CN102912091B - Method and cooling system for improving comprehensive mechanical property of normalized steel plate - Google Patents
Method and cooling system for improving comprehensive mechanical property of normalized steel plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN102912091B CN102912091B CN201210391614.8A CN201210391614A CN102912091B CN 102912091 B CN102912091 B CN 102912091B CN 201210391614 A CN201210391614 A CN 201210391614A CN 102912091 B CN102912091 B CN 102912091B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the comprehensive mechanical property of a normalized steel plate. The running time of the steel plate in a heating region in a normalizing furnace is reasonably prolonged and the running time of the steel plate in a thermal insulation region in the normalizing furnace is reasonably shortened, so that the austenite grain growth is avoided to provide favorable conditions for subsequent accelerated cooling. The steel plate is quickly cooled to be 600-700 DEG C from the normalizing temperature in a way of normalizing, atomizing and cooling, so that the mist cooling with higher heat exchange efficiency increases the supercooling degree of the structural transformation of the steel plate and effectively prevents the austenite grain growth; and grains are refined, so that the effect of improving the strength by structure refinement in the heat treatment process of the steel plate is given full play. The invention further provides a cooling system for improving the comprehensive mechanical property of the normalized steel plate. Therefore, the equipment is simple, the investment is low, the surface quality of the steel plate can be improved, and the practicality is better.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to improve the method for steel plate comprehensive mechanical property, refer to particularly a kind of method and cooling system thereof that improves normalized steel plate comprehensive mechanical property.
Background technology
Normalizing process is that steel is heated to Ac3(or Acm) above 30～50 ℃ of point, after insulation certain hour, cooling thermal treatment process in air.Because the speed of cooling of air cooling is slower, crystal grain also can agglomeration in the process of air cooling, causes armor plate strength to reduce, so adopt the method for air cooling after normalizing, the plate property obtaining can not meet the needs of actual production.If select than air cooling faster speed of cooling carry out coolingly, obtain the tissue of refinement more, the comprehensive mechanical property of steel plate will further improve.Therefore after normalizing, select a kind of suitable process for cooling to be of great significance for the tissue and the comprehensive mechanical property tool that improve steel plate.
At present, after solution normalizing, armor plate strength method on the low side mainly contains:
(1) exploitation of quenching press cooling pattern
Existing quenching press is arranged on after normalizing furnace the water cooling equipment for cooling metal sheets.While using this equipment, by closing quenching press part water-cooled section, and discharge and the steel plate upper and lower surface water ratio of other water-cooled section be accurately set, the parameters such as roller-way travelling speed, make quenching press water-cooled intensity suitable, cooling with the acceleration realizing after steel plate normalizing, reach the transformation of controlling steel plate interior tissue, put forward high-intensity object.
(2) the cooling and cooling combination of laminar flow of aerosol or aerosol are cooling and spray cooling combination
A set of refrigerating unit is installed after normalizing furnace, and methods for cooling is the cooling and cooling combination of laminar flow of aerosol or aerosol is cooling and spray cooling combination.Laminar flow is cooling is cooled to water-cooled with injection, and its water pressure is 0.1～0.5MPa; It is cooling that aerosol is cooled to gas-vapor mix, and its hydraulic pressure is 0.1～0.6MPa, and the cooling air pressure of aerosol is 0.15～0.8MPa.Realize in this way after normalizing the acceleration of steel plate cooling, crystal grain thinning, improves the comprehensive mechanical property of steel plate.
Above two kinds of methods are the main method that solve at present steel plate air cooling low strength after normalizing, are all by controlling cooling mode after normalizing, to improve the interior tissue of steel plate, reach the object that improves armor plate strength.But above two kinds of methods exist some problems in the process of implementing:
For method (1), owing to being to adopt quenching press to realize to accelerate cooling, so after normalizing, steel plate must first just can enter stove through ball blast, and quenching furnance is generally non-oxidation furnace, radiator tube heating, and thermo-efficiency is low, and quenching furnance cost of equipment maintenance is high.During production, for the high-low pressure water system quenching, must keep normal operation, its production cost is high.
