Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the less defective of carbon fibre composite interlaminar shear strength made from existing carbon fiber sizing agent, primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent, sizing agent of the present invention can greatly improve the interlaminar shear strength of carbon fibre composite, guarantees that carbon fibre composite has higher overall performance.
The emulsion type carbon fiber that another object of the present invention is to provide above-mentioned is with the preparation method of sizing agent.
A further object of the present invention is the emulsion type carbon fiber that the provides above-mentioned purposes of sizing agent.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent, its raw materials comprises the composition of following mass percent:
Epoxy resin: 2-40%
Carbonic acid ester: 1-20%
Water: 0-96.5%
Surfactant: 0.5-15%.
Described epoxy resin refers to contain in the molecule compound of at least one epoxy radicals, a kind of in preferred bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol f type epoxy resin or the novolac epoxy resin.
Described carbonic acid ester refers to carbonic acid (H
2CO
3) two hydroxyls in the molecule (compound after the hydrogen atom OH) is partly or entirely replaced by alkyl (R, R '), its structure is suc as formula shown in I or the formula II; The preferred dimethyl carbonate of described carbonic acid ester and/or diphenyl carbonate.
Surfactant is the effect of playing emulsification, and described surfactant is anion surfactant and/or non-ionic surface active agent;
Described anion surfactant is organic ammonium (ammonia) salt and/or aminated compounds, and it contains suc as formula 1, the hydrophobic grouping shown in formula 2, formula 3 or the formula 4:
In formula 1, formula 2, formula 3 and the formula 4, R
1, R
2, R
3Be H or C
1-C
3The chain alkyl; R
4Be the divalent aliphatic alkyl; M is 1~3 integer.
Described non-ionic surface active agent is the polyalkylene oxide Addition on ethylene thing of senior alcohol ether type, the polyalkylene oxide Addition on ethylene thing of higher fatty acids type, polyalkylene oxide Addition on ethylene thing or the PO/EO block type polyethers of alkyl phenyl ether type, preferred polyethylene oxide alkyl ethers, polyethylene glycol oxide alkyl phenylate, polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, polyethylene glycol oxide aliphatic acid amino ethers, polyol fatty acid ester, polyethylene glycol oxide polyol fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty ester, alkylolamides or polyoxygenated alkyl block virtue polymers.
The above-mentioned emulsion type carbon fiber preparation method of sizing agent may further comprise the steps:
Get surfactant and be added to the water, stir evenly; Add again epoxy resin, carbonic acid ester, stir 60-100min under the 500-1000r/min; Then under 5000-10000r/min, stir emulsification pretreatment 15-35min; Under 500-1000r/min, stir 15-25min at last, obtain the emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent;
Above operation all is to carry out under 40-80 ℃.
Above-mentioned emulsion type carbon fiber can be used in the carbon fibre composite with sizing agent, connects carbon fiber and resin matrix as transition zone.
A kind of carbon fiber contains above-mentioned emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent, and emulsion type carbon fiber is the 0.1-5% of carbon fiber gross mass with the quality of sizing agent.
A kind of carbon fibre composite contains above-mentioned carbon fiber;
Described carbon fibre composite optimization polycarbonate resin-based carbon fiber composite.
The present invention has following advantage and effect with respect to prior art:
With the carbon fiber after the sizing agent starching of the present invention, after making carbon fiber Merlon (PC) based composites, owing to containing carbonic acid ester in the sizing agent, these carbonic acid esters have similar or identical construction unit with matrix resin Merlon in the carbon fibre composite, thereby between carbon fiber and the sizing agent layer and between sizing agent layer and the thermoplasticity PC matrix resin stronger interface binding power is arranged all, carbon fiber is combined with thermoplasticity PC matrix resin effectively by sizing agent transition articulamentum, formed an organic whole, improved more than 20% with respect to existing its interlaminar shear strength of carbon fibre composite, guaranteed that carbon fibre composite has higher overall performance.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
A kind of emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent is prepared by following steps:
The surfactant of 0.5g (Japanese emulsifying agent company/Nikon you 707-SF) is added in the deionized water of 96.5g, and agitation as appropriate mixes it; Add the bisphenol A type epoxy resin of 2g, the dimethyl carbonate of 1g, the rotating speed with 1000r/min under 40 ℃ stirs 100min again; Then under 40 ℃ with the rotating speed high speed shear emulsification 35min of 10000r/min; Rotating speed with 1000r/min stirs 25min under 40 ℃ at last, namely gets the emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent.
