CN102920553B - Full-isolation multi-functional intensive-care-type ambulance - Google Patents
Full-isolation multi-functional intensive-care-type ambulance Download PDFInfo
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- CN102920553B CN102920553B CN201210449708.6A CN201210449708A CN102920553B CN 102920553 B CN102920553 B CN 102920553B CN 201210449708 A CN201210449708 A CN 201210449708A CN 102920553 B CN102920553 B CN 102920553B
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Abstract
Provided is a full-isolation multi-functional intensive-care-type ambulance. According to the ambulance, two cabins including a driving cab and a rescue cabin of a traditional ambulance are again divided into a care cabin, a passage cabin and an observe cabin. A negative pressure purifier, a medical staff independent respirator, a liquid spraying sterilizer and an independent air conditioner are arranged in the care cabin. A sterilizer, a spraying sterilizer, an independent aspirator, a sterilization waste liquid collector, an independent aspirator and a one-way self-locking device are arranged in the passage cabin. An appliance operation controller, a vehicle-mounted generator, passenger chairs, observation windows and a non-contact-type connecting data port are arranged in the observe cabin. The full-isolation multi-functional intensive-care-type ambulance has the advantages that infection for independent aspiration pipes does not exist; when a breathing mask is sleeved on the face of a person, the person does not smell fragrance in an experimental test in the breathing mask; terminal aspiration end masks of the independent aspiration pipes are arranged in the care cabin and the passage cabin; starting end inlets of the independent aspiration pipes and a filter are arranged in the observe cabin; the care cabin, the passage cabin and the observe cabin are connected through the independent aspiration pipes; and therefore doctors and patients can be completely isolated, and possibility of cross infection through air is eliminated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ambulance, relate in particular to and a kind ofly prevent from infecting source of disease and infect the full isolation Multi-functional intensive care type ambulance to the medical worker in ambulance by air, saliva, vomitus.
Background technology
Along with improving constantly of public health level, particularly answer the prevention and control of pop infectious disease to control in process, to transporting of medical observation personnel, suspected patient and the person of making a definite diagnosis, more professional, more advanced, full isolation more reliably that transhipment and Intensive Care Therapy have proposed, avoids the medical matters person of a line to infect the higher requirement of proposition.For controlling to greatest extent the pollution to environment, transport with transport process in the cross infection of hospitalized patients, guarantee the safety of environment, China's Ministry of Public Health has proposed negative pressure ambulance, on ambulance, be equipped with negative-pressure purification device, and formulated relevant industry standard: 1, pressure relatively, while starting negative pressure device, relative pressure should be at-30Pa～-10Pa in the cabin in.2, high efficiency particulate air filter efficiency, air filter should be greater than 99.7% to particle diameter 03 microparticles aerosol is leached to rate.3, structure and composition, air purifier should be comprised of air inlet, purification air exhausting device, control and monitoring device.Purifying air exhausting device is comprised of air ejector fan and air filtration, disinfector.Air filtration, disinfector should be arranged on the suction inlet that purifies air exhausting device.Air intake outlet should go out to such an extent that diagonal angle principle is arranged substantially according to enterprising lower row after advancing, control and checkout gear should be placed on driver's cabin convenient operation and control.4, effect: 4.1 form relative negative pressure state in rescue in cabin, makes the air in cabin can be arbitrarily to external diffusion.4.2 rational inlet and outlets are arranged, make air cabin in form metastable air-flow, as far as possible minimizing transport with transport process in hospitalized patients cross infection.In 4.3 cabins, air is unified by exhaust outlet, through high efficiency particle air filter device, ultraviolet sterilization apparatus, after purifying, discharges outside car, has guaranteed the safety of environment.