For method (2), the collocation of the design of the nozzle relating in refrigerating unit, the type of cooling is had relatively high expectations.Aqueous vapor proportioning is stable just can guarantee cooling evenly, cooling range is narrow, the surface quality of steel plate after normalizing is had relatively high expectations, if steel plate has produced iron scale in stove, adopt when cooling in this way and easily make steel plate inhomogeneous cooling even, and iron scale is easily bonded in surface of steel plate.
Meanwhile, above two kinds of methods have only been considered to accelerate cooling technique after steel plate is come out of the stove, and do not consider the impact of heating on plate property, have some limitations.
In sum, after normalizing, accelerating cooling mode has become a kind of Main Means that improves intensity of normalized steel plate, but current technology also exists some limitation.Therefore, develop new technology significant.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome by thermo-mechanical rolling method and produce steel plate, after normalizing, intensity, often lower than the defect of standard min, provides a kind of heating by control steel plate, insulation, process of cooling to improve method and the cooling system thereof of normalized steel plate comprehensive mechanical property.
For achieving the above object, the method for the raising normalized steel plate comprehensive mechanical property that the present invention is designed, comprises the following steps:
(1) while adopting normalizing furnace to process steel plate, by steel plate with the speed of V1 by heating zone, steel plate is heated, then with the speed of V2 by heat preservation zone, steel plate is incubated;
(2) after insulation finishes, utilize hydraulic pressure to be that the water smoke of 0.2～0.8MPa carries out steel plate cooling, speed of cooling is 10～30 ℃/s, and the final cooling temperature of steel plate is 500～750 ℃;
Wherein, steel plate spacing in the length-steel plate length-stove of V1=(heating zone)/heating zone working time;
Definite method of described heating zone working time is: according to steel plate thickness of slab, calculate the required heat-up time of target temperature that steel plate reaches normalizing heating, formula is 1.3 ~ 1.6min/mm * steel plate thickness, is heating zone working time this heat-up time; It should be noted that, the target temperature of its normalizing heating of different steel plate kinds is different, target temperature be defined as prior art, can derive or test according to conventional experimental formula and draw, then in conjunction with heating power and the practical situation of normalizing furnace, from above-mentioned formula, 1.3 ~ 1.6min/mm selects suitable coefficient.
V2=heat preservation zone length/heat preservation zone working time, described heat preservation zone working time is 10～20 minutes.
Preferably, described step 2) also comprise, before water smoke is cooling, utilize pressurized gas to purge surface of steel plate, to remove the iron scale of its surface attachment, after water smoke is cooling, utilize pressurized gas to purge surface of steel plate, to remove residual its surperficial water coolant.
Described step 2) speed of cooling in is preferably 15～25 ℃/s, and the final cooling temperature of steel plate is preferably 600～700 ℃.
The hydraulic pressure of the water smoke described step 2) is preferably 0.4～0.6MPa.
The present invention also provides a kind of cooling system that improves normalized steel plate comprehensive mechanical property, comprise roller-way, described roller-way is setting up and down water mist cooling apparatus, the side that is positioned at the roller-way of described water mist cooling apparatus front and back is equipped with air-out towards the pressurized gas blow device of roller-way inner side, described water mist cooling apparatus comprises the many groups of nozzles that are arranged on roller-way above and below, every group of nozzle be along roller shaft to setting, and successively decrease from roller-way edge to the spacing between roller-way center position nozzle.
Described pressurized gas blow device comprises a plurality of gas jets that are arranged on the oblique lower air-out of roller-way top.
The angle of the air-out direction of described a plurality of gas jets and roller-way place plane is 135～150 °
Described a plurality of gas jet is along the direction away from water mist cooling apparatus, and its length increases progressively, with the purging scope of enlargement gas nozzle.
