooling, breaking down, second time sintering, after cooling, finish to gauge is to last size, the advantage of this technique effectively to solve alloy proportion segregation problems, production efficiency is high, be applicable to prepare the thinner bimetal band of alloy layer, shortcoming be due to pulverulent bulk sinter time, alloy layer porosity is very high, although through rolling densification, but because hole place fails fully to roll conjunction, the mechanical property of composite alloy layer is relatively low, require that sintering temperature can not higher than the fusing point of component a certain in alloy simultaneously, otherwise low melting point will be sunk when sintering mutually in fusing, cause whole technical process failure.The another kind of technical process of powder metallurgic method is band shape continuous rolling method, main technique principle first uses using powder metallurgy method to prepare alloy stick, alloy rolled material to be composite is first prepared after repeatedly rolling, and then make bimetal band with the spring tape composite rolling of surperficial sanding, in order to increase the interface binding power of alloy and steel band substrate, can increase by an intermediate layer film metal between alloy strip and steel band, to adjust chemistry or the physical compatibility of interface metal layer.What technical process was similar therewith also has bar blocks casting, its key distinction is that the former uses using powder metallurgy method to prepare alloy stick, latter adopts cast panel legal system for alloy stick, the advantage of the latter is that alloy structure is fine and close, good mechanical property, shortcoming is easy to produce solidifying segregation, and powder metallurgy rule is just the opposite, compared with aforementioned strip shape stoking method, advantage with shape continuous rolling method has good alloy mechanical property, and be suitable for preparing the thicker bimetal band of alloy layer, and alloy composition can better adaptability, shortcoming is that technical process is very complicated, especially will through repeatedly process annealing in alloy strip rolling, the composite rolling of final alloy band and steel band needs higher deformation quantity, to ensure the bonding strength at interface, in the technical process of this complexity, as long as there have a ring to control to be improper, all can cause whole technical process failure.Relate art literature discloses less:
Chinese patent CN1334357A discloses a kind of manufacture method of bimetal band with steel substrate, first alloy heat fused to be composite fully pulverized by high pressure gas again and be atomized, cool fast simultaneously, finally will to cool and the atomized flow being in semi liquid state is deposited on the steel band of continuous moving, the steel band being loaded with deposit alloy layer immediately by mill milling to ensure enough interface binding powers, alloy layer thickness and density.
Chinese patent application 201210578191.0 discloses a kind of mfg. moulding die and manufacture method thereof of bimetal composite sliding bearing, comprise patrix (1), counterdie (4), die cavity (2), bearing (3), its manufacture method, it is characterized in that, by cover material in the mass percent preparation of following ingredients, after the described component prepared just is mixed in high-speed mixer, foretell mixing and granulation further at granulating extruder, obtain interior cover material master batch, finally thermal treatment is cured to the bearing of metal injection moulding, obtains finished product.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of aluminium alloy for multilayered structure sliding surface bearing-bimetal copper-steel material manufacture method being matrix with low charcoal carbon steel, to solve the phosphorus gettering series alloy that runs in production process and steel plate rolling compound difficulty is large, phosphorus gettering and the low problem of steel plate bonding strength; Make up the deficiency that prior art aluminum base bearing fatigue of materials intensity is low, anti-seizing property is low, the blank that the aluminum base alloy bimetal bearing material filling up high set mechanical property is produced.
