CN102925816B - Non-oriented silicon steel for electric drive motor and production method thereof - Google Patents
Non-oriented silicon steel for electric drive motor and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102925816B CN102925816B CN201210473123.8A CN201210473123A CN102925816B CN 102925816 B CN102925816 B CN 102925816B CN 201210473123 A CN201210473123 A CN 201210473123A CN 102925816 B CN102925816 B CN 102925816B
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Abstract
The invention discloses non-oriented silicon steel for an electric drive motor and a production method of the non-oriented silicon steel. The non-oriented silicon steel comprises the following components in percent by weight: 2.0 to 3.6 percent of Si, 0.6 to 1.0 percent of Al, 0.1 to 1.0 percent of Mn, 0.1 to 1.0 percent of Cr, no more than 0.005 percent of N, no more than 0.015 percent of S, no more than 0.003 percent of C, no more than 0.05 percent of P, and 0.14 to 0.17 percent of Creq. The production method comprises the steps of smelting by a vacuum furnace, casting into blanks, heating the cast blanks, rolling, reeling and entering into an insulation can to conduct furnace cooling, normalizing, pickling, cold-rolling at one time, annealing and cooling, coating and finishing routinely. The magnetic property of a finished product steel belt with the thickness of 0.35 mm or no more than 0.35 mm meets the conditions that P1.0/400 is lower than 18 W/kg, P1.0/1,000 is less than or equal to 76 W/kg, and B50 is higher than 1.62 T; the process is simple; the energy consumption is low; the magnetic property fluctuation range is small, the sensibility to the annealing process of the finished product is reduced; the stability is good; and the adaptive capacity of the process is strong.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to non orientating silicon steel technical field, particularly the production method of electric drive drive-motor non orientating silicon steel.
Background technology
The three-major-items of electric drive power system are engine, electric motor (concurrently engine) and store battery, electric motor plays a part to drive, generate electricity, to efficiency of conversion in system, raise the efficiency most important, namely the iron core of its core component adopts high grade electrical steel product, in the coming five years, electric drive has the demand of up to ten million production capacities, to 20% be increased to the demand of cold rolling electric, about reach 25 ~ 300,000 t.
When manufacturing the narrow and small vehicle of interior space, require motor miniaturization, and the performance of the low high magnetic strength of iron loss under there is high frequency; During motor high speed rotating, the excitation frequency of core material electrical sheet can increase, and therefore, has low high frequency iron loss to high-speed motor electrical sheet special requirement.But the iron loss of electrical sheet is made up of magnetic hysteresis loss and eddy-current loss.Square being directly proportional of eddy-current loss and frequency, so make eddy-current loss sharply increase due to high frequency excitation.Traditional high frequency performance requires the core loss value under 400Hz, 1.0T often, and frequency corresponding under electric drive motor height rotating speed often to reach 1000Hz even higher, its work magnetic strength point also can reach 1.0T.
At present, for reducing eddy-current loss, the thinning thickness of slab of general employing and these two kinds of methods of increase intrinsic resistance.Wherein the method for thinning thickness of slab can not cause saturation magnetization to decline, and can be described as the good method reducing high frequency iron loss.
Publish in document both at home and abroad through retrieving, there is the relevant report containing Cr non-oriented electrical steel chemical composition, technique and performance about Motor for Electric Automobile and high-frequency electric machines, as Chinese patent literature name is called " a kind of manufacture method of high sial content orientation free silicon steel plate cold-reduced sheet ", component disclosed in it and mass fraction are C:0.003%, Si:3.20%, Mn:0.60%, P:0.008%, S:0.001%, Al:1.10%, Ti:0.002%, Ni≤0.03%, Cr≤0.03%, Cu≤0.03%, and surplus is Fe or micro-and inevitable impurity; Disclosed operational path is: converter smelting → vacuum oven refining → continuous casting → hot rolling → normalizing → pickling trimming → once cold rolling → process annealing → secondary cold-rolling → annealing, continuously cast bloom is through being rolled into the coils of hot-rolled steel of 2.3mm, hot rolled strip enters pickling line and carries out pickling, online trimming after pickling completes, shearing width is 1020mm; Coil of strip after trimming carries out normalizing annealing at normalizing line, and annealing temperature is 950 DEG C, and first time, cold rolling finished product thickness was 0.75mm, intermediate anneal temperature 900 DEG C, and the cold rolling finished product thickness of second time is 0.35mm, finished products temperature 960 DEG C.Jump this patent documentation due to adopt be 3.2% high si content, cause easily producing broken belt in cold-rolled process, Al content up to 1.1%, cause casting time easily produce dross, the defects such as casting billet surface also easily scabs, and finished surface defect is many.But also employing is secondary cold-rolling method, production cost is also higher.
