CN102916434A - Optimal configuration and control method for reactive compensation of photovoltaic power station on basis of reactive power consumption - Google Patents
Optimal configuration and control method for reactive compensation of photovoltaic power station on basis of reactive power consumption Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention an optimal configuration and control method for reactive compensation of a photovoltaic power station on the basis of reactive power consumption. The optimal configuration includes the step of static reactive compensation control and the step of dynamic reactive compensation control on certain condition of a detection power grid. On the basis of classified counting of reactive power consumption of the photovoltaic power station, the optimal configuration and control method for reactive compensation of the photovoltaic power station is provided, the reactive power consumption of the photovoltaic power station is divided into two parts, and different compensation devices mounted at different places and different control methods are utilized for implanting the two parts of the reactive power consumption respectively. In addition, the reactive power consumption method is adaptable to the special reactive power consumption rule of the photovoltaic power station during actual running, capable of meeting dynamic reactive power consumption requirements of the photovoltaic power station while saving investment cost and reducing running expenses.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of photovoltaic plant reactive power compensation based on reactive power consumption and distribute control method rationally.
Background technology
Photovoltaic plant adopts the photovoltaic module generating, after inversion, boosting, sends into electrical network.The operation of photovoltaic plant, when illumination reaches some strength, automatically after realization is incorporated into the power networks by control system, the beginning active power of output, the active power of its output, relevant with factors such as region, environment, with intensity of illumination, variations in temperature, its active power of sending is along with the time changes wide fluctuations, and the reactive power that consumes simultaneously is also with dynamic change.
Photovoltaic plant requires the reactive power compensator of configuration certain capacity, the amount of capacity of configuration the design capacity general and power station is proportional, the control method of reactive power compensator is with reference to common Substation Reactive-power Compensation control method, according to voltage and power factor requirement, the reactive power size that control drops into.
Usually, reactive power compensator adopts following three kinds of modes to realize:
1) fixed capacitor FC.Capacitor can compensate the idle of fixed capacity, generally adopts mechanical switch or thyristor switch to control its switching.In the reality, adopt the capacitor grouping, send the switching instruction of each capacitor grouping according to control criterion.
Be characterized in: simple in structure, cost is low, and compensation capacity is fixed, and drops into or grouping of its excision at every turn.Shortcoming is that compensation capacity is affected by line voltage, and when line voltage was low, compensation capacity obviously descended, and dynamically follows the tracks of compensation performance poor.
2) Static Var Compensator SVC.SVC Static Var Compensator (Static Var Compensator) is the quick continuous regulating mechanism of a kind of reactive power based on power electronic technology.Its basic circuit structure is TCR, usually adopt the reactor of two anti-parallel thyristor controls in parallel with one or more groups fixed capacitor FC, consist of two-way reactive power compensator, Trigger Angle by the control thyristor, can make the TCR branch road become a continuous adjustable reactor, thus the reactive power of regulating continuously input coefficient.
Major defect is: produce larger harmonic wave, compensation capacity is subjected to the impact of line voltage, and cost is higher, and advantage is to regulate continuously compensating power.
3) static reacance generator SVG.SVG static reacance generator (Static Var Generator), it is with the voltage source inverter access in parallel electrical network of PWM control, do not need the energy-storage travelling wave tubes such as jumbo electric capacity, inductance, be equivalent to a reactive current source, its reactive current value is not subjected to the impact of system voltage, can provide reactive power support under the lower condition of system voltage, carry out fast reactive power compensation, have that harmonic content is few, control ability is strong, with advantages such as floor space under the capacity are little, cost is high relatively, control is complicated.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of patent of the present invention is in conjunction with the photovoltaic plant operation characteristic, proposes a kind ofly to carry out reactive compensation capacity according to photovoltaic plant reactive power consumption capacity and distribute control method rationally.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme.
Control method is distributed in a kind of photovoltaic plant reactive power compensation based on reactive power consumption rationally, the step that the sure condition that the method comprises the step of static reactive power compensation control, be incorporated into the power networks with detection is carried out dynamic passive compensation control.Its control principle method as shown in Figure 5.
