CN102909356A - Hydraulic simulation device capable of controlling ingot segregation and method - Google Patents
Hydraulic simulation device capable of controlling ingot segregation and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102909356A CN102909356A CN2012103885510A CN201210388551A CN102909356A CN 102909356 A CN102909356 A CN 102909356A CN 2012103885510 A CN2012103885510 A CN 2012103885510A CN 201210388551 A CN201210388551 A CN 201210388551A CN 102909356 A CN102909356 A CN 102909356A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hydraulic simulation device capable of controlling ingot segregation and a method, which belong to the field of casting, ingot casting and metallurgy. The device adopts a structure that water pumps are positioned in casting ladles and connected with flowmeters by pipelines; the flowmeters are connected with casting tundishes by flexible pipes; stoppers are plugged into water outlets of the casting tundishes; and fiber-optics probes are mounted at the water outlets of the casting tundishes and on a probe bracket positioned on the bottom surface in an ingot mold organic glass model and connected with signal amplifiers by optical fiber cables. The method is accomplished by the device and comprises the steps of obtaining a standard curve through colored aqueous solutions in different concentrations, injecting the coloured aqueous solutions in the different concentrations of the same solute into the casting ladles, starting a system, obtaining readings of the signal amplifiers, and finally obtaining a concentration variation curve of the colored solutions at different positions by combining the standard curve. The device and the method can use the colored solutions to simulate the diffusion and segregation of the solute in a metal bath, the sensitivity is high, and the interference with liquid flow is small.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to casting, ingot casting and field of metallurgy, particularly a kind of hydraulics simulating device and method of ingotism control.
Background technology
In foundry goods, ingot casting and continuous casting were produced, flowing of liquid metal directly affected the quality of product.Because the Flowing Hard of liquid metal directly to observe, adopts the water simulation to study usually.In ingot casting especially large-scale steel ingot was produced, segregation was one of subject matter.Segregation is not only mobile relevant with liquid metal, and relevant with the diffusion of solute; Therefore, existing hydraulic analogy method is difficult to satisfy the needs of ingotism research.Many bag placingJi Shus are macrotype ingot aliquation control new technologies, the different many bags liquid metal of composition of namely pouring into a mould by control sequence, initial concentration is inhomogeneous after realizing the ingot casting cast, offset segregation in the process of setting, finally make alloying elements distribution even, this technology also needs the hydraulic analogy experimental verification.The salting liquids that adopt represent alloy element concentration more in the simulated experiment of steel ingot water, and its measurement of concetration mainly uses the different electric conductivity of the impact of solution concentration refractive index and solion etc.; Relevant apparatus generally adopts electrical measuring instrument, refractometer, spectrometer or salinometer.These instruments have specific requirement to the kind of measuring solution, and selected solution is not had versatility.And these devices be difficult for to install in hydraulic model, probe large and install after current are produced larger disturbance, affect the accuracy that hydraulic analogy is tested; In addition, sensitivity and the response speed of these equipment are lower, are difficult to reflect the real-time change of concentration.
Therefore, ingotism research needs feasible water simulation system, needs to solve solute and selects and the measurement of concetration problem.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defective that exists in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of hydraulics simulating device and method of ingotism control, adopt colored solutions simulation alloy element concentration, adopt the method for optical fiber measurement solution light transmission capacity to measure solution concentration and variation thereof.