But also there is following shortcoming in above-mentioned negative pressure ambulance: (i) in negative pressure ambulance rescue cabin, Spatial General 6 R all reaches 5-9m
3, space is very large, after negative-pressure purification device is opened, and outer can the reach-80Pa of air pressure maximum of relative car, relative efficiency is also higher.By a large amount of smoke tests, in rescue cabin, relatively negative pressure is when-80Pa state, and in negative pressure cab, air flow is difficult to reach enterprising lower row, the air-flow going out after advancing.Although negative-pressure purification device exhaust outlet is located at patient head, according to smoke test modal patient breathing state, still there is part smog not by timely suction negative-pressure purification device exhaust outlet.Especially, in the situation that patient's sneeze or head swing, in rescue cabin, air is contaminated substantially, thereby very easily causes hospitalized patients cross infection, and in rescue cabin, has personnel and walk about, and in cabin, air-flow is extremely unstable, has more increased the probability of infection.(ii) for the air-tightness of ambulance car body of the reequiping negative pressure value in the cabin of regulation that is difficult to be up to state standards own, the perfect condition that in cabin, air does not leak, particularly vehicle is with in higher speed driving process, through the measurement result to actual field, the places, gap such as local location in cabin, particularly car door, can reach-120Pa of relative barometric pressure～-30Pa, extraneous air can enter these positions, can not realize effective directed air flow in cabin, and hospitalized patients in car is easily caused to cross infection.(iii) air conditioner aspect: when using air conditioner, air conditioner wind direction differs, and during cold air-conditioning, cold air freezes from top to down, and during warm braw, hot blast heats from below to up, can affect relative negative pressure value in rescue cabin and the steady air flow of air to a great extent.(iv) negative pressure ambulance only relates to two cabin thoughts of driving cabin and medical chamber all the time, hospitalized patients is all the time in same environment, to the complexity of air-flow in medical chamber, be uncertain, if patient is severe burn person, medical worker greatly infect hidden danger can to too patient.(v) in negative pressure ambulance, only refer to and purify disinfection apparatus in air exhausting device, do not relate to disinfection way in medical chamber, if adopt artificial sterilization, inevitably to disinfect personnel, bring harm, possess equally the possible probability of cross infection.
A kind of negative pressure ambulance that prevents doctors and patients' cross infection as disclosed in Chinese patent literature CN1806785, it comprises car body, the large plate shelter of sealing being connected with chassis of vehicle body, control device, the large plate shelter of sealing consists of front function cabin and rear medical chamber; Front function cabin is air flow control unit, and rear medical chamber comprises inlet plenum in cabin, and cabin inner gas evacuation chamber is also provided with medical treatment device in cabin; In rear medical chamber, establish sealable hatch door; In the cabin of rear medical chamber, inlet plenum can be selected to communicate with the mixing air chamber in front function cabin, and the cabin inner gas evacuation chamber of rear medical chamber can select to communicate with the air filtration sterilization in front function cabin.The Air Flow of the large plate shelter of this car sealing has three kinds of states, and in case, gas all can be realized and have windstream and barometric gradient.It is by rescue cabin by being divided into two cabins of front function cabin and rear medical chamber, though can reach the effect that forms chamber, it does not solve the several problems that exist in aforementioned existing rescue cabin, therefore do not overcome yet an existing difficult problem, and complex structure, efficiency is low, and economy is not high.
A kind of ambulance inner and outer air pressure as disclosed in Chinese patent literature CN101697933B is poor is the negative ambulance that has special purposes, it comprises car body, head-shield, trachea, negative-pressure purification device in car, described head-shield is semi-enclosed, and its rear portion arranges exhaust outlet, and air vent is connected with negative-pressure purification device in car by trachea.Though this head-shield can reach, patient's expired gas concentration of local is discharged, but it remains semitight state, do not solve the several problems that exist in aforementioned existing rescue cabin, therefore do not overcome yet an existing difficult problem, and this device is necessary for disposable, operability is poor, and cost maintainability is high, and superinfection is dangerous large.
Summary of the invention
It is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art and a kind of full isolation Multi-functional intensive care type ambulance is provided that the present invention wants technical solution problem, makes negative pressure ambulance give more function simultaneously, guarantees medical worker and family members and patient's isolation completely.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme: entirely isolate Multi-functional intensive care type ambulance, it comprises monitoring cabin, passage cabin, astrodome, it is characterized in that: by the driving cabin of traditional ambulance and ambulance two cabin general layouts, be reclassified as: monitoring cabin, passage cabin, astrodome, be respectively equipped with negative-pressure purification device, medical worker's independence respiratory organ, liquid spray disinfector, Independent air conditioning in monitoring cabin; Passage is respectively equipped with disinfector in cabin, spray disinfector, independent respiratory organ, sterilization liquid waste collector, independent respiratory organ, unidirectional self-locking device; In astrodome, be respectively equipped with operation of electrical appliances controller, mobile generator, seat, observation window, contact-free formula connection data port.
On the passage hatch door in described passage cabin, be connected with electronic lock, electronic lock Bonding pressure sensor, pressure transducer and electronic lock be connecting circuit operation control respectively.
The described breather line of relatively concentrating, valve adjustments valve, negative-pressure purification device, breather line is fixed on negative pressure device, and breather line is by more piece pipeline, damping mat on pipeline enclosure rotational pin, damping mat is placed between pipeline and lower pipeline sleeve.
