CN102915666B - Active and passive instability teaching demonstrator of shield excavation face - Google Patents
Active and passive instability teaching demonstrator of shield excavation face Download PDFInfo
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- CN102915666B CN102915666B CN201210438068.9A CN201210438068A CN102915666B CN 102915666 B CN102915666 B CN 102915666B CN 201210438068 A CN201210438068 A CN 201210438068A CN 102915666 B CN102915666 B CN 102915666B
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- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 right plate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an active and passive instability teaching demonstrator of a shield excavation face. An opened model box is formed by a front panel made of organic glass, three shield body sections are hollow semi-cylinders with same diameter, plane parts of the three shield bodies are sequentially parallel to a bottom plate from top to bottom and are clung to the inner side face of an organic glass plate of the model box, pressure bearing baffle plates, barrels and mobile brackets are sequentially coaxially arranged in the hollow semi-cylindrical surfaces of the right sides of the three shield bodies; lead screws on one ends of three step-shaped long shafts respectively penetrate through respective mobile brackets to be threaded with the barrels, left sides of the three shield bodies are abutted with a left side plate, the other ends of the three step-shaped long shafts penetrate through the left side plate, a metal substrate, gear inner gear baffle gaskets, gears and gear outer gear baffle gaskets to be threaded with nuts on respective shaft ends; and the three gears are fixed on respective shafts by using respective location screws. According to the active and passive instability teaching demonstrator, the deformation and damage process of soil bodies before the pressure bearing baffle plates under three depths can be demonstrated, and the damage condition of the soil bodies can be statically observed under any displacement. The active and passive instability teaching demonstrator can meet the classroom teaching demand.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of demonstration instrument for teaching, especially relate to the moving unstability demonstration instrument for teaching of a kind of shield tunneling face main quilt.
Background technology
Shield method is that construction method is contained on a kind of comparatively advanced top, to retain the culvert construction of tradition top, on the basis of bridges and culverts structure trackside precasting process, structure jacking method for protecting support has been carried out to major reform, change open cut fluting into underground tunneling shield support, tunneling advances the impact of having lowered Construction on Ground activity, in subterranean tunnel culvert construction, widely adopts.
Shield construction utilizes shield machine to implement.Shield structure is to have metal shell, and complete machine and utility appliance are housed in shell, carries out that soil excavation, native slag rafting, complete machine advances and the operation such as section of jurisdiction installation under its shielding, and makes the machinery of tunnel once-forming.
Excavation face in shield construction supporting power choose reasonable is a gordian technique that guarantees construction safety.The existing balanced shield of China (mud and water balance and earth pressure balance) is all to keep the stable object of excavation face by presetting muddy water or native cabin force value to reach.This presetting with the result of adjusting that lags behind can make the surface doming at head place or subside.In recent years, cause excavation face unstability construction accident in the metro shield tunneling in multiple cities, all to have generation because supporting power is too small.Therefore, Shield Tunneling face stability problem is all occupied critical role in scientific research and the activity of relevant speciality course teaching.
Along with the increasing of city track traffic engineering, shield construction becomes one of professional knowledge of engineering technical personnel's selective learning in recent years, also becomes the important course content of colleges and universities' ground specialty class specialty.Give lessons and generally adopt data analysis and figure sheet mode to explain for the excavation face damage of soil body producing in shield construction, student understands comparatively difficulty, develops a kind of instructional device of demonstrating the moving Instability of excavation face main quilt in shield construction very necessary.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of shield tunneling face main quilt to move unstability demonstration instrument for teaching, this device can show that near the soil body of excavation face changes the rule deforming with supporting power, relatively shield body different buried depth affects necromancer body deformability rule in face of excavating, thereby reaches the object that strengthens student's perceptual knowledge, improves students ' interest of study and reinforcement Students ' Learning content understanding.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
The present invention is by the front panel of organic glass, and all the other left plates that are sheet metal, right plate, base plate and backboard form the model casing of opening; The section of the shortest upper shield body, middle shield body and the longest lower shield body is the hollow semicylinder of same diameter, and the planar section of three shield bodies is close to successively from top to bottom the poly (methyl methacrylate) plate medial surface of model casing and is fixed, and the axis of three shield bodies is all parallel to base plate.