The hydraulics simulating device structure of described ingotism control is as follows:
Described device comprises signal amplifier, optical fiber cable, U-shaped fibre-optical probe, probe bracket 4, ingot mould organic glass model 5, cast tundish 6, cast tundish delivery port 7, flexible pipe 8, flowmeter, water pump, casting ladle and cast stopper rod of tundish 14;
Wherein, first water pump 111 is positioned at 101, the second water pumps 112 of first casting ladle and is positioned at 102, the three water pumps 113 of second casting ladle and is positioned at the 3rd casting ladle 103; Described first water pump 111 links to each other with an end that is positioned at first casting ladle 101 first flowmeter 91 outward by pipeline, second water pump 112 links to each other with an end that is positioned at second casting ladle 102, second flowmeter 92 outward by pipeline, and the 3rd water pump 113 links to each other with an end that is positioned at the 3rd casting ladle 103 the 3rd flowmeter 93 outward by pipeline; After the other end of first flowmeter 91, second flowmeter 92 and the 3rd flowmeter 93 converges, link to each other with cast tundish 6 by flexible pipe 8; One end plug of described cast stopper rod of tundish 14 enters to pour into a mould tundish delivery port 7, outflow in order to control cast tundish 6 interior liquid: an end plug of cast stopper rod of tundish 14 does not enter to pour into a mould tundish delivery port 7 when cast tundish 6 is not poured into a mould, and mentions cast stopper rod of tundish 14 fully and make it break away from cast tundish delivery port 7 when 6 cast of cast tundish;
First U-shaped fibre-optical probe 31 is fixed on the inwall of cast tundish delivery port 7, by first optical fiber cable 21 be positioned at cast tundish 6 first signal amplifiers 11 outward and link to each other; Described probe bracket 4 is vertically mounted on the bottom surface of ingot mould organic glass model 5; Second U-shaped fibre-optical probe 32 and the 3rd U-shaped fibre-optical probe 33 are installed on the described probe bracket 4, and mobile along the vertical direction on probe bracket 4; Described second U-shaped fibre-optical probe 32 links to each other by second optical fiber cable 22, second signal amplifier 12 outer with being positioned at ingot mould organic glass model 5; Described the 3rd U-shaped fibre-optical probe 33 links to each other by the 3rd optical fiber cable 23 the 3rd signal amplifiers 13 outer with being positioned at ingot mould organic glass model 5;
The quantity of described signal amplifier, optical fiber cable, U-shaped fibre-optical probe is consistent, and its quantity is 2 to a plurality of; The quantity of described flowmeter, water pump and casting ladle is consistent, and its quantity is 2 to a plurality of;
Described probe bracket 4 can be selected 1 ~ 10 according to actual needs; The U-shaped fibre-optical probe that is positioned on each probe bracket 4 can be selected 1 ~ 10 according to actual needs;
Described U-shaped fibre-optical probe has two kinds of versions:
(1) Reflection type fiber-optic probe mounting means: fiber-optic signal transmitter 41 and fiber-optic signal receiver 42 are installed in the homonymy of U-shaped support 43; The offside of fiber-optic signal transmitter 41 is equipped with reflecting surface 44 on U-shaped support 43;
(2) correlation fibre-optical probe mounting means: fiber-optic signal transmitter 41 and fiber-optic signal receiver 42 are installed in respectively the both sides of U-shaped support 43, and are positioned on the same level line;
Two relative pitch of fins of described U-shaped support 43 with adjusting laser reflection or correlation distance, thereby realize that the solution concentration measurement category is adjustable from being variable; In reflection type optical fiber head mounting means, the fiber-optic signal transmitter 41 of U-shaped fibre-optical probe and the distance between the reflecting surface 44, or definite principle of the distance between fiber-optic signal transmitter 41 and the fiber-optic signal receiver 42 is in correlation optical fiber head mounting means: in measured solution concentration excursion, the reading of signal amplifier is near the median of its range, and excursion is about 2mm ~ 30mm.
The method of utilizing described device to carry out the hydraulic analogy of ingotism control comprises the steps:
(1) select tape look solute (such as methyl blue), the colored water solution of preparation 5-20 kind variable concentrations; Each wherein a kind of solution of concentration of selecting is injected into first casting ladle 101; Mention cast stopper rod of tundish 14, open first water pump 111, the colored solutions in first casting ladle 101 is pumped into cast tundish 6, it is flowed in the ingot mould organic glass model 5; Open the light transmission capacity data of second signal amplifier, 12 record colored solutions; So test respectively the light transmission capacity of each concentration colored water solution; The data that obtain are carried out the relation that linear fit obtains signal amplifier reading u and concentration of aqueous solution c, as shown in the formula:
c=au-b
A, b are respectively coefficient and the constant term that match obtains in the formula;
The colored water solution of multiple variable concentrations is prepared in the requirement of (2) pouring into a mould according to many bags, is contained in respectively in each casting ladle; In general, wrap the requirement of cast according to large-sized casting ingot, the colored water solution of preparation 2 ~ 5 bag variable concentrations more;
(3) will pour into a mould stopper rod of tundish 14 and fill in cast tundish delivery port 7; Open first water pump 111, the colored solutions in first casting ladle 101 is pumped into cast tundish 6, the flow by first flowmeter 91 control colored water solution makes liquid level arrive 1/2 ~ 2/3 scope height of cast tundish 6;
(4) open whole signal amplifiers; Mention cast stopper rod of tundish 14, allow colored solutions flow out from cast tundish delivery port 7, the light transmission capacity data of signal amplifier record colored solutions;
(5) when the whole colored solutions in first casting ladle 101 pump into cast tundish 6, open second water pump 112, colored solutions in second casting ladle 102 is pumped into cast tundish 6, influx by second flowmeter, 92 control colored water solution, the liquid level of the colored solutions in the cast tundish 6 is remained unchanged, until the whole colored solutions in second casting ladle 102 are pumped to cast tundish 6; Open the 3rd water pump 113, colored solutions in the 3rd casting ladle 103 is pumped into cast tundish 6, influx by the 3rd flowmeter 93 control colored water solution, the liquid level of the colored solutions in the cast tundish 6 is remained unchanged, until the whole colored solutions in the 3rd casting ladle 103 are pumped to cast tundish 6; In this process, colored water solution continues to flow out from cast tundish delivery port 7, and all signal amplifier continues the light transmission capacity data of record colored solutions, until the colored solutions in the cast tundish 6 all is poured into ingot mould organic glass model 5;
(6) the whole signal amplifiers of processing continue the light transmission capacity data of the colored solutions of record, respectively it are processed to distribute obtaining being arranged in the concentration curve of the colored solutions of pouring into a mould tundish delivery port (7) and ingot mould organic glass model (5) diverse location place according to formula: c=au-b.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
In the hydraulic analogy experiment, use diffusion and the segregation of solute in the colored solutions simulation metal bath.