Object of the present invention will be realized by following technical measures: manufacture method comprises the following steps:
1. aluminium tin silicon, is prepared--aluminium mauganin plate;
1) preparation of phosphorus gettering layer; The concrete composition of described phosphorus gettering is: tin (Sn) 5.0%-7.5%, silicon (Si) 3.25%-4.75%, copper (Cu) 0.5%-1.5%, manganese (Mn) 0.15%-0.35%, chromium (Cr) 0.15%-0.35%, aluminium (Al) is surplus, and per-cent is the mass percent that each composition accounts for alloy total amount;
A. the melting of phosphorus gettering: melting aluminum, during temperature of fusion 730-750 DEG C, adds Al-Si, the master alloys such as Al-Cu, Al-Mn, Al-Cr and tin slab, makes phosphorus gettering ingot;
B. phosphorus gettering ingot casting is carried out homogenizing annealing, annealing temperature: 540 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, constant temperature is after 12 hours, colder 10 hours of stove, air cooling of coming out of the stove;
C. by through homogenizing annealing and the phosphorus gettering ingot casting being cooled to room temperature is cold-rolled to 14.0-15.0mm, recrystallization annealing, design temperature: 400 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, constant temperature is after 12 hours, colder 10 hours of stove, air cooling of coming out of the stove;
D. after recrystallization annealing, phosphorus gettering ingot is smoothed through levelling machine, in order to carrying out two-sided composite rolling with aluminium mauganin layer after two-sided hacking;
2) preparation of aluminium mauganin layer; The described concrete composition of aluminium mauganin ingot casting is: copper (Cu) 1.0%-2.5%, manganese (Mn) 0.5%-1.0%, and aluminium (Al) is surplus, and per-cent is the mass percent that each composition accounts for alloy total amount;
A. the melting of aluminium mauganin; Melting aluminum, during temperature of fusion 730-750 DEG C, adds Al-Cu, the master alloys such as Al-Mn and tin slab, makes aluminium mauganin ingot;
B. aluminium mauganin ingot casting is carried out homogenizing annealing, annealing temperature: 540 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, constant temperature is after 12 hours, colder 10 hours of stove, air cooling of coming out of the stove;
C. by through homogenizing annealing and the aluminium mauganin ingot casting point passage being cooled to room temperature is cold-rolled to 1.0-2.0mm and recrystallization annealing, annealing temperature: 400 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, constant temperature is after 12 hours, colder 10 hours of stove, air cooling of coming out of the stove;
E. the aluminium mauganin plate being cold-rolled to 1.0-2.0mm is carried out softening annealing, annealing temperature: 230 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, air cooling of coming out of the stove after constant temperature 5h;
F. aluminium mauganin plate is smoothed through levelling machine, in order to carrying out composite rolling with phosphorus gettering after two-sided hacking;
3) aluminium tin silicon--the preparation of aluminium mauganin layer;
A. the phosphorus gettering after hacking and aluminium mauganin layer are carried out once-combined rolling, once descend rolling unit elongation 30-60%;
B. by the aluminium tin silicon after compound--aluminium mauganin plate carries out homogenizing annealing, annealing temperature: 540 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, constant temperature is after 12 hours, colder 10 hours of stove, air cooling of coming out of the stove;
C. by through homogenizing annealing and be cooled to room temperature aluminium tin silicon--an aluminium mauganin plate point passage is cold-rolled to 2.0-3.0mm and recrystallization annealing, annealing temperature: 400 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, constant temperature is after 12 hours, colder 10 hours of stove, air cooling of coming out of the stove;
2., steel plate is prepared: by Production design processing requirement, by the steel plate after shearing through degreasing and rust removal, then for subsequent use after two-sided hacking;
3.,--aluminium mauganin plate carries out disposable composite rolling to aluminium mauganin--bimetal copper-steel plate compound: by the steel plate after two-sided hacking and the aluminium tin silicon after scratch brushing--to aluminium tin silicon, obtains aluminium tin silicon--aluminium copper-manganese--the bimetal copper-steel material for sliding bearing sheet material of required total thickness; Described aluminium tin silicon--aluminium copper-manganese--steel bimetal bearing material is four-layer structure altogether, the first layer top layer is aluminium copper-manganese layer, alloy thickness 0.03-0.15mm, the second layer is phosphorus gettering layer, alloy thickness 0.3-1.0mm, third layer transition layer is the laminated golden thickness 0.03-0.15mm of aluminium copper-manganese, and the 4th layer of basic unit is low carbon steel layer, and the thickness of steel layer is 0.8-15mm; Wherein, aluminium tin silicon is referred to as the first to three layer--aluminium mauganin layer or anti-attrition layer;
4., finished products: aluminium tin silicon--aluminium copper-manganese--the bimetal copper-steel alloy sheets of having rolled was through 340 DEG C ± 10 DEG C annealing 4.5 ~ 5 hours.
Especially, aluminium tin silicon, aluminium mauganin ingot casting obtain through melting and swage casting; Concrete steps are: according to chemical composition require batching, in intermediate frequency furnace, carry out conventional melting, stokehold detect qualified after, turn and fall holding furnace, melt imports casting ladle by holding furnace, pours into water-cooled swage and solidifies and form, swage specification: 22 × 195 × 700mm by casting ladle
3, ingot casting thickness 22 ± 0.15mm.
Especially, homogenizing annealing preferably temperature is 540 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and constant temperature is after 12 hours, colder 10 hours of stove, air cooling of coming out of the stove.
Especially, the phosphorus gettering ingot recrystallization annealing system being rolled to 14.0-15.0mm is: design temperature: 400 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and constant temperature is after 12 hours, colder 10 hours of stove, air cooling of coming out of the stove.
