Improve method and the cooling system thereof of normalized steel plate comprehensive mechanical property
Technical field
The present invention relates to improve the method for steel plate comprehensive mechanical property, refer to particularly a kind of method and cooling system thereof that improves the normalized steel plate comprehensive mechanical property.
Background technology
Normalizing process is that steel is heated to Ac3(or Acm) put above 30~50 ℃, behind the insulation certain hour, the thermal treatment process of in air, cooling off.Because the speed of cooling of air cooling is slower, crystal grain also can agglomeration in the process of air cooling, causes armor plate strength to reduce, so adopt the method for air cooling after the normalizing, the plate property that obtains can not satisfy the needs of actual production.If select than air cooling faster speed of cooling cool off, obtain the tissue of more refinement, the comprehensive mechanical property of steel plate will further improve.Therefore after normalizing, select a kind of suitable process for cooling to be of great significance for the tissue that improves steel plate and comprehensive mechanical property tool.
At present, armor plate strength method on the low side mainly contains after the solution normalizing:
(1) exploitation of quenching press cooling pattern
Existing quenching press is arranged on the water cooling equipment that normalizing furnace is used for cooling metal sheets afterwards.When using this equipment, by closing quenching press part water-cooled section, and discharge, and the steel plate upper and lower surface water ratio of other water-cooled section be set accurately, the parameters such as roller-way travelling speed, make quenching press water-cooled intensity suitable, acceleration cooling with after the normalizing of realization steel plate reaches the transformation of control steel plate interior tissue, puies forward high-intensity purpose.
(2) aerosol cooling and laminar flow cooling combination or aerosol cooling and shower cooling combination
One cover refrigerating unit is installed behind normalizing furnace, and methods for cooling is aerosol cooling and laminar flow cooling combination or aerosol cooling and shower cooling combination.Laminar flow cooling and shower cooling are water-cooled, and its water pressure is 0.1~0.5MPa; Aerosol is cooled to the gas-vapor mix cooling, and its hydraulic pressure is 0.1~0.6MPa, and aerosol cooling air pressure is 0.15~0.8MPa.Realize in this way the acceleration cooling of steel plate after the normalizing, crystal grain thinning improves the comprehensive mechanical property of steel plate.
Above two kinds of methods are the main method that solve at present steel plate air cooling low strength after the normalizing, all are the interior tissues of improving steel plate by the mode of control cooling after the normalizing, reach the purpose that improves armor plate strength.But above two kinds of methods exist some problems in the process of implementing:
Owing to being to adopt quenching press to realize accelerating cooling, so steel plate must just can advance stove through ball blast first after the normalizing for method (1), and quenching furnance is generally non-oxidation furnace, the radiator tube heating, and thermo-efficiency is low, and the quenching furnance cost of equipment maintenance is high.During production, the high-low pressure water system that is used for quenching must keep normal operation, and its production cost is high.
For method (2), the design of the nozzle that relates in the refrigerating unit, the collocation of the type of cooling are had relatively high expectations.The aqueous vapor proportioning is stable can guarantee that just cooling evenly, cooling range is narrow, the surface quality of steel plate after the normalizing is had relatively high expectations, if steel plate has produced iron scale in stove, easily make the steel plate inhomogeneous cooling even when adopting this method cooling, and iron scale easily is bonded in surface of steel plate.
Simultaneously, above two kinds of methods have only been considered the come out of the stove technique of rear acceleration cooling of steel plate, consider that on the impact of plate property, there is certain limitation in heating.
In sum, the mode of accelerating cooling after the normalizing has become a kind of Main Means that improves intensity of normalized steel plate, but present technology also exists some limitation.Therefore, the new technology of exploitation is significant.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome by the thermo-mechanical rolling method and produce steel plate, intensity often is lower than the defective of standard min after the normalizing, provides a kind of heating by the control steel plate, insulation, process of cooling to improve method and the cooling system thereof of normalized steel plate comprehensive mechanical property.
For achieving the above object, the method for the raising normalized steel plate comprehensive mechanical property that the present invention is designed may further comprise the steps:
When (1) adopting normalizing furnace to process steel plate, with steel plate with the speed of V1 by the heating zone, steel plate is heated, then with the speed of V2 by heat preservation zone, steel plate is incubated;
(2) after insulation finished, utilizing hydraulic pressure was that the water smoke of 0.2~0.8MPa cools off steel plate, and speed of cooling is 10~30 ℃/s, and the final cooling temperature of steel plate is 500~750 ℃;
Wherein, steel plate spacing in V1=(heating zone length-steel plate length-stove)/heating zone working time;
Definite method of described heating zone working time is: calculate the required heat-up time of target temperature that steel plate reaches the normalizing heating according to the steel plate thickness of slab, formula is 1.3 ~ 1.6min/mm * steel plate thickness, is heating zone working time this heat-up time; Need to prove, the target temperature of its normalizing heating of different steel plate kinds is different, target temperature be defined as prior art, can derive or test according to experimental formula commonly used and draw, then in conjunction with heating power and the practical situation of normalizing furnace, 1.3 ~ 1.6min/mm selects suitable coefficient from above-mentioned formula.