One end of three shield bodies is inside near the hollow semi-cylindrical of head of right plate, pressure-bearing baffle plate is coaxially housed respectively from outside to inside successively, swivel nut and traversing carriage, one end screw rod of three step-like major axis passes respectively traversing carriage separately and is threaded with swivel nut, the other end of three shield bodies is respectively near left plate inner side, metal substrate is fixed on left plate outside, the other end of three step-like major axis is through left plate, metal substrate, gear pad in gear separately, gear separately and gear keep off outward after pad, three step-like major axis ends are threaded with shaft end nut separately, three gears are fixed on separately on axle with dog screw separately, and the both sides that are positioned at the step-like major axis separately of metal substrate are equipped with spacing major axis gear pad and Horizontal limiting pad, separately major axis gear pad endoporus and separately step-like major axis for being rotatably assorted.
Three gears are parallel intermeshing, in left plate outside, pinion wheel are also housed, and pinion wheel engages with a middle gear.
The difference in length of the shortest described upper shield body, middle shield body and the longest lower shield body is 3 times of shield body diameters, wherein goes up the not little 2 times of shield body diameters of shield body length.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
The present invention has the shield body of three different buried depth, can demonstrate shield body different buried depth in shield-tunneling construction on pressure-bearing baffle plate before the impact of soil deformation rule and unstability feature.The present invention also has abundant contrast demo function, not only can independently demonstrate the deformation and failure process of the front soil body of pressure-bearing baffle plate under a certain degree of depth, can also demonstrate the deformation and failure process of the front soil body of pressure-bearing baffle plate under three kinds of degree of depth simultaneously; Not only can demonstrate continuously the deformation and failure overall process of the soil body, can also be in static observation damage of soil body situation under any displacement.The present invention moves after can controlling pressure-bearing baffle plate, and soil body settlement failure process before demonstration pressure-bearing baffle plate, also can control the reach of pressure-bearing baffle plate, uplift of soil process before demonstration pressure-bearing baffle plate.In sum, teaching demonstration of the present invention is abundant in content, simple in structure, easy and simple to handle, can meet classroom instruction needs.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural principle schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the A of Fig. 1 is to view.
Fig. 3 is the B-B cut-open view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the Zone R partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the S district partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 1.
In figure: 1, handle, 2, metal substrate, 3, left plate, 4, upper shield body, 5, middle shield body, 6, sand, 7, right plate, 8, pressure-bearing baffle plate, 9, swivel nut, 10, traversing carriage, 11, lower shield body, 12, model casing base plate, 13, major axis, 14, gear keeps off pad outward, 15, shaft end nut, 16, cog, 17, middle gear, 18, dog screw, 19, lower gear, 20, pinion wheel, 21, gear pad in gear, 22, Horizontal limiting pad, 23, gear grommet screw, 24, major axis gear pad, 25, spacing grommet screw, 26, set bolt, 27, front panel, 28 backboards.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is by the front panel 27 of organic glass, and all the other left plate 3, right plate 7, base plate 12 and backboards 28 that are sheet metal form the model casing of opening; The section of the shortest upper shield body 4, middle shield body 5 and the longest lower shield body 11 is the hollow semicylinder of same diameter, the planar section of three shield bodies is close to successively from top to bottom poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 27 medial surfaces of model casing and is fixed, and the axis of three shield bodies is all parallel to base plate 12.
