CN102906445B - Adjustment apparatus for a self-energizing braking device, and self-energizing braking device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an adjustment apparatus (300) for a self-energizing braking device, and a self-energizing braking device comprising the adjustment apparatus. The adjustment apparatus (300) comprises a setting device (332) for adjusting a brake head (100) from the venting position thereof into the braking position thereof by means of a setting force. The adjustment apparatus also has a releasable holding device (400) with which the brake head (100) can be fixed in the braking position thereof. Furthermore, the adjustment apparatus comprises a tensioning device (331) which builds up a braking force on a braking member (112), which acts perpendicularly to an active surface of a braking element (119), when the brake head (100) takes up the braking position thereof, and an adjustment component (113) which is coupled to the braking member (112) acts on the tensioning device via the braking member (112) under the action of the braking element (119). In this case, the setting device (332), holding device (400) and tensioning device (331) act on a transmission element (330) acting on the brake head (100).

Description

The regulating device of self energizing effort break and self energizing effort break

Technical field

The present invention relates to for self energizing effort break regulating device and comprise the self energizing effort break of regulating device.

The invention particularly relates to a kind of lever brake or caliper brake, it utilizes this regulating device to handle.

Background technique

Industry break is used in different work power trains.They stop into the heavy heavy burden of ton or to bear a heavy burden and must reliable operation stopping instantaneously to stop.Because harsh environmental conditions and for safety technique consider, industrial break must meet many strict demands.According to the difference of application, these requirements are also completely different.Usually, very high braking moment mustn't be applied for such as holding the weight fallen in crane.Other braking system must can bear high-energy, especially in the conveying engineering equipment of such as surface mining.Other braking system keeps again the rotating speed of the Work machine such as in production plant or torque to be constant.If there is fault as having a power failure, then braking system should make machine stop (FAIL SAFE: fail safe) automatically.

Usual people need enhancement mode braking system, it have lower energy consumption, higher durable property and and then the maintenance needs reduced, compact and thus space-saving structure and/or the cost of production that reduces because using simple component.Therefore, target is to provide a kind of break with high braking moment, and it is in order to closed break or keep break often to drive the hydraulic equipment as far as possible not needing extra power such as high energy consumption.

When braking force is large, mostly need large-scale Effector, if this is because steering force is little, then very large lever group stroke must be selected to obtain enough large velocity ratio.If but lever drive is less, then must there is very large steering force when braking force is identical.

A kind of alternative solution way is self energizing effort principle.Although self energizing effort brings many advantages, it is seldom used in modern industrial braking technology so far.The substitute is, substantially realize the generation of braking force by brute spring and corresponding high power hydraulic drive unit.

In self energizing effort situation, have energy by by braking process be used for strengthening braking action from being braked the part obtained system.Such as, the frictional force that brake disc acts on lining pad is used to strengthen braking force.This so-called servo-effect (SERVO Effekt) can utilize structure technology such as to realize with lever or wedge.Compared with lever principle, wedge principle gets the nod substantially.

In research break self energizing effort principle in automotive field.Here, Development Trend turns to perfect control technique, for can measuring self energizing effort braking action better and stoping scotch locked (self-locking).For this reason see " Modelling and Validation of the Mechatronic Wedge Brake " (SAEInternational:2003-01-3331 of Berne De Gaomu Bert, in March, 2003), " Modelling Testing the Mechatronic WedgeBrake " (SAE International:2004-01-2766, in January, 2004) and " Modelling and Control of aSingle Motor Electronic Wedge Brake " (SAE International:2007-01-0866, in January, 2007).

In addition, German patent application open source literature DE 103 50 225 A1 discloses a kind of break (the KSP configuration of SITEMA company) for lift or conveying equipment, and it utilizes self energizing effort principle.This break is placed on transport lever to keep, to protect or the descending weight of emergency braking.For this reason, the gripping sleeve with external conical shape structure in application position chuck on transport lever side face.It is also in movable internal taper hole clevis cover that gripping sleeve is movably housed in one.Declutching on position, the pressure contrary with disc spring power that gripping sleeve is applied by annular piston is maintained at and declutches on position.Chuck is made to be resisted against backstop by corresponding spring.When pressure disconnects, disc spring overcomes chuck spring force and is pressed in internal taper hole by gripping sleeve.Thus, break acts on transport lever.If there is load-carrying to act on this bar, then produce self-servo action, gripping sleeve is drawn in internal taper hole by further.But the motion of gripping sleeve is subject to the restriction of annular piston, and this annular piston is in stop dog position in the situation that is not stressed.Like this, the impacting force of regulation acts on this bar.But this break cannot be declutched smoothly under carrying.In addition, the pneumatic equipment for release brake is needed.

The regulating device that known system adopts is for causing, keeping and terminate self energizing effort braking action, the brake component that this regulating device limitedly can only be used to especially to act on rotation is as the safety brake of brake disc or brake drum, this is because they need complicated control technique, need heavy component and/or cannot be used in conjunction with the brake lever group for lever brake or caliper brake.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, task of the present invention is to provide a kind of regulating device being particularly useful for rolling brake part, even if it allows break also can declutch simply under carrying, and overcomes the above-mentioned shortcoming of known break at least partly.

First aspect present invention relates to a kind of regulating device for self energizing effort break.This regulating device comprises controlling mechanism, and brake head can be adjusted to its application position (utilizing adjustment power) by this controlling mechanism from its position of declutching.By dissoluble retaining mechanism, this brake head can be fixed in its application position.When brake head is in its application position, the brake body that fastening device plays a role at the working surface perpendicular to brake component establishes braking force.The adjustment piece be connected with brake body acts on this fastening device by brake body under the effect of brake component.Now, controlling mechanism, retaining mechanism and fastening device act on one and act on the driving component of this brake head.

Retaining mechanism now obtains in braking process by self energizing effort braking action that fastening device produces.

Because controlling mechanism, retaining mechanism and fastening device are acted on by same driving component, so the quantity of required component reduces and cost reduces, achieve compact structure and thus space-saving break.

According to an improvement project of the present invention, this driving component is can along the bar of its longitudinal axis movement and especially the form of push rod be formed.

Shaft-like driving component like this achieves different parts while slender construction, and wherein, controlling mechanism, fastening device and retaining mechanism can play a role independently of each other.Meanwhile, so shaft-like driving component can the bar of hinged caliper brake or lever brake, therefore and then imposes adjustment, clamping and maintenance positioning action to brake component to the brake head be arranged on brake rod.

Now, action direction is made a reservation for by the longitudinal axis of this bar, and so sets the action direction of fastening device and controlling mechanism very simply, that is, its orientation is parallel to this longitudinal axis.

The effect of controlling mechanism, fastening device and retaining mechanism is facilitated by the longitudinal movement of driving component.

According to another mode of execution, controlling mechanism and fastening device play a role according to the mode being parallel to this longitudinal axis.

Especially, in another embodiment, controlling mechanism and fastening device can be configured to the spring around this push rod, are preferably coaxially disposed at the spring on driving component, thus reduce the occupation of land demand of this regulating device.In addition, the same function direction of controlling mechanism and fastening device can be used to declutching of simplification and tight lock process.In addition, spring is the standardized element having regulation, also allow the mechanical property of compact structure.Meanwhile, provide the various different helical spring with different spring characteristic curves and shape, thus the geometrical shape that need not change break just can only make break adapt to different application conditions by changing spring.In addition, this bar, simultaneously as spring guide mechanism, if therefore needed, also can realize longer spring and and then the adjustment of Long travel and clamping.

An improvement project of the present invention describes a kind of regulating device, wherein, regulates by regulating backstop as the adjustment force of the spring of controlling mechanism or fastening device and/or braking force.Here, according to another mode of execution, this adjustment backstop is configured to the adjusting nut that can adjust movement on this push rod.

Setting adjustment force like this or braking force, that is, change the spacing of fulcrum of spring, change the pretightening force of spring thus by the adjustment of adjusting nut.Like this, this braking system can without the need to adapting to the braking conditions of different needs brakings with replacing spring, and this braking system can be general thus.Now, this regulating mechanism can especially simply be adjusted exactly and allow to use only outline to make the standard piece changed.