V2=heat preservation zone length/heat preservation zone working time, described heat preservation zone working time is 10~20 minutes.
Preferably, described step 2) also comprise, before the water smoke cooling, utilize pressurized gas to purge surface of steel plate, to remove the iron scale of its surface attachment, after the water smoke cooling, utilize pressurized gas to purge surface of steel plate, to remove residual its surperficial water coolant.
Described step 2) speed of cooling in is preferably 15~25 ℃/s, and the final cooling temperature of steel plate is preferably 600~700 ℃.
The hydraulic pressure of the water smoke described step 2) is preferably 0.4~0.6MPa.
The present invention also provides a kind of cooling system that improves the normalized steel plate comprehensive mechanical property, comprise roller-way, described roller-way is setting up and down water mist cooling apparatus, the side that is positioned at the roller-way of described water mist cooling apparatus front and back is equipped with air-out towards the pressurized gas blow device of roller-way inboard, described water mist cooling apparatus comprises that many groups are arranged on the nozzle of roller-way above and below, every group of nozzle be along roller shaft to setting, and successively decrease from the roller-way edge to the spacing between the roller-way center position nozzle.
Described pressurized gas blow device comprises a plurality of gas jets that are arranged on the oblique lower air-out of roller-way top.
The angle on the air-out direction of described a plurality of gas jets and plane, roller-way place is 135~150 °
Described a plurality of gas jet is along the direction away from water mist cooling apparatus, and its length increases progressively, with the purging scope of enlargement gas nozzle.
The air outlet of described gas jet is flat air outlet, and with the raising wind speed, and flat air outlet can further enlarge the purging scope.
Described water mist cooling apparatus is for providing the refrigerating unit of 0.2~0.8Mpa pressure water smoke.High-pressure water mist atomizes more even, is conducive to evenly and is fast the steel plate cooling.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the method for the raising normalized steel plate comprehensive mechanical property that provides, have following advantage: (1) utilizes high-power burner for wide, Plate Steel in the heating zone, fast heating at high temperature, behind the insulation certain hour, quick tapping, avoided Austenite Grain Growth, for follow-up acceleration cooling provides favourable condition.(2) adopt the mode of atomizing cooling after the normalizing, steel plate is cooled to 600 ~ 700 ℃ from normalizing temperature rapidly, has reduced the cooling time of steel plate on cold bed, has improved the utilising efficiency of cold bed.(3) improve the condensate depression of the structural transformation of steel plate by the higher water smoke cooling of heat exchanger effectiveness, effectively stoped Austenite Grain Growth, crystal grain thinning, the structure refinement that has fully played in the steel plate hot treating processes is proposed high-intensity effect.Adopt the cold but limit of power of water smoke control large, water directly connects from the quenching press elevated tank, and pressure-stabilisation by the reasonable Arrangement of water smoke cooling jet, has realized the laterally homogeneity of cooling of steel plate.(4) by before water mist cooling apparatus, adding compressed air blowing cleaner, can effectively avoid steel plate to be attached to surface of steel plate at the iron scale through the water mist cooling apparatus rear surface, affect the surface quality of steel plate; By behind water mist cooling apparatus, adding compressed air blowing cleaner, can effectively avoid residual water to rock at steel plate and make the steel plate inhomogeneous cooling.Simultaneously the iron scale of peeling off in the process of cooling is blown off, avoid steel plate to return and stick on surface of steel plate after red, affect surface quality.
Use the steel plate that the inventive method is produced, plasticity and toughness that the yield strength of steel plate can improve 50 ~ 100MPa while steel plate remain unchanged substantially, and a properties percent of pass of steel plate improves greatly, has saved cost, has reduced energy consumption.
In addition, the cooling system of raising normalized steel plate comprehensive mechanical property provided by the invention, its equipment is simple, and less investment can improve plate surface quality, has preferably practicality.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of the cooling system of raising normalized steel plate comprehensive mechanical property of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional structure schematic diagram of water mist cooling apparatus among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structure for amplifying schematic diagram of nozzle among Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the structure for amplifying schematic diagram of pressurized gas blow device among Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of gas jet among Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the perspective view of gas jet.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1
Take steel grade Q370qE as example, the method that improves the normalized steel plate comprehensive mechanical property is described in detail in detail, the specification of steel grade Q370qE: thick 60mm * wide 2500mm * long 12000mm.