Design the U-shaped optical-fiber probe device that is fit to in-site measurement, install smaller and more exquisite, react sensitiveer, little to the mobile interference of liquid.By the fiber-optic signal amplifier, realize the data that light intensity changes are carried out high accuracy, sensitivity, gathered in real time, the speed of image data is higher, can reach 5 times/s.Determined that fibre-optical probe measures the method for the relation of the scaling method of colored solution concentration and light transmission capacity and solution concentration, can conveniently be used for the water-model test of ingotism control, as stop curve (RTD), the many bags of research pouring technologies etc. in the middle of measuring.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is apparatus structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of U-shaped fibre-optical probe;
Wherein, Fig. 2 a is the Structure of Reflecting Optical Fibre Probe schematic diagram; Fig. 2 b is correlation fibre-optical probe structural representation;
Fig. 3 is the methyl blue solution concentration that records of the embodiment of the invention and the correlation curve figure of solution actual concentrations;
Fig. 4 is positioned at the concentration results curve map that the U-shaped fibre-optical probe at cast middle water containing opening place records in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is arranged in the concentration results curve map that the U-shaped fibre-optical probe that is cast with the machine glass model records in the embodiment of the invention;
Wherein, curve G represents the concentration results curve map that second fibre-optical probe 32 records; Curve H represents the concentration results curve map that the 3rd fibre-optical probe 33 records.
The specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
(1) connects various device according to device schematic diagram shown in Figure 1: first U-shaped fibre-optical probe 31 is fixed on the inwall of cast tundish delivery port 7, second U-shaped fibre-optical probe 32 and the 3rd U-shaped fibre-optical probe 33 are fixed on the probe bracket 4; Optical fiber cable selection standard M6 mirror based fiber optica pair in the present embodiment, the distance between fiber-optic signal transmitter 41 and the reflecting surface 44 is 10mm;
(2) select methyl blue, the colored water solution of 7 kinds of variable concentrations of preparation: be respectively 0 mg/L(distilled water), 20mg/L, 40mg/L, 50mg/L, 100mg/L, 200mg/L, 400mg/L; Since 0 mg/L(distilled water) methyl blue solution, the order that increases progressively successively according to concentration, test in the following manner respectively the light transmission capacity of each concentration methyl blue aqueous solution: the methyl blue aqueous solution is injected first casting ladle 101, mention cast stopper rod of tundish 14, open first water pump 111, the methyl blue aqueous solution in first casting ladle 101 is all pumped into cast tundish 6, and it is flowed in the ingot mould organic glass model 5; Open the light transmission capacity data of second signal amplifier, 12 record colored solutions; The data that obtain are carried out the relation that linear fit obtains signal amplifier reading u and concentration of aqueous solution c, as shown in the formula:
c=439-0.227u
Through demarcating, draw the rule between reading and the concentration after, the concentration of methyl blue solution is measured, after the concentration results measured and actual concentrations were compared, worst error was no more than 5%; Measurement result as shown in Figure 3;
Methyl blue aqueous solution 20mg/L, 10mg/L, 5mg/L that three kinds of variable concentrations are prepared in the requirement of (2) pouring into a mould according to many bags inject respectively first casting ladle 101, second casting ladle 102 and the 3rd casting ladle 103;
(4) will pour into a mould stopper rod of tundish 14 and fill in cast tundish delivery port 7, open first water pump 111, flow by first flowmeter 91 control methyl blue aqueous solution, the methyl blue aqueous solution in first casting ladle 101 is pumped into cast tundish 6, until liquid level reaches 2/3 height of cast tundish 6;
(5) open first signal amplifier 11, second signal amplifier 12 and the 3rd signal amplifier 13, mention cast stopper rod of tundish 14, allow the methyl blue aqueous solution flow out from cast tundish delivery port 7, the light transmission capacity data of first signal amplifier 11, second signal amplifier 12 and the 3rd the signal amplifier 13 record methyl blue aqueous solution;
