CN102925732A - Method for smelting aluminium alloy doped with magnesium element - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for smelting aluminium alloy doped with magnesium element, which is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps of: (1) adding lots of discarded aluminium-product furnace charge in a smelting furnace, heating up until the furnace charge starts to soften and fall down, and sprinkling a layer of covering agent on metallic surfaces to cover; (2) slagging off and stirring; (3) adjusting ingredients; (4) refining; (5) discharging; and (6) cleaning. Via the refining treatment aforementioned, high-quality aluminium alloy smelting solution is obtained. In the case that the aluminium alloy smelting solution is used for casting production, the rate of finished products is obviously increased; in particular, the rate of pores in castings is reduced by 1-2% and effectively controlled, so that pores cannot be generated on the surfaces of the castings; the oxide inclusions are obviously reduced and are about at two-level; and the mechanical property of the castings is obviously improved.

Description

A kind of aluminium alloy smelting method of magnesium-doped element

Technical field

The present invention relates generally to a kind of aluminium alloy smelting method, relates in particular to a kind of aluminium alloy smelting method of magnesium-doped element.

Background technology

Shortcomings in the manufacture method of traditional aluminium alloy: the electroconductibility of finished product, thermal conductivity, erosion resistance are not strong, and the degree of porosity in the alloy-steel casting of producing is higher, how can produce pore at cast(ing) surface, the ratio of oxidation foreign material is also higher, has affected the performance of alloy-steel casting.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is exactly in order to remedy the defective of prior art, a kind of aluminium alloy smelting method of magnesium-doped element to be provided.

The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

The aluminium alloy smelting method of magnesium-doped element comprises following preparation process:

(1) discarded aluminum products furnace charge is added smelting furnace, be warming up to furnace charge and begin to soften when staying, sprinkle one deck insulating covering agent to the metallic surface and cover; After furnace charge melts fully, should suitably stir melt, so that temperature uniformity everywhere in the molten bath also is beneficial to and accelerates fusing simultaneously;

(2) skim and stir: after skimming, in melt, add magnesium ingot according to magnesium-doped amount of element, sprinkle simultaneously one deck and be 0.1-0.3% protective material of magnesium weight, described protective material is that ratio is the niobium of 1:1 and the mixed powder of bismuth, should fully stir after the adding;

(3) adjusting component: melt namely should be taken a sample and carry out both analysis after fully being stirred, the whether conformance with standard requirement of analytical chemistry composition, and when the real-time analysis result requires not conform to alloying constituent, just should be by watering down or the feed supplement adjusting component;

(4) refining: utilize refining agent that melt is carried out refining; Described refining agent is made by following raw materials in part by weight: Repone K 5-8, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) 3-5, SODIUMNITRATE 3-5, Graphite Powder 99 5-8, Sodium Silicofluoride 8-10, sodium sulfate 3-5, aluminum chloride 5-8, salt of wormwood 3-5, attapulgite 8-10, NaBF ₄5-8, sodium-chlor 3-5, C ₂Cl ₆5-8, Na ₂TiF ₆8-10, NaF 5-8;

Described refining agent preparation method is as follows:

A, with the attapulgite of above-mentioned weight part with 10-15% salt acid soak 3-4 hour, deionized water wash soaked 3-4 hour with the 10-12% sodium hydroxide solution again, and is extremely neutral with deionized water wash again, then 500-530 ℃ of lower calcining 2-3 hour, be ground into nanometer powder;

B, the Repone K with above-mentioned weight part, sodium-chlor, sodium sulfate, salt of wormwood, SODIUMNITRATE, attapulgite are added to the water, the sodium laurylsulfate, the paregal O of 1-2%, the tributyl citrate of 2-3%, the 3-5% aluminum oxide that add again attapulgite weight 2-3%, high speed 5200-5500 rev/min of stirring, obtain dispersion liquid, the dispersion liquid dewatered drying is pulverized;

C, the Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) with above-mentioned weight part, Graphite Powder 99, aluminum chloride, Sodium Silicofluoride, NaBF ₄, C ₂Cl ₆, Na ₂TiF ₆, behind the NaF heating and melting, pulverize;