According to an alternate embodiments, the driving component of regulating device acts on this brake head by lever group.

This lever group advantageously comprises two brake rods, and they are connected with the push rod of this regulating device or case frame respectively.This push rod moves relative to the adjustment of this case frame the change causing brake rod spacing, and this braking system of result and can declutch mobile by adjustment between position in application position.Now, two the brake head symmetries be arranged on brake rod act on brake component, and result abrasive effect is also reduced symmetrical appearance thus.There is the flecition acting on brake component.Brake component, especially brake disc now can be formed with thin-walled form and it only need transmit occurred torsion.Like this, the quality only not obvious increase of being braked by brake component is needed.Like this, regulating device can be used in common jaw type braking system or lever braking system and also perhaps also can be retrofitted in existing jaw type braking system or lever braking system.

According to another mode of execution, in this regulating device, dissoluble retaining mechanism has and can switch to decontrol the clutch of this driving component in direction of declutching by external energy input, and wherein this clutch fixes this driving component declutching on direction under without external energy input condition.

Because switchable clutch is engaged when inputting without external energy, so achieve fail safe principle (FAIL SAFE Prinzip), result can use the break comprising this regulating device in many aspects, is especially also used in conveying equipment.

Another embodiment of the invention is devoted to such regulating device, and wherein, dissoluble retaining mechanism has a latch in gear shape be connected with driving component.This gears meshing tooth bar.Tooth bar can unrestricted motion on braking direction, but tooth bar can be fixed declutching on direction by the clutch be connected with this gear cooperation and with freewheel.

In yet another embodiment of the present invention, this regulating device is equipped with dissoluble retaining mechanism, it has the screw rod be connected with driving component along axis, and this screw rod coordinates with rotating nut, and this rotating nut also allows screw rod moving linearly on braking direction by freewheel and clutch.And rotating nut also stops screw rod to be fixed along in the sense of rotation of the direction straight line motion that declutches by this clutch at one.

This configuration is closely and joint space-efficient, this is because all component of this retaining mechanism are coaxially arranged with this driving component substantially.The quantity of component is reduced further.Meanwhile, holding torque to be passed can be imported into housing by symmetry or keep in framework.

According to another mode of execution of this regulating device, this clutch can carry switching.

This simplify braking system the process that declutches and make costliness and the intensive large-sized brake manipulation hydraulic equipment of maintenance work and/or pneumatic equipment become unnecessary.

According to another mode of execution, the electronic switching type magnetic force jaw clutch that the clutch that can switch under carrying preferably allows short distance to switch.Magnetic force jaw clutch can transmit high loading under compact structure, therefore provides high safe clearance.

According to another embodiment, the retaining mechanism of this regulating device comprises micro-adjusting mechanism, this micro-adjusting mechanism when brake operation according to the position of the relative driving component of this controlling mechanism of wear condition Automatic Fine Tuning of lining pad and/or brake component.

Thus, the maintenance needs of this braking system is significantly reduced.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to the break comprising the regulating device with above-mentioned favorable characteristics.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Below, other preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail in conjunction with schematic diagram, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the perspective view of braking system, and this braking system comprises the break of the present invention in caliper brake form, regulating device of the present invention, retaining mechanism and brake-releasing gear;

Fig. 1 b is the detail perspective view of retaining mechanism;

Fig. 1 c is the schematic diagram of retaining mechanism;

Fig. 2 is the sectional view being in the brake head of position of declutching of break of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the view of the break of the present invention in caliper brake form;

Fig. 3 b is the schematic diagram of the break of the present invention in lever brake form;

Fig. 3 c is the perspective cut-away schematic view of the break of the present invention in floating caliper formula break form;

Fig. 4 is the view of regulating device of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the perspective cut-away schematic view of brake-releasing gear;

Fig. 6 a is the schematic diagram of braking system, and this braking system comprises break of the present invention, regulating device of the present invention, retaining mechanism and at the brake-releasing gear on position that declutches;

Fig. 6 b illustrates the braking system shown in Fig. 6 a being in application position;

Fig. 6 c illustrates the braking system shown in Fig. 6 a being in application position;

Fig. 6 d illustrates the braking system shown in Fig. 6 a being in application position;

Fig. 6 e illustrates the braking system shown in Fig. 6 a being in position of declutching;

Fig. 6 f illustrates the braking system shown in Fig. 6 a being in application position;

Fig. 6 g illustrates the braking system shown in Fig. 6 a being in application position;

Fig. 7 illustrates the control graph for brake system operation of the present invention, and this braking system comprises break, regulating device of the present invention, retaining mechanism and brake-releasing gear;

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the centering body according to the first example; With

Fig. 8 b is the schematic diagram of the centering body according to second example.

Embodiment

Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 illustrate basic structure and the function of braking system 10, and this braking system comprises the embodiment of break of the present invention.Shown braking system 10 has the brake lever group 200 in caliper brake form, and this brake lever group to be connected with regulating device 300 at its adjustment end 225 and to be equiped with brake head 100 at its dog point 226.Centering body 600 plays a role between brake rod 220, also wants composition graphs 8 to describe the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of this centering body below.Regulating device 300 is connected with the adjustment end 225b of brake rod 220b by adjustment block 224 in its one end, and this brake rod is made up of the fishplate bar that two be arranged in parallel.The other end of regulating device 300 is connected with retaining mechanism 400, and this retaining mechanism forms and adjusts assembly 700 together with brake-releasing gear 500, and this adjustment assembly is hinged and connected with the adjustment end 225a of brake rod 220a by its case frame 710.By adjustment assembly 700 and regulating device 300, braking system 10 can declutch between position by adjustment displacement in its application position and its.Whole braking system 10 is according to can relatively be securely held at bar center of rotation 221 place as the mode of the disc rotation of brake component 119 formation, be Specifically fixing like this, the sagittal plane as working surface (see Fig. 3) of brake disc 119 passes through between two parties between mutually opposing brake head 100.

The lining pad 116 that brake head 100 shown in Fig. 2 comprises brake body 112 and is fixed on this brake body, the rubbing surface as working surface of this lining pad acts on the sagittal plane of brake disc 119 when braking and by brake disc 119, braking action is passed to brake axle.

Brake body 112 is set to move relative to adjustment piece 113 adjustment and to pass through totally four springs 120 (Fig. 1 and Fig. 3) be maintained on adjustment piece 113 at initial position (Fig. 2).Adjustment piece 113 is connected with bolt with hinge bodies 121 itself, and this hinge bodies passes through columniform alignment pin 122 relative to adjustment piece 113 by centering.By two pins 123 given prominence to from hinge bodies 121, whole brake head 100 is contained on dog point 226a and 226b of brake rod 220a, 220b by hinged respectively, and the ends of these two pins are stretched in the support angle 124 be fixed on adjustment piece 113 respectively.

The tension force of spring 120 can be regulated by the adjustment fishplate bar 125 be fixed on adjustably in hinge bodies 121.

The mating face toward each other of brake body 112 and adjustment piece 113 has multiple wedge slot 118 extended parallel to each other respectively, described wedge slot by relative tilt, limit as the wedge surface 114 of adjusting range.Between adjusting range 114, according to the quantity of wedge slot 118 (be four at this), be provided with in roller or the roller 117 of voller pin formality.By position and the roller 117 of wedge slot 118, define the initial position (as shown in Figure 2) of brake body 112 relative to adjustment piece 113, and this initial position is got off by flexible fastening by spring 120, thus brake body 112 can be shifted by adjustment by relative adjustment piece 113 on direction of arrow P.

Operational adjustment distance s is now limited by the adjusting screw 115 being used as backstop, and the position of this adjusting screw can be fixed by lock nut.

