CN102924010A - Self-compaction filling paste body and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Self-compaction filling paste body and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-compaction filling paste body and a preparation process thereof, relates to a filling material with self-compaction performance for coal mine cut and fill mining and a corresponding proportion stirring process, and belongs to the field of construction materials. The self-compaction filling paste body is characterized by being prepared by uniformly mixing coal gangue, coal ash, cements, high-efficiency water reducing agent and water according to proper proportion, wherein the slurry concentration of the paste body is 75-85 percent; and in terms of mass percentage, the proportion of the coal gangue to the coal ash to the cements to the water reducing agent to the water is 45-55 percent to 15-20 percent to 10-15 percent to 3-5 percent to 15-25 percent. The paste body is high in flowability, stability and filling performance, low in bleeding rate and uniform and consistent in quality, and fully fills every corner of a worked-out section; the bleeding and the segregation of the aggregates are avoided; the convenience in transportation and control is achieved; a pipeline is not blocked during transportation; and original mine wastes are adopted for the paste body for realizing the filling so as to protect the environment.
Description
Technical field
A kind of self-compacting fill paste of the present invention and preparation technology thereof belong to building material field, relate to a kind of compaction material with self-compacting ability of coal mine filling exploitation and technical scheme of preparation technology thereof of being applicable to.
Background technology
China is coal resources big countries, also is coal resources production and consumption big country, and coal mining is the basis of Coal Resource Development and utilization." three times " of China's coal-mine pressure coal is about 137.9 hundred million tons at present, and wherein buildings presses down 87.6 hundred million tons in coal, accounts for 63.5% of whole pressure coal amount.Along with the development of industrial and agricultural production, buildings presses down the trend that coal has increase, and a lot of mining areas building presses down coal and accounts for 60% of mining area workable reserve, is seriously restricting production and the Sustainable development in mining area.Filling mining is to solve the strong method that " three times " press coal, and it not only can improve resource recovery and produce preferably economic benefit, and can effectively reduce environmental disruption.
According to compaction material and mode of movement, filling mining has mainly experienced dry filling, hydraulic stowing and consolidated fill three phases, because many deficiencies of dry filling and hydraulic stowing, low such as dry filling efficient, throughput is low, labour intensity is large, hydraulic stowing complex process, effluent cost are high, fill-up is little, strength of filling mass is not high, and consolidated fill becomes present most important placement method gradually.
Consolidated fill, the inert materials such as fine sand that to gather and to process, such as rubble, river sand, tailings and Gobi aggregate, mix an amount of gelling material, such as cement and lime, add the water mix and blend and make slurry or lotion, carry to the worked-out section and stacking along boring, pipeline etc. again, then make slurry slough unnecessary water in the worked-out section or do not dewater, form the obturator with some strength and globality.
The strength of filling mass of consolidated fill is large, and filling velocity is fast, and fill-up is large, and technique is simple.Along with the development of Materials science, the diversification of consolidating material type adds the variation of adulterant, makes the composition of slurry, colloid or lotion more complicated and various, adds the development of slurry delivery technology, makes the consolidated fill development be tending towards ripe.Consolidated fill comprises tailing cemented filling, piece stone consolidated fill, high density all-tailing cemented filling, pumping paste filling, high-moisture quick-setting filling.
Wherein, the paste body filling technology is the paste slurry that the solid waste such as compound with spoil or spoil and rubble are processed on ground, deliver to mining face under mine by in-line pump, the mining technique of bashing is the present main development direction of Cut-and-fill Mining Technology in good time.
Though lotion has certain development as a kind of novel cemented filling material, still has many problems, high such as the lotion insufficient strength, can not play abundant supporting role; The obturator volume is larger, can't fully vibrate in the stowing operation, and water content is large in the fill paste, and volumetric shrinkage is large after the sclerosis, and voidage is high, thereby cause that the obturator density is poor, intensity is low, material self intensity can not be given full play to etc.