The first step: utilize experimental formula to calculate steel plate Ac3 temperature spot, the Andrews formula:
Ac3=910-203C
1/2-15.2Ni+44.7Si+104V+31.5Mo+13.1W,
Be applicable to C≤0.6wt%, Mn≤4.9wt%, Cr≤5wt%, Ni≤5wt%, Mo≤5.4wt%, (wt% mass percent), the target temperature of determining to draw steel grade Q370qE heating according to the calculated value of Ac3 is 880 ± 10 ℃.
Second step: the steel plate thickness of slab calculates the required heat-up time of target temperature that steel plate reaches the normalizing heating, and formula is 1.3 ~ 1.6min/mm * steel plate thickness, is heating zone working time this heat-up time;
Consider the target temperature of above-mentioned heating and the heating power of normalizing furnace, select coefficient 1.33min/mm, be 80 minutes heat-up time that draws steel grade Q370qE.
Heating zone length is 65000mm in the normalizing furnace, steel plate spacing 1000mm in the heat preservation zone length 22000mm, stove, and soaking time is chosen as 10 minutes.
Then heating zone speed and holding-zone speed are respectively:
Heating zone speed V1=(65000-12000-1000)/80=650mm/min=0.65m/min
Holding-zone speed V2=22000/10=2200mm/min=2.2m/min
If automatically calculate according to stove in the existing method, the result who draws is as follows:
The travelling speed of steel plate=(164367-77834)/90=745.33mm/min ≈ 0.86m/min
According to the above-mentioned data that calculate, at first adopt normalizing furnace to process steel plate, the speed of steel plate with V1 is heated steel plate by the heating zone, then the speed with V2 is incubated steel plate by heat preservation zone;
After steel plate is come out of the stove, enter the acceleration cooled region, carry out the water smoke cooling, water smoke pressure 0.5MPa, final cooling temperature are controlled at 700 ℃, 25 ℃/S of speed of cooling, and before the water smoke cooling, utilize pressurized gas to purge surface of steel plate, to remove the iron scale of its surface attachment, after the water smoke cooling, utilize pressurized gas to purge surface of steel plate, to remove residual its surperficial water coolant.After the steel plate afterbody leaves the control cold-zone, be positioned at when the detection grating of controlling the back, cold-zone can't detect the steel plate signal and close refrigerating unit, steel plate enters straightener to the cold bed air cooling after having gone out refrigerating unit.
Experimental result
The below is the method that the steel plate of 2 crowdes of steel grade Q370qE adopts respectively existing normalizing and method of cooling and employing raising normalized steel plate of the present invention comprehensive mechanical property, the institute's end properties that obtains comparison.
Q370qE performance after the conventional normalizing of table 1
The Q370qE performance that table 2 the inventive method obtains
From upper example, can find out, amended method can extending steel plate in the heat-up time of the high-power burner region in stove front, allow steel plate be heated fully, thereby guarantee that steel plate is protected technological temperature within the process time of regulation.
After adopting the inventive method to process, the properties percent of pass of steel grade Q370qE is brought up to more than 99% by 88%.
Embodiment 2
Shown in Fig. 1 ~ 6, a kind of cooling system that improves the normalized steel plate comprehensive mechanical property, comprise roller-way 1, roller-way 1 is setting up and down water mist cooling apparatus 2, the side that is positioned at the roller-way 1 of water mist cooling apparatus 2 front and back is equipped with air-out towards the pressurized gas blow device 3 of roller-way 1 inboard, and water mist cooling apparatus 2 comprises that many groups are arranged on the nozzle 4 of roller-way 1 above and below, and every group of nozzle 4 axially arranges along roller-way 1, and from roller-way 1 edge to roller-way 1 center position, the spacing between the nozzle 4 is successively decreased.The steel plate 7 of operation is the steel plate to be cooled of process normalizing treatment in the normalizing furnace on the roller-way 1.
Such as Fig. 4, the nozzle 4 that adopts in the present embodiment is complete tapered spraying nozzle, 67 ° of jet angles.Even for the water smoke that makes each nozzle 4 ejections, nozzle 4 can be divided into a plurality of groups, each organizes the independent water inlet pipe that connects, and water can directly connect from the quenching press elevated tank, and pressure-stabilisation is to avoid owing to the mutual interference of water inlet causes the steel plate inhomogeneous cooling.
Shown in Fig. 5,6,7, pressurized gas blow device 3 comprises a plurality of gas jets 5 that are arranged on the oblique lower air-out of roller-way 1 top.The angle on the air-out direction of gas jet 5 and plane, roller-way 1 place is 135~150 degree.A plurality of gas jets 5 are along the direction away from water mist cooling apparatus 2, and its length increases progressively.The air outlet 6 of gas jet 5 is flat air outlet.
Water mist cooling apparatus 2 is for providing the refrigerating unit of 0.2~0.8Mpa pressure water smoke.