(6) after the methyl blue aqueous solution in first casting ladle 101 all is pumped to cast tundish 6, open second water pump 112, flow by second flowmeter, the 92 control methyl blue aqueous solution pumps into cast tundish 6 with the methyl blue aqueous solution in second casting ladle 102; By the influx of second flowmeter, the 92 control methyl blue aqueous solution, cast tundish 6 interior methyl blue aqueous solution liquid levels are remained unchanged; After the whole methyl blue aqueous solution in second casting ladle 102 are pumped to cast tundish 6, open the 3rd water pump 113, the flow by the 3rd the flowmeter 93 control methyl blue aqueous solution pumps into cast tundish 6 with the methyl blue aqueous solution in the 3rd casting ladle; By the influx of the 3rd the flowmeter 93 control methyl blue aqueous solution, cast tundish 6 interior methyl blue aqueous solution liquid levels are remained unchanged, until the whole methyl blue aqueous solution in the 3rd casting ladle 103 are pumped to cast tundish 6;
In said process, the methyl blue aqueous solution continues to flow out from cast tundish delivery port 7, first signal amplifier 11, second signal amplifier 12 and the 3rd signal amplifier 13 continue the light transmission capacity data of the record methyl blue aqueous solution, all are poured in the ingot mould organic glass model 5 until pour into a mould the tundish 6 interior methyl blue aqueous solution;
(7) process the light transmission capacity data that first signal amplifier 11, second signal amplifier 12 and the 3rd signal amplifier 13 continue the colored solutions of record, with its by formula (3) process the concentration curve of the methyl blue aqueous solution that obtains being arranged in cast tundish delivery port 7 and ingot mould organic glass model 5 diverse location places of distributing.
Be positioned at the measurement result of first U-shaped fibre-optical probe 31 of pouring into a mould tundish delivery port 7 as shown in Figure 4, the realistic rule of result.
Be arranged in ingot mould organic glass model 5 diverse locations the U-shaped fibre-optical probe measurement result as shown in Figure 5, the realistic rule of result.
Claims (4)
1. the hydraulics simulating device of ingotism control is characterized in that described apparatus structure is as follows:
Described device comprises signal amplifier, optical fiber cable, U-shaped fibre-optical probe, probe bracket (4), ingot mould organic glass model (5), cast tundish (6), cast tundish delivery port (7), flexible pipe (8), flowmeter, water pump, casting ladle and cast stopper rod of tundish (14);
Wherein, first water pump (111) is positioned at first casting ladle (101), and second water pump (112) is positioned at second casting ladle (102), and the 3rd water pump (113) is positioned at the 3rd casting ladle (103); Described first water pump (111) links to each other by an end of pipeline first flowmeter (91) outer with being positioned at first casting ladle (101), second water pump (112) links to each other by an end of pipeline second flowmeter (92) outer with being positioned at second casting ladle (102), and the 3rd water pump (113) links to each other by an end of pipeline the 3rd flowmeter (93) outer with being positioned at the 3rd casting ladle (103); After the other end of first flowmeter (91), second flowmeter (92) and the 3rd flowmeter (93) converges, link to each other with cast tundish (6) by flexible pipe (8); One end plug of described cast stopper rod of tundish (14) enters to pour into a mould tundish delivery port (7), in order to the outflow of the interior liquid of control cast tundish (6);
First U-shaped fibre-optical probe (31) is fixed on the inwall of cast tundish delivery port (7), and first signal amplifier (11) outer with being positioned at cast tundish (6) by first optical fiber cable (21) links to each other; Described probe bracket (4) is vertically mounted on the bottom surface of ingot mould organic glass model (5); Second U-shaped fibre-optical probe (32) and the 3rd U-shaped fibre-optical probe (33) are installed on the described probe bracket (4), and mobile along the vertical direction on probe bracket (4); Described second U-shaped fibre-optical probe (32) links to each other by second optical fiber cable (22), second signal amplifier (12) outer with being positioned at ingot mould organic glass model (5); Described the 3rd U-shaped fibre-optical probe (33) links to each other by the 3rd optical fiber cable (23) the 3rd signal amplifier (13) outer with being positioned at ingot mould organic glass model (5);
The quantity of described signal amplifier, optical fiber cable, U-shaped fibre-optical probe is consistent, and its quantity is 2 to a plurality of; The quantity of described flowmeter, water pump and casting ladle is consistent, and its quantity is 2 to a plurality of;
Described probe bracket (4) is 1 ~ 10; The U-shaped fibre-optical probe that is positioned on each probe bracket (4) is 1 ~ 10.