Existing above-mentioned placement method and used compaction material, the deficiency that all has separately self, fail to solve line clogging and the not good problem of filling effect in the course of conveying, therefore, invent a kind of flowability, stability, gap trafficability characteristic and the good self-compacting fill paste of filling, become the not good key of filling effect in the solution filling mining.
Summary of the invention
A kind of self-compacting fill paste of the present invention and preparation technology's purpose thereof are, for solving blocking pipe and the not good problem of filling effect in course of conveying, thereby provide a kind of mobile high, bleeding rate is low, stability and filling performance are good, is applicable to the compaction material with self-compacting ability and the preparation technology thereof of coal mine filling exploitation.
A kind of self-compacting fill paste of the present invention, it is characterized in that a kind of compaction material with self-compacting ability that is applicable to the coal mine filling exploitation, this self-compacting fill paste is by coal gangue, flyash, cement, high efficiency water reducing agent and water mix in appropriate ratio and form, its lotion pulp density is 75%-85%, its mass percent is coal gangue: flyash: cement: water reducer: water=45%-55%:15%-20%:10%-15%:3%-5%:15%-25%, contained coal gangue is that particle diameter is less than the former mine coal gangue waste material through fragmentation of 25mm, wherein particle diameter be 5mm-25mm account for 55 ~ 65%, particle diameter accounts for 35 ~ 45% less than 5mm's, and be that the coal gangue of 5mm-10mm among 5mm-25mm accounts for 30%-40% at particle diameter, the coal gangue of 10mm-15mm accounts for 20%-30%, the coal gangue of 15mm-20mm accounts for 15%-20%, and the coal gangue of 20mm-25mm accounts for 15%-20%; Contained flyash is I level flyash; Institute's cement is normal silicate 425#; Contained water reducer is that water-reducing rate reaches the M17 high efficiency water reducing agent more than 30%.
The preparation technology of above-mentioned a kind of self-compacting fill paste is characterized in that:
I, proportioning are determined: take coal gangue, flyash, cement, M17 high efficiency water reducing agent and water as starting material, its raw-material proportioning is: coal gangue 45%-55%, flyash 15%-20%, consolidating material 10%-15%, M17 water reducer 3%-5%, water 15%-25%, finish mix slurry concentration is 75%-85%;
II, proportioning stir:
The first step material is prepared: coal gangue is by processing less than 25 mm specification, the spoil that processes passes through grading oscillating screen, according to less than 5mm, 5-10mm, 10-15mm, 15-20mm, five kinds of specification classifications of 20-25mm, then storage, be used by design proportion, the coal gangue that fragmentation processes leaves the spoil batch bin in, and flyash, cement, water reducer leave in respectively in separately the tower silo, and water leaves in the water reservoir;
The second step weighing: five kinds of material weighings of filling are carried out simultaneously, wherein, four blowing gates are set under the spoil batch bin, stirrer of per two services, four blowing gates are all opened during the batching beginning, spoil is put into weigh belt, and when the spoil dosage arrived design load soon, every measuring belt only stayed a gate blowing, until reach design load, finish the spoil weighing, then start weigh belt and spoil material loading and carry out the formula belt, the spoil that weighs up is delivered to filling building spoil buffering bucket; Flyash, cement, water reducer are then reinforced in the scale hooper separately by screw feeder, water then by water pump from the pond to scale hooper in water measurement, reach design load and namely stop metering;
The 3rd step fed intake: close at the blowing mouth of determining stirrer, stirrer is in sky machine state, opens simultaneously five kinds of materials that scale hooper and spoil buffering bucket will weigh up and drops into fast in the stirrer, closes immediately each scale hooper and spoil buffering bucket gate after having thrown material;
The 4th step stirred: because cement consumption in the compaction material is few, churning time is 40 ~ 60 seconds;
The 5th step put lotion: when churning time reaches 40 ~ 60 seconds, stirrer blowing mouth is opened, put into hopper mixing the casting resin lotion that makes, go into the well for the filling pump delivery, after the material lotion discharges, close immediately and put the lotion door, for raising system lotion ability processed, feed intake finish after, namely carry out next cycle material weighing work, before a upper tank material stirrer was mixed, next circulation was ready to, so constantly circulation is until design objective is all finished.