D, the mixing of materials stirring that step a, b, c are obtained namely get described refining agent;

(5) come out of the stove: when melt process refining treatment, and after clawing surface scum, melt can be infused into standing furnace, in order to prepare casting;

(6) prepurging: prepurging is exactly thoroughly to clear out slagging scorification remaining in the stove outside the stove, after coming out of the stove, all will carry out one time prepurging, when the alloy conversion, common goods are produced the 5-15 stove continuously, every production one stove of particular product, will carry out large prepurging, during large prepurging, should evenly in stove, be sprinkled into one deck insulating covering agent first, and fire box temperature risen to more than 800 ℃, then with triangular spade remaining slagging scorification everywhere in the stove is thoroughly removed.

Advantage of the present invention is:

Through above-mentioned refining treatment, obtain high-quality molten aluminium alloy, such molten aluminium alloy is used for Foundry Production, the degree of porosity that obviously improves in the yield rate, particularly foundry goods reduces the 1-2 degree, is controlled effectively, can not produce pore at cast(ing) surface, trapped oxide also obviously reduces, and oxide inclusion is about 2 grades, and the mechanical property of foundry goods obviously improves.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

A kind of aluminium alloy smelting method of magnesium-doped element comprises following preparation process:

1, a kind of aluminium alloy smelting method of magnesium-doped element is characterized in that comprising following preparation process:

(1) discarded aluminum products furnace charge is added smelting furnace, be warming up to furnace charge and begin to soften when staying, sprinkle one deck insulating covering agent to the metallic surface and cover; After a furnace charge fusing part, can in liquid, add highly purified zinc ingot metal and copper ingot, after furnace charge melts fully, should suitably stir melt, so that temperature uniformity everywhere in the molten bath also is beneficial to and accelerates fusing simultaneously;

(2) skim and stir: add magnesium ingot in the backward melt of skimming, sprinkle simultaneously one deck weight and be 0.1-0.3% insulating covering agent of magnesium, described insulating covering agent is that ratio is the niobium of 1:1 and the mixed powder of bismuth, in case the scaling loss of magnesium should fully stir after the adding;

(3) adjusting component: melt namely should be taken a sample and carry out both analysis after fully being stirred, the whether conformance with standard requirement of analytical chemistry composition, and when the real-time analysis result requires not conform to alloying constituent, just should be by watering down or the feed supplement adjusting component;

(4) refining: utilize refining agent that melt is carried out refining; Described refining agent is made by following raw materials in part by weight: Repone K 5, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) 3, SODIUMNITRATE 5, Graphite Powder 99 5, Sodium Silicofluoride 10, sodium sulfate 5, aluminum chloride 5, salt of wormwood 3, attapulgite 8, NaBF ₄8, sodium-chlor 5, C ₂Cl ₆5, Na ₂TiF ₆8, NaF 8;

Described refining agent preparation method is as follows:

A, with the attapulgite of above-mentioned weight part with 15% salt acid soak 4 hours, deionized water wash soaked 4 hours with 12% sodium hydroxide solution again, again with deionized water wash to neutral, then 530 ℃ of lower calcinings 3 hours, be ground into nanometer powder;

B, the Repone K with above-mentioned weight part, sodium-chlor, sodium sulfate, salt of wormwood, SODIUMNITRATE, attapulgite are added to the water, add again the sodium laurylsulfate of attapulgite weight 3%, 2% paregal O, 3% tributyl citrate, 5% aluminum oxide, at a high speed 5500 rev/mins of stirrings, obtain dispersion liquid, the dispersion liquid dewatered drying is pulverized;

C, the Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) with above-mentioned weight part, Graphite Powder 99, aluminum chloride, Sodium Silicofluoride, NaBF ₄, C ₂Cl ₆, Na ₂TiF ₆, behind the NaF heating and melting, pulverize;

D, the mixing of materials stirring that step a, b, c are obtained namely get described refining agent;

(5) come out of the stove: when melt process refining treatment, and after clawing surface scum, melt can be infused into standing furnace, in order to prepare casting;

(6) prepurging: prepurging is exactly thoroughly to clear out slagging scorification remaining in the stove outside the stove, after metal is come out of the stove, all will carry out one time prepurging, when the alloy conversion, common goods are produced 15 stoves continuously, every production one stove of particular product, generally will carry out large prepurging, during large prepurging, should evenly in stove, be sprinkled into one deck insulating covering agent first, and fire box temperature risen to more than 800 ℃, then with triangular spade remaining slagging scorification everywhere in the stove is thoroughly removed.