In the step of described static reactive power compensation control, adopt the capacitor compensation of fixed capacity; With the fixed capacitor of static reactive power compensation, be installed in the low-pressure side of photovoltaic plant step-up transformer; The control mode of fixed capacitor compensation arrangement adopts long-term the input.
In the step of described dynamic passive compensation control, adopt the reactive power compensator with dynamic no-power compensation function, i.e. Static Var Compensator SVC or static reacance generator SVG; With dynamic reactive compensation device SVC or SVG, be installed in the high-pressure side of step-up transformer; And according to the photovoltaic plant operating analysis, the Compensation Strategies that consumes based on dynamic reactive is proposed.
Described Compensation Strategies based on dynamic reactive consumption comprises the step of voltage, current measurement, the step that consume reactive power is calculated, the step of dynamic compensation control.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows,
1, investment economy and compensation effect
If photovoltaic plant adopts traditional fixed capacitor to carry out reactive power compensation, although reduce investment outlay, because the photovoltaic power station power generation power dynamics can't realize dynamic tracking, affect compensation effect.Adopt dynamic compensating device fully, then control is complicated, and cost is also very high.Adopt distributing rationally and control method of this patent, although can increase the part initial outlay, can receive good control effect.
2, performance driving economy
When illumination was not enough, photovoltaic plant was in non-and net state, and photovoltaic plant nearly has in 1 year that 50% time is to be in this state on the whole.In this case, the relative electrical network in power station belongs to load, and static reactive power compensation equipment can provide the reactive power consumption of sending circuit and transformer, realizes the principle of electric network reactive-load layering local compensation, reduces simultaneously the power station operating cost.
Photovoltaic plant adopts the proposition reactive power compensation to distribute rationally, and then fixed capacitor only needs all to drop into and gets final product, and is simple to operate, reduced simultaneously the capacity configuration of dynamic reactive compensation device, both reduced investment outlay like this, simultaneously compensation effect is good, and can reduce operating cost, realizes economical operation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is photovoltaic plant static compensation structure chart.
Fig. 2 is photovoltaic plant dynamic compensation structure chart.
Fig. 3 is based on the Compensation Strategies figure that dynamic reactive consumes.
Fig. 4 is photovoltaic plant reactive power compensation overall construction drawing.
Fig. 5 is the control of reactive power compensating figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.
(1) distributes control method rationally based on the reactive power compensation of photovoltaic plant reactive power consumption classified calculating
The reason of classified calculating: the characteristics of photovoltaic plant operation, affected by the sunshine situation, to system's transmission power change meritorious, consume idle with meritorious dynamic change; Stop generating night, the power station absorbs meritorious and idle from electrical network, the loss of transformer and transmission line is provided respectively, consumes the idle of certain capacity.The reactive power consumption in power station is divided into the basis consumes and dynamically consume, can provide foundation for Reactive Compensation Mode and capacity choose reasonable.
The photovoltaic plant reactive power consumption classified calculating method that proposes by to design of photovoltaic power station and ruuning situation analysis, is divided into two parts with the reactive power consumption of photovoltaic plant:
1, basic reactive power consumption part.
Basis in the photovoltaic plant reactive power consumption consumes part, refers to that photovoltaic plant in the situation at night, not yet reaches under the condition of being incorporated into the power networks the part of the fixedly reactive power of consumption.
(1) basic reactive power consumption amount is calculated Δ Q
0
By the photovoltaic plant analysis, learn that basic reactive power consumption part mainly comprises two parts:
A. no-load transformer reactive power consumption Δ Q
To
Computational methods: (Dan Yuan reaches volume, the 103rd page for " electrical energy system basis ", China Machine Press)
S
N: the transformer rated capacity
I
0%: transformer short-circuit electric current percentage
B. circuit is carried the reactive power consumption Δ Q that no-load transformer power causes
L0
Computational methods: (Dan Yuan reaches volume, the 102nd page for " electrical energy system basis ", China Machine Press)
P
T0: the no-load transformer active loss, see the transformer nameplate
Q
T0: the no-load transformer reactive loss
U
N: send the circuit rated voltage
X: send the circuit equivalent reactance
C. basic reactive power consumption amount Δ Q
0
ΔQ
0＝ΔQ
T0+ΔQ
L0
(2) basic reactive power consumption compensation way
The basic reactive power consumption amount of photovoltaic plant is fixed, and therefore adopts the capacitor compensation of fixed capacity.