Especially, the thickness of aluminium mauganin plate is preferably 1.0 ~ 1.2mm, uses after aluminium mauganin scrubbing brush light.
Especially, two-sided composite rolling operates by unit elongation >=30%, is preferably 40-50%.
Especially, will the aluminium tin silicon of 2.0-3.0mm be cold-rolled to--aluminium mauganin plate carries out softening annealing, design temperature 230 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and constant temperature is come out of the stove after 5 hours air cooling; Effectively can increase binding strength, eliminate alloy work hardening.
Especially, steel plate material is tandem rolling soft steel, is preferably the low-carbon (LC) carbon steel of carbon content 0.02%--0.10%, by the conventional degreasing and rust removal in this area before steel plate uses.
Especially, the processing unit elongation of disposable composite rolling is 40-55%, is preferably 45-50%.
Especially, the aluminium mauganin layer of aluminium alloy layer is in the middle of phosphorus gettering layer and steel layer.
Advantage of the present invention and effect: the monotectic alloy that the solidifying segregation that in suppression deposit alloy, low melting point is mutually possible is serious to solidifying segregation under earth gravity field; There is application value widely.Adopt abbreviated system route effectively to simplify prior art, be both beneficial to employing Row control, saved again a large amount of plant and equipments and cost of labor.Integrate melting and the whole technical process of rolling on a production line, technical process is compact, product has fabulous wear resistance, solidity to corrosion, well seizure resistance and supporting capacity, the fatigue strength that tool is high, fatigue resistance reaches 100 ~ 120MPa, is particularly useful for main bearing babbitting jig and the connecting rod bearing of middle and high speed and medium load.
Embodiment
The principle of the invention is, solve aforementioned prior art deficiency and need a kind of bearing metal that can keep the natural characteristics of Sn-Al alloy, there is again more high-fatigue strength and supporting capacity, and aluminium tin silicon--aluminium copper-manganese--hardness that bimetal copper-steel material for sliding bearing tool is higher and intensity, fabulous wear resistance, solidity to corrosion, well seizure resistance and supporting capacity, the fatigue strength that tool is high.Can meet the new demand of contemporary engine to bearing, be the ideal material making middle and high speed and medium load main bearing babbitting jig and connecting rod bearing.
In the present invention, homogenizing annealing effectively eliminates the casting stress of ingot casting, makes the microstructure and composition of alloy be tending towards even simultaneously, put forward heavy alloyed plasticity, be convenient to follow-up rolling, improve alloy lumber recovery, general upper temperature limit must not exceed the temperature of fusion of low melting point eutectic in alloy.Annealing in described 340 DEG C ± 10 DEG C/4.5 ~ 5 hours, effectively can increase the binding strength of steel plate and alloy, eliminates alloy work hardening, obtains desired metallurgical tissue.
On the basis meeting this area general knowledge, the optimum condition of each technical characteristic above-mentioned in the present invention arbitrary combination can obtain preferred embodiments of the present invention.
Multilayer aluminum alloy-bimetal copper-steel material for sliding bearing is obtained by preceding method in the present invention.Agents useful for same and raw material are all commercially.Relevant with the processing unit elongation of the alloy layer thickness needed for steel plate compound tense alloy layer thickness and finished material, steel plate.
