CN102930906A - Nuclear reactor sandwich containment - Google Patents
Nuclear reactor sandwich containment Download PDFInfo
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- CN102930906A CN102930906A CN2012104364296A CN201210436429A CN102930906A CN 102930906 A CN102930906 A CN 102930906A CN 2012104364296 A CN2012104364296 A CN 2012104364296A CN 201210436429 A CN201210436429 A CN 201210436429A CN 102930906 A CN102930906 A CN 102930906A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nuclear reactor sandwich containment. The nuclear reactor sandwich containment comprises a steel lining plate, a reinforced concrete casing, a steel outer cover plate and pulling tie parts, the upper portion of the section of the containment is in a ball arch and sealed cylindrical structure, the steel lining plate and the steel outer cover plate are arranged on inner wall and outer wall of the containment respectively, the reinforced concrete casing is disposed between the steel lining plate and the steel outer cover plate, a penetrating piece prepared hole is arranged at an adaptive position of the reinforced concrete casing, the pulling tie parts are used for pulling and tying the steel lining plate and the steel outer cover plate, and the pulling tie parts in different rows or layers are mutually distributed in a staggered mode. The nuclear reactor sandwich containment has the advantages that the building cost is low, the steel lining plate and the steel outer cover plate can serve as templates for pouring construction of the reinforced concrete casing, the construction is simple, economical and rapid, the steel lining plate, the reinforced concrete casing and the steel outer cover plate can cooperatively work, the structural integrity of the nuclear reactor containment under the working condition of design basis accidents and serious accidents can be guaranteed, and the leakage rate can not exceed specified maximum leakage rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of is to prevent the nuclear reactor closed container that radiomaterial escapes when moving or having an accident, and particularly relates to a kind of building enclosure sandwich containment of nuclear reactor of reactor building.
Background technology
The U.S. utilizes nuclear energy power generation first from Dec nineteen fifty-one, in June, 1954 Soviet Union's First nuclear power plant first since the grid transmission, the passed by course of over half a century of nuclear power.After the process tentative developing stage of initial more than ten years, it is ripe that nuclear power technology is tending towards, and cost of electricity-generating declines to a great extent, and some national nuclear power cost is own through being lower than conventional thermoelectricity.Along with the global economic recession that world oil crisis causes, make people recognize that more nuclear power is ensureing energy supply and stabilizing vital role aspect the energy market price volalility that nuclear power enters the stage of developing rapidly thus.
According to statistics, there are 201 nuclear power plants in the whole world at present, has 442 nuclear reactor units that operating, and is distributed in 31 countries.Wherein, the U.S., France, the Japan that come front three just have respectively 104,58 and 55 block responses heap unit, have accounted for the half of the country of global response heap unit sum.Account for the proportion of electric power supply from nuclear power, global range accounts for 16%, and in Europe, the proportion of nuclear power can reach 34%.France is as nuclear power development and use big country, and nuclear power accounts for 80% of gross generation, makes France can not follow the track of an overturned cart that last century, twice oil crisis caused domestic economy to get a hard knock because of serious dependence petroleum import the period again.
For preventing the nuclear reactor closed container that radiomaterial escapes when moving or having an accident, also claim the reactor protection shell.Can discharge in a large number radiomaterial when nuclear power plant reactor has an accident, containment can prevent radiomaterial diffuse pollution surrounding environment as last one nuclear safety barrier.Simultaneously, also often double as the building enclosure of reactor building, protective reaction heaping equipment system avoids extraneous adverse effect, and it is the huge special container structure of a kind of figure.
Containment is divided into individual layer and double shells by structure.The internal layer of double shells is called main containment, mainly bears accident pressure, and skin is called secondary containment, plays biological shielding and protective effect; Leave toroidal cavity between two-layer, can keep certain negative pressure, make the radiomaterial of nuclear power station inside be difficult for leaking to the external world.Containment can be divided into three kinds of steel, reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete by material.