Chinese patent name is called the document of " a kind of non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet ", chemical composition disclosed in it and weight percent are below C:0.01%, Si:1-4.0%, below Mn:1%, below P:0.05%, below S:0.02%, Al:0.1-2%, below N:0.005%, Cr:0.2-5%, and at least containing a kind of element in Cu:0.05-0.5%, Sb:0.002-0.1%, Sn:0.002-0.1%, all the other are the non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet of Fe substantially.Its deficiency is that it is only applicable to the core material of Motor for Electric Automobile and idle call motor low lower than the iron loss before and after the stress annealing under 1000Hz frequency.
Chinese patent name is called " non-oriented electrical steel that a kind of continuous annealing process is produced and production method thereof ", and chemical composition disclosed in it and weight percent are C≤0.006%, Cr 0.3-5%, Si 1-4%, Al 0.4-3%, Mn≤1.5%, S≤0.003%, N≤0.003%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity; Its technique: normalizing after hot-rolled sheet continuous pickling, cold rolling, recrystallization annealing, during Hot Rolled Plate Normalizing, temperature controls at 900-1150 DEG C, and atmosphere is mainly N2, and dew point controls at≤50 DEG C, and the volume percent content of oxygen controls≤1%.Due to document Hot Rolled Plate Normalizing temperatures as high 900-1150 DEG C, cause favorable texture to be destroyed, template is difficult to ensure, and energy consumption is also larger.
Chinese patent name is called the patent documentation of " a kind of non orientating silicon steel ", chemical composition disclosed in it and weight percent are C≤0.005%, Si≤4%, Mn 0.05-1.5%, P≤0.2%, S≤0.02%, Al 0.1-3%, N≤0.005% and Cr 0.2-3%, and all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity; Further, Si content controls≤3%, and Al is 0.2-1.9%, then adds Sb0.001-0.05% further.The document with the addition of alloying element Sb, causes cost of alloy higher.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of electric drive motor non orientating silicon steel and production method, its technique of being mated by control composition, obtain the magnetic property P of thickness at 0.35mm and following finished product steel belt
1.0/400lower than 18W/kg, P
1.0/1000≤ 76W/kg, B
50higher than 1.62T and technique is simple, the orientation free silicon steel plate that energy consumption is low.
Realize the measure of above-mentioned purpose:
Electric drive motor non orientating silicon steel, its component and weight percent content are: Si:2.0 ~ 3.6%, Al:0.6 ~ 1.0%, Mn:0.1 ~ 1.0%, Cr:0.1 ~ 1.0%, N :≤0.005%, S :≤0.015%, C :≤0.003%, P :≤0.05%, all the other are Fe and inevitable residual content; And meet chromium equivalent
Cr
eq：0.14～0.17%；
In formula: Cr
eq=
.
Produce the method for electric drive motor non orientating silicon steel, its step:
1) vacuum oven is smelted and is poured into base;
2) to injection heating, control its Heating temperature at 1050 ~ 1150 DEG C, heat-up time is 60 ~ 12min;
3) be rolled, control roughing finishing temperature and be not less than 900 DEG C, roughing thickness of slab is not less than 25mm, and roughing draft is not less than 80%; Control finish rolling finishing temperature and be not less than 750 DEG C, before controlling finish rolling, four-pass total reduction is not less than 80%; Steel plate thickness after finish rolling is not less than 1.5mm;
4) batch, control coiling temperature and be not less than 600 DEG C, the coil of strip after batching enters insulation can immediately and carries out furnace cooling;
5) carry out normalizing, control soaking zone temperature and be not less than 750 DEG C, soaking time is no less than 1min, and normalizing terminates rear Direct Air-Cooled;
6) carry out pickling, pickle solution temperature controls at 70 ~ 100 DEG C, and adopt be water-cooled to≤30 DEG C, pickling time is no less than 1min;
7) carry out disposable cold rolling, be rolled down to finished product thickness, and the draft controlling extreme trace time is less than 20%, all the other passage total reductions are not less than 80%;
8) anneal, control annealing temperature and be not less than 850 DEG C, soaking time is no less than 1min; Controlling annealing atmosphere is that N2+H2 control dew point is not less than 0 DEG C, controls steel plate plate speed and is not less than 50m/min;
9) carry out routinely cooling, coating and finishing.
