CN102905086A - CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) photoreceptor for panorama shooting - Google Patents
CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) photoreceptor for panorama shooting Download PDFInfo
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- CN102905086A CN102905086A CN2012103960954A CN201210396095A CN102905086A CN 102905086 A CN102905086 A CN 102905086A CN 2012103960954 A CN2012103960954 A CN 2012103960954A CN 201210396095 A CN201210396095 A CN 201210396095A CN 102905086 A CN102905086 A CN 102905086A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) photoreceptor for panorama shooting. The CCD photoreceptor comprises a chip and is characterized in that the chip is of an optical disc type wafer, the center part of the wafer is of a small circle, a plurality of concentric-circle annular straps are equidistantly distributed from the circumference of the small circle to the periphery of the wafer, photosensitive pixels of the same number are laid on each annular strap, all the pixels are of a trapezoid, of which both the upper edge and the lower edge are circular arcs, and the trapezoidal pixels are all located in the same central angle theta relative to the center of the circle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical disk type CCD device for full-view image shooting.
Background technology
In in the horizontal direction 360 ° pan-shot (taking pictures/photograph) device, captured image is based on polar annular.On the picture and display device of routine, above-mentioned panoramic picture need to be converted to the rectangle of rectangular coordinate and could play, and the general method that adopts is to utilize software to carry out Coordinate Conversion, but transfer process expends time in.
The English of charge coupled cell is Charge-coupled Device, is commonly referred to as ccd image sensor.CCD is the semiconductor device in a kind of filming apparatus, can be converted into digital signal to optical image.Little shape electric capacity of many marshallings is arranged on the CCD, can respond to light, and image is transformed into digital signal stores output.Upper each photoactive substance of CCD is called pixel.The pixel count that comprises is more, and the image frame resolution that it provides is also just higher.Each pixel size equates in the general CCD chip, and many pixels are arranged as the rectangle photosurface in length and breadth on the plane.
When filming apparatus absorbs light (pan-shot) simultaneously from all directions, when forming 360 ° of panoramic pictures of horizontal direction (static photograph or dynamic video), panoramic picture is based on polar circular, and the image storage must could form the rectangular coordinate rectangular image of being convenient to watch by Coordinate Conversion.Conversion formula is as follows:
x
i=y
ocos(2πx
o)
y
i=y
osin(2πx
o)
Wherein, (x
o, y
o) be the point in the rectangular coordinate system, (x
i, y
i) be the point in the polar coordinate system.The process that changes is, for the every bit (x in the output rectangular coordinate system
o, y
o), find respective point (x in the corresponding input polar coordinate system by above-mentioned formula
i, y
i).Said method need to expend hardware and certain computing time.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of ccd image sensor that does not need to carry out polar coordinates and rectangular coordinate conversion,
For reaching above purpose, the present invention takes following technical scheme to be achieved:
A kind of CCD photoreceptor for pan-shot, comprise chip, it is characterized in that, this chip is the disk of an optical disk type, the disk core is a roundlet, and the roundlet periphery is laid with the equal number photosensitive pixel to the equidistant a plurality of concentric circles endless belt that distribute of disk periphery on each endless belt, all photosensitive pixels are presented bottom and are the trapezoidal of circular arc, these trapezoidal photosensitive pixels with respect to the center of circle all within same central angle θ.
In the such scheme, do not lay photosensitive pixel on the roundlet.Described donut band spacing is (R-r)/H, and wherein R is wafer radius, and r is little radius of circle, and H is the pixels across number; Described central angle is V/2 π, and wherein V is vertical number of pixels.
Compare with existing rectangle photosurface chip CCD, advantage of the present invention is for pan-shot, need not polar coordinates to the conversion of rectangular coordinate, saves time and cost.Later stage both can through the inverse process of optics, play panoramic picture by the general projectors utilization reflecting surface identical with panorama shooting device at annular screen, also can directly play at ordinary screen is the rectangular coordinate image that launches.
Description of drawings
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is structure chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of panorama shooting device structural representation that adopts Fig. 1 CCD.
Embodiment
With reference to figure 1, CCD photoreceptor of the present invention comprises chip, this chip is the disk of an optical disk type, the disk core is a roundlet 13, and roundlet 13 peripheries are laid with the equal number photosensitive pixel to the equidistantly densely covered a plurality of concentric circles endless belt 11 of disk periphery on each endless belt, pixel 12 density on outside first concentric circles endless belt of roundlet periphery are maximum, Pixel Dimensions is minimum, and pixel 10 density on inside first concentric circles endless belt of disk periphery are minimum, and Pixel Dimensions is maximum.All pixels are presented bottom and are the trapezoidal of circular arc, these trapezoidal pixels with respect to the center of circle all within same central angle θ.Owing near not imaging on the roundlet 13 in the center of circle, can not lay photosensitive pixel herein.The little area of a circle of concrete not imaging is relevant with used panorama camera, in order not affect imaging, without photosensitive pixel partly should arrange as far as possible less.