Above-mentioned brake head so plays a role when braking:

First, on the sagittal plane of brake disc 119 that brake head 100 utilizes the working surface of lining pad 116 to cling to rotate on the P of direction.The rubbing action applied, according to the mode acting on lining pad 116, makes brake body 112 shift to backstop 115.Here, wedge surface 114 relative movement, is specifically rolled by roller 117 subtend.When brake body 112 moves on the P of direction, these rollers 117 leave notch bottom surface and arrive the domatic of wedge surface 114 when rolling, and are clamped to by brake body 112 at this moment on the sagittal plane of brake disc 119.Thus one, the power acting on brake head 100 is enhanced, and then braking effect is enhanced.

Now, the slope of setting wedge surface 114 like this, namely, wedge surface 114 and roller 117 mutually self-locking engage, that is, these rollers 117 can not slip in wedge slot 118 when adjustment piece 113 adjusts displacement relatively at brake body 112 in braking process under the effect of the power perpendicular to direction of arrow P from brake disc 119.

In order to adjust the braking force produced by wedge action, provide as follows measure: on the one hand, backstop 115 for limiting adjustment distance s, thus also limits the adjustment piece 113 that caused by wedge action and is shifted perpendicular to the adjustment of direction of arrow P.

In order to obtain the braking force that can limit, the related regulating device 300 of adjustment assembly 700 is set.Here, according to Fig. 4, regulating device 300 comprises the driving component in push rod shape, this driving component adjustment end 225b and with adjust hold 225a to be connected case frame 710 between play a role.In addition, push rod 330, through the end plate 720 of case frame 710, stretches into (see following and Fig. 1 b and 1c) in retaining mechanism 400.The Compress Spring 332 (also claiming Regulation spring below) formed as controlling mechanism acts on end plate 720 and between the baffle ring 336 regulated along push rod axis by screw thread.

Push rod 330 itself can be fixed by the relative case frame 710 of retaining mechanism 400 or unclamp.When push rod 330 is fixed, Regulation spring 332 is inoperative.When push rod 330 is released, Regulation spring 332 struts the brake rod 220 on adjustment end 225 by following manner, namely, Regulation spring is bearing between the front end-plate 720 of baffle ring 336 and case frame 710, here, it acts on adjustment end 225a by case frame 710, and then acts on adjustment end 225b.The adjustment power of Regulation spring 332 is now delivered to push rod 330 by baffle ring 336, and be passed to another baffle ring 335 by this push rod, this another baffle ring connects with another Compress Spring 331 (hereinafter also referred to fastening spring) formed as fastening device, and this another Compress Spring is also directed to and is placed on push rod 330.The other end of fastening spring 331 acts on adjustment block 224, and this adjustment block is contained in the adjustment end 225b of adjustable lever 220b (also seeing Fig. 1) by joint pin is hinged.In addition, push rod 330 is passed adjustment block 224 movably and is locked by latch and can not skids off from adjustment block 224.Spring force as the Compress Spring of fastening device 331 is obviously greater than the spring force of the Compress Spring 332 as controlling mechanism.Like this, the corrective action of Regulation spring 332 is delivered to adjustment end 225b by fastening spring 331 and adjustment block 224, and is passed into case frame 710 by housing forward end plate 720, and then is also delivered to adjustment end 225a.When push rod 330 is released, 225a and 225b is softened thus for adjustment end, and brake head 100 is resisted against on the sagittal plane of brake disc 119 with brake body 112 or lining pad 116.

On this position, push rod 330 also and then relative to adjustment end 225a is fixed relative to case frame 710 by retaining mechanism 400.By through lining pad 116 adjustment power along direction P effect on brake body 112, brake body 112 is adjusted on the P of direction relative to adjustment piece 113.The roller wedge action rolling into the roller 117 of wedge slot 118 makes adjustment piece 113 leave brake disc perpendicular to the sagittal plane of brake disc 119.In other words, dog point 226a and 226b is oppressed separately, specifically, overcomes the fastening spring 331 acted between adjustment end 225a and 225b.At adjustment end 225b, power is passed into adjustment block 224 by adjustable lever 220b and is passed to fastening device 331 and baffle ring 335, is passed into push rod 330 thus.At adjustment end 225a, the push rod 330 that power is passed into retaining mechanism 400 by case frame 710 and is fixed relative to retaining mechanism 400, and then be passed to stop member.

Like this, braking force is formed by the regulation distortion of fastening spring 331.Braking force by fastening spring 331 corresponding pretension and regulate via baffle ring 335, or by selecting the Compress Spring with other spring constant to regulate.Braking force is limited by the adjustment distance s of brake body 112 relative to adjustment piece 113, and by regulating this backstop 115 to change.Regulate this backstop by different modes, it also can be changed according to sense of rotation.

Multiple needle rollers 117 with circular cross section cause when especially plane wedge surface 114 is opposed pass by the degree that struts and the brake body 112 of brake head 100 adjustment distance between there is linear relationship.The roller 117 with avette especially oval cross section allows variously different to strut/adjust range performance.Utilize the roller 117 of wobbler action, plane working surface can be bonded with each other without wedge action.

The quantity of wedge slot 118 depends on sometimes conflicting factors, the wearing and tearing of such as surface pressure, associated components, manufacturing expense and/or cost of production.

Or the plug section in wedge surface 114 shape of brake body 112 and adjustment piece 113 is directly stacked and form as sliding bearing.The slip surface of proper lubrication agent or coating allows to use the sliding bearing (such as at break by the long braking period that engages for a long time) that especially can bear high static load, and the rolling bearing with substantially cylindrical or spherical roller or driving component 117 is applicable to dynamic load (high braking frequency).

Also there is the mode of execution with non-planar surface plug section.By selecting favourable plug section shape, break can be adapted to application best.Such as can alleviate braking action to Crescendo.

According to another alternate embodiment (not shown), brake body 112 and adjustment piece 113 are interconnected by thrust piece.Thrust piece is connected by rotating hinge in one end of thrust piece with brake body 112, thus the adjusting angle between thrust piece and brake body 112 is variable.Adjustment piece 113 is arranged on the other end of thrust piece.Thrust piece is such as lever or connecting rod, and it is hinged on brake body 112 and adjustment piece 113 rotationally.Self-servo action depends on that the line of action extended through articulating point is relative to the drift angle adjusting distance.By the adjustment distance of the brake body 112 when adopting self-servo action, similar to the aforementioned embodiment, overcome fastening device 331 and act on, achieve the displacement of adjustment piece 113.

Special formed, any moving direction of arranging and being configured in brake disc 119 of brake body 112 and adjustment piece 113 allows adjustable constant braking moment, and need not intricately be reequiped by break.This makes break can have many purposes.

Other mode of execution for backstop location is feasible, such as, have multiple screw 115 in side.In addition, backstop 115 can be placed on guide rail according to removable and lockable mode.Cushion block also can be used to regulate stop dog position.Preferably also in backstop, be integrated with damping piece, for receiving the brake body percussion when break is got involved.Thus one, by significant prolongation backstop working life.

Fastening spring 331 is as being placed in by screw thread with on the guide mechanism 333 that push rod 330 entity is firmly connected, and this guide mechanism stops fastening spring 331 stressed bending.Baffle ring 335 is arranged on spring guide mechanism 333.

Controlling mechanism 332 or Regulation spring 332 also can be arranged on spring guide mechanism 334, and this spring guide mechanism stops Regulation spring 332 stressed bending.Regulation spring 332 is effect between the baffle ring 336 be located on spring guide mechanism 334 and the adjustment block 224 being located on rod end 225b.Spring guide mechanism 334 is such as also locked on push rod 330 by screw thread.Two spring guide mechanisms can have thread section, can change the position of baffle ring 335 or 336 whereby, with pretension Regulation spring 332 or fastening spring 331.

Lever mode of execution

Fig. 3 b illustrates the schematic diagram of the passive break in lever brake form.This break does not have brake component 119 or brake disc 119 as shown in the figure.