A kind of self-compacting fill paste of the present invention and preparation technology's thereof advantage is: on the basis of existing paste body filling technology, prepare have mobile high, bleeding rate is low, stability and the good high-quality fill paste material of filling performance; Lotion quality uniformity, bleeding not, aggregate is not emanated, and fully fills the every nook and cranny, worked-out section; This ointment material Young's modulus is larger, Poisson is smaller, the compression yield face is larger, the supporting capacity of obturator is stronger, certain early strength is arranged, and later strength continues to increase, and the obturator rate of compression is significantly less than the rate of compression of sand, spoil powder and flyash, it is remarkable to connect the top effect, and the surface subsidence amount is less; Through the different proportionings of granular size, realized the facility of carrying and controlling, can blocking pipe in course of conveying.Next is the ointment material of realizing filling, adopts former mine waste material, has protected environment.
Embodiment
The below is described in further detail the specific embodiment of the present invention:
Embodiment 1
The selection of compaction material:
Main phase comprises quartz, kaolin, white mica, potassium felspar sand and chlorite etc. in the coal gangue, by the match materials design, can prepare well behaved Coal Gangue Paste Filling Material; The physicals of the Coal Gangue Paste Filling Material that makes, mechanical property etc. all can satisfy national cement standard requirement, can be used for the worked-out section paste body filling.Compare with normal concrete, Coal Gangue Paste Filling Material possesses better weather resistance.As the coal gangue of aggregate, extremely important for physical and mechanical property and the weather resistance of self-compacting fill paste.Maximum size of coarse aggregate is 25mm, and the aggregate content of needle-like should not be greater than 5%.
Flyash is the effect of main performance micro-aggregate in compaction material, purpose is to guarantee that under agglutinate volume condition seldom lotion has good processing performance, can guarantee under the safe transport condition in addition, create favorable conditions for improving pulp density, and then can improve the effect of obturator.Flyash is as a kind of industrial waste, aboundresources, and cheap, adding coal ash not only can replace part of cement, saves construction costs, can also reduce the initial stage hydration heat, reduces drying shrinkage, improves the workability of newly mixing fill paste, increases the later strength of lotion.
In order to guarantee the later strength of lotion, the consolidating material of suitable proportion must be arranged, normal silicate 425 in the starting material
#Cement can meet the demands.
By rheology theory as can be known, newly mix lotion and belong to Bingham liquid, its rheological equation is τ=τ
0(τ is shearing stress to+η γ; τ
0Be yield shear stress; η is plastic viscosity; γ is velocity of shear).τ
0Be the maximum stress that hinders viscous deformation, caused that by the sticking power between the material and frictional force it has arranged the deformability of mixture; Work as τ〉τ
0The time, lotion produces and flows.η is prevention its viscous resistance that flows reverse with flow direction that produces between each stratosphere of reflection fluid, and it has arranged the flow capacity of mixture, and η is less, and is faster in identical External Force Acting current downflow.Newly mixing the mobile of self-compacting fill paste is that gravity is greater than τ
0And the result of generation shearing strain.Adopt high efficiency water reducing agent and interpolation adulterant can reduce τ
0Value makes the lotion mixture reach the needed flowability of Self-leveling.So must select high efficiency water reducing agent, the M17 high efficiency water reducing agent can meet the demands.
According to above available data and technology, we select starting material is former mine coal gangue waste material, flyash, normal silicate 425
#Cement, M17 high efficiency water reducing agent and water.