Metal containment: first containment is that the Knowles nuclear power testing laboratory that nineteen fifty-three, you paused at U.S.'s sago builds up in the world.But then be in the later stage fifties for the containment of Practical, first nuclear power station is put into commercial operation and the sphere and the cylindrical shape metal containment that occur in the world, and size is less.Since the sixties, along with the raising of reactor capability, internal diameter occurred and surpassed 30 meters cylindrical shape containment.The seventies, in order to adapt to the technology arrangement of high-power nuclear power station, sphere diameter occurred and reached steel ball shell about 60 meters.In order to avoid post weld heat treatment as far as possible, wall thickness all is controlled in 38 millimeters usually.Metal containment is built in the secondary containment of the concrete that is separated with it the inside generally with the containment of deciding.The metal containment size of boiling-water reactor is slightly less than presurized water reactor, mostly is spherical shell and adds a bit of barrel shell, is " flask " type.Because the technique comparative maturity, metal containment is still adopted in a large number at present.
Reinforced concrete containment: in order to reduce the cost of metal containment, the beginning of the sixties, the U.S. at first adopted the reinforced concrete single barrier containment with thin carbon steel liner, and it is comprised of cylinder cover and the spherical top of internal diameter above 30 meters.The containment size of boiling-water reactor nuclear power station is less, and shape is comparatively complicated, and barrel mostly is the unitized construction of conical shell and cylinder cover.In order to bear the effect of accident pressure and temperature, reinforced concrete containment must adopt the very close bar reinforcement of arrangement.Though the surface of this shell is easy to crack, because it is both economical, still be used at present.
Prestressed concrete containment vessel: the mid-1960s at first is applied to the EL4 nuclear power station of France, promotes rapidly and to some extent development in states such as the U.S., Canada thereafter.Roughly experienced three phases: 1. the characteristics of first generation prestressed concrete containment vessel are to adopt flat dome, Shu Youliu counterfort anchoring of barrel ring orientation prestress steel, and the ultimate bearing capacity of used steel bundle is lower, and the compressive pre-stress that barrel applies is higher.2. the second generation also adopts flat dome, but the barrel counterfort reduces to three, and the bearing capacity of single steel bundle increases and is twice, owing to give full play to the effect of regular reinforcement, the compressive pre-stress of barrel decreases.3. the third generation then changes flat dome into spherical top, has saved traditional ring beam, has improved the stress performance of containment structure.The prestressed strand of dome also integrates with the vertical steel bundle of barrel, thereby more more economical rationally than the second generation.The country that has at present also exploring than the more advanced version of third generation prestress containment, reduces to two to hoop anchoring counterfort, to improve stress performance and to reduce total steel bundle number.The country that has is stepping up to study the new model such as unlined prestress double containment, in the hope of rational effect more economically.In the prestress containment, the accident compressive load is to be born by a large amount of two dimension prestressing steel bundles, and therefore, containment structure brittle rupture can not occur, and design pressure also can be unrestricted, and is stressed more safe and reliable.In addition, many containments also adopt the prestress reinforcement that is not in the milk without bonding, are convenient to the replacing that prestressed strand is done regular inspection and mended stretch-draw and make necessity.Therefore after the seventies, in building, the light water reactor of countries in the world and heavy water reactor power station generally adopt
The major function of containment is the leakage that prevents and control radiomaterial.When design at first should consider that reactor has an accident, interior pressure and temperature variation that cooling medium is escaped and caused.In addition, also should take into account the accidental impact such as the unfavorable factor in dead load, live load, snow load, construction loads and the various external worlds such as impact, aviation accident collision or the chemical plant blast of earthquake, wind spout and other missiles.
Because reactor coolant is with extremely strong radioactivity, so also must strictly limit the slip by containment.Leakage rate in the general provision 24 hours under design accident pressure is no more than 0.1～0.5% of Containment free volume air gross weight.Therefore, for hundreds of various penetration pieces and shell structure on the containment itself, good seal approach must be arranged.To reinforced concrete or prestressed concrete single barrier containment, all need adopt the intact liner sheet of globality to guarantee the impermeability of containment.Most of linings adopt thin carbon steel sheet.Liner sheet should be anchored on the concrete-shell body wall reliably, and inside surface should scribble anticorrosive coat.
In order to satisfy the requirement of radioactive shield, the barrel of containment is thicker, and the pressure that whole reactor building acts on the ground can reach more than 0.5 MPa, thereby must select good ground.
According to safety requirements, in containment design, must be noted that integrality and the reliability of shell structure.Except adopting strict reliably calculating means, also all strict quality control to be arranged to the aspects such as material, making and check of containment.