Three cabin general layout platforms are set in described car body.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. air insulated efficiency is high: walking about of medical worker can not affect eupnea effect and efficiency, incoming call and exhalation air one-way conduction in respiratory hood, Hu Bu UNICOM, the air of breathing out in disease population cannot be entered in medical worker's respiration channel, thereby can isolate cross infection between hospitalized patients completely.Can avoid the infection that in patient's vomitus, Excreta and the oral cavity expectorant source of infection, volatilization causes.Test by experiment, when breathing mask opening-wide state, in monitoring cabin, a small amount of smog of omitting, only rests in monitoring cabin, and independent breathing pipeline is not existed to infection; In the time of on breathing mask being set to human face, do not smell the fragrance of experiment test in face shield, independent breathing pipeline and the filter of breathing mask are connected to astrodome, thereby can isolate hospitalized patients completely by the possibility of cross infection between air.
2. easily manufactured, can utilize existing ambulance to reequip, need not increase the sealing of existing vehicle, two cabin general layouts in existing ambulance are changed system into three cabin general layouts, the 3rd cabin of increase is connection, sterilization, interchannel between rescue two cabins, cabin.
3. can meet severe burns victims patient's treatment and transhipment, can avoid medical worker owing to breathing the infection that major burn patients is caused.
4. guarding cabin, interchannel, astrodome has strengthened the measure of disinfecting in each cabin, strengthens Disinfection Effect.
5. patient guards design in cabin and relatively concentrates breather line, and limit minimizing patient's saliva and foam volatilize in whole cabin at most, and can improve patient's breathing comfort level, disinfect conveniently simultaneously.
6. easy to use, independent breathing equipment and interchannel are non-trouble patient and use, and to patient's constraint seldom, reduce patient's the feared state of mind, medical worker and family members can not enter in monitoring cabin, can guard patient equally, are equal to the senior ICU ward of hospital.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that pattern diagram is arranged in car load three cabins of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the result schematic diagram in embodiment of the present invention monitoring cabin.
Fig. 3 is the interchannel result schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the result schematic diagram of embodiment of the present invention astrodome.
Fig. 5 is the johning knot composition of the unidirectional respiratory organ of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the johning knot composition of embodiment of the present invention disinfector.
Fig. 7 is top view of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is side view of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment describes in further detail the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, entirely isolate Multi-functional intensive care type ambulance, comprise monitoring cabin, between interface channel, three regions of astrodome.
As shown in Figure 2, entirely isolate Multi-functional intensive care type ambulance monitoring cabin, comprise unidirectional breathing assembly 1, Independent air conditioning device 2, liquid spray disinfector 4, ultraviolet disinfection lamp 3, ozonateur 5, automatic stretcher 4 and negative-pressure purification device 14 form, medical chamber dischargeable capacity 4.4m
3.
As shown in Figure 3, entirely isolate between Multi-functional intensive care type ambulance interface channel, comprise unidirectional breathing assembly 1, liquid spray disinfector 4, ultraviolet disinfection lamp 9, wind drenches device 6, and negative-pressure purification device 7 and door unidirectional self-locking device 8 form, interchannel dischargeable capacity 1.2m
3.
As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, entirely isolate Multi-functional intensive care type ambulance astrodome, comprise respiratory organ top mouth 9, air conditioner 12, ozonateur 5, ultraviolet disinfection lamp 9, seat 13, observation window 10 and operation of electrical appliances controller 11 form, astrodome dischargeable capacity 8.4m
3.
Shown in diagram 6, above-mentioned unidirectional breathing assembly 1 is by breath mouth 15, medical breathing pipeline 16,17, and three-dimensional single-pass valve 17, negative pressure induction apparatus 18, directly to valve 19, breathing mask 20, circuit is controlled assembly and is formed.
Diagram 2,3, shown in 4, above-mentioned disinfector assembly is by ozonateur 5, ultraviolet disinfection lamp 9, atomization of liquid spray thrower 4 forms.
Diagram 7, shown in Fig. 8, aforesaid liquid spray disinfector 4 is designed to two cabin mutual conduction modes, can be simultaneously to monitoring cabin, interface channel carries out atomization of liquid spray, it is mainly by atomizer 22, vacuum pump, fluid box 24, liquid line 23, controller is connected 21.According to practical situation, atomizer can 1 spray or 4 spray simultaneously, between monitoring cabin and interface channel, be equipped with, at above-mentioned composition simultaneously, also be provided with time controller and spray controller, medical worker enters monitoring cabin patient is processed once needs cabin, controller device enters armed state, after treating that medical worker is to patient handling, while getting back to astrodome from monitoring cabin, between interface channel, medical worker first being carried out to redness warning arranges, medical worker need open spray atomizing sterilization, time controller will be sterilized to the atomizing spray carrying out between interface channel 3 minutes, after after spraying ten minutes, prompting is processed disinfection and isolation clothes, after sensing that isolation clothes are processed, to carry out wind to medical worker and drench processing, pass through timer, wind drenches to be processed after ten minutes, just can point out medical worker can open observation hatch door, this device relates to time controller, infrared ray, sound and light alarm etc.