The material mixture ratio Analysis deterrmination:
Paste filling material has satisfactory stability, flowability and plasticity-after being prepared into the lotion that can carry.Wherein flowability refers to that it can flow, and does not produce segregation when mobile, and is not stratified, satisfies simultaneously requirement of strength.The massfraction of lotion is to affect its mobile key factor, increases massfraction, and the flowability of lotion will reduce, and is unfavorable for carrying, and pumping pressure is increased, and transport capacity reduces, and easily causes line clogging; Otherwise, reducing massfraction, the flowability of slurry will be improved, and pumping pressure will be reduced, and improve transport capacity, but need to add exciting agent, make complex technical process.The massfraction of this enforcement lotion is defined as 80%.
Fly ash content is 5%-10% the time, and bleeding quantity is large, and slump is good; When fly ash content was 15%-20%, bleeding quantity was moderate, and slump is good; Greater than 20% the time, slump is less.Along with the rising of flyash ratio, slump diminishes thereupon, and bleeding quantity is also more and more less, and illustrating increases fly ash content, and slip thickens, and bleeding is few, and bulk strength value variation difference is not too greatly, and flyash intensity under 15%-20% proportioning is slightly high.Consider filling slurry to the requirement of bleeding quantity, slump and intensity, the present embodiment fly ash content is defined as 18%.
All get the ratio of flyash 18% and test, along with the increase of cement consumption, slump is along with increase, and the slip flowability is become better and better, and intensity also increases thereupon, and wherein the each side performance is good during cement 10%-15%.Present embodiment cement is defined as 12%.
In the experiment of adding admixture, along with the increase of water reducer ratio, flowability is become better and better, but considers Cost Problems, selects to add 3%-5%M17 high efficiency water reducing agent.Present embodiment is defined as 4%.
Determine that thus rational slip proportioning is: coal gangue 46%, flyash 18%, cement 12%, M17 water reducer 4%, water 20%.
Material is prepared:
Proportioning test shows, spoil is as filling aggregate, for the transportation performance that improves slip and the generation that prevents segregation phenomenon, need to be formed by rational grade, can make compaction material both have good flowing property, have again higher strength property, fragmentation is processed with following requirement to coal gangue for this: (1) maximum particle diameter is less than 25 mm; (2) particle diameter less than particle diameter in the coal gangue of 25mm be 5mm-25mm account for 60%, particle diameter is that the coal gangue of 5mm-10mm accounts for 37% in the coal gangue of 5mm-25 mm, the coal gangue that the coal gangue that the coal gangue of 10mm-15mm accounts for 27%, 15-20mm accounts for 18%, 20mm-25mm accounts for 18%; Coal gangue is by processing less than 25 mm specification, the spoil that processes, mixes by gradation composition according to less than 5mm, 5-10mm, 10-15mm, 15-20mm, five kinds of specification classifications of 20-25mm by grading oscillating screen again, then storage is used by design proportion.
The spoil that fragmentation processes leaves the spoil batch bin in, and flyash, cement, water reducer leave in respectively in separately the tower silo, and water leaves in the water reservoir.
Concentration according to design, and the standby filling slurry of proportional reserve system of coal gangue, flyash, cement, water reducer, and fully mix, guarantee compaction material flowing property, condensation cure performance, down-hole stope filling can reach the overlying strata depression control target of expection.According to material mixture ratio experiment, make the Material Flow performance stable, the pulp density rangeability of casting resin lotion requires to be controlled at ± 0.5% scope in, necessarily require: material (coal gangue, flyash, cement, water reducer, water) metering permissible error≤1.0%; Water content detection permissible error≤0.5%.
