CN102921551A - Fluorite mineral flotation method - Google Patents
Fluorite mineral flotation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fluorite mineral flotation method. A flotation process of one-segment rough flotation plus scavenging and seven-segment fine flotation is matched with adoption of inhibitors formed by combination of water glass and sodium fluoride, and collecting agents formed by compounding of fatty acid and dimethyl formamide. In the flotation process, fluorites and other minerals in common fluorite minerals, complex fluorite minerals, flotation tailings containing the fluorites, and the like can be effectively separated, and obtained fluorite concentrate products are good in quality and have few impurities. The fluorite mineral flotation method is especially applicable to flotation separation of a large quantity of low-grade fluorite minerals with higher carbonate content, can be used for reducing the content of the impurities in beneficiation products, and has enormous economic benefits and environmental benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mineral separation process method, specifically a kind of flotation separation method of fluorite ore.
Background technology
Fluorite is a kind of strategic mineral, it plays a part very large to the economic development of a country, it is extremely extensive to distribute all over the world, and in China for a long time as one of Dominant Mineral Resources product of foreign exchange earning, it is of many uses, can be used for the industry such as metallurgy, chemical industry, pottery, cement, glass.
The total characteristics of China's flworite resources are that lean ore is many, rich ore is few, and difficult ore dressing is many, easily ore dressing is few, and many, the single ore deposits of mineral intergrowth are few.All the year round, the mineral processing in China technological equipment falls behind, and technical merit is low, and the nonmetallic minerals recovery rate only is 20-40%, and in the more international same industry, the extraction level of mineral products is hanged down the 10-20% percentage point.The processing of fluorspar ores medicament is still take old three sample oleic acid, waterglass and soda ash as main.Because oleic acid is that organic matter is insoluble in water, often be oil droplet, the oil droplet shape floats on liquid level, bad dispersibility has seriously restricted its collecting to active ingredient in the fluorite ore.In recent years, people begin oleic acid is carried out the emulsification modification, improve the rate of recovery of active ingredient with this, though this dispersibility to oleic acid makes moderate progress, performance is also undesirable.For complicated fluorite ore and fluorite mine tailing, it is excessive that existing recovery technique exists the production line fund input, and operating procedure is complicated, and organic efficiency is low, reclaims in the fluorite problems such as poly-doped impurity is a lot of.
Fluorite ore mainly contains 3 types: quartz-fluorite type, quartz-fluorite-barite type, quartz-fluorite-calcite type.Beneficiation method has gravity treatment, magnetic separation to obtain the fluorite concentrate of metallurgical grade, and relieving haperacidity level fluorite concentrate then mainly obtains by floatation.For take quartz as main, the less silicates fluorite ore of carbonate mineral content, make collecting agent, sodium carbonate with oleic acid and adjust agent, waterglass and just can realize with comparalive ease separating of fluorite and gangue as the inhibitor of gangue.And for the separation that contains the more carbonate fluorite ore of calcite and want to realize fluorite, obtain high-quality acid level fluorite concentrate, and viable economically but be very difficulty.Because all contain identical Ca in the lattice of these two kinds of mineral of calcite and fluorite
2+Thereby so that the surface physics of these two kinds of mineral and chemical property are similar, its behavior that acts on the collecting agent of these two kinds of mineral surfaces and inhibitor is similar, is difficult to realize that the economical and efficient of calcite and fluorite separates.
Realize separating of calcite and fluorite, generally be optimized from medicament and technique two aspects.What the fluorite collecting agent was the most frequently used is oleic acid; Suppress the single adjusting agent of calcium mineral and generally select waterglass, sodium metaphosphate, lignosulfonates, dextrin, tannic acid etc., but a lot of reports show, use separately waterglass not strong to the inhibition of calcite, particularly when containing the particulate calcite, fluorite is just more difficult with separating of calcite.No. 157446 patent disclosures of East Germany a kind of N-methyl amido carboxylic acids that adopts as the method for collecting agent sorting fluorite and calcite, can obtain CaF
297.3%, CaCO
31.1% fluorite concentrate.It is simple that the method has technological process, the characteristics such as weak alkaline medium flotation, but when calcite content is higher than fluorite in the raw ore, bad adaptability.