The structure of surfactant is as follows:
Japan emulsifying agent company/Nikon that 707-SF
Embodiment 2
A kind of emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent is prepared by following steps:
With the surfactant of 1.5g (0.75g mitsubishi rayon/BPEO20SON, 0.75g mitsubishi rayon/SPEO120SON) add in the deionized water of 91g, agitation as appropriate mixes it; Add the bisphenol f type epoxy resin of 5g, the diphenyl carbonate of 2.5g, the rotating speed with 750r/min under 60 ℃ stirs 80min again; Then under 60 ℃ with the rotating speed high speed shear emulsification 25min of 7500r/min; Rotating speed with 750r/min stirs 20min under 60 ℃ at last, namely gets the emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent.
The structure of surfactant is as follows:
Mitsubishi rayon/BPEO20SON
Mitsubishi rayon/SPEO120SON
Embodiment 3
A kind of emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent is prepared by following steps:
The surfactant (1.5g polyethylene oxide alkyl ethers, 2.0g polyethylene glycol oxide alkyl phenylate) of 3.5g is added in the deionized water of 81.5g, and agitation as appropriate mixes it; Add the novolac epoxy resin of 10g, the carbonic acid ester of 5g (2.5g dimethyl carbonate, 2.5g diphenyl carbonate), the rotating speed with 500r/min under 60 ℃ stirs 60min again; Then under 60 ℃ with the rotating speed high speed shear emulsification 15min of 5000r/min; Rotating speed with 500r/min stirs 15min under 60 ℃ at last, namely gets the emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent.
Embodiment 4
A kind of emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent is prepared by following steps:
The surfactant (4g polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, 4g polyethylene glycol oxide aliphatic acid amino ethers) of 8.0g is added in the deionized water of 62g, and agitation as appropriate mixes it; Add the bisphenol A type epoxy resin of 20g, the diphenyl carbonate of 10g, the rotating speed with 500r/min under 80 ℃ stirs 60min again; Then under 80 ℃ with the rotating speed high speed shear emulsification 15min of 5000r/min; Rotating speed with 500r/min stirs 15min under 80 ℃ at last, namely gets the emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent.
Embodiment 5
A kind of emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent is prepared by following steps:
The surfactant (6g Mitsui NPES3030P, 6g polyol fatty acid ester) of 12g is added in the deionized water of 43g, and agitation as appropriate mixes it; Add the bisphenol f type epoxy resin of 30g, the diphenyl carbonate of 15g, the rotating speed with 750r/min under 40 ℃ stirs 100min again; Then under 40 ℃ with the rotating speed high speed shear emulsification 35min of 7500r/min; Rotating speed with 750r/min stirs 25min under 40 ℃ at last, namely gets the emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent.
The structure of surfactant is as follows:
Mitsui NPES3030P
Embodiment 6
A kind of emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent is prepared by following steps:
The surfactant (5g Japan emulsifying agent company/Nikon you 723-SF, 5g produce chemical industrial company/FO180EO6SON, 5g polyethylene glycol oxide polyol fatty acid ester daily) of 15g is added in the deionized water of 25g, and agitation as appropriate mixes it; Add the bisphenol A type epoxy resin of 40g, the diphenyl carbonate of 20g, the rotating speed with 1000r/min under 80 ℃ stirs 80min again; Then under 80 ℃ with the rotating speed high speed shear emulsification 25min of 10000r/min; Rotating speed with 1000r/min stirs 20min under 80 ℃ at last, namely gets the emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent.
The structure of surfactant is as follows:
Japan emulsifying agent company/Nikon that 723-SF
Daily output chemical industrial company/FO180EO6SON
Comparative Examples 1
A kind of emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent is prepared by following steps:
The surfactant of 0.5g (Japanese emulsifying agent company/Nikon you 707-SF) is added in the deionized water of 96.5g, and agitation as appropriate mixes it; The bisphenol A type epoxy resin that adds again 2g, the rotating speed with 1000r/min under 40 ℃ stirs 100min; Then under 40 ℃ with the rotating speed high speed shear emulsification 35min of 10000r/min; Rotating speed with 1000r/min stirs 25min under 40 ℃ at last, namely gets the emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent.