Proportioning stirs:
1 weighing: five kinds of material weighings of filling are carried out simultaneously, wherein, four blowing gates are set under each spoil batch bin, stirrer of per two services, four blowing gates are all opened during the batching beginning, spoil is put into weigh belt, and when the spoil dosage arrived design load soon, every measuring belt only stayed a gate blowing, until reach design load, finish the spoil weighing, then start weigh belt and the spoil material loading covers the formula belt, the spoil that weighs up is delivered to filling building spoil buffering bucket; Flyash, cement, water reducer are then reinforced in the scale hooper separately by screw feeder, water then by water pump from the pond to scale hooper in water measurement, reach design load and namely stop metering.2 feed intake: close at the blowing mouth of determining stirrer, stirrer is in sky machine state, opens simultaneously five kinds of materials that scale hooper and spoil buffering bucket will weigh up and drops in the stirrer fast.Close immediately each scale hooper and spoil buffering bucket gate after having thrown material.3 stir: cement consumption is few in the compaction material, need to the churning time longer than general concrete can make the second best in quality casting resin lotion, and according to practical experience, each churning time is set to 50 seconds.4 put lotion: when churning time reaches 50 seconds, stirrer is put the lotion mouth open, put into hopper mixing the casting resin lotion that makes, go into the well for the filling pump delivery.After the material lotion discharges, close immediately and put the lotion door.For raising system lotion ability processed, feed intake finish after, namely carry out next cycle material weighing work, before a upper tank material stirrer was mixed, next circulation was ready to, so constantly circulation is until design objective is all finished.
Test in place:
In the implementation in new positive colliery, " four or six " duty is adopted in working face filling mining design, and per two classes is a circulation, in a circulation, mines and supporting, next class filling are carried out in the gob-side entry retaining tunnel for one class.The class's of coal mining design per tour three cuttves, coalcutter cuts dark 0.8 meter, effective 0.7 meter/cutter of drilling depth, 2 meters calculating of three cutter drilling depths, the class's of coal mining daily footage is 4 meters/day.100 meters of normal operation face length degree, 2.15 meters of mining heights, according to 1.35 tons/cubic metre of coal density, working face recovery ratio 95%, year work considered that a working face had a daily output of 1103 tons/day in 330 days, 36.4 ten thousand ton/years of annual production meet the demands.Annual process a large amount of spoil and flyash, reduce spoil, flyash is processed shared soil, significantly reduce spoil, flyash to the pollution of mine entironment.And can realize safe working under the village, significantly improve resource recovery, avoid workers and peasants' contradiction.New other village protection pillar of Yang Kuang also can be applied packing technique exploitation.The filling mining technology can promote the use of other each ore deposits of domestic and international conditions of similarity, solves the mining problem that each ore deposit three presses down coal and fills unreal problem.
Embodiment 2Pulp density is 75%, and proportioning is coal gangue 45%, flyash 15%, cement 12%, M17 water reducer 3%, water 25%; Particle diameter less than particle diameter in the coal gangue of 25mm be 5mm-25mm account for 55%, particle diameter is that the coal gangue of 5mm-10mm accounts for 30% in the coal gangue of 5mm-25mm, the coal gangue 30% of 10mm-15mm, the coal gangue that the coal gangue of 15mm-20mm accounts for 20%, 20mm-25mm accounts for 20%; Each churning time is set to 40 seconds, and other is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3Pulp density is 85%, and proportioning is coal gangue 55%, flyash 15%, cement 10%, M17 water reducer 5%, water 15%; Particle diameter less than particle diameter in the coal gangue of 25mm be 5mm-25mm account for 65%, particle diameter is that the coal gangue of 5mm-10mm accounts for 40% in the coal gangue of 5mm-25mm, the coal gangue 20% of 10mm-15mm, the coal gangue that the coal gangue of 15mm-20mm accounts for 20%, 20mm-25mm accounts for 20%; Each churning time is set to 60 seconds, and other is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4Pulp density is 83%, and proportioning is coal gangue 45%, flyash 20%, cement 15%, M17 water reducer 3%, water 17%; Particle diameter is that the coal gangue that coal gangue that the coal gangue of 5mm-10mm accounts for 40%, 10mm-15mm in the coal gangue of 5mm-25 mm coal gangue accounts for 30%, 15mm-20mm accounts for 15%, 20mm-25mm accounts for 15%, and other is with embodiment 1.