(publication number: CN1032631) disclose a kind of acidified sodium silicate that adopts is the flotation separation method of carbonate fluorite ore of the inhibitor of carbonate mineral to Chinese patent.The method under the common process condition, adopt one section roughly select, four sections selected flotation flowsheets make carbonate realize high-purity the separation with fluorite.As the 1st phase in 1985 " non-ferrous metal. the ore dressing part " upper publication: " research that fluorite separates with Calcite by Flotation ", roughly select operation and continue to use sodium carbonate, waterglass, oleic acid flotation, add acidified sodium silicate when selected and carry out commerical test, Fluorite recovery rate 79.14%, CaF
2Grade 97.62%, but because regime of agent unreasonable fails to reach the primes standard.Test shows that in fact the method concerns comparatively silicate (quartz) the type fluorite ore bad adaptability of the high carbon acid calcium of complexity for mineral embedding cloth such as Suichang of Zhejiang Province adit level grounds, can not obtain qualified fluorite concentrate product.
In addition, flotation tailing is secondary resource, because the mine tailing recovery utilization rate of secondary resource is low, directly causes the bulk deposition of mine tailing.China's mill tailings volume of cargo in storage has reached more than 50 hundred million t at present, and annual speed increment with 2-3 hundred million t, brings very large difficulty for keeping of ecological environment.This secondary resource of mine tailing can be fully utilized again, produce economic benefit, must carry out pointedly tackling key problem research, develop the practical new technology that is suitable for certain mine tailing character, the cost that reduces spoil reclaming and process improves value-added content of product.
For complicated fluorite mineral and the flotation tailing that contains fluorite, also can separate efficiently fluorite and other mineral than effective method at present.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will solve the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, a kind of effectively separate complex fluorite mineral and the fluorite flotation method that contains the flotation tailing of fluorite are provided, adopt the inhibitor of effective decontamination and the effective collecting agent of fluorite sorting in this method for floating, can effectively improve the fluorite concentrate quality by the utmost point.
The present invention solves the technical scheme that its technical problem adopts: the method for floating of this fluorite ore, it is characterized in that: choose raw ore, the ore that accounts for raw ore total amount 56.06%~70% is milled to fineness is-200 orders, breeze behind the mill mixes with the raw ore that does not grind, add water and make the ore pulp of 20%~50% concentration, under 20 ℃~35 ℃ environmental condition, in ore pulp, add adjusting agent, stir, make ore pulp environment pH be in 6.5~8.5, in ore pulp, add inhibitor, collecting agent again, stir, carry out flotation by floator, separate fluorite and impurity, obtain the fluorite concentrate product; The adjusting agent that wherein adopts is sodium carbonate; The inhibitor that adopts is the medicament of waterglass and sodium fluoride combination, and the weight part ratio of waterglass and sodium fluoride is 4:1; The collecting agent that adopts is the compound medicament of aliphatic acid and dimethyl formamide, and the weight part ratio of aliphatic acid and dimethyl formamide is 4:1.5.
Further, flotation comprise carry out at least one roughing, selected, scan when roughly selecting, the waterglass consumption is 400~2000g/t, the sodium fluoride consumption is 100~800g/t; When selected, the waterglass consumption is 80~500g/t, and the sodium fluoride consumption is 20~100g/t.
Further, when roughly selecting, the consumption of collecting agent is 100~800 g/t.
Further, the aliphatic acid in the collecting agent comprises oleic acid or linoleic acid or cocinic acid or acorn nut oleic acid.
Further, will through one roughing, selected after 40%~80% regrinding of products obtained therefrom to fineness-400 order, mix the not product of regrinding and the product behind the regrinding, add 100~500g/t mixed inhibitor, it is selected to carry out the second time.
Further, through for the first time selected, selected chats product returns the section of roughly selecting with scanning froth pulp for the second time; After chats product selected, the 4th selected gained merges for the third time, return and regrind; The 5th time selected, the 6th chats product selected, the 7th selected gained returns selected successively.