As shown in Figure 1, upper shield body 4, middle shield body 5 are identical with the structure of lower shield body 11, and just the length of three major axis is variant, and upper shield body 4, middle shield body 5 and lower shield body 11 some share same numberings.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, the structure of three shield bodies is as follows:
One end of the longest lower shield body 11 is inside near the hollow semi-cylindrical of head of right plate 7, the first pressure-bearing baffle plate 8 is coaxially housed respectively from outside to inside successively, the first swivel nut 9 and the first traversing carriage 10, one end screw rod of the first step-like major axis 13 is threaded with the first swivel nut 9 through the first traversing carriage 10, the other end of the longest lower shield body 11 is near left plate 3 inner sides, metal substrate 2 is fixed on left plate 3 outsides, the other end of the first step-like major axis 13 is through left plate 3, metal substrate 2, gear pad 22 in the first gear, lower gear 19 and the first gear keep off outward after pad 14, the first step-like major axis 13 ends are threaded with the first shaft end nut 15, lower gear 19 use the first dog screws 18 are fixed on axle, the both sides that are positioned at the first step-like major axis 13 of metal substrate 2 are equipped with spacing the first major axis gear pad 24 and the first Horizontal limiting pad 22, the first major axis gear pad 24 endoporus and the first step-like major axis 13 are for being rotatably assorted,
One end of middle shield body 5 is inside near the hollow semi-cylindrical of head of right plate 7, the second pressure-bearing baffle plate 8 is coaxially housed respectively from outside to inside successively, the second swivel nut 9 and the second traversing carriage 10, one end screw rod of the second step-like major axis 13 is threaded with the second swivel nut 9 through the second traversing carriage 10, the other end of middle shield body 5 is near left plate 3 inner sides, metal substrate 2 is fixed on left plate 3 outsides, the other end of the second step-like major axis 13 is through left plate 3, metal substrate 2, gear pad 22 in the second gear, middle gear 17 and the second gear keep off outward after pad 14, the second step-like major axis 13 ends are threaded with the second shaft end nut 15, middle gear 17 use the second dog screws 18 are fixed on axle, the both sides that are positioned at the second step-like major axis 13 of metal substrate 2 are equipped with spacing the second major axis gear pad 24 and the second Horizontal limiting pad 22, the second major axis gear pad 24 endoporus and the second step-like major axis 13 are for being rotatably assorted,
One end of the shortest upper shield body 4 is inside near the hollow semi-cylindrical of head of right plate 7, the 3rd pressure-bearing baffle plate 8 is coaxially housed respectively from outside to inside successively, the 3rd swivel nut 9 and the 3rd traversing carriage 10, one end screw rod of the 3rd step-like major axis 13 is threaded with the 3rd swivel nut 9 through the 3rd traversing carriage 10, the other end of the shortest upper shield body 4 is near left plate 3 inner sides, metal substrate 2 is fixed on left plate 3 outsides, the other end of the 3rd step-like major axis 13 is through left plate 3, metal substrate 2, gear pad 22 in the 3rd gear, cog 16 and the 3rd gear keep off outward pad 14 after, the 3rd step-like major axis 13 ends are threaded with the 3rd shaft end nut 15, 16 use that cog the 3rd dog screw 18 is fixed on axle, the both sides that are positioned at the 3rd step-like major axis 13 of metal substrate 2 are equipped with spacing the 3rd major axis gear pad 24 and the 3rd Horizontal limiting pad 22, the 3rd major axis gear pad 24 endoporus and the 3rd step-like major axis 13 are for being rotatably assorted,
As shown in Figure 2, cog 16, middle gear 17 and lower gear 19 intermeshing, in left plate 3 outsides, pinion wheel 20 is also housed, pinion wheel 20 engages with middle gear 17.
The difference in length of the shortest upper shield body 4, middle shield body 5 and the longest lower shield body 11 is 3 times of shield body diameters, wherein goes up the not little 2 times of shield body diameters of shield body 4 length.
Principle of work of the present invention is as follows:
Device has the shortest upper shield body 4 of three different buried depth, middle shield body 5 and the longest lower shield body 11, can demonstrate shield body different buried depth in shield-tunneling construction on pressure-bearing baffle plate before the impact of soil deformation rule and unstability feature.First adjust the horizontal level of three pressure-bearing baffle plates, make before pressure-bearing baffle plate to maintain an equal level with shield body front end separately.Then, sand 6 is put into model casing until upper tank mouth, on three gear shafts on the shield body left side, dog screw is all in loosening state.Choose the shield body of a certain suitable buried depth, by a dog screw locking on this shield body left side, handle on rotary pinion 20, the pinion wheel rotation driving, pinion wheel rotates with the gear on the shield body of choosing, the major axis of this shield body also rotates thereupon in swivel nut, drives pressure-bearing baffle plate to move in shield body by traversing carriage, and the anterior soil body of shield body engenders sink deformation.