Claims (2)
1. self-compacting fill paste, it is characterized in that a kind of compaction material with self-compacting ability that is applicable to the coal mine filling exploitation, this self-compacting fill paste is by coal gangue, flyash, cement, high efficiency water reducing agent and water mix in appropriate ratio and form, its lotion pulp density is 75%-85%, its mass percent is coal gangue: flyash: cement: water reducer: water=45%-55%:15%-20%:10%-15%:3%-5%:15%-25%, contained coal gangue is that particle diameter is less than the former mine coal gangue waste material through fragmentation of 25mm, wherein particle diameter be 5mm-25mm account for 55 ~ 65%, particle diameter accounts for 35 ~ 45% less than 5mm's, and be that the coal gangue of 5mm-10mm among 5mm-25mm accounts for 30%-40% at particle diameter, the coal gangue of 10mm-15mm accounts for 20%-30%, the coal gangue of 15mm-20mm accounts for 15%-20%, and the coal gangue of 20mm-25mm accounts for 15%-20%; Contained flyash is I level flyash; Institute's cement is normal silicate 425#; Contained water reducer is that water-reducing rate reaches the M17 high efficiency water reducing agent more than 30%.
2. the preparation technology of the described a kind of self-compacting fill paste of claim 1 is characterized in that:
I, proportioning are determined: take coal gangue, flyash, cement, M17 high efficiency water reducing agent and water as starting material, its raw-material proportioning is: coal gangue 45%-55%, flyash 15%-20%, consolidating material 10%-15%, M17 water reducer 3%-5%, water 15%-25%, finish mix slurry concentration is 75%-85%;
II, proportioning stir:
The first step material is prepared: coal gangue is by processing less than 25 mm specification, the spoil that processes passes through grading oscillating screen, according to less than 5mm, 5-10mm, 10-15mm, 15-20mm, five kinds of specification classifications of 20-25mm, then storage, be used by design proportion, the coal gangue that fragmentation processes leaves the spoil batch bin in, and flyash, cement, water reducer leave in respectively in separately the tower silo, and water leaves in the water reservoir;
The second step weighing: five kinds of material weighings of filling are carried out simultaneously, wherein, four blowing gates are set under the spoil batch bin, stirrer of per two services, four blowing gates are all opened during the batching beginning, spoil is put into weigh belt, and when the spoil dosage arrived design load soon, every measuring belt only stayed a gate blowing, until reach design load, finish the spoil weighing, then start weigh belt and spoil material loading and carry out the formula belt, the spoil that weighs up is delivered to filling building spoil buffering bucket; Flyash, cement, water reducer are then reinforced in the scale hooper separately by screw feeder, water then by water pump from the pond to scale hooper in water measurement, reach design load and namely stop metering;
The 3rd step fed intake: close at the blowing mouth of determining stirrer, stirrer is in sky machine state, opens simultaneously five kinds of materials that scale hooper and spoil buffering bucket will weigh up and drops into fast in the stirrer, closes immediately each scale hooper and spoil buffering bucket gate after having thrown material;
The 4th step stirred: because cement consumption in the compaction material is few, churning time is 40 ~ 60 seconds;
The 5th step put lotion: when churning time reaches 40 ~ 60 seconds, stirrer blowing mouth is opened, put into hopper mixing the casting resin lotion that makes, go into the well for the filling pump delivery, after the material lotion discharges, close immediately and put the lotion door, for raising system lotion ability processed, feed intake finish after, namely carry out next cycle material weighing work, before a upper tank material stirrer was mixed, next circulation was ready to, so constantly circulation is until design objective is all finished.
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| CN113321468A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-08-31 | 北京中煤矿山工程有限公司 | Coal gangue cemented filling material and high-fluidity high-solid-content cemented filling material slurry |
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| CN114956693A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-08-30 | 窑街煤电集团有限公司 | Low-bleeding-rate paste material for layered filling and mining of steeply inclined super-thick coal seam |
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