After testing, use the composition (Wt%) of alloy of traditional refining agent institute melting as follows:

Fe	Si	Mg
			0.005	0.04	3.56

Use the composition (Wt%) of alloy of new refining agent institute melting as follows

Fe	Si	Mg
			0.001	0.02	3.57

Can obviously find out, the content of Fe and Si all is under control, refinement As-cast Microstructure.

Claims (1)

1. the aluminium alloy smelting method of a magnesium-doped element is characterized in that comprising following preparation process:

(1) discarded aluminum products furnace charge is added smelting furnace, be warming up to furnace charge and begin to soften when staying, sprinkle one deck insulating covering agent to the metallic surface and cover; After furnace charge melts fully, should suitably stir melt, so that temperature uniformity everywhere in the molten bath also is beneficial to and accelerates fusing simultaneously;

(2) skim and stir: after skimming, in melt, add magnesium ingot according to magnesium-doped amount of element, sprinkle simultaneously one deck and be 0.1-0.3% protective material of magnesium weight, described protective material is that ratio is the niobium of 1:1 and the mixed powder of bismuth, should fully stir after the adding;

(3) adjusting component: melt namely should be taken a sample and carry out both analysis after fully being stirred, the whether conformance with standard requirement of analytical chemistry composition, and when the real-time analysis result requires not conform to alloying constituent, just should be by watering down or the feed supplement adjusting component;

(4) refining: utilize refining agent that melt is carried out refining; Described refining agent is made by following raw materials in part by weight: Repone K 5-8, Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) 3-5, SODIUMNITRATE 3-5, Graphite Powder 99 5-8, Sodium Silicofluoride 8-10, sodium sulfate 3-5, aluminum chloride 5-8, salt of wormwood 3-5, attapulgite 8-10, NaBF ₄5-8, sodium-chlor 3-5, C ₂Cl ₆5-8, Na ₂TiF ₆8-10, NaF 5-8;

Described refining agent preparation method is as follows:

A, with the attapulgite of above-mentioned weight part with 10-15% salt acid soak 3-4 hour, deionized water wash soaked 3-4 hour with the 10-12% sodium hydroxide solution again, and is extremely neutral with deionized water wash again, then 500-530 ℃ of lower calcining 2-3 hour, be ground into nanometer powder;

B, the Repone K with above-mentioned weight part, sodium-chlor, sodium sulfate, salt of wormwood, SODIUMNITRATE, attapulgite are added to the water, the sodium laurylsulfate, the paregal O of 1-2%, the tributyl citrate of 2-3%, the 3-5% aluminum oxide that add again attapulgite weight 2-3%, high speed 5200-5500 rev/min of stirring, obtain dispersion liquid, the dispersion liquid dewatered drying is pulverized;

C, the Calcium Fluoride (Fluorspan) with above-mentioned weight part, Graphite Powder 99, aluminum chloride, Sodium Silicofluoride, NaBF ₄, C ₂Cl ₆, Na ₂TiF ₆, behind the NaF heating and melting, pulverize;

D, the mixing of materials stirring that step a, b, c are obtained namely get described refining agent;

(5) come out of the stove: when melt process refining treatment, and after clawing surface scum, melt can be infused into standing furnace, in order to prepare casting;

(6) prepurging: prepurging is exactly thoroughly to clear out slagging scorification remaining in the stove outside the stove, after coming out of the stove, all will carry out one time prepurging, when the alloy conversion, common goods are produced the 5-15 stove continuously, every production one stove of particular product, will carry out large prepurging, during large prepurging, should evenly in stove, be sprinkled into one deck insulating covering agent first, and fire box temperature risen to more than 800 ℃, then with triangular spade remaining slagging scorification everywhere in the stove is thoroughly removed.