The air outlet of described gas jet is flat air outlet, and to improve wind speed, and flat air outlet can further expand purging scope.
Described water mist cooling apparatus is for providing the refrigerating unit of 0.2～0.8Mpa pressure water smoke.High-pressure water mist, atomization is more even, is conducive to evenly and is fast steel plate cooling.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the method for the raising normalized steel plate comprehensive mechanical property providing, tool has the following advantages: (1) utilizes high-power burner for wide, Plate Steel in heating zone, fast heating at high temperature, after insulation certain hour, quick tapping, avoided Austenite Grain Growth, favourable condition is provided for follow-up acceleration is cooling.(2) adopt the cooling mode of atomization after normalizing, steel plate is cooled to 600 ~ 700 ℃ from normalizing temperature rapidly, has reduced the cooling time of steel plate on cold bed, has improved the utilising efficiency of cold bed.(3) by the cooling condensate depression that has improved the structural transformation of steel plate of the higher water smoke of heat exchanger effectiveness, effectively stop Austenite Grain Growth, crystal grain thinning, the structure refinement having fully played in steel plate hot treating processes is proposed high-intensity effect.Adopt the cold but limit of power of water smoke control large, water directly connects from quenching press elevated tank, and pressure-stabilisation, by the reasonable Arrangement of water smoke cooling jet, has realized laterally cooling homogeneity of steel plate.(4) by add compressed air blowing cleaner before water mist cooling apparatus, can effectively avoid steel plate to be attached to surface of steel plate at the iron scale through water mist cooling apparatus rear surface, affect the surface quality of steel plate; By add compressed air blowing cleaner after water mist cooling apparatus, can effectively avoid residual water to rock on steel plate and make steel plate inhomogeneous cooling.The iron scale of peeling off in process of cooling is blown off simultaneously, avoid steel plate to return after red and stick on surface of steel plate, affect surface quality.
The steel plate that application the inventive method is produced, plasticity and toughness that the yield strength of steel plate can improve 50 ~ 100MPa while steel plate remain unchanged substantially, and a properties percent of pass of steel plate improves greatly, has saved cost, has reduced energy consumption.
In addition, the cooling system of raising normalized steel plate comprehensive mechanical property provided by the invention, its equipment is simple, and less investment can improve plate surface quality, has good practicality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of the cooling system of raising normalized steel plate comprehensive mechanical property of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is A-A sectional structure schematic diagram of water mist cooling apparatus in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structure for amplifying schematic diagram of nozzle in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the structure for amplifying schematic diagram of pressurized gas blow device in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of gas jet in Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the perspective view of gas jet.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
Take steel grade Q370qE as example, the method that improves normalized steel plate comprehensive mechanical property is described in detail in detail, the specification of steel grade Q370qE: thick 60mm * wide 2500mm * long 12000mm.
The first step: utilize experimental formula to calculate steel plate Ac3 temperature spot, Andrews formula:
Ac3=910－203C
1/2－15.2Ni+44.7Si+104V+31.5Mo+13.1W，
Be applicable to C≤0.6wt%, Mn≤4.9wt%, Cr≤5wt%, Ni≤5wt%, Mo≤5.4wt%, (wt% mass percent), determines and show that the target temperature of steel grade Q370qE heating is 880 ± 10 ℃ according to the calculated value of Ac3.
Second step: steel plate thickness of slab calculates the required heat-up time of target temperature that steel plate reaches normalizing heating, and formula is 1.3 ~ 1.6min/mm * steel plate thickness, is heating zone working time this heat-up time;
Consider the target temperature of above-mentioned heating and the heating power of normalizing furnace, select coefficient 1.33min/mm, be 80 minutes heat-up time that draws steel grade Q370qE.
In normalizing furnace, heating zone length is 65000mm, heat preservation zone length 22000mm, and steel plate spacing 1000mm in stove, soaking time is chosen as 10 minutes.