Above-mentioned pipeline transparent material, adopts food stage silica gel shaping pipe material, and tubing is flexible conduit, can grow by anti-bacteria like this, can guarantee long-time use.
Above-mentioned interchannel front/rear door is by two gate controlled switches, and by the open close road of electric current, notification controller shows front/rear door opening, and after open one end, controlling electric current will be by braking valve, and door capable of being opened does not enter locking state, and outer end in it all cannot be opened.Can guard on hatch door 8 and Fig. 2 astrodome 25 by Fig. 3.
Above-mentioned ozonateur 5, by vehicle-mounted 12V ozonator and time controller, formed, when monitoring cabin and astrodome carry out disinfection sterilization, only need to open ozonator switch, can carry out disinfection to two cabins, according to Disinfection Effect requirement, can carry out 0.5h to ozonator, 1h, 1.5h tri-gear time delay ozonizations, monitoring cabin and astrodome can be opened simultaneously, also can independently open separately.
For regulating the concentrated ventilation negative pressure in rescue cabin, in monitoring cabin, lever arm breather is set, each is managed between arm all can rotate adjusting by elbow joint, can regulate arbitrarily pendulum air port, bottom, the relative negative pressure that guarantees patient is concentrated ventilation, can meet the comfortable of patient again, reduces psychology frightened.
Claims (2)
1. entirely isolate Multi-functional intensive care type ambulance for one kind, it comprises monitoring cabin, passage cabin, astrodome, it is characterized in that: by the driving cabin of traditional ambulance and ambulance two cabin general layouts, be reclassified as: monitoring cabin, passage cabin, astrodome, be respectively equipped with negative-pressure purification device, medical worker's independence respiratory organ, liquid spray disinfector, Independent air conditioning in monitoring cabin; In passage cabin, be respectively equipped with spray disinfector, independent respiratory organ, sterilization liquid waste collector, unidirectional self-locking device; In astrodome, be respectively equipped with operation of electrical appliances controller, mobile generator, seat, observation window, contact-free formula connection data port.
2. full isolation Multi-functional intensive care type ambulance according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: on the passage hatch door in described passage cabin, be connected with electronic lock, electronic lock Bonding pressure sensor, pressure transducer and electronic lock be connecting circuit operation control respectively.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210449708.6A CN102920553B (en) | 2012-11-12 | 2012-11-12 | Full-isolation multi-functional intensive-care-type ambulance |
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| CN201210449708.6A CN102920553B (en) | 2012-11-12 | 2012-11-12 | Full-isolation multi-functional intensive-care-type ambulance |
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| CN102920553A CN102920553A (en) | 2013-02-13 |
| CN102920553B true CN102920553B (en) | 2014-12-10 |
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Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105708629A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-06-29 | 孙汉军 | Negative pressure cabin for intensive care compartment |
| CN110141441A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-08-20 | 华晨专用车装备科技（大连）有限公司 | The isolation cabin device for having negative pressure ventilation epidemic prevention medical functions |
| CN110385149A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-10-29 | 谷瑞金 | A kind of medical environment bactericidal unit preventing transmission |
| CN111329670B (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2021-04-20 | 南京安科医疗科技有限公司 | Square cabin type medical vehicle negative pressure device |
| CN111643282B (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2022-12-06 | 君策环境科技湖北有限公司 | Negative pressure disinfection protection ambulance |
| KR102237865B1 (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2021-04-08 | 세화자동차주식회사 | Ambulance with infectious disease blocking function and method for controlling indoor pressure |
| CN111956405A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-11-20 | 辛盛琛 | Pharynx swab collection vehicle |
| CN111997420A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-11-27 | 杭州震易机床有限公司 | Nursing ward for respiratory infectious diseases |
| EP3967332A3 (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2022-06-01 | Davide Benedetto Bellitteri | System for the sanitization of the interior of a vehicle and method for sanitization thereof |
| CN112432663A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-03-02 | 中航天元防务技术（北京）有限公司 | Mobile laboratory operation safety monitoring system |
| CN114312535A (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-04-12 | 中国人民解放军总医院 | Vehicle-mounted medical shelter system |
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| CN101697933A (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2010-04-28 | 谢建浩 | Negative pressure ambulance |
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Patent Citations (5)
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| US4915435A (en) * | 1989-04-05 | 1990-04-10 | Levine Brian M | Mobile operating room with pre and post-operational areas |
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Address after: 330052 Nanchang County Xiaolan Industrial Park, Nanchang, Jiangxi Patentee after: Jiangxi Jiangling Automobile Group refit vehicle Limited by Share Ltd Address before: 330000 Yingbin Avenue, Jiangxi, Nanchang, No. 2388 Patentee before: JMC Recreational Vehicle Co., Ltd. |