In general, produce horizontal H pixel, vertically be the panorama sketch photograph of V pixel, and donut band spacing is (R-r)/H, and wherein R is wafer radius, and r is little radius of circle, and H is pixels across number (scope is generally 500-1200); Described central angle θ is V/2 π, and wherein V is vertical number of pixels (scope is generally 400-1000).For example will produce horizontal 1200 pixels, vertically be the panorama sketch photograph of 800 pixels, then need to contain 800 pixels at radial direction, contains 1200 pixels at circumferencial direction.Namely on Fig. 1 chip of the present invention, the quantity of concentric circles endless belt 11 should be 800, and the endless belt spacing is wafer radius for (R-r)/800(R, and r is little radius of circle); In 1200 pixels of circumferencial direction, each pixel with respect to the center of circle on same central angle 1200/2 π.
Because CCD device operation principle is to utilize Metal-oxide-silicon (MOS) capacity effect, its course of work mainly is generation, storage, transfer and the detection of signal charge, therefore the preparation of optical disk type CCD chip of the present invention can be carried out according to the manufacturing process of traditional rectangular photosurface CCD standard, comprises respectively oxidation, photoetching, Implantation etc.
With reference to figure 2, the CCD device of Fig. 1 structure chip of the present invention is used on the panorama shooting device, need not the computational process of Coordinate Conversion.Panorama shooting device comprises camera body 9, reflecting surface 1, and reflecting surface is made of the high parabolic surface of reflectivity, can with around 360 ° light reflection and focus on certain focus outside its summit.Place, parabolic reflector summit is connected and fixed pillar 2, and the other end of anchor post is connected with center, camera body 9 upper surface.This upper surface is transparent glasses lens 3.From top to bottom be disposed with in the camera body: the CCD photoreceptor 6 of shutter 4, lens 5, Fig. 1, memory 7.Light from parabolic reflector (uses shutter by transparent glasses lens, shutter respectively during photograph, shutter standard-sized sheet during shooting), lens, be imaged on CCD upper (the focus place outside the reflecting surface summit), the gained image information is based on polar circular panoramic picture, do not need Coordinate Conversion directly to be retained on the memory, both can be by the general projectors utilization reflecting surface 1 identical with panorama shooting device, inverse process through optics, panoramic picture is play at annular screen, and also can directly play at ordinary screen is the rectangular coordinate image that launches.For can stabilized image when taking a picture (shooting), tripod hole 8 be set, the tripod of the standard of can plugging into below camera body.
Claims (3)
1. CCD photoreceptor that is used for pan-shot, comprise chip, it is characterized in that, this chip is the disk of an optical disk type, the disk core is a roundlet, and the roundlet periphery is laid with the equal number photosensitive pixel to the equidistant a plurality of concentric circles endless belt that distribute of disk periphery on each endless belt, all photosensitive pixels are presented bottom and are the trapezoidal of circular arc, these trapezoidal photosensitive pixels with respect to the center of circle all within same central angle θ.
2. the CCD photoreceptor for pan-shot as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described donut band spacing is (R-r)/H, and wherein R is wafer radius, and r is little radius of circle, and H is the pixels across number; Described central angle θ is V/2 π, and wherein V is vertical number of pixels.
3. the CCD photoreceptor for pan-shot as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, does not lay photosensitive pixel on the roundlet of described disk.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012103960954A CN102905086A (en) | 2012-10-17 | 2012-10-17 | CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) photoreceptor for panorama shooting |
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| CN2012103960954A CN102905086A (en) | 2012-10-17 | 2012-10-17 | CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) photoreceptor for panorama shooting |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107845111A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-03-27 | 北京工业大学 | The generation method of annulus viewing area in a kind of infrared panorama monitoring |
| CN109842766A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-06-04 | 上海集成电路研发中心有限公司 | A kind of polar coordinate image sensor and its method for carrying out image procossing |
| CN115439365A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2022-12-06 | 生态环境部卫星环境应用中心 | Geometric correction method and device for image of high-tower camera |
Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2830128A1 (en) * | 2001-09-26 | 2003-03-28 | Egg Solution Sa | Photoelectric sensor with sensing elements of pixels laid out in concentric circles, and device comprising such sensor for acquisition of panoramic images |
| US20060215049A1 (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2006-09-28 | Giulio Sandini | Constant resolution and space variant sensor arrays |
| CN101778221A (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2010-07-14 | 索尼公司 | Solid-state imaging device |
-
2012
- 2012-10-17 CN CN2012103960954A patent/CN102905086A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060215049A1 (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2006-09-28 | Giulio Sandini | Constant resolution and space variant sensor arrays |
| FR2830128A1 (en) * | 2001-09-26 | 2003-03-28 | Egg Solution Sa | Photoelectric sensor with sensing elements of pixels laid out in concentric circles, and device comprising such sensor for acquisition of panoramic images |
| CN101778221A (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2010-07-14 | 索尼公司 | Solid-state imaging device |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107845111A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-03-27 | 北京工业大学 | The generation method of annulus viewing area in a kind of infrared panorama monitoring |
| CN107845111B (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2021-06-25 | 北京工业大学 | Method for generating middle-loop display area in infrared panoramic monitoring |
| CN109842766A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-06-04 | 上海集成电路研发中心有限公司 | A kind of polar coordinate image sensor and its method for carrying out image procossing |
| CN109842766B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2021-05-18 | 上海集成电路研发中心有限公司 | Polar coordinate image sensor and image processing method thereof |
| CN115439365A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2022-12-06 | 生态环境部卫星环境应用中心 | Geometric correction method and device for image of high-tower camera |
| CN115439365B (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2023-02-17 | 生态环境部卫星环境应用中心 | Geometric correction method and device for image of high-tower camera |
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Application publication date: 20130130 |