The present invention also has abundant contrast demo function, the dog screw of a certain shield body is loosened, tighten all the other 2 dog screws, handle drives gear rotation on rotary pinion 20, the major axis of these 2 shield bodies is also rotated thereupon in swivel nut, pressure-bearing baffle plate in shield body moves simultaneously in shield body, and the anterior soil body of shield body is out of shape gradually, contrasts the similarities and differences of the front soil deformation profile of any two shield body pressure-bearing baffle plates.
Claims (2)
1. the moving unstability demonstration instrument for teaching of shield tunneling face main quilt, is characterized in that: by the front panel (27) of organic glass, all the other left plates that are sheet metal (3), right plate (7), base plate (12) and backboard (28) form the model casing of opening; The section of the shortest upper shield body (4), middle shield body (5) and the longest lower shield body (11) is the hollow semicylinder of same diameter, the planar section of three shield bodies is close to successively from top to bottom poly (methyl methacrylate) plate (27) medial surface of model casing and is fixed, and the axis of three shield bodies is all parallel to base plate (12);
One end of three shield bodies is inside near the hollow semi-cylindrical of head of right plate (7), pressure-bearing baffle plate is coaxially housed respectively from outside to inside successively, swivel nut and traversing carriage, one end screw rod of three step-like major axis passes respectively traversing carriage separately and is threaded with swivel nut, the other end of three shield bodies is respectively near left plate (3) inner side, metal substrate (2) is fixed on left plate (3) outside, the other end of three step-like major axis is through left plate (3), metal substrate (2), gear pad in gear separately, gear separately and gear keep off outward after pad, three step-like major axis ends are threaded with shaft end nut separately, three gears are fixed on separately on axle with dog screw separately, and the both sides that are positioned at the step-like major axis separately of metal substrate (2) are equipped with spacing major axis gear pad and Horizontal limiting pad, separately major axis gear pad endoporus and separately step-like major axis for being rotatably assorted,
Three gears are parallel intermeshing, in left plate outside, pinion wheel are also housed, and pinion wheel engages with a middle gear.
2. the moving unstability demonstration instrument for teaching of a kind of shield tunneling face main quilt according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the difference in length of the shortest described upper shield body (4), middle shield body (5) and the longest lower shield body (11) is 3 times of shield body diameters, wherein goes up shield body (4) length and is not less than 2 times of shield body diameters.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210438068.9A CN102915666B (en) | 2012-11-06 | 2012-11-06 | Active and passive instability teaching demonstrator of shield excavation face |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210438068.9A CN102915666B (en) | 2012-11-06 | 2012-11-06 | Active and passive instability teaching demonstrator of shield excavation face |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102915666A CN102915666A (en) | 2013-02-06 |
| CN102915666B true CN102915666B (en) | 2014-05-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201210438068.9A Active CN102915666B (en) | 2012-11-06 | 2012-11-06 | Active and passive instability teaching demonstrator of shield excavation face |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103117020B (en) * | 2013-02-20 | 2014-10-08 | 苏州科技学院 | Experimental facility for simulating shield tunnel dynamically boring causing ground loss and surface subsidence |
| CN103278376B (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2015-01-14 | 浙江大学 | Test device of stability control model of earth pressure balance shield excavation surface |
| CN106198931B (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-06-08 | 浙江大学城市学院 | A kind of experimental rig simulated shield segmented and excavated |
| CN109523898B (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2020-11-10 | 中铁隧道集团二处有限公司 | Demonstration method for simulating surface uplift and settlement in shield tunneling machine tunneling process |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201307365Y (en) * | 2008-10-20 | 2009-09-09 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Simulating shield machine for tunnel boring test |
| CN201297175Y (en) * | 2008-11-11 | 2009-08-26 | 西南交通大学 | Soil pressure balancing-type shield construction process simulating tester |
| CN203026035U (en) * | 2012-11-06 | 2013-06-26 | 浙江大学 | Shield excavation face active and passive instability teaching demonstration instrument |
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