(3) installation site of fixed capacitor
The fixed capacitor of static reactive power compensation is installed in the low-pressure side of photovoltaic plant step-up transformer, reduces the electric pressure of capacitor, to reduce cost.Collocation structure as shown in Figure 1.
(4) basic the control of reactive power compensating
The control mode of fixed capacitor compensation arrangement adopts long-term the input.
2, dynamic reactive consumes part
Dynamic consumption part in the photovoltaic plant reactive power consumption refers in the photovoltaic electric station grid connection generating, carries in the process of active power dynamic change, the variation reactive power of consumption, and meritorious capacity is relevant with carrying.
(1) the dynamic reactive consumption calculates Δ Q
In photovoltaic plant dynamic reactive consumption calculations, adopt the design of photovoltaic power station peak power to calculate.By to photovoltaic plant operating analysis learn, dynamic reactive consumption part mainly comprises two parts:
A. transformer has the reactive power Δ Q of the consumption of carrying
T
Computational methods: (Dan Yuan reaches volume, the 103rd page for " electrical energy system basis ", China Machine Press)
S
N: the transformer rated capacity
U
d%: transformer load impedance percentage
β: the transformer load rate, during calculating transformer dynamic reactive consumption, should get maximum case 1.
B. send the reactive power Δ Q that circuit consumes
L
Computational methods: (" electrical energy system basis "-China Machine Press-Dan Yuan reaches P102(formula 3-22))
S: photovoltaic plant peak power
U
N: send the circuit rated voltage
X: send the circuit equivalent reactance
C. idle dynamic consumption Δ Q
ΔQ＝ΔQ
T+ΔQ
L
(2) dynamic reactive consumption and compensation mode
Press the result of the dynamic reactive consumption of the photovoltaic plant that following formula calculates, it is the idle maximum case of actual consumption, change with meritorious because of reactive power consumption in the reality, therefore adopt the reactive power compensator with dynamic no-power compensation function, i.e. Static Var Compensator SVC or static reacance generator SVG.Collocation structure as shown in Figure 2.
(3) dynamic reactive compensation device installation site
Dynamic reactive compensation device SVC or SVG, be installed in the high-pressure side of step-up transformer, like this can be by the reactive power of inspection high voltage side of transformer, carry out reasonable compensation, if be installed in low-pressure side, then because inverter is only exported meritoriously, the reactive power consumption situation after the transformer can't be detected, dynamic passive compensation can't be carried out.
(4) dynamic passive compensation control
According to the photovoltaic plant operating analysis, the Compensation Strategies that consumes based on dynamic reactive is proposed.Its process comprises the step of voltage, current measurement, the step that consume reactive power is calculated, the step of dynamic compensation control as shown in Figure 3.
(2) the photovoltaic plant reactive compensation capacity is distributed rationally and compensating control method
In sum, the photovoltaic plant reactive power consumption is being carried out on the basis of classified calculating, proposing the photovoltaic plant reactive compensation capacity distributes rationally and control method, as shown in Figure 4, the reactive power compensation of photovoltaic plant is divided into two parts, and adopts respectively different compensation equipments, different place, the different control methods of employing of installation.This reactive power compensation mode, the peculiar rule of reactive power consumption when being fit to the photovoltaic plant actual motion can satisfy the requirement of photovoltaic plant reactive-load dynamic compensation, and saves cost of investment, reduces operating cost.