Further, through for the first time selected, for the second time selected, for the third time selected, the 4th selected, the 5th selected, the 6th chats product selected, the 7th selected gained return successively selected or concentrated return selected.
Add the mesh that can sign then represent leak this order number before the order number; Negative number representation can leak the mesh of this order number, and namely particle size is less than mesh size; And positive number represents to leak the mesh of this order number, and namely particle size is greater than mesh size.
In this method for floating, sodium fluoride roughly select with selected operation in interpolation can improve the selective of fluorite, collecting agent adopts the composite drug of aliphatic acid and dimethyl formamide can strengthen collecting agent in the effect of fluorite surface absorption, not only effective to calcite type fluorite ore, and also effective to the sorting of fluorite in low-grade and the fluorite mine tailing.The present invention is a kind of effective method for floating to complicated fluorite sorting mineral.
In the floatation process, inhibitor waterglass and sodium fluoride can separately add, and also can mix interpolation; Collecting agent needs to prepare before flotation.
The effect that the present invention is useful is: in method for floating of the present invention with one section roughly select add scan, flotation flowsheet that seven sections selected, and cooperate to adopt the inhibitor that combines with waterglass and sodium fluoride and the collecting agent that is composited with aliphatic acid and dimethyl formamide, can effectively separate common fluorite ore, complicated fluorite mineral during flotation and contain fluorite and other mineral in the mineral such as flotation tailing of fluorite.This method for floating flotation gained concentrate good product quality, the Fluorite recovery rate is good; And strong adaptability, applied range not only can be applied to fluorite-quartz type raw ore and mineral floating mine tailing, also goes for the FLOTATION SEPARATION of fluorite in fluorite-calcite ore and low-grade fluorite ore deposit or other kind mineral.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further specified by the following example, but is not subjected to the restriction of these embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
Select Longquan, Zhejiang Province fluorite mine tailing as raw ore of the present invention, its sample ore multielement chemical composition analysis sees Table 1.
The chemical composition of table 1 ore (%)
Component | Ca | CaF 2 | CaO | BaO | MgO | SiO 2 | Al 2O 3 | K 2O | Na 2O |
Content | 20.27 | 30.12 | 2.38 | 0.26 | 0.18 | 49.50 | 3.47 | 1.64 | 0.076 |
Component | TFe | FeO | Fe 2O 3 | MnO | S | P | C | F | Ig |
Content | 1.27 | 0.30 | 2.38 | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.028 | 0.14 | 17.69 | 5.96 |
The concrete technique of processing of the present invention is: be milled to less than 200 orders to the ore deposit and account for 60%, pulp density 30% adds 1400g/t sodium carbonate and adjusts pH values of pulp=8.5, adds waterglass, roughly selects consumption 400g/t, stirs 3 minutes; Add composite collector (oleic acid: the 400g/t of dimethyl formamide=4:1.5), stirred 3 minutes, flotation is 6 minutes under normal temperature (20 ~ 35 ℃) condition; Froth pulp is selected through primary blank, and the selected froth pulp of gained is regrinded to accounting for 41% less than 400 orders; Begin to add 200 g/t waterglass from for the second time selected, for the first time, for the second time gained chats product with scan froth pulp and (add composite collector 100g/t when scanning operation, stirred 3 minutes, flotation under normal temperature (20 ~ 35 ℃) condition 3 minutes) return together after merging and roughly select; Return after for the third time, the 4th selected gained chats merges and regrind; Five, six, seven selected chats return last operation successively; The process that all sorts all adopts common flotation device, finally obtains CaF
2Grade is 97.89% fluorite concentrate, and the Fluorite recovery rate is 95.13%.
Embodiment 2:
Select the adit level ground fluorite ore of Suichang of Zhejiang Province exploitation as raw ore of the present invention, its raw ore multielement chemical composition analysis sees Table 2, and CaO content is higher in this ore, reaches 4.39%, belongs to the fluorite ore of high carbon acid calcium.The present invention and conventional collecting agent oleic acid are done contrast test.