This break also has two brake heads 100 (see Fig. 1) symmetrical, opposite each other, and this brake head can utilize lever group 200 to be resisted against on the brake disc 119 of process between brake head 100 with the working surface of lining pad 116 in both sides.For this reason, the brake rod 220 bar center of rotation 221 fixing around position is rotated, and in this embodiment, bar center of rotation lays respectively at fixed point end 227a or 227b of brake rod 220.Brake head 100 is placed on brake rod 220 by a kind of structure (its to described in composition graphs 2 similar) respectively rotationally between two parties by pin 222, thus here, the working surface of lining pad 116 is also independently always flattened on brake disc 119 with the inclination of brake rod 220 in application position.

At adjustment end 228a and 228b opposed with articulating point 221 of brake rod 220, two brake rods 220 are connected on the driving component in push rod shape by connection rod set 223.Push rod 330 is connected with adjustable lever 223a by the adjustment block 223b be removably set on push rod 330 at center.Adjustment block 223b is arranged on the end of adjustable lever 223a of connection rod set 223 rotationally by articulated pin (not shown).The push rod 330 being acted on adjustment assembly 700 by front end-plate 720 axially movably can be bearing in this adjustment assembly and to stretch into (see following and Fig. 1 b and 1c) in retaining mechanism 400 by backstop 338, so that fixing relative to the case frame 710 of adjustment assembly 700 or unclamp push rod 330.

In order to adjust push rod 330, namely in order to break braking and declutch, similar in the break of caliper brake form, on push rod 330, be provided with a fastening device 331 and a controlling mechanism 332 vertically, they are configured to spring respectively.These two springs are Compress Spring form.Here, the spring force of the Compress Spring 332 as controlling mechanism is also significantly greater than as the spring force of the Compress Spring of fastening device 331.Fastening device 331 to be arranged in push rod 330 part outstanding from adjustment assembly 700 and to be bearing between " backstop 337 being positioned at push rod 330 end " and " side of adjustment block 223b ", and clamping action is passed to brake disc (not shown) through connection rod set 223 and brake head 100 by this adjustment block.Controlling mechanism 332 is positioned at adjustment assembly 700 and plays a role between " being positioned at the backstop 338 of push rod 330 end " and " adjusting the front end-plate 720 of the case frame 710 of assembly 700 ".

In this embodiment, braking process is so design:

When push rod 330 is released, Regulation spring 332 stretches between backstop 338 and end plate 720, and is drawn in by push rod 330 in adjustment assembly 700.Adjustment block 223b acts on connection rod set 223, and this connection rod set makes brake rod 220 swing around bar center of rotation 221, thus braking rod end 228a and 228b is close to each other and brake head 100 is resisted against brake disc.Regulation spring 332 now acts on adjustment block 223b by backstop 337 and fastening spring 331.

On this position, push rod 330 is fixed in case frame 710 by retaining mechanism 400.By the frictional force along direction P effect on this position of brake body 112, brake body 112 and adjustment piece 113 softened.228a and 228b is now oppressed according to the mode of separating for braking rod end, and connection rod set 223 compresses fastening spring 331 by adjustment block 223b towards backstop 337.Like this, braking force is also produced by the regulation distortion of fastening spring 331 at this.Braking force change by fastening spring 331, adjust by the corresponding pretension of backstop 337, and/or by selecting the Compress Spring with certain spring constant to adjust.Any brake head 100 designs and is all similarly suitable for.

Between brake rod 220, be preferably also provided with a centering body 600, it makes the synchronized movement of brake rod 220 and move distance matches (see Fig. 8).

Floating caliper mode of execution

Fig. 3 c illustrates the sectional perspective view of the break in floating caliper formula break form.

Different from embodiment before, the break shown in Fig. 3 c is active brake, and it closes and keeps braking under energy input condition, once energy input is interrupted, then declutches.

It comprises caliper assembly 900 and brake piston 800, and they respectively have a brake head 100a or 100, described brake head mutually opposing and act on one between brake head 100a and 100 extend brake disc (not shown).Caliper assembly 900 is equipped with the clamp brake head 100a of Bu Dai self energizing effort mechanism.Caliper assembly 900 relative to brake disc and piston 800 floating elastic supporting movably, adjusts the constant air gap between clamp brake head 100a and brake disc by keep-spring by caliper linear guiding mechanism here.The 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of caliper assembly corresponds to the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of conventional floating caliper formula break.Therefore, the explanation will abandoned caliper start below.

Piston 800 instead of the oil hydraulic cylinder adopted in conventional configuration.Piston comprises the adjustment assembly 700 that acts on brake head 100 for making the tight lock of this break and declutching.Brake head 100 has brake body 112 (it comprises the lining pad 116 towards brake disc) and adjustment piece 113, and they have the wedge slot 118 comprising wedge surface 114 in both sides opposite each other.Brake body 112 is hinged on adjustment piece 113 by being arranged on needle roller (not shown) between wedge surface 114, that play roller effect.

The side face of cylindricality cup-shaped slide block 340 insert in top side adjustment piece 113 in itself and the groove established.Its motion is controlled in the housing member 704 that slide block 340 is arranged on adjustment assembly 700 movably by adjustment assembly.Push rod 330 can move relative to slide block 340 and the housing member 704,703 be fixedly linked along its longitudinal axis 715, and this push rod 330 is acted on brake body 100 according to the mode being acted on adjustment piece 113 by push rod backstop 330a, and the bottom surface through slide block 340 placed in the middle.Between the bottom surface of slide block 340 and the chuck 339 fixedly securing on push rod 330, be supported with a fastening device 331, this fastening device is here in disc spring sheet group (Tellerfederpaket) form.

In order to adjust mobile putter 330, in another housing member 702, controlling mechanism 332 is installed, this controlling mechanism by longitudinally through controlling mechanism 332, act on push rod 330 as the roller screw 558 (Kugelumlaufspindel) of adjustment piece.For this reason, this screw rod 558 is fixedly connected with the end of push rod 330.Controlling mechanism 332 is configured to rotating nut 332, and its rotating nut inner ring (not shown) is hinged on rotationally by ball bearing (not shown) on the nut outer ring (not shown) that is fixedly anchored in housing member 702.The rotation of nut inner ring makes roller screw 558 perform the axial motion of this push rod 330 of adjustment.The cushion block 407 be contained in housing member 702 makes nut inner ring be connected with the rotor 560a of torque motor 560 with live axle 408 by corresponding flange, remains on housing member 701 to the stator 560b anti-rotating of this torque motor.

In addition, live axle 408 is through retaining mechanism 400, and this retaining mechanism comprises the clutch 444 that clamping body freewheel 433 is connected with the outer hub 443b by freewheel, described by composition graphs 1c.Clutch 444 is electromagnet-spring pressure jaw clutches (Elektromagnet-Federdruckzahnkupplung), once electromagnet is energized excitation, this clutch is just engaged by electromagnet, and is opened again by spring force under no current state.It for bearing moment load and being passed to housing member 702 in application position.The interior hub 443a of freewheel is connected to live axle 408, and outer hub 443b is connected with this clutch.Motor 560, retaining mechanism 400 and roller screw form a brake-releasing gear 500 jointly ".

In order to this break closed, motor 560 and freewheel 443 (clutch/magnet) are activated.Rotor 560a rotate through middleware 407 and live axle 408 is passed to nut inner ring, and roller screw 558 and push rod 330 are moved along braking direction B, brake head 100 abuts on brake disc together with lining pad 116 according to the mode acting on adjustment piece 113 by this push rod.According to the rotation of live axle 408 relative to outer shroud 443b, freewheel 443 allows interior hub 443a to rotate on braking direction B.

By the rubbing action that the brake disc be on the P of direction in rotation applies lining pad 116, make brake body 112 move one section of adjustment distance s, the backstop 115 that this adjustment distance s is located on adjustment piece 113 by side defined.Needle roller in wedge slot 118 now rolls on wedge surface 114, result, and brake body 112 and adjustment piece 113 are passed by LAP simultaneously strut brake head 100 according to adjustment distance s.Adjustment piece 113 makes slide block 340 shift to spring plate group 331, and this spring plate group is bearing on chuck 339, and this chuck 339 fixes by the freewheel 443 direction L playing locking effect that declutches.Now, the clamping action caused by adjustment distance s will be delivered to brake disc by slide block 340 and brake head 100.Floating caliper mode of execution now allows break centering for braking this brake disc without flecition between lining pad 116 and 116a on the disc brake rotor.