At present the containment vessel of research and development has China Patent No. 03143620.X to disclose a kind of name to be called " nuclear reactor safety shell " patent of invention; China Patent No. 200810178083.8 discloses the patent of invention that a kind of name is called " nuclear reactor safety shell and used its Nuclear Power Plant "; China Patent No. 201080037657.5 discloses the patent of invention that a kind of name is called " containment vessel and use its nuclear facilities ".
Can discharge a large amount of radiomaterials when nuclear power plant's reactor has an accident, the nuclear reactor safety shell can effectively contain radiomaterial and radiation-screening.Therefore under any design basis accident and major accident operating mode, all must guarantee the structural intergrity of nuclear reactor safety shell, and guarantee that its slip is no more than the maximum leakage rate of regulation.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the technical matters of above-mentioned existence, purpose is to provide a kind of cost that can effectively reduce the nuclear reactor safety shell, and can guarantee the structural intergrity of nuclear reactor safety shell under any design basis accident and major accident operating mode, and guarantee that its slip is no more than the sandwich containment of nuclear reactor of the maximum leakage rate of regulation.
The technical scheme of technical solution problem of the present invention is to achieve these goals:
The sandwich containment of nuclear reactor comprises: steel lining plate, reinforced concrete shell, steel outside jacket plates and tension member, its cross section are the containment that top is the closed tube shape structure of ball collar shape, and its inside and outside wall is respectively steel lining plate and steel outside jacket plates; Be provided with reinforced concrete shell between steel lining plate and steel outside jacket plates, the adapting position of reinforced concrete shell is provided with the penetration piece preformed hole; Adopt tension member drawknot steel lining plate and steel outside jacket plates, and the interlaced layout of tension member of different row or layer.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantages and effect:
The present invention is owing to adopt housing that the penetration piece preformed hole is set.The cost of nuclear reactor safety shell can be significantly reduced like this, and structural integrity and the impermeability of nuclear reactor safety shell can be guaranteed.Adopt tension member drawknot steel lining plate and steel outside jacket plates, the different rows' of the tension member on the barrel of the sandwich containment of nuclear reactor tension member is interlaced, forms the plum blossom-shaped layout; Each row of the spherical crown wall tension member of the sandwich containment of nuclear reactor is staggered mutually.Can effectively guarantee steel lining plate, reinforced concrete shell and steel outside jacket plates three collaborative work, be conducive to guarantee globality and the impermeability of nuclear reactor safety shell.
The cost of the sandwich containment of nuclear reactor of the present invention is low, and steel lining plate and steel outside jacket plates can be used as the template of reinforced concrete shell pouring construction, makes construction simple, economical, quick.Steel lining plate, reinforced concrete shell and steel outside jacket plates can act synergistically, and can guarantee the structural intergrity of nuclear reactor safety shell under design basis accident and the major accident operating mode, and guarantee that its slip is no more than the maximum leakage rate of regulation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the sandwich containment of nuclear reactor of the present invention shows and partly cuts open structural representation;
Fig. 2 is that the sandwich containment barrel of nuclear reactor of the present invention tension member is arranged the expansion synoptic diagram;
Fig. 3 is that the sandwich containment spherical crown of nuclear reactor of the present invention wall tension member is arranged the expansion synoptic diagram.
Among the figure, steel lining plate 1, reinforced concrete shell 2, steel outside jacket plates 3, tension member 4, penetration piece preformed hole 5.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is further elaborated, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited by specific embodiment, is as the criterion with claims.In addition, with under the prerequisite of technical solution of the present invention, any change or change that those of ordinary skills that the present invention is done realize easily all will fall within the claim scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
The sandwich containment of nuclear reactor as shown in Figure 1, steel lining plate 1, reinforced concrete shell 2, steel outside jacket plates 3, tension member 4 and penetration piece preformed hole 5.The cross section is the containment that top is the closed tube shape structure of ball collar shape, and its inside and outside wall is respectively steel lining plate 1 and steel outside jacket plates 3; Be provided with reinforced concrete shell 2 between steel lining plate 1 and steel outside jacket plates 3, the adapting position of reinforced concrete shell 2 is provided with penetration piece preformed hole 5; Adopt tension member 4 drawknot steel lining plate 1 and steel outside jacket plates 3.The sandwich containment barrel of nuclear reactor of the present invention tension member is as shown in Figure 2 arranged and is launched synoptic diagram, its different rows' tension member 4 interlaced layouts; The sandwich containment spherical crown of nuclear reactor of the present invention wall tension member as shown in Figure 3 arranges and launches synoptic diagram that 4 one-tenth plum blossom-shapeds of its tension member are arranged, and every layer tension member 4 interlaced layouts.