Heating zone speed and holding-zone speed are respectively:
Heating zone speed V1=(65000-12000-1000)/80=650mm/min=0.65m/min
Holding-zone speed V2=22000/10=2200mm/min=2.2m/min
If automatically calculated according to stove in existing method, the result drawing is as follows:
The travelling speed of steel plate=(164367-77834)/90=745.33mm/min ≈ 0.86m/min
According to the above-mentioned data that calculate, first adopt normalizing furnace to process steel plate, the speed by steel plate with V1 heats steel plate by heating zone, and then the speed with V2 is incubated steel plate by heat preservation zone;
After steel plate is come out of the stove, enter acceleration cooled region, carry out water smoke cooling, water smoke pressure 0.5MPa, final cooling temperature is controlled at 700 ℃, 25 ℃/S of speed of cooling, and before water smoke is cooling, utilize pressurized gas to purge surface of steel plate, to remove the iron scale of its surface attachment, after water smoke is cooling, utilize pressurized gas to purge surface of steel plate, to remove residual its surperficial water coolant.Steel plate afterbody leaves behind control cold-zone, is positioned at when control cold-zone detection grating below can't detect steel plate signal and closes refrigerating unit, and steel plate enters straightener to cold bed air cooling after having gone out refrigerating unit.
Experimental result
The method that the steel plate of 2 crowdes of steel grade Q370qE adopts respectively existing normalizing and method of cooling and employing raising normalized steel plate of the present invention comprehensive mechanical property below, the end properties comparison that obtains.
Q370qE performance after the conventional normalizing of table 1
The Q370qE performance that table 2 the inventive method obtains
From upper example, can find out, the heat-up time that amended method can extending steel plate high-power burner region before stove, allow steel plate be heated fully, thereby guarantee that steel plate is protected technological temperature within the process time of regulation.
After adopting the inventive method to process, the properties percent of pass of steel grade Q370qE is brought up to more than 99% by 88%.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Fig. 1 ~ 6, a kind of cooling system that improves normalized steel plate comprehensive mechanical property, comprise roller-way 1, roller-way 1 is setting up and down water mist cooling apparatus 2, the side that is positioned at the roller-way 1 of water mist cooling apparatus 2 front and back is equipped with air-out towards the pressurized gas blow device 3 of roller-way 1 inner side, and water mist cooling apparatus 2 comprises the many groups of nozzles 4 that are arranged on roller-way 1 above and below, and every group of nozzle 4 axially arranges along roller-way 1, and from roller-way 1 edge to roller-way 1 center position, the spacing between nozzle 4 is successively decreased.On roller-way 1, the steel plate 7 of operation is the steel plate to be cooled of process normalizing treatment in normalizing furnace.
As Fig. 4, the nozzle 4 adopting in the present embodiment is complete tapered spraying nozzle, 67 ° of jet angles.In order to make the water smoke of each nozzle 4 ejections even, nozzle 4 can be divided into a plurality of groups, each group connects separately water inlet pipe, and water can directly connect from quenching press elevated tank, and pressure-stabilisation, to avoid because water inlet is mutually interfered and caused steel plate inhomogeneous cooling.
As shown in Fig. 5,6,7, pressurized gas blow device 3 comprises a plurality of gas jets 5 that are arranged on the oblique lower air-out of roller-way 1 top.The angle of the air-out direction of gas jet 5 and roller-way 1 place plane is 135～150 degree.A plurality of gas jets 5 are along the direction away from water mist cooling apparatus 2, and its length increases progressively.The air outlet 6 of gas jet 5 is flat air outlet.
Water mist cooling apparatus 2 is for providing the refrigerating unit of 0.2～0.8Mpa pressure water smoke.