Although above-mentionedly by reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described; but be not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various modifications that creative work can make or distortion still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. control method is distributed in the photovoltaic plant reactive power compensation based on reactive power consumption rationally, it is characterized in that, the step that the sure condition that the method comprises the step of static reactive power compensation control, be incorporated into the power networks with detection is carried out dynamic passive compensation control.
2. control method is distributed in the photovoltaic plant reactive power compensation based on reactive power consumption as claimed in claim 1 rationally, it is characterized in that, in the step of described static reactive power compensation control, adopts the capacitor compensation of fixed capacity; With the fixed capacitor of static reactive power compensation, be installed in the low-pressure side of photovoltaic plant step-up transformer; The control mode of fixed capacitor compensation arrangement adopts long-term the input.
3. control method is distributed in the photovoltaic plant reactive power compensation based on reactive power consumption as claimed in claim 1 rationally, it is characterized in that, in the step of described dynamic passive compensation control, employing has the reactive power compensator of dynamic no-power compensation function, i.e. Static Var Compensator SVC or static reacance generator SVG; With dynamic reactive compensation device SVC or SVG, be installed in the high-pressure side of step-up transformer; And according to the photovoltaic plant operating analysis, the Compensation Strategies that consumes based on dynamic reactive is proposed.
4. control method is distributed in the photovoltaic plant reactive power compensation based on reactive power consumption as claimed in claim 3 rationally, it is characterized in that, described Compensation Strategies based on dynamic reactive consumption comprises the step of voltage, current measurement, the step that consume reactive power is calculated, the step of dynamic compensation control.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104362643A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2015-02-18 | 国家电网公司 | Method for calculating reactive compensation configured capacity for wind farm |
| CN104810839A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-07-29 | 成都麦隆电气有限公司 | Reactive power compensation method for transformer |
| CN106849113A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-06-13 | 中国电力科学研究院 | A kind of idle work optimization device appraisal procedure based on numerical model analysis emulation |
| CN107248737A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-10-13 | 湖南大学 | Electrical energy quality compensator installation site and capacity Method for optimized planning |
| CN108199384A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-06-22 | 中盛新能源科技南京有限公司 | A kind of power factor compensation system of photovoltaic power station and its compensation method |
| CN108539786A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-09-14 | 武汉协鑫新能源电力设计有限公司 | A kind of photovoltaic power station reactive power compensator and method |
| CN110334878A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-10-15 | 国网甘肃省电力公司经济技术研究院 | A kind of photo-thermal energy-accumulating power station generated energy optimization method based on typical static model |
| CN113961866A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-01-21 | 国网天津市电力公司 | Method and device for calculating capacity of grid-connected reactive power compensation device based on photovoltaic power station |
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Cited By (10)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104362643A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2015-02-18 | 国家电网公司 | Method for calculating reactive compensation configured capacity for wind farm |
| CN104810839A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-07-29 | 成都麦隆电气有限公司 | Reactive power compensation method for transformer |
| CN106849113A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-06-13 | 中国电力科学研究院 | A kind of idle work optimization device appraisal procedure based on numerical model analysis emulation |
| CN107248737A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-10-13 | 湖南大学 | Electrical energy quality compensator installation site and capacity Method for optimized planning |
| CN107248737B (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2019-11-15 | 湖南大学 | Electrical energy quality compensator installation site and capacity Method for optimized planning |
| CN108199384A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-06-22 | 中盛新能源科技南京有限公司 | A kind of power factor compensation system of photovoltaic power station and its compensation method |
| CN108199384B (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2020-12-04 | 中盛新能源科技南京有限公司 | Power factor compensation system and compensation method of distributed photovoltaic power station |
| CN108539786A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-09-14 | 武汉协鑫新能源电力设计有限公司 | A kind of photovoltaic power station reactive power compensator and method |
| CN110334878A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-10-15 | 国网甘肃省电力公司经济技术研究院 | A kind of photo-thermal energy-accumulating power station generated energy optimization method based on typical static model |
| CN113961866A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-01-21 | 国网天津市电力公司 | Method and device for calculating capacity of grid-connected reactive power compensation device based on photovoltaic power station |
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