In order to unclamp this break, the energy supply of motor 560 and clutch 444 is interrupted.Clutch 444 is opened.Disc spring sheet group 331 is by pushing up push rod backstop 330a from this adjustment piece 113 at the chuck 339 of movement on the L of direction of declutching now.Now, rotating nut 332 and rotor 560a free to rotate and allow the disengaging campaign of the push rod 330 facilitated by screw rod 558.Brake head 100 pushes up from this brake disc by that play a role between housing member 704 and adjustment piece 113, such as in Compress Spring form adjustment piece 126.Brake body 112 now also remains on adjustment piece 113 declutching on position by the extension spring 120 played a role between brake body 112 and adjustment piece 113.

The large-scale power hydraulic control unit that described adjustment assembly 700 does not need maintenance work intensive.The use of torque motor 560 is allowed closely and reduced-maintenance " line braking " structure.

Piston 800 working principle described in composition graphs 3c also can be used in fixed caliper formula break and/or similar in centering type break.

Substituting as shown break mode of execution, fastening device 331 not necessarily spring also can be the resilient member of braking system.Such as, brake rod can be used as fastening device (see Fig. 6 f), and its clamping force acting on brake disc is produced by its resiliently deformable (bending) in braking state.But, other component also produces braking force by reverse jumping-up, stretching, extension and/or distortion.Multiple component also can produce required clamping action jointly.

Retaining mechanism

Retaining mechanism 400 (see Fig. 1 and 1b) is included in the slide 410 of straight-line guidance movement in case frame 710, and this slide is connected with one end of push rod 330, and thus this slide follows the straight line motion of push rod when adjusting (brake/declutch).Rotatable support axle 412 wherein slide 410 is equipped with, this axle along push rod 330 horizontal expansion and on this axle, be equiped with gear 445 to anti-rotating.Gear 445 is engaged on the tooth bar 446 that is fixedly connected with case frame 710, thus slide 410 makes axle 412 and gear 445 rotate at case frame 710 linear movement in the adjustment campaign (brake/declutch) of push rod 330.

Axle 412 at one end stretches out outside slide 410.This one end is equipped with freewheel 443, this freewheel is connected with axle 412 anti-rotating by hub in it, and its outer hub is connected (be magnetic force jaw clutch at this) with adjustment clutch 444, this adjustment clutch can be arranged relative to case frame 710 anti-rotating by moment dish 449 linear relative movement.This anti-rotating connection is realized by guide protrusions 448, and this guide protrusions is mobile in corresponding guide groove 712, and described guide groove extends along adjustment direction.

Adjustment clutch 444 is closed by adjustment spring (not shown) and is opened when electromagnet is energized by electromagnet.When adjusting clutch 444 and closing, the outer hub of freewheel 443 is fixedly connected with moment dish 449, and then by anti-rotational lock.On the disengaged position of adjustment clutch 444, axle 412 can only adjust upward in the idle running side of freewheel 443 for this reason, and another sense of rotation is locked by adjustment clutch 444 by the clamping body (not shown) acting on outer hub.Now, freewheel 443 is orientation so, that is, push rod 330 above can only move relative to case frame 710 adjustment at direction B (braking direction) with the slide 410 be fixed on push rod, specifically has nothing to do with the position of adjustment clutch 444.When clutch 444 closes, moving along direction B can only be realized.Therefore, adjustment end 225a and 225b can be softened under the effect of Regulation spring 332.

When braking, produce counter-force by the brake head 100 of self energizing effort, this counter-force is passed to push rod 330 by fastening spring 331, and then is passed to slide 410, and this slide is at the upper pressurized of direction of arrow L (direction of declutching).But this side up, gear 445 is fixed by the clutch 444 of axle 412, freewheel 443 and locking, thus, slide 410 is locked relative to tooth bar 446 and case frame 710, thus the also locking motion of push rod 330, and result keeps braking action.

When discharge this adjustment clutch 444 time, the hub of freewheel is released, and axle 412 or gear 445 are unlocked, thus push rod 330 can move in directionl subsequently and make slide 410 when braking force is removed this side up movement.Now, gear 445 rotates on tooth bar 446 when driving freewheel 443.Slide 410 moves along direction L under fastening spring 331 acts in case frame 710, and braking action alleviates.Slide 410 is formed as connected member 447 in this embodiment.

Clutch 444 is such as configured to the clutch 444 of form fit, is especially configured to the magnetic force jaw clutch closed by no current by spring.Clutch 444 is electronic.In the case, it realizes fail safe principle (FAIL SAFE Prinzip), that is, the break safety under industrial break typical case powering-off state is closed.In other embodiments, load path is produced by disc clutch.These alternate embodiments also achieve fail safe principle.

Fig. 1 c illustrates the schematic diagram of the alternate embodiments of retaining mechanism 400.

Retaining mechanism 400 comprises the rotating nut 441 as converting unit, and it freely can rotate relative to case frame 710.It has internal thread and is passed by screw rod 440 (this screw rod is as adjustment piece and with outside thread), and here, two screw threads engage each other.Screw rod is fixedly connected with push rod 330 in the vertical in its one end, that is, be that axle is parallel relative to push rod 330.When adjustment campaign (brake/declutch) of push rod 330, screw rod 440 is also made to vertically move.Meanwhile, by screw thread, this rotating nut 441 is rotated.

The interior hub 443a anti-rotating of freewheel 443 clamping body is arranged on rotating nut 441, and the outer hub 443b of freewheel 443 is threaded with clutch 444.The U-shaped part 449 playing the effect of moment bearing produces being rigidly connected between retaining mechanism 400 and case frame 710, and bears the torque load that transmitted by clutch 444 by rotating nut 441 and passed to case frame 710.For this reason, U-shaped part 449 is connected with a pipe 451 also guided by screw rod 440 at the central indentation place that screw rod 440 passes, clutch 444 connects 450 (as keys) by axle-hub and is fixed on this pipe, torque load is passed to U-shaped part 449 from clutch 444.

In one end away from push rod 330 of the clutch 553 of brake-releasing gear 500, screw rod 440 has connected member 447 (not shown) such as magnetizable sheet metal 447, and (see Fig. 6 a), it can be connected with clutch 553 such as electromagnet.

Adjustment clutch 444 is closed by adjustment spring (not shown) and is separated when electromagnet is energized by electromagnet.When adjusting clutch 444 and closing, the outer hub 443b of freewheel 443 is firmly connected with moment bearing 449 and then is fixed by anti-rotating.For this reason, at this switching position place of adjustment clutch 444, rotating nut 44 can only adjust upward movement in the idle running side of freewheel 443, and another sense of rotation utilizes clutch 444 to be locked by the clamping body acting on outer hub 443b of freewheel 443.Now, freewheel 443 so orientation, that is, push rod 330 and the screw rod 440 be fixed on push rod adjust mobile only on direction B (braking direction) relative to case frame 710, specifically, how no matter adjust the position of clutch 444.In other words, when clutch 444 closes, can only move in directionb.Like this, adjusting end 225 can be softened under the effect of Regulation spring 332.

When braking, produce a counter-force by the brake head 100 of self energizing effort, this counter-force is delivered to push rod 330 by fastening spring 331, and then is delivered to screw rod 440, and screw rod is pressurized on direction of arrow L thus.But this side up, rotating nut 441 is fixed by the clutch 444 of freewheel 443 and locking, thus has locked screw rod 440 relative to case frame 710, the also locking motion of push rod 330 for this reason, result maintains braking action.

When adjusting clutch 444 by disengagement, the hub of freewheel is released and rotating nut 441 is unlocked, thus screw rod 440 can move together with push rod 330 when braking force is removed subsequently in directionl.Braking action alleviates.