Claims (4)
1. a method that improves normalized steel plate comprehensive mechanical property, is characterized in that: said method comprising the steps of:
1) while adopting normalizing furnace to process steel plate, the speed by steel plate with V1 heats steel plate by heating zone, and then the speed with V2 is incubated steel plate by heat preservation zone;
2) after insulation finishes, utilize pressure to be that the water smoke of 0.4～0.6MPa carries out steel plate cooling, speed of cooling is 15～25 ℃/s, and the final cooling temperature of steel plate is 600～750 ℃;
Wherein, V1=(heating zone length-steel plate length-stove in steel plate spacing)/heating zone working time, unit is m/min;
Definite method of described heating zone working time is: according to steel plate thickness of slab, calculate the required heat-up time of target temperature that steel plate reaches normalizing heating, formula is 1.3～1.6min/mm * steel plate thickness, is heating zone working time this heat-up time;
V2=heat preservation zone length/heat preservation zone working time, unit is m/min, and described heat preservation zone working time is 10～20min;
Wherein, described step 2) in, before water smoke is cooling, utilize pressurized gas to purge surface of steel plate, to remove the iron scale of its surface attachment, after water smoke is cooling, utilize pressurized gas to purge surface of steel plate, to remove residual its surperficial water coolant.
2. a cooling system that improves normalized steel plate comprehensive mechanical property, comprise roller-way (1), described roller-way (1) is setting up and down water mist cooling apparatus (2), it is characterized in that: the side that is positioned at the roller-way (1) of described water mist cooling apparatus (2) front and back is equipped with air-out towards the pressurized gas blow device (3) of roller-way (1) inner side, described water mist cooling apparatus (2) comprises the many groups of nozzles (4) that are arranged on roller-way (1) above and below, every group of nozzle (4) axially arranges along roller-way (1), and successively decrease from roller-way (1) edge to the spacing between roller-way (1) center position nozzle (4), described pressurized gas blow device (3) comprises a plurality of gas jets (5) that are arranged on the oblique lower air-out of roller-way (1) top, described a plurality of gas jet (5) is along the direction away from water mist cooling apparatus (2), its length increases progressively, the angle of the air-out direction of described a plurality of gas jet (5) and roller-way (1) place plane is 135～150 °.
3. improve according to claim 2 the cooling system of normalized steel plate comprehensive mechanical property, it is characterized in that: the air outlet (6) of described gas jet (5) is flat air outlet.
4. improve according to claim 2 the cooling system of normalized steel plate comprehensive mechanical property, it is characterized in that: described water mist cooling apparatus (2) is for providing the refrigerating unit of 0.2～0.8Mpa pressure water smoke.
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| CN103276187B (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2014-12-03 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Process for improving comprehensive mechanical performances of weld of high-frequency straight welded tube |
| CN103834792B (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2015-12-30 | 东北大学 | A kind of steel plate continuous roll type quenching process |
| CN104894349A (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2015-09-09 | 南通恒新金属工艺科技有限公司 | Water cooling device for treating multiple steel wires |
| CN104963225B (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2017-08-25 | 南通恒新金属工艺科技有限公司 | Many steel wire induction heating water cooling production lines |
| CN109576474A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-04-05 | 宝钢湛江钢铁有限公司 | A kind of slab quick normalizing cooling device and its method |
| CN114317899A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-04-12 | 舞阳钢铁有限责任公司 | Method for improving surface quality of large-thickness steel plate produced by roller type quenching furnace |
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| CN101831532A (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2010-09-15 | 北京科技大学 | Accelerated cooling process method carried out after steel plate normalizing |
| CN102424902A (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2012-04-25 | 东北大学 | Vapor cooling system for use in offline heat treatment of thin medium and thick plates |
| CN202337799U (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2012-07-18 | 嘉兴市新纪元钢管制造有限公司 | Water mist cooling device of steel pipe |
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| CN101831532A (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2010-09-15 | 北京科技大学 | Accelerated cooling process method carried out after steel plate normalizing |
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