Comparative Examples 2
A kind of emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent is prepared by following steps:
With the surfactant of 1.5g (0.75g mitsubishi rayon/BPEO20SON, 0.75g mitsubishi rayon/SPEO120SON) add in the deionized water of 91g, agitation as appropriate mixes it; The bisphenol f type epoxy resin that adds again 5g, the rotating speed with 750r/min under 60 ℃ stirs 80min; Then under 60 ℃ with the rotating speed high speed shear emulsification 25min of 7500r/min; Rotating speed with 750r/min stirs 20min under 60 ℃ at last, namely gets the emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent.
Comparative Examples 3
A kind of emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent is prepared by following steps:
The surfactant (1.5g polyethylene oxide alkyl ethers, 2.0g polyethylene glycol oxide alkyl phenylate) of 3.5g is added in the deionized water of 81.5g, and agitation as appropriate mixes it; The novolac epoxy resin that adds again 10g, the rotating speed with 500r/min under 60 ℃ stirs 60min; Then under 60 ℃ with the rotating speed high speed shear emulsification 15min of 5000r/min; Rotating speed with 500r/min stirs 15min under 60 ℃ at last, namely gets the emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent.
Comparative Examples 4
A kind of emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent is prepared by following steps:
The surfactant (4g polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, 4g polyethylene glycol oxide aliphatic acid amino ethers) of 8.0g is added in the deionized water of 62g, and agitation as appropriate mixes it; The bisphenol A type epoxy resin that adds again 20g, the rotating speed with 500r/min under 80 ℃ stirs 60min; Then under 80 ℃ with the rotating speed high speed shear emulsification 15min of 5000r/min; Rotating speed with 500r/min stirs 15min under 80 ℃ at last, namely gets the emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent.
Comparative Examples 5
A kind of emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent is prepared by following steps:
The surfactant (6g Mitsui NPES3030P, 6g polyol fatty acid ester) of 12g is added in the deionized water of 43g, and agitation as appropriate mixes it; The bisphenol f type epoxy resin that adds again 30g, the rotating speed with 750r/min under 40 ℃ stirs 100min; Then under 40 ℃ with the rotating speed high speed shear emulsification 35min of 7500r/min; Rotating speed with 750r/min stirs 25min under 40 ℃ at last, namely gets the emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent.
Comparative Examples 6
A kind of emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent is prepared by following steps:
The surfactant (5g Japan emulsifying agent company/Nikon you 723-SF, 5g produce chemical industrial company/FO180EO6SON, 5g polyethylene glycol oxide polyol fatty acid ester daily) of 15g is added in the deionized water of 25g, and agitation as appropriate mixes it; The bisphenol A type epoxy resin that adds again 40g, the rotating speed with 1000r/min under 80 ℃ stirs 80min; Then under 80 ℃ with the rotating speed high speed shear emulsification 25min of 10000r/min; Rotating speed with 1000r/min stirs 20min under 80 ℃ at last, namely gets the emulsion type carbon fiber sizing agent.
Use respectively the carbon fiber after the sizing agent starching of embodiment, Comparative Examples to make the Merlon base carbon fiber composite material, measure the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of gained carbon fibre composite, list in the table 1.The detection method of composite interlayer shear strength is that JC/T 773-2010 fibre reinforced plastics short beam method is measured interlaminar shear strength.
Table 1 carbon fibre composite interlaminar shear strength
The embodiment sequence number |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
Interlaminar shear strength/MPa |
88.35 |
87.63 |
87.85 |
88.92 |
88.61 |
88.55 |
The Comparative Examples sequence number |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
Interlaminar shear strength/MPa |
71.35 |
70.27 |
70.78 |
71.86 |
71.65 |
71.48 |
All added carbonic acid ester among all embodiment, and all do not added in the Comparative Examples, all the other component ratios are identical.Can find out by table 1, add the sizing agent of carbonic acid ester, the Merlon base carbon fiber composite material that uses the carbon fiber after its starching to make, the mechanical properties such as its interlaminar shear strength have great increase.
Above-described embodiment is the better embodiment of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under Spirit Essence of the present invention and the principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.