The present invention compared with prior art, its feature:
1) in the present invention owing to the addition of appropriate Cr, Cr can improve resistivity and reduce eddy-current loss, and can also promote that silicon steel recrystallized structure is flourishing and perfect, be conducive to improving magnetic, and magnetic property fluctuation range is little, reduce the susceptibility of finished product annealing process, good stability, technique is adaptable.Here defining Cr equivalent is
Its content must meet following formula:
0.14≤
≤0.17。
Carbon is harmful element, and expand γ phase region and transformation temperature is reduced, carbon content height can force finished products temperature to reduce, and grain growth is insufficient, and iron loss increases.
Sulphur is harmful element, strongly can stop the grain growth during finished products when sulphur and manganese form tiny MnS.
Nitrogen is harmful element, easily forms tiny AlN particle inhibiting grain growth.
Phosphorus amount is too high, and particularly when carbon amounts is very low, cold-workability degenerates, product embrittlement.
Manganese and sulphur form MnS, can prevent along crystal boundary formed low melting point FeS caused by hot-short phenomenon, therefore to ensure that a certain amount of Mn is to improve hot rolling plasticity.Mn is solid-solubilized in steel can improve resistivity, improves resistivity degree and is equivalent to 1/2 of silicon, and reduce degree lower than Silicified breccias.In addition, appropriate Mn has suppression { { 100}, { effect of 110} component can improve the component of favorable texture for 111} component and promotion.
(Si+Al) be reduce the most effective element of iron loss, but the too high meeting of Si% brings very large difficulty to cold working, particularly particularly evident when finished product thinner thickness, easy dross during the casting of Al% height, casting billet surface easily scabs, and finished surface defect is many.(Si+Al) reduces the effect of magnetic strength also clearly in addition, mainly leaning on produced lattice distortion to hinder dislocation motion and producing work hardening, raising dislocation desity and deformation energy storage is that main path is to increase Static Recrystallization power, to promote recrystallize, but because stacking fault energy is high, dislocation commutative Banach aglebra resistance is little, easily to reply, dislocation desity in subgrain tissue reduces, store and can decline, recrystallize power is little, therefore the recrystallized structure without Cr silicon steel is difficult to flourishing and perfect, needs strict control finished product parameter and annealing.
Prove through lot of experiments, work as Cr
eqduring < 0.14, especially silicon or chromium content low, during Fe content height, γ phase region can be made sharply to expand, A
3point sharply reduces, and easily causes being rolled formation mixed grain structure at two-phase region (α+γ) in course of hot rolling, finished product magnetic is worsened, in addition A
3point sharply reduces also can make finished products temperature reduce, and crystal grain cannot be grown up, and iron loss raises.
Work as Cr
eqduring > 0.17, magnetic transition temperature (Curie temperature T
c) with Cr
eqincrease and reduce, therefore a small amount of Cr joins in steel and can make T
craise, by formula Ms
2≈ 3N
2μ
b 2(1-T/T
c) known, T
crising is conducive to saturation magnetization M
sraising; And when moderate Si, Al is higher and cause Cr
eqduring > 0.17, then Ms and Bs can be made significantly to reduce.
As 0.14≤Cr
eqwhen≤0.17, γ → α phase driving force that deformation induced effect produces is eliminated, phase point temperature A
r1relative reduction, finishing temperature is easily close to A
r1point, at the time shorten of α single phase region finish rolling, thus make that the inner recrystallized structure of hot-rolled sheet is flourishing, deformation is brilliant less, equiax crystal is many, proportion of equiaxed grain is high, in the tissue after cold rolling transitional zone and shear band flourishing, deformed belt is few, because transitional zone and shear band are the { nucleation sites of the favorable texture such as 100}, deformed belt be the nucleation site of the unfavorable texture such as 111}, therefore, after annealing, { 100} favorable texture is flourishing, { the unfavorable texture such as 111} is weakened, and improves magnetic and obtains significantly.In addition when 0.14≤
when≤0.17, material stacking fault energy obviously reduces, and then the formation hindering the commutative Banach aglebra of dislocation to move, improve dislocation desity, suppress deformation dislocation born of the same parents, and suppress to be unfavorable for magnetic 111} position to rotation and promote the formation of recrystallize and recrystallize favorable texture, therefore when Creq meets above scope, non orientating silicon steel recrystallized structure is flourishing and perfect, favorable texture component is many.