The present invention can be further illustrated by the mode of embodiment, but therefore applicant does not limit the present invention among described scope of embodiments.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1: aluminium tin silicon--aluminium copper-manganese--the bimetal copper-steel material for sliding bearing of production material specification 3.0mm × 2.45mm × 102mm; Total thickness is: 3.0mm ± 0.05mm, steel layer thickness are: 2.45mm ± 0.05mm, alloy width are: 102mm ± 0.5mm; Manufacture method comprises the following steps:
1., the preparation of alloy; Alloy according to chemical composition requires:
The concrete composition of phosphorus gettering is: tin (Sn) 5.0%-7.5%, silicon (Si) 3.25%-4.75%, copper (Cu) 0.5%-1.5%, manganese (Mn) 0.15%-0.35%, chromium (Cr) 0.15%-0.35%, aluminium (Al) is surplus, and per-cent is the mass percent that each composition accounts for alloy total amount;
The concrete composition of aluminium mauganin ingot casting is: copper (Cu) 1.0%-2.5%, manganese (Mn) 0.5%-1.0%, and aluminium (Al) is surplus, and per-cent is the mass percent that each composition accounts for alloy total amount;
Swage is cast into ingot casting, ingot casting specification 22mm × 195mm × 700;
Phosphorus gettering, aluminium mauganin ingot casting are carried out homogenizing annealing, and annealing schedule is: design temperature: 540 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, after constant temperature 12h, the colder 10h of stove, air cooling of coming out of the stove;
By through homogenizing annealing and the aluminium mauganin ingot casting being cooled to room temperature carries out cold rolling, a point passage is cold-rolled to 1.0 ± 0.10mm;
By through homogenizing annealing and the phosphorus gettering ingot casting being cooled to room temperature carries out cold rolling, a point passage is cold-rolled to 14.5 ± 0.10mm;
To be rolled to 14.5 ± 0.10mm phosphorus gettering ingot and carry out recrystallization annealing, annealing schedule is: design temperature: 400 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and constant temperature is after 12 hours, colder 10 hours of stove, air cooling of coming out of the stove;
Through the thick 14.5 ± 0.10mm of recrystallization annealing phosphorus gettering ingot through smoothing, be then that the aluminium mauganin plate of 1.0mm carries out two-sided rolling with thickness after two-sided hacking, be complex as aluminium tin silicon--aluminium mauganin plate, is cold-rolled to 3.0 ± 0.1mm by passage;
To the aluminium tin silicon of 3.0 ± 0.1mm be cold-rolled to--aluminium mauganin plate carries out softening annealing, steps back temperature: 230 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and constant temperature is come out of the stove after 5 hours air cooling;
Then distribute passage by the rolling of processing requirement and be cold-rolled to the thickness 1.42mm with steel plate compound tense, tolerance 0-0.05mm; Be cut into specification 1.42mm × 156mm × 1360mm cleaning afterwards for subsequent use;
2., the preparation of steel plate; Select commercially available SPHC soft steel, composition is: carbon (C) 0.050%, manganese (Mn) 0.25%, silicon (Si) 0.010%, phosphorus (P) 0.010%, sulphur (S) 0.013% carries out degreasing and rust removal process, is cut into specification 3.6mm × 158mm × 1500mm;
3., the 1.42mm phosphorus gettering plate wire brush of aforementioned gained is carried out one side scratch brushing; Coarsen treatment is carried out to upper and lower surface respectively in steel plate 120# and 36# abrasive band;
4., Rolling compund: the alloy sheets after scratch brushing is placed on the steel plate after the hacking of 36# abrasive band and feeds milling train, be disposablely rolled to 3.00mm ± 0.05mm, steel plate processing unit elongation 46%;
5., anneal: design temperature 340 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, 4.5 hours constant temperature, air cooling of coming out of the stove;
6., carry out the properties such as chemical composition, hardness, total thickness and steel layer to detect; Shearing, upper slushing oil, packaging.
After testing, finished product phosphorus gettering chemical composition is: tin (Sn) 6.89%, copper (Cu) 0.94%, silicon (Si) 4.05%, manganese (Mn) 0.22%, chromium (Cr) 0.27%, aluminium (Al) is surplus; Finished product aluminium mauganin chemical composition is: copper (Cu) 1.5%, manganese (Mn) 0.65%, and aluminium (Al) is surplus; Aluminium tin silicon--aluminium mauganin hardness 53.2HB, steel backing hardness 196HB, total thickness 3.0 ± 0.05mm, the thick 2.40-2.47mm of steel layer, width 104mm, steel backing surfaceness 0.32um, not stratified when adhesive fastness bends, the slip resistance 82.25N/mm of material
2, the tensile strength 528.0N/mm of steel backing
2, the fatigue strength that DP type hydraulic pressure dynamic load Bearing Fatigue Testing Machine records phosphorus gettering is 112MPa.
In the present embodiment, the two-sided hacking in phosphorus gettering ingot 36# abrasive band, is mingled with to remove surface oxidation, the casting flaw such as crackle, is preferably that 0.75mm is removed in every face.
In the present embodiment, not ftracture as standard time cold rolling by passage, successively decrease by passage.
In the present embodiment, employing steel wire diameter is that the wire brush of 0.2mm carries out scratch brushing, and aluminium mauganin plate surface uniform is silvery white in color, clean, without the bright trace that obviously skids.
In the present embodiment, the two-sided hacking of steel plate requires steel plate non-composite face any surface finish, without rusty stain, without variable color and obvious steel plate defect, steel plate composite surface surface irregularity, even, clean, without any pollution, variable color and open defect, the non-composite face of steel plate is preferably 120# abrasive band hacking, and steel plate composite surface is preferably 36# abrasive band hacking.