Clamping body freewheel has the little clamping body of inertial mass, responds fast, can bear high-torque, and has little skidding.But it is feasible that other of freewheel 443 acts on identical mode of execution.In addition, freewheel 443 used should be suitable for bearing the torque produced by rotating nut 441 on locking direction.

This structure utilizing the retaining mechanism 400 of screw rod 440 and rotating nut 441 is compact, thus can weight reduction save place.

The present invention the clutch 444 that is suitable for always can switch under carrying because otherwise, the break according to described working principle cannot be declutched.

In addition, retaining mechanism 400 such as can carry out automatic friction compensation pad wear by micro-adjusting mechanism, thus constant maintenance air gap and and then braking characteristic.

Brake-releasing gear

Fig. 5 shows the perspective cut-away schematic view of the brake-releasing gear 500 for caliper brake or lever brake.

Brake-releasing gear 500 has housing 550, and this housing is made up of cylindrical sleeve 510, and its opening two ends front end-plate 511 and end plate 512 are closed.Housing 550 is bearing in case frame 710 movably linearly itself.For this reason, adopt the projection 513 be formed on end plate 511 and 512, described projection and slide 410 be guide movement in the groove 713 of case frame 710 similarly.

End plate 512 is connected with screw rod 558, through case frame 710 rear end 721 and by be installed in there stepper motor 560 moved by Serial regulation.Spiro driving device is self-locking structure type, and thus, this screw rod closes the stopping time at motor 560 and only adjusted in directionl.Brake-releasing gear 500 moves in case frame 710 by screw rod 558 and stepper motor 560 on L and B of direction.

The front end of brake-releasing gear 500 is provided with the switch clutch in sticking electromagnet 553 form, and it linearly can connect to be incorporated in when retaining mechanism 400 unclamps with magnetic force and connected member 447 or slide 410 and adjust mobile putter 330 according to the mode overcoming Regulation spring 332 power declutching on the L of direction.

Brake-releasing gear 500 also comprises fastening device, for applying the following adjustment power obtained: the slide block 557 of clutch 553 for this reason with one through front end-plate 511 is firmly connected, this slide block is connected with chuck 556 by traction piece 554 in its back-end, the external frame of this chuck corresponds to the Internal periphery of cylindricality sleeve pipe 510, thus slide block 557, traction piece 554 and chuck 556 are placed in cylindricality sleeve pipe 510 or front end-plate 511 movably linearly.Between the inward faces and the opposed end face of chuck 556 of front end-plate 511, a Compress Spring 551 serves as clamping element, and chuck 556 is pressed on the inner bottom surface of end plate 512 by it, and is therefore remained on shown position by slide block 557 by traction piece 554.

Traction piece 554 is connected with the slide block 557 of cup-shaped by guide head 555, and this guide head is bearing on slide block 557 bottom surface itself by supporting shoulder.Traction piece 554 is passed in the corresponding perforate on slide block 557 bottom surface, and here, the damping spring 552 around traction piece 554 plays a role between chuck 556 and slide block 557 bottom surface, thus the bottom surface of slide block 557 is forced into the shoulder of guide head 555.But longitudinally see, guide head 555 does not occupy the cavity 561 in slide block 557 completely, and result can have relative movement longitudinally between guide head 555 and slide block 557, and now damping spring 552 is compressed between slide block 557 bottom surface and chuck 556.Housing 550, slide block 557, guide head 555, traction piece 554, chuck 556, damping spring 552 and fastening spring form clamp device 559.

Declutching or unclamping of break completes as follows: clamp device 559 comes position Fig. 6 c shown in by the stepper motor 560 of drive screw 558 from the position shown in Fig. 6 b together with clutch 553.Clutch 553 with its end face against slide 410.

Magnetic gear 553 is activated and engages with slide 410 and then engage with push rod 330.Now, by stepper motor 560 start in the opposite direction, screw rod 558 by housing 550 backward (direction L) draw in the position shown in Fig. 6 d.Now, front end-plate 511 moves backward relative to slide block 557 and is clamped on chuck 556 by fastening spring 551, and this chuck separates with end plate 512.Now, clamp device 559 is clamped and causes pulling force to act on the slide 410 that also relative case frame 710 is locked backwards.

In order to release brake, now adjustment clutch 444 is switched to disengagement (startup), thus axle 412 and gear 445 rotatable, result slide 410 along the straight line motion of direction L decontroled and this slide by clutch 553, slide block 557, traction piece 554 with act on the fastening spring of chuck 556 or throw off spring 551 and be pulled rearward dynamic, as a result, chuck 556 abuts to again on end plate 512.Like this, pull bar is made to move in directionl according to the mode overcoming Regulation spring 332 effect and unclamp break (see Fig. 6 a) by slide 410.

When slide 410 fast return be connected with slide block 557 by clutch 553, exceeding the return movement of the position damping spring 552 shown in Fig. 5 by following manner suppression slide block 557, that is, make slide block 557 move relative to traction piece 554, now damping spring 552 is compressed.Stop this quick resilience directly whereby and pass to end plate 512 without suppression by traction piece 554 and chuck 556, and then passing to the regulating device 562 comprising screw rod 558 and stepper motor 560.

According to an alternate embodiments, adjustment piece 558 is in shaft-like formation, and it drives by hydraulic pressure adjustment cylinder or air pressure adjustment cylinder.Acting on identical alternative for other of regulating device is rack and wheel assembly or ratch-Worm-gear assembly, and they utilize motor to drive respectively.Or clutch 553 is electrodynamic mechanical type clutches, it only closes and throws off when power-off equally in energising situation.

The working procedure of a complete braking-circulation of declutching

Fig. 7 shows the control graph worked for braking system 10, and this braking system comprises break, regulating device 300, retaining mechanism 400 and brake-releasing gear 500.Each rate-determining steps is described in detail with reference to Fig. 6 a, 6b, 6c, 6d and 6e.

Fig. 6 a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6e, 6f and 6g schematically illustrate all main members of the braking system 10 in different rate-determining steps.

This be the braking system 10 of caliper brake form comprise brake lever group, it comprise two along brake disc 119 radial direction arrange brake rods 220, this brake rod 220 has two brake heads 100 be arranged on dog point 226.Each brake rod 220 is hinged on fixing bar center of rotation 221 place, a position.Between the adjustment end 225 of brake rod 220, have regulating device 300, it comprises spring assembly 331,332 and push rod 330.Push rod 330 inserts in retaining mechanism 400, and this retaining mechanism forms adjustment assembly 700 together with brake-releasing gear 500, and here, retaining mechanism 400 is arranged in case frame 710 with the brake-releasing gear 500 comprising clamp device 559.Brake rod 220a is rotatably connected with its adjustment end 225a and case frame 710.The slide 441 of the connected member 447 on push rod 330, magnetisable end plate or retaining mechanism 400 is connected with clutch 553 (as electromagnet) for making regulating device 300, this clutch is connected with stepper motor 560 by the adjustment piece in screw rod 558 form, this stepper motor is used for making electromagnet move 553 and also make push rod 330 move whereby, and this causes the application position of brake head 100 and the alternately appearance of position of declutching.

About Fig. 6 a:

The mode that braking system 10 acts on according to the fastening spring 331 overcoming pretension is positioned at position of declutching.Brake head 100 is released and form one air gap relative to brake disc 119.Retaining mechanism 400 is unlocked, thus push rod 330 can unrestricted motion in the two directions.But, end plate 447 is connected with the electromagnet 553 connected, and now clamp device 559 is positioned at clamped position (right side farthest), and this overcomes Regulation spring 332 and makes land used and remained on by brake head and declutch on position.

Fastening spring 551 and damping spring 552 are all invalid in this case.

Below, each system unit close fit of detailed description is obtained the different rate-determining steps shown in Fig. 7:

In Fig. 6 b (step 0 of Fig. 7), braking system is in application position:

Brake time, such as because of power-off from the position shown in Fig. 6 a, the connection between electromagnet 553 and end plate 447 is disconnected.Meanwhile, retaining mechanism 400 is blocked, and this stops push rod 330 to move along direction L.