Therefore add appropriate Cr Substitute For Partial (Si+Al), utilize the compound action of Cr and Mn in silicon steel, make the chromium equivalent Cr in steel
eqmeet 0.14≤
≤ 0.17, can ensure that the high frequency iron loss of finished product is low, improve the efficiency of electric drive motor, also can improve finished product texture and improve magnetic strength, and then improve the Driving Torque of electric drive motor unitary current.
2) the curling rear Direct Air-Cooled of coil of strip can make speed of cooling end to end uneven, cause uneven microstructure end to end, thereafter also edition type can be caused to control difficulty because of rolling load inequality end to end in cold-rolled process, performance difference is larger end to end finally to cause finished steel coils, the present invention adopts insulation can to carry out insulation to coil of strip and makes it slow cooling after hot rolling reeling, make coil of strip ectonexine temperature fully close and tend towards stability, effectively can avoid the appearance of the problems referred to above, in addition in insulation can slow cooling can make full use of coil of strip batch after volume waste heat coil of strip is fully replied, for the recrystallize in normalizing process has put aside energy storage and power.
3) adopt furnace cooling after normalizing, avoid sharply water-cooled rear section Inclusion Precipitation, hinder grain growth in subsequent anneal process, sharply water-cooled can cause steel plate inside to produce internal stress in addition, brings difficulty to the control of template in follow-up cold-rolled process.
4) the present invention is owing to adopting the electric drive motor non-oriented electrical steel of once cold rolling method rolling 0.35mm and following finished product thickness, thus saves energy consumption, is reducing costs.
5) electric drive motor non-oriented electrical steel of the present invention not only excellent magnetic: namely thickness is that the magnetic property of the finished product steel belt of 0.35mm can reach P
1.0/400≤ 18W/kg, P
1.0/1000≤ 76W/kg, B
50>=1.65T, the thickness of manufacture is that the magnetic property of the finished product steel belt of 0.30mm can reach P
1.0/400≤ 16W/kg, P
1.0/1000≤ 66W/kg, B
50>=1.64T, thickness is that the magnetic property of the finished product steel belt of 0.27mm can reach P
1.0/400≤ 15W/kg, P
1.0/1000≤ 64W/kg, B
50>=1.63T, thickness is that the magnetic property of the finished product steel belt of 0.20mm can reach P
1.0/400≤ 13W/kg, P
1.0/1000≤ 48W/kg, B
50>=1.62T, and lumber recovery is high, and finished product template is smooth.
Embodiment
Below the present invention is described in detail:
Table 1 is the component value list of various embodiments of the present invention;
Table 2 is the main technologic parameters list of various embodiments of the present invention;
Table 3 is the list of various embodiments of the present invention magnetic property detection case.
Various embodiments of the present invention are produced according to following steps:
Its step:
1) vacuum oven is smelted and is poured into base;
2) to strand heating, control its Heating temperature at 1050 ~ 1150 DEG C, heat-up time is 60 ~ 12min;
3) be rolled, control roughing finishing temperature and be not less than 900 DEG C, roughing thickness of slab is not less than 25mm, and roughing draft is not less than 80%; Control finish rolling finishing temperature and be not less than 750 DEG C, before controlling finish rolling, four-pass total reduction is not less than 80%; Steel plate thickness after finish rolling is not less than 1.5mm;
4) batch, control coiling temperature and be not less than 600 DEG C, the coil of strip after batching enters insulation can immediately and carries out furnace cooling;
5) carry out normalizing, control soaking zone temperature and be not less than 750 DEG C, soaking time is no less than 1min, and normalizing terminates rear Direct Air-Cooled;
6) carry out pickling, pickle solution temperature controls at 70 ~ 100 DEG C, and adopt be water-cooled to≤30 DEG C, pickling time is no less than 1min;
7) carry out disposable cold rolling, be rolled down to finished product thickness, and the draft controlling extreme trace time is less than 20%, all the other passage total reductions are not less than 80%;
8) anneal, control annealing temperature and be not less than 850 DEG C, soaking time is no less than 1min; Controlling annealing atmosphere is that N2+H2 control dew point is not less than 0 DEG C, controls steel plate plate speed and is not less than 50m/min;
9) carry out routinely cooling, coating and finishing.