In the present embodiment, by aluminium tin silicon after composite rolling-aluminium mauganin plate cleaning before scratch brushing, the greasy dirt be stained with when removing alloy rolling.
The above; be only the present invention's preferably embodiment; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; be equal to according to technical scheme of the present invention and inventive concept thereof and replace or change, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1., for the aluminium alloy-bimetal copper-steel material manufacture method of multilayered structure sliding surface bearing, it is characterized in that, manufacture method comprises the following steps:
1. aluminium tin silicon, is prepared--aluminium mauganin plate;
1) preparation of phosphorus gettering layer; The concrete composition of described phosphorus gettering is: tin (Sn) 5.0%-7.5%, silicon (Si) 3.25%-4.75%, copper (Cu) 0.5%-1.5%, manganese (Mn) 0.15%-0.35%, chromium (Cr) 0.15%-0.35%, aluminium (Al) is surplus, and per-cent is the mass percent that each composition accounts for alloy total amount;
A. the melting of phosphorus gettering: melting aluminum, during temperature of fusion 730-750 DEG C, adds Al-Si, the master alloys such as Al-Cu, Al-Mn, Al-Cr and tin slab, makes phosphorus gettering ingot;
B. phosphorus gettering ingot casting is carried out homogenizing annealing, annealing temperature: 540 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, constant temperature is after 12 hours, colder 10 hours of stove, air cooling of coming out of the stove;
C. by through homogenizing annealing and the phosphorus gettering ingot casting being cooled to room temperature is cold-rolled to 14.0-15.0mm, recrystallization annealing, design temperature: 400 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, constant temperature is after 12 hours, colder 10 hours of stove, air cooling of coming out of the stove;
D. after recrystallization annealing, phosphorus gettering ingot is smoothed through levelling machine, in order to carrying out two-sided composite rolling with aluminium mauganin layer after two-sided hacking;
2) preparation of aluminium mauganin layer; The described concrete composition of aluminium mauganin ingot casting is: copper (Cu) 1.0%-2.5%, manganese (Mn) 0.5%-1.0%, and aluminium (Al) is surplus, and per-cent is the mass percent that each composition accounts for alloy total amount;
A. the melting of aluminium mauganin; Melting aluminum, during temperature of fusion 730-750 DEG C, adds Al-Cu, the master alloys such as Al-Mn and tin slab, makes aluminium mauganin ingot;
B. aluminium mauganin ingot casting is carried out homogenizing annealing, annealing temperature: 540 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, constant temperature is after 12 hours, colder 10 hours of stove, air cooling of coming out of the stove;
C. by through homogenizing annealing and the aluminium mauganin ingot casting point passage being cooled to room temperature is cold-rolled to 1.0-2.0mm and recrystallization annealing, annealing temperature: 400 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, constant temperature is after 12 hours, colder 10 hours of stove, air cooling of coming out of the stove;
E. the aluminium mauganin plate being cold-rolled to 1.0-2.0mm is carried out softening annealing, annealing temperature: 230 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, air cooling of coming out of the stove after constant temperature 5h;
F. aluminium mauganin plate is smoothed through levelling machine, in order to carrying out composite rolling with phosphorus gettering after two-sided hacking;
3) aluminium tin silicon--the preparation of aluminium mauganin layer;
A. the phosphorus gettering after hacking and aluminium mauganin layer are carried out once-combined rolling, once descend rolling unit elongation 30-60%;
B. by the aluminium tin silicon after compound--aluminium mauganin plate carries out homogenizing annealing, annealing temperature: 540 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, constant temperature is after 12 hours, colder 10 hours of stove, air cooling of coming out of the stove;
C. by through homogenizing annealing and be cooled to room temperature aluminium tin silicon--an aluminium mauganin plate point passage is cold-rolled to 2.0-3.0mm and recrystallization annealing, annealing temperature: 400 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, constant temperature is after 12 hours, colder 10 hours of stove, air cooling of coming out of the stove;
2., steel plate is prepared: by Production design processing requirement, by the steel plate after shearing through degreasing and rust removal, then for subsequent use after two-sided hacking;
3.,--aluminium mauganin plate carries out disposable composite rolling to aluminium mauganin--bimetal copper-steel plate compound: by the steel plate after two-sided hacking and the aluminium tin silicon after scratch brushing--to aluminium tin silicon, aluminium tin silicon--aluminium copper-manganese--the bimetal copper-steel material for sliding bearing sheet material of required total thickness before obtaining finish rolling; Described aluminium tin silicon--aluminium copper-manganese--steel bimetal bearing material is four-layer structure altogether, the first layer top layer is aluminium copper-manganese layer, alloy thickness 0.03-0.15mm, the second layer is phosphorus gettering layer, alloy thickness 0.3-1.0mm, third layer transition layer is the laminated golden thickness 0.03-0.15mm of aluminium copper-manganese, and the 4th layer of basic unit is low carbon steel layer, and the thickness of steel layer is 0.8-15mm; Wherein, aluminium tin silicon is referred to as the first to three layer--aluminium mauganin layer or anti-attrition layer;
4., finished products: aluminium tin silicon--aluminium copper-manganese--the bimetal copper-steel alloy sheets of having rolled was through 340 DEG C ± 10 DEG C annealing 4.5 ~ 5 hours.