The concrete steel lining plate of making, in the position perforate of penetration piece preformed hole, and the welding tension member.Cableway is made the steel outside jacket plates, the welding tension member, and reserve the building mouthful of some, exhausr port and the gathering hole that vibrates.Casting concrete, welded closure is built mouthful according to building highly progressively, exhausr port and the gathering hole that vibrates.
Claims (1)
1. the sandwich containment of nuclear reactor, comprise: steel lining plate (1), reinforced concrete shell (2), steel outside jacket plates (3) and tension member (4), it is characterized in that: the cross section is the containment that top is the closed tube shape structure of ball collar shape, and its inside and outside wall is respectively steel lining plate (1) and steel outside jacket plates (3); Be provided with reinforced concrete shell (2) between steel lining plate (1) and steel outside jacket plates (3), the adapting position of reinforced concrete shell (2) is provided with penetration piece preformed hole (5); Adopt tension member (4) drawknot steel lining plate (1) and steel outside jacket plates (3), and the interlaced layout of tension member (4) of different row or layer.
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| CN2012104364296A CN102930906A (en) | 2012-11-06 | 2012-11-06 | Nuclear reactor sandwich containment |
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| CN2012104364296A CN102930906A (en) | 2012-11-06 | 2012-11-06 | Nuclear reactor sandwich containment |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104916333A (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2015-09-16 | 上海核工程研究设计院 | Novel triple containment for coping with severe accidents |
| CN107170489A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-09-15 | 四川行之智汇知识产权运营有限公司 | The prestress pipe arrangement of reactor concrete containment |
| CN107170488A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-09-15 | 四川行之智汇知识产权运营有限公司 | A kind of skeleton to be poured of concrete containment |
| CN108766595A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-11-06 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | External prestressing-steel concrete composite structure Nuclear containment new structure |
| CN109344428A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2019-02-15 | 中电投电力工程有限公司 | A kind of advanced small-sized nuclear reactor power plant siting source term Model Calculating Method |
| CN110148479A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-08-20 | 张延林 | Nuclear power plant reactor explosion-protection equipment |
| CN111576950A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-08-25 | 中核能源科技有限公司 | Reactor single-layer containment vessel and construction method thereof |
| CN112863707A (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2021-05-28 | 同济大学 | Sandwich type containment structure suitable for serious safety accident |
| CN116905813A (en) * | 2023-07-17 | 2023-10-20 | 中冶检测认证有限公司 | Inverted U-shaped prestress steel beam pouring system and method for containment vessel of nuclear power station |
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Patent Citations (5)
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104916333A (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2015-09-16 | 上海核工程研究设计院 | Novel triple containment for coping with severe accidents |
| CN104916333B (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2017-05-17 | 上海核工程研究设计院 | Novel triple containment for coping with severe accidents |
| CN107170489A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-09-15 | 四川行之智汇知识产权运营有限公司 | The prestress pipe arrangement of reactor concrete containment |
| CN107170488A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-09-15 | 四川行之智汇知识产权运营有限公司 | A kind of skeleton to be poured of concrete containment |
| CN108766595A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-11-06 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | External prestressing-steel concrete composite structure Nuclear containment new structure |
| CN109344428A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2019-02-15 | 中电投电力工程有限公司 | A kind of advanced small-sized nuclear reactor power plant siting source term Model Calculating Method |
| CN109344428B (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2023-08-15 | 上海能源科技发展有限公司 | Site selection source model calculation method for advanced small nuclear reactor power plant |
| CN110148479A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-08-20 | 张延林 | Nuclear power plant reactor explosion-protection equipment |
| CN111576950A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-08-25 | 中核能源科技有限公司 | Reactor single-layer containment vessel and construction method thereof |
| CN112863707A (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2021-05-28 | 同济大学 | Sandwich type containment structure suitable for serious safety accident |
| CN116905813A (en) * | 2023-07-17 | 2023-10-20 | 中冶检测认证有限公司 | Inverted U-shaped prestress steel beam pouring system and method for containment vessel of nuclear power station |
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Application publication date: 20130213 |