Table 1 various embodiments of the present invention component value list (wt%)
Table 2 is the main technologic parameters list () of various embodiments of the present invention
Table 2 is the main technologic parameters list (two) of various embodiments of the present invention and comparative example
Table 3 various embodiments of the present invention magnetic property detection list
As can be seen from Table 3, in embodiment, the iron loss of finished product is starkly lower than the iron loss of comparative example, magnetic strength is also obviously higher, because embodiment adopts into insulation can furnace cooling after hot rolling reeling, coil of strip head-tail temperature obtains fully obviously little compared with comparative example close to histological difference, and thus finished product volume magnetic contrast is end to end also obvious little compared with comparative example.In addition, embodiment finished product roll bending type is good, and thickness fluctuation is little, and comparative example template is poor, and thickness fluctuation is obvious.
Above-described embodiment is only the best and exemplifies, and is not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. electric drive motor non orientating silicon steel, its component and weight percent content are: Si:2.68 ~ 3.6%, Al:0.72 ~ 0. 78% or 0.81 ~ 0. 87%, Mn:0.24 ~ 1.0%, Cr:0.21 ~ 0.23% or 0.52 ~ 0. 61%, N :≤0.005%, S :≤0.015%, C :≤0.003%, P :≤0.05%, all the other are Fe and inevitable residual content; And meet chromium equivalent:
Cr
eq：0.14～0.17%；
In formula: Cr
eq=
;
Production stage:
1) vacuum oven is smelted and is poured into base;
2) to injection heating, control its Heating temperature at 1050 ~ 1150 DEG C, heat-up time is 60 ~ 110min;
3) be rolled, control roughing finishing temperature and be not less than 900 DEG C, roughing thickness of slab is not less than 25mm, and roughing draft is not less than 80%; Control finish rolling finishing temperature and be not less than 750 DEG C, before controlling finish rolling, four-pass total reduction is not less than 80%; Steel plate thickness after finish rolling is not less than 1.5mm;
4) batch, control coiling temperature and be not less than 600 DEG C, the coil of strip after batching enters insulation can immediately and carries out furnace cooling;
5) carry out normalizing, control soaking zone temperature 750 ~ 850 DEG C, soaking time is no less than 1min, and normalizing terminates rear Direct Air-Cooled;
6) carry out pickling, pickle solution temperature controls at 70 ~ 100 DEG C, and adopt be water-cooled to≤30 DEG C, pickling time is no less than 1min;
7) carry out disposable cold rolling, be rolled down to finished product thickness, and the draft controlling extreme trace time is less than 20%, all the other passage total reductions are not less than 80%;
8) anneal, control annealing temperature and be not less than 850 DEG C, soaking time is no less than 1min; Controlling annealing atmosphere is that N2+H2 control dew point is not less than 0 DEG C, controls steel plate plate speed and is not less than 50m/min;
9) carry out routinely cooling, coating and finishing.
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| CN102925816B true CN102925816B (en) | 2015-05-20 |
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| CN103498096B (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2016-03-16 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | The fine magnetic property non-oriented electrical steel of Rm >=600MPa and production method thereof |
| CN106480365B (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2017-12-05 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of manufacture method of high-silicon high aluminium non-directional electrical steel |
| CN105886932B (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2017-08-25 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | A kind of High Power Factor Non-oriented silicon steel for motors and production method |
| CN106086617B (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2018-06-26 | 徐州市苏文机械设备制造有限公司 | A kind of preparation process of electromagnetic ore separator silicon steel core |
| CN107245564B (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2019-01-25 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | A kind of control method of non-orientation silicon steel internal oxidation layer |
| WO2019017426A1 (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2019-01-24 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Non-oriented electromagnetic steel plate |
| CN107587039B (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2019-05-24 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | The driving motor for electric automobile non-orientation silicon steel and production method of excellent magnetic |
| CN107746941B (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-03-26 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of driving motor high strength cold-rolled non-orientation silicon steel and manufacturing method |
| CN112430778A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2021-03-02 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Thin non-oriented electrical steel plate and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN110468352A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-11-19 | 江苏沙钢集团有限公司 | A kind of non-orientation silicon steel and its production method |
| CN114606435A (en) * | 2022-02-09 | 2022-06-10 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | High-efficiency high-strength non-oriented silicon steel thin strip for automobile driving motor |
| CN114737129B (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2023-02-28 | 新余钢铁股份有限公司 | High-performance non-oriented silicon steel for wound motor iron core and production method thereof |
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