2. as claimed in claim 1 for the aluminium alloy-bimetal copper-steel material manufacture method of multilayered structure sliding surface bearing, it is characterized in that, aluminium tin silicon, aluminium mauganin ingot casting obtain through melting and swage casting; Concrete steps are: according to chemical composition require batching, in intermediate frequency furnace, carry out conventional melting, stokehold detect qualified after, turn and fall holding furnace, melt imports casting ladle by holding furnace, pours into water-cooled swage and solidifies and form, swage specification: 22 × 195 × 700mm by casting ladle
3, ingot casting thickness 22 ± 0.15mm.
3. as claimed in claim 1 for the aluminium alloy-bimetal copper-steel material manufacture method of multilayered structure sliding surface bearing, it is characterized in that, homogenizing annealing preferably temperature is 540 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and constant temperature is after 12 hours, colder 10 hours of stove, air cooling of coming out of the stove.
4. as claimed in claim 1 for the aluminium alloy-bimetal copper-steel material manufacture method of multilayered structure sliding surface bearing, it is characterized in that, the phosphorus gettering ingot recrystallization annealing system being rolled to 14.0-15.0mm is: design temperature: 400 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, constant temperature is after 12 hours, cold 10 hours of stove again, air cooling of coming out of the stove.
5., as claimed in claim 1 for the aluminium alloy-bimetal copper-steel material manufacture method of multilayered structure sliding surface bearing, it is characterized in that, the thickness of aluminium mauganin plate is preferably 1.0 ~ 1.2mm, uses after aluminium mauganin scrubbing brush light.
6., as claimed in claim 1 for the aluminium alloy-bimetal copper-steel material manufacture method of multilayered structure sliding surface bearing, it is characterized in that, two-sided composite rolling operates by unit elongation >=30%, is preferably 40-50%.
7. as claimed in claim 1 for the aluminium alloy-bimetal copper-steel material manufacture method of multilayered structure sliding surface bearing, it is characterized in that, to the aluminium tin silicon of 2.0-3.0mm be cold-rolled to--aluminium mauganin plate carries out softening annealing, design temperature 230 DEG C ± 10 DEG C, and constant temperature is come out of the stove after 5 hours air cooling; Effectively can increase binding strength, eliminate alloy work hardening.
8. as claimed in claim 1 for the aluminium alloy-bimetal copper-steel material manufacture method of multilayered structure sliding surface bearing, it is characterized in that, steel plate material is tandem rolling soft steel, is preferably the low-carbon (LC) carbon steel of carbon content 0.02%--0.10%, by the conventional degreasing and rust removal in this area before steel plate uses.
9., as claimed in claim 1 for the aluminium alloy-bimetal copper-steel material manufacture method of multilayered structure sliding surface bearing, it is characterized in that, the processing unit elongation of disposable composite rolling is 40-55%, is preferably 45-50%.
10., as claimed in claim 1 for the aluminium alloy-bimetal copper-steel material manufacture method of multilayered structure sliding surface bearing, it is characterized in that, the aluminium mauganin layer of aluminium alloy layer is in the middle of phosphorus gettering layer and steel layer.
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| CN114921692B (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2023-03-10 | 江苏中色复合材料有限公司 | Production method of high-strength wear-resistant titanium-aluminum-tin composite material capable of efficiently blocking tin exudation |
| CN115505793A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-12-23 | 四川双飞虹精密部件有限公司 | Bearing bush composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115584414A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2023-01-10 | 四川双飞虹精密部件有限公司 | High-hardness wear-resistant bearing bush material and preparation method thereof |
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