The chemical composition of table 2 ore (%)
Component | Ca | CaF 2 | CaO | BaO | MgO | SiO 2 | Al 2O 3 | K 2O | Na 2O |
Content | 22.17 | 37.12 | 4.39 | 0.16 | 0.47 | 44.32 | 3.26 | 1.28 | 0.190 |
Component | TFe | FeO | Fe 2O 3 | MnO | S | P | C | F | Ig |
Content | 0.85 | 0.06 | 1.15 | 0.16 | 0.02 | 0.011 | 0.68 | 18.08 | 6.80 |
The concrete technique of processing of the present invention is: be milled to less than 200 orders to the ore deposit and account for 70%, pulp density 30% adds 500g/t sodium carbonate and adjusts pH values of pulp=7.5, adds composite restrainer (waterglass: the agent that adjusts of sodium fluoride=4:1), roughly select consumption 1000g/t, stirred 3 minutes; Add composite collector (oleic acid: the 250g/t of dimethyl formamide=4:1.5), stirred 3 minutes, flotation is 6 minutes under normal temperature (20 ~ 35 ℃) condition; Froth pulp is selected through primary blank, and the selected froth pulp of gained is regrinded to accounting for 60% less than 400 orders; Begin to add waterglass 300 g/t from for the second time selected, for the first time, for the second time gained chats product with scan froth pulp and (scan operation and add composite collector 100g/t, stirred 3 minutes, flotation under normal temperature (20 ~ 35 ℃) condition 3 minutes) return together after merging and roughly select; Return after for the third time, the 4th selected gained chats merges and regrind; Five, six, seven selected chats return last operation successively; The process that all sorts all adopts common flotation device, finally obtains CaF
2Grade is 97.81% fluorite concentrate, and the Fluorite recovery rate is 79.96%.Other technological operations are constant, change composite collector into oleic acid, only can obtain CaF
2The concentrate product of grade 90.38%.
Embodiment 3:
Select the Wuyi In Zhejiang flotation tailing (to contain 29.06% CaF
2, main valuable mineral is fluorite, gangue mineral is take quartz as main, and calcite and a small amount of sericite, irony thing arranged, the sulfide-pyrite of trace), because there being successful floatation process processing, be forced to store up for a long time.Be milled to less than 200 orders to the ore deposit and account for 56.06%, pulp density 30% adds 1000g/t sodium carbonate and adjusts pH values of pulp=7.5, add composition (waterglass: the agent that adjusts of sodium fluoride=4:1), roughly select consumption 1000g/t, stirred 3 minutes; Add composite collector (oleic acid: the 400g/t of dimethyl formamide=4:1.5), stirred 3 minutes, flotation is 6 minutes under normal temperature (20 ~ 35 ℃) condition; The gained froth pulp is regrinded to accounting for 76.18% less than 400 orders; Selected composite restrainer 800 g/t that add for the first time for the second time selectedly begin to add composite restrainer 400 g/t, and selected chats returns last operation successively; The process that all sorts all adopts common flotation device, finally obtains CaF
2Grade is 98.40% fluorite concentrate, and the Fluorite recovery rate is 93.24%.
Embodiment 4:
The raw ore of selecting Qingtian County of Zhejiang to produce, the ore that accounts for raw ore total amount 56.06% is milled to fineness is-200 orders, breeze behind the mill mixes with the raw ore that does not grind, and adds the ore pulp that water is made 20% concentration, under 20 ℃~35 ℃ environmental condition, in ore pulp, add adjusting agent, stir, make ore pulp environment pH be in 6.5, in ore pulp, add inhibitor, collecting agent again, stir, by floator carry out at least one roughing, selected, scan.Will through one roughing, selected after 40% regrinding of products obtained therefrom to fineness-400 order, mix the not product of regrinding and the product behind the regrinding, add the 100g/t mixed inhibitor, it is selected to carry out the second time.Through for the first time selected, selected chats product returns the section of roughly selecting with scanning froth pulp for the second time; After chats product selected, the 4th selected gained merges for the third time, return and regrind; The 5th time selected, the 6th chats product selected, the 7th selected gained returns selected successively.Separate fluorite and impurity, obtain the fluorite concentrate product.The adjusting agent that wherein adopts is sodium carbonate; The inhibitor that adopts is the medicament of waterglass and sodium fluoride combination, and the weight part ratio of waterglass and sodium fluoride is 4:1; The collecting agent that adopts is the compound medicament of aliphatic acid and dimethyl formamide, and the weight part ratio of aliphatic acid and dimethyl formamide is 4:1.5.When roughly selecting, the waterglass consumption is 400g/t, and the sodium fluoride consumption is 100g/t; When selected, the waterglass consumption is 80g/t, and the sodium fluoride consumption is 20g/t.The consumption of collecting agent is 100g/t.Aliphatic acid in the collecting agent is linoleic acid.Obtain fluorite concentrate grade 94.62%, the rate of recovery 82.53%.