By the effect of Regulation spring 332, make push rod 330 move away case frame 710 and the adjustment end 225 of brake rod 220 by support separately, thus one, brake head 100 is against the sagittal plane of brake disc 119.Pass through applied rubbing action, make brake body 112 move adjustment distance s along the relative adjustment piece 133 of direction P, brake head 100 struts again by this.Just fastening device 331 bears the brake head 100 transmitted by brake rod 220 and struts effect, this is because push rod 330 is locked relative to case frame 710 in directionl.Backstop 115 on brake head 100 limits the adjustment distance s of brake body 112, thus stops brake body 112 self-locking or locking when braking, and together defines the size of the self-servo action applied by fastening spring 331 with fastening spring 331.

Obtain braking force by retaining mechanism 400, this braking force produces by the self-servo action of fastening spring 331 by brake head 100.

Because between electromagnet 553 and end plate 447 be connected to power-off time automatically separate, so described braking system 10 is suitable for makes safety brake or emergency brake (fail safe FAIL SAFE).

In Fig. 6 c (step 1 in Fig. 7), break is still in application position:

Stepper motor 560 makes clamp device 559 move along direction B by screw rod 558 together with the electromagnet 553 be switched on.This electromagnet joins end plate 447 to.Stressed and the retaining mechanism 400 of fastening spring 331 is blocked.Damping spring 552 and the fastening spring 551 of clamp device 559 are unloaded.

In Fig. 6 d (step 2 in Fig. 7), break is also closed:

Now, stepper motor 560 moves along direction L when retaining mechanism 400 locks and electromagnet 553 is connected with plate 4475, as a result, just the housing 550 of brake-releasing gear 500 overcomes fastening spring or opens spring 551 and acts on opposing slider 557 and traction piece 554 returns.In order to obtain reliable working method, the holding force of electromagnet 553 should be greater than the power effect of fastening spring 551.

In step 3 (Fig. 7), according to the electronic signal for removing retaining mechanism 400 release brake in other words, braking system 10 when retaining mechanism 400 lock and stepper motor 560 non-start be in and wait position.Electromagnet 553 is switched on.Fastening spring 331 and disengagement spring 551 are tightened up.

Retaining mechanism 400 is released when electromagnet 553 is connected in Fig. 6 e (step 4 of Fig. 7).Push rod 330, by fastening spring 331 and the effect of throwing off spring 551, overcomes Regulation spring 332 and makes land used and move relative to case frame 710 in directionl.The adjustment end 225 of brake rod 220 is guided jointly, and the brake head 100 on the dog point 226 of brake rod 220 is lifted.

In order to obtain reliable working method, the power effect of fastening spring 551 should be greater than the power effect of Regulation spring 332.

Braking system 10 is in again position of declutching now also can by start again.

Fastening spring 551 in clamp device 559 is for unclamping this break instantaneously.Stepper motor 560 must apply large adjustment power to declutch under high speed feed.Declutch and will still cause certain delay.And fastening spring 551 can by pretension in application position, to unclamp this break by release push rod 330 as required at once.

Fig. 6 e (step 5 in Fig. 7) illustrates the break unclamped when retaining mechanism 400 is locked.Engaging signal (namely electromagnet 553 turns off or power-off) may make again push rod 330 be thrown off, and this push rod is moved in directionb by the effect of Regulation spring 332 subsequently.This break is by for being in its application position like that described by Fig. 6 b.Step 6 in Fig. 7,7,8 is carried out according to above-mentioned step 1,2 modes similar with 3 with 9.

Described rate-determining steps preferably carries out automatically.In the case, user need only the instruction of given " disengagement " and/or " closing ".Or can carry out manual operation, now, any independently constituent elements is controlled separately by user.Between these two regimes, such as switch by pressing the button.Reference power supply and standarized component is adopted, as the miniature step drive device for stepper motor 560 in order to control system parts.

Below, the working method of damping piece 552 will be described:

By the self-servo action of the brake head 100 in application position, fastening spring 331 can be clamped.The tension of loose floodgate spring 551 may be stoped thus in break declutches preparation.If retaining mechanism 400 is unlocked with take-off the brake system 10 now, then the power effect of whole stroke, the especially fastening spring 331 of all elastic components may be directly passed to stepper motor 560 by screw rod 558, perhaps, this can cause motor 560 to bear suddenly large load, and this may easily damage motor 560.

For the simple protective organization establishes damping piece 552 of this situation, according to Fig. 6 f, this damping piece is Compress Spring form and is arranged between the bottom surface of slide block 557 and chuck 556 and is arranged in the axial direction on traction piece 554.

If retaining mechanism 400 is unlocked when fastening spring 551 is not stressed now as shown in figure 6g, then by the effect of fastening spring 331, push rod 330, electromagnet 553 are moved along direction L relative to traction piece 554 and housing 550 with slide block 557.This carries out when overcoming damping spring 552 and acting on, thus one, and motor 560 remains unaffected and is avoided overload by available protecting.

Centering body

Fig. 8 illustrates the schematic diagram of the centering body 600 from centering.

The housing 662 of centering body 600 by two elongated holes 668 and in elongated hole the bolt of guiding movement be positioned between the opposed connecting plate 669 (see Fig. 1) in brake lever group 200.By the outstanding sidepiece of connecting plate 669, connecting plate 669 is fixed on brake rod 220 together with centering body 600.Elongated hole allows centering body accurately to locate relative to brake disc 119.

The housing 662 of centering body 600 is for guiding two tooth bars 663.They are such as in round bar form, and the simple sidewise hole thus in housing is just much of that as guide mechanism.Two connecting rods 666 are parallel to tooth bar 663 and are positioned on same longitudinal axis, and each connecting rod is fixedly connected with a tooth bar 663 respectively by a universal-joint fork 667.Connecting rod 666 inserts in a brake rod with its outer end respectively, specifically, inserts in the pin between two fishplate bars being located at a brake rod 220, and is such as fixed (see Fig. 1) by nut 664 there.

Have the bearing for rotatable support gear 665 wherein at the center of housing 662, the rotation axis of this gear and connecting rod 666 axes intersect, and the tooth of this gear accurately engages with tooth bar 663.

When braking system 10 and/or centering body 600 are devoted oneself to work, preliminary centering is caused along elongated hole 668 relative to the Horizontal displacement of brake rod 220 by the position of centering body 600, to make the central point of gear 665 be centrally placed on brake disc 119, and this position is locked by nut 664.

When braking system works, always obtain the centering of this brake rod as described below:

When brake rod 220a moves, locking connecting rod 666a thereon moves together with tooth bar 663a.This moves and is converted to rotation by gear 665, and this rotation is delivered to tooth bar 663b and connecting rod 666b, is Specifically equal with degree but that direction is contrary motion of translation.Like this, the second brake rod 220b moves on the contrary with the first brake rod 220a completely.Therefore, the consistent distance of brake head 100 to brake disc 119 is ensured all the time.

An additional integral type is crossed holder and is stoped brake rod 220 also stuck when rack and pinion assembly folder is dead.This cross holder make " motion of brake rod 220 " with " otherwise when break to enter from position of declutching application position or time centering " depart from and associate.This is crossed holder and is preferably configured to desirable broken pieces.

Centering body 600 is together with wearing and tearing micro-adjusting mechanism or electromechanical wearing and tearing micro-adjusting mechanism make complicated regular maintenance work become unnecessary automatically.Therefore, such as, if when maintenance is very expensive and/or complicated, so this braking system 10 just can come into operation with having outstanding performance, and is used in drill platform, wind power plant or tide power station or hydroelectric power plant.

A low cost alternative of centering body 600 comprises rotating lever 661 as shown in Figure 8 b, and replace gear 665 and tooth bar 663, the center of rotation 661a of this lever is positioned at the center of housing (not shown).Each connecting rod 666 is fixed on the termination of lever 661 respectively.If one of them connecting rod 666a moves because of brake rod motion, then this can cause the rotational motion of lever 661, and this causes the reversing motion of second connecting rod 666b.