2. device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described U-shaped fibre-optical probe has two kinds of versions:
(1) Reflection type fiber-optic probe mounting means: fiber-optic signal transmitter (41) and fiber-optic signal receiver (42) are installed in the homonymy of U-shaped support (43); Offside at the upper fiber-optic signal transmitter (41) of U-shaped support (43) is equipped with reflecting surface (44);
(2) correlation fibre-optical probe mounting means: fiber-optic signal transmitter (41) and fiber-optic signal receiver (42) are installed in respectively the both sides of U-shaped support (43), and are positioned on the same level line;
Two relative pitch of fins of described U-shaped support (43) with adjusting laser reflection or correlation distance, thereby realize that the solution concentration measurement category is adjustable from being variable; In reflection type optical fiber head mounting means, the fiber-optic signal transmitter (41) of U-shaped fibre-optical probe and the distance between the reflecting surface (44), or definite principle of the distance between fiber-optic signal transmitter (41) and the fiber-optic signal receiver (42) is in correlation optical fiber head mounting means: in measured solution concentration excursion, the reading of signal amplifier is near the median of its range, and excursion is about 2mm ~ 30mm.
3. a method of utilizing device claimed in claim 1 to carry out the hydraulic analogy of ingotism control is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) select tape look solute, the colored water solution of preparation 5-20 kind variable concentrations; Each wherein a kind of solution of concentration of selecting is injected into first casting ladle (101); Mention cast stopper rod of tundish (14), open first water pump (111), the colored solutions in first casting ladle (101) is pumped into cast tundish (6), it is flowed in the ingot mould organic glass model (5); Open the light transmission capacity data of second signal amplifier (12) record colored solutions; So test respectively the light transmission capacity of each concentration colored water solution; The data that obtain are carried out the relation that linear fit obtains signal amplifier reading u and concentration of aqueous solution c, as shown in the formula:
c=au-b
A, b are respectively coefficient and the constant term that match obtains in the formula;
(2) wrap the requirement of cast according to large-sized casting ingot, the colored water solution of preparation 2 ~ 5 bag variable concentrations is contained in respectively in each casting ladle more;
(3) will pour into a mould stopper rod of tundish (14) and fill in cast tundish delivery port (7); Open first water pump (111), colored solutions in first casting ladle (101) is pumped into cast tundish (6), flow by first flowmeter (91) control colored water solution makes liquid level arrive 1/2 ~ 2/3 scope height of cast tundish (6);
(4) open whole signal amplifiers; Mention cast stopper rod of tundish (14), allow colored solutions flow out from cast tundish delivery port (7), the light transmission capacity data of signal amplifier record colored solutions;
(5) when the whole colored solutions in first casting ladle (101) pump into cast tundish (6), open second water pump (112), colored solutions in second casting ladle (102) is pumped into cast tundish (6), influx by second flowmeter (92) control colored water solution, the liquid level of the colored solutions in the cast tundish (6) is remained unchanged, until the whole colored solutions in second casting ladle (102) are pumped to cast tundish (6); Then open the 3rd water pump (113), colored solutions in the 3rd casting ladle (103) is pumped into cast tundish (6), influx by the 3rd flowmeter (93) control colored water solution, the liquid level of the colored solutions in the cast tundish (6) is remained unchanged, until the whole colored solutions in the 3rd casting ladle (103) are pumped to cast tundish (6); In this process, colored water solution continues to flow out from cast tundish delivery port (7), and signal amplifier continues the light transmission capacity data of record colored solutions, until the colored solutions in the cast tundish (6) all is poured into ingot mould organic glass model (5);
(6) the whole signal amplifiers of processing continue the light transmission capacity data of the colored solutions of record, respectively it are processed to distribute obtaining being arranged in the concentration curve of the colored solutions of pouring into a mould tundish delivery port (7) and ingot mould organic glass model (5) diverse location place according to formula: c=au-b.
4. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described band look solute is methyl blue.
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CN103691921A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-02 | 清华大学 | Manufacturing method of cavity model for casting mold filling hydraulics simulation |
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JP2003523827A (en) * | 2000-02-23 | 2003-08-12 | ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ | Casting apparatus and method with eccentric source of liquid metal |
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CN103691921B (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2015-07-15 | 清华大学 | Manufacturing method of cavity model for casting mold filling hydraulics simulation |
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