Embodiment 5:
The raw ore of selecting Zhejiang Jiaxing to produce, the ore that accounts for raw ore total amount 70% is milled to fineness is-200 orders, breeze behind the mill mixes with the raw ore that does not grind, and adds the ore pulp that water is made 50% concentration, under 35 ℃ environmental condition, in ore pulp, add adjusting agent, stir, make ore pulp environment pH be in 8.5, in ore pulp, add inhibitor, collecting agent again, stir, by floator carry out at least one roughing, selected, scan.Will through one roughing, selected after 80% regrinding of products obtained therefrom to fineness-400 order, mix the not product of regrinding and the product behind the regrinding, add the 500g/t mixed inhibitor, it is selected to carry out the second time.Through for the first time selected, for the second time selected, for the third time selected, the 4th selected, the 5th selected, the 6th chats product selected, the 7th selected gained return successively selected or concentrated return selected.The adjusting agent that wherein adopts is sodium carbonate; The inhibitor that adopts is the medicament of waterglass and sodium fluoride combination, and the weight part ratio of waterglass and sodium fluoride is 4:1; The collecting agent that adopts is the compound medicament of aliphatic acid and dimethyl formamide, and the weight part ratio of aliphatic acid and dimethyl formamide is 4:1.5.When roughly selecting, the waterglass consumption is 2000g/t, and the sodium fluoride consumption is 800g/t; When selected, the waterglass consumption is 500g/t, and the sodium fluoride consumption is 100g/t.The consumption of collecting agent is 800 g/t.Aliphatic acid in the collecting agent is cocinic acid.Obtain fluorite concentrate grade 97.04%, the rate of recovery 90.13%.
Embodiment 6:
The raw ore of selecting Zhejiang dragon trip to produce, the ore that accounts for raw ore total amount 63.03% is milled to fineness is-200 orders, breeze behind the mill mixes with the raw ore that does not grind, and adds the ore pulp that water is made 35% concentration, under 20 ℃~35 ℃ environmental condition, in ore pulp, add adjusting agent, stir, make ore pulp environment pH be in 7.5, in ore pulp, add inhibitor, collecting agent again, stir, by floator carry out at least one roughing, selected, scan.Will through one roughing, selected after 60% regrinding of products obtained therefrom to fineness-400 order, mix the not product of regrinding and the product behind the regrinding, add the 300g/t mixed inhibitor, it is selected to carry out the second time.Through for the first time selected, selected chats product returns the section of roughly selecting with scanning froth pulp for the second time; After chats product selected, the 4th selected gained merges for the third time, return and regrind; The 5th time selected, the 6th chats product selected, the 7th selected gained returns selected successively.The adjusting agent that wherein adopts is sodium carbonate; The inhibitor that adopts is the medicament of waterglass and sodium fluoride combination, and the weight part ratio of waterglass and sodium fluoride is 4:1; The collecting agent that adopts is the compound medicament of aliphatic acid and dimethyl formamide, and the weight part ratio of aliphatic acid and dimethyl formamide is 4:1.5.When roughly selecting, the waterglass consumption is 1200g/t, and the sodium fluoride consumption is 450g/t; When selected, the waterglass consumption is 290g/t, and the sodium fluoride consumption is 60g/t.The consumption of collecting agent is 450g/t.Aliphatic acid in the collecting agent is acorn nut oleic acid.Obtain fluorite concentrate grade 95.47%, the rate of recovery 89.93%.