Other explanation

Described break declutches scheme based on electromechanical component and with simple, compact structure and structure is very light for feature.Or stepper motor 560 can be substituted by other type of motor according to unshowned mode of execution.Therefore, the compatibility of brake-releasing gear 500 for other existing braking system can be improved.This scheme that declutches also can be used in having in the bar braking system of any brake head design of other.This scheme of declutching conserve space can replace current conventional brake-releasing gear as power hydraulic pressure formula brake-releasing gear 5 or suction magnet energy-conservationly.This makes the way in order to be declutched by break based on stepper motor 560 on Return-ing direction.Or stepper motor 560 can realize declutching of break by structural change in a forward direction.Optional for the special control mechanism making arrester close with constant impacting force and/or keep break normally closed.

Described braking system 10 can have electromechanical lining pad wearing and tearing micro-adjusting mechanism, and the gap between brake head 100 and brake component 119 is kept always constant by it.For this reason, when break is in application position, clutch 553 moves to connected member 447 always.When the brakes are released, push rod 330 moves the distance of regulation now together with screw rod 558, therefore produce always consistent air gap.Determined distance such as stores in the controller.After beginning Primary regulation goes out air gap, can reduce or even avoid the maintenance work of the complex and expensive to braking system 10.

This break also can be used as manual brake to use, as the maintenance work on industry equipment.To this, the disengagement signal causing the connection between electromagnet 553 and end plate 447 to disconnect also manually can be sent.

The braking system 10 described in composition graphs 6a-6g can be utilized to realize the enhancing being up to 9 times of braking moment.According to the size of component used, enhancing degree can be improved when paying compact structure cost.

Those skilled in the art will obtain other mode of execution and modification from following claim.

Reference numerals list

10 braking system; 100 brake heads; 100a is without the brake head of self energizing effort; 112 brake bodies; 113 adjustment pieces; 114 wedge surfaces; 115 backstops; 116 lining pads; 116a lining pad; 117 rollers; 118 wedge slots; 119 brake components; 120 springs; 121 hinge bodies; 122 alignment pins; 123 pins; 124 support angle; 125 adjustment contact pin; 126 adjustment pieces; 200 lever groups; 220 brake rods; 220a brake rod; 220b brake rod; 221 bar centers of rotation; 222 pins; 223 connection rod set; 223a adjustable lever; 223b adjustment piece; 224 adjustment pieces; 225 adjustment ends; The adjustment end of 225a brake rod a; The adjustment end of 225b brake rod b; 226 dog points; The dog point of 226a brake rod a; The dog point of 226b brake rod b; 227 fixed point ends; The fixed point end of 227a brake rod a; The fixed point end of 227b brake rod b; 228 adjustment ends; The adjustment end of 228a brake rod a; The adjustment end of 228b brake rod b; 300 regulating devices; 330 push rods; 330a push rod backstop; 331 fastening devices/fastening spring; 332 controlling mechanisms/Regulation spring; 333 spring guide mechanisms; 334 spring guide mechanisms; 335 baffle rings; 336 baffle rings; 337 backstops; 338 backstops; 339 chucks; 340 slide blocks; 400 retaining mechanisies; 407 cushion blocks; 408 live axles; 410 slides; 412 axles; 440 adjustment pieces/screw rod; 441 converting units/rotating nut; 443 freewheels; The interior hub of 443a freewheel; The outer hub of 443b freewheel; 444 clutches; 445 gears; 446 tooth bars; 447 connected members; 448 guide protrusions; 449 moment dish/moment bearings; 450 bearings; 451 pipes; 500,500 " brake-releasing gears; 510 sleeves; 512 front end-plates; 512 end plates; 513 guide protrusions; 550 housings; 551 clamping elements/open spring; 552 damping pieces/protection spring; 553 clutches/electromagnet; 554 traction pieces; 555 guide heads; 556 chucks; 557 slide blocks; 558 adjustment pieces; 559 clamp devices; 560 motors; 560a rotor; 560b stator; 561 cavitys; 562 regulating mechanisms; 600 centering bodies; 659a connecting rail; 659b connecting rail; 661 levers; 662 housings; 663 tooth bars; 663a tooth bar a; 663b tooth bar b; 664 nuts; 665 gears; 666 connecting rods; 666a connecting rod a; 666b connecting rod b; 667 universal-joint forks; 668 elongated holes; 669 links; 700 adjustment assemblies; 701 housing members; 702 housing members; 703 housing members; 704 housing members; 710 case frames; 712 guide grooves; 713 grooves; 715 longitudinal axis; 720 front end-plates; 721 end plates; 800 pistons; 900 calipers.

Claims (15)

1. the regulating device for self energizing effort break (300), this regulating device has:

Controlling mechanism (332), brake head (100) is adjusted to its application position from its position of declutching by adjustment force by it;

Dissoluble retaining mechanism (400), this brake head (100) can be fixed in its application position by means of this retaining mechanism,

Fastening device (331), this fastening device is when this brake head (100) is in its application position, the brake body (112) that working surface perpendicular to brake component (119) plays a role produces braking force, and the adjustment piece (113) being connected to this brake body (112) acts on this fastening device by this brake body (112) under the effect of this brake component (119)

Wherein, this controlling mechanism (332), this retaining mechanism (400) and this fastening device (331) act on driving component, and described driving component acts on this brake head (100).

2. regulating device according to claim 1 (300), wherein, this driving component is configured to can along the bar of its longitudinal line of movement.

3. regulating device according to claim 2 (300), wherein, this controlling mechanism (332) and this fastening device (331) play a role according to the mode being parallel to this longitudinal axis.

4. the regulating device (300) according to Claims 2 or 3, wherein, this bar is push rod (330), and this controlling mechanism (332) and/or this fastening device (331) are configured to the spring around this push rod (330).

5. regulating device according to claim 4 (300), wherein, adjustment force and/or braking force all can regulate by regulating backstop, and described adjustment backstop action is in the spring serving as controlling mechanism (332) or fastening device (331).

6. regulating device according to claim 5 (300), wherein, this adjustment backstop is configured to adjusting nut, and this adjusting nut can be adjusted on this push rod (330).

7. regulating device according to any one of claim 1 to 3 (300), wherein, this driving component acts on this brake head (100) by lever group (200).

8. regulating device according to any one of claim 1 to 3 (300), wherein, this retaining mechanism (400) has clutch (444), described clutch can be handled by external energy input, to decontrol this driving component declutching on direction, and described clutch (444) fixes this driving component when inputting without external energy declutching on direction.

9. regulating device according to any one of claim 1 to 3 (300), wherein, this retaining mechanism (400) have be connected with this driving component, in gear the latch of (445) shape, this latch acts on tooth bar (446), and this latch by means of with this gear (445) coordinate and the clutch (444) be connected with freewheel (443) can unrestricted motion and can being fixed declutching on direction on braking direction.

10. regulating device according to any one of claim 1 to 3 (300), wherein, this retaining mechanism (400) has the screw rod (440) be connected with this driving component in the axial direction, this screw rod coordinates with rotating nut (441), and this rotating nut allows this screw rod (440) moving linearly and can pass through clutch (444) stoping this screw rod (440) and be fixed in the sense of rotation of straight line motion on direction that declutches on braking direction by freewheel (443) and clutch (444).

11. regulating devices according to claim 8 (300), wherein, this clutch (444) can be switched under carrying.

12. regulating devices according to claim 9 (300), wherein, this clutch is configured to electric control formula magnetic force jaw clutch (444).

13. regulating devices according to any one of claim 1 to 3 (300), wherein, this retaining mechanism (400) is equipped with micro-adjusting mechanism, and this micro-adjusting mechanism automatically finely tunes the position of this controlling mechanism (332) this driving component relatively in brake operation according to the wear condition of lining pad (116) and/or brake component.

14. regulating devices according to claim 2 (300), wherein, this bar is push rod (330).

15. 1 kinds of breaks, it has according to the regulating device (300) one of aforementioned claim Suo Shu.