Embodiment 7:
Select Hunan Ningxiang low-grade fluorite ore deposit (to contain 38.29% CaF
2), be milled to less than 200 orders and account for 65%; Add 1000g/t sodium carbonate and adjust pH values of pulp=7.5, with composition (waterglass: the agent that adjusts of sodium fluoride=4:1), roughly select consumption 1000 g/t, selected consumption 300 g/t, method is with example 1.Obtain fluorite concentrate grade 98.31%, the rate of recovery 83.49%.
Embodiment 8:
Select Chifeng fluorite-barite deposit, contain 48.29%CaF
2, 27.26%BaSO
4, adopt the Conventional flotation technology can only obtain fluorite-barite bulk concentrate product, with composite restrainer (waterglass: sodium fluoride: the agent that adjusts of hydrochloric acid=4:1:0.5), roughly select consumption 950 g/t, selected consumption 500 g/t, method is with example 1.Obtain fluorite concentrate grade 98.07%, the rate of recovery 87.49%.
Above embodiment can find out, the present invention is by application and this floatation process method of composite restrainer and composite collector, the mineral such as fluorite and quartzy, fluorite and calcite are separated, realized the sorting of the complicated mineral such as high-carbon hydrochlorate type fluorite ore, low-grade fluorite ore deposit and flotation tailing.
Although the present invention illustrates and describes by the reference preferred embodiment,, those skilled in the art should understand, and in the scope of claims, can do the various variation on form and the details.
Claims (7)
1. the method for floating of a fluorite ore, it is characterized in that: choose raw ore, the ore that accounts for raw ore total amount 56.06%~70% is milled to fineness is-200 orders, breeze behind the mill mixes with the raw ore that does not grind, add water and make the ore pulp of 20%~50% concentration, under 20 ℃~35 ℃ environmental condition, in ore pulp, add adjusting agent, stir, make ore pulp environment pH be in 6.5~8.5, in ore pulp, add inhibitor, collecting agent again, stir, carry out flotation by floator, separate fluorite and impurity, obtain the fluorite concentrate product; The adjusting agent that wherein adopts is sodium carbonate; The inhibitor that adopts is the medicament of waterglass and sodium fluoride combination, and the weight part ratio of waterglass and sodium fluoride is 4:1; The collecting agent that adopts is the compound medicament of aliphatic acid and dimethyl formamide, and the weight part ratio of aliphatic acid and dimethyl formamide is 4:1.5.
2. the method for floating of fluorite ore according to claim 1 is characterized in that: flotation comprise carry out at least one roughing, selected, scan; When roughly selecting, the waterglass consumption is 400~2000g/t, and the sodium fluoride consumption is 100~800g/t; When selected, the waterglass consumption is 80~500g/t, and the sodium fluoride consumption is 20~100g/t.
3. the method for floating of fluorite ore according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the consumption of collecting agent is 100~800 g/t.
4. the method for floating of fluorite ore according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the aliphatic acid in the described collecting agent comprises oleic acid or linoleic acid or cocinic acid or acorn nut oleic acid.
5. according to claim 2, the method for floating of 3 or 4 described fluorite ores, it is characterized in that: will through one roughing, selected after 40%~80% regrinding of products obtained therefrom to fineness-400 order, mix the not product of regrinding and the product behind the regrinding, add 100~500g/t mixed inhibitor, it is selected to carry out the second time.
6. the method for floating of fluorite ore according to claim 5 is characterized in that: through for the first time selected, selected chats product returns the section of roughly selecting with scanning froth pulp for the second time; After chats product selected, the 4th selected gained merges for the third time, return and regrind; The 5th time selected, the 6th chats product selected, the 7th selected gained returns selected successively.
7. the method for floating of fluorite ore according to claim 5 is characterized in that: through for the first time selected, for the second time selected, for the third time selected, the 4th selected, the 5th selected, the 6th chats product selected, the 7th selected gained return successively selected or concentrated return selected.
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