CN102904059A - Artificial composite material and artificial composite material antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an artificial composite material and an artificial composite material antenna. The artificial composite material is characterized in that the artificial composite material is divided into a plurality of regions; plane electromagnetic waves enter a first surface of the artificial composite material and exit from a second surface opposite to the first surface in the form of spherical waves; the electromagnetic waves exiting extend reversely and intersect on a virtual focus of the artificial composite material; the intersection part of an i<th> region and the first surface is the bottom surface; the intersection part of the i<th> region and the second surface is the top surface; supposed the included angle between a line connecting the virtual focus with a point on the top surface of the i<th> region and a straight line vertical to the artificial composite material is theta, and theta uniquely corresponds to a curved surface in the i<th> region; the set of the points with the same theta on the top surface of the i<th> region forms the boundary of the curved surface to which theta uniquely corresponds; the refractive indexes of all parts on the curved surface to which theta uniquely corresponds are the same; the generatrix of the curved surface is a parabolic arc; and the refractive index of each region gradually decreases with the increase of the included angle theta. The artificial composite material and the artificial composite material antenna have the following beneficial effects: the jump of the refractive indexes is designed into the shape of a curved surface, thus reducing the refraction, diffraction and reflection effects in jump positions.

Description

Artificial composite material and artificial composite material antenna

Technical field

The present invention relates to the electromagnetism field, more particularly, relate to artificial composite material and artificial composite material antenna.

Background technology

In the optics of routine, utilize lens can make plane wave through becoming spherical wave behind the lens reflection, this spherical wave seems that the point-source of light from the lens virtual focus gives off.Dispersing of lens is to rely on the refraction of the spherical shape of lens to realize at present.The inventor is in implementing process of the present invention, and find that there is following technical problem at least in lens antenna: the volume of lens is large and heavy, is unfavorable for the use of miniaturization; Lens have very large dependence for shape, need relatively precisely could realize the direction propagation of antenna; Reflection of electromagnetic wave interference and loss ratio are more serious, and electromagnetic energy reduces.And the saltus step of the refractive index of most lens antennas is simple and perpendicular to the straight line of lens surface, refraction, diffraction and reflection when causing electromagnetic wave through lens are larger, have a strong impact on lens performance along one.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that large, the poor defective of lens performance of above-mentioned refraction, diffraction and reflection for prior art provides a kind of high performance artificial composite material and artificial composite material antenna.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: construct a kind of artificial composite material, described artificial composite material is divided into a plurality of zones; Plane electromagnetic wave incides the first surface of described artificial composite material and penetrates in the form of the second surface relative with described first surface with spherical wave; The electromagnetic wave that penetrates oppositely extension intersects on the virtual focus of described artificial composite material;

The i zone partly is the bottom surface in i zone with the common factor of described first surface, and the i zone partly is the end face in i zone with the common factor of described second surface; If the line of any and be θ perpendicular to the angle between the straight line of artificial composite material on the end face of virtual focus and described i zone, curved surface in the unique corresponding i of the angle theta zone, the set that has the point of identical angle theta on the end face of i zone consists of the border of the curved surface of the unique correspondence of angle theta; And the refractive index of everywhere is all identical on the curved surface of the unique correspondence of angle theta, and the bus of described curved surface is parabolic arc; Each regional refractive index is along with the increase of angle theta reduces gradually.

In artificial composite material of the present invention, establish on the end face excircle of virtual focus and i zone the line of any and be θ perpendicular to the angle between the straight line of artificial composite material _i, i is positive integer and less the closer to i corresponding to the zone at artificial composite material center; Wherein, angle theta _iThe arc length of the bus of corresponding curved surface is c (θ _i), arc length c (θ _i) and angle theta _iSatisfy following formula:

$c\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_i\right)=\frac{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{n_{\max \left(i\right)}-n_{\min (i+1)}};$

$(s+d)\&times;(\frac{1}{\cos {\mathrm{\&theta;}}_i}-\frac{1}{\cos {\mathrm{\&theta;}}_{i-1}})=c\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_i\right)n_{\max \left(i\right)}-c\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_{i-1}\right)n_{\min \left(i\right)});$

Wherein, θ ₀=0, c (θ ₀)=d; S is that described virtual focus is to the distance of described artificial composite material; D is the thickness of described artificial composite material; λ is electromagnetic wavelength, n _Max(i), n _Min(i) be respectively largest refractive index and the minimum refractive index in i zone, n _{Max (i+1)}It is the largest refractive index in i+1 zone.

In artificial composite material of the present invention, the largest refractive index in adjacent two zones and minimum refractive index satisfy: n _{Max (i)}-n _{Min (i)}=n _{Max (i+1)}-n _{Min (i+1)}

In artificial composite material of the present invention, the refraction index profile in i zone satisfies:

$n_i\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)=\frac{1}{c\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)}[\frac{(s+d)}{\mathrm{cos\&theta;}}-(s+d)+n_{\min }d];$

Wherein c (θ) is the arc length of the bus of curved surface corresponding to angle theta, and s is the distance that described virtual focus arrives described artificial composite material, and d is the thickness of described artificial composite material; n _MinMinimum refractive index for described artificial composite material.

In artificial composite material of the present invention, arc length c (θ) satisfies:

$c\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)=\frac{d}{2}[\frac{\log \left(\right|\tan \mathrm{\&theta;}|+\sqrt{1+{\tan }^2\mathrm{\&theta;}})+\mathrm{\&delta;}}{\left|\tan \mathrm{\&theta;}\right|+\mathrm{\&delta;}}+\sqrt{1+{\tan }^2\mathrm{\&theta;}}];$

Wherein, δ is default decimal.

In artificial composite material of the present invention, take through the center of described artificial composite material second surface and perpendicular to the straight line of described artificial composite material as axis of abscissas, take through the center of described artificial composite material second surface and the straight line that is parallel to described second surface as axis of ordinates, the parabolic equation at described parabolic arc place is:

$y\left(x\right)=\tan \mathrm{\&theta;}(-\frac{1}{2d}{x}^2+x+s+d).$

The present invention also provides a kind of artificial composite material antenna, comprises virtual focus and the artificial composite material that is arranged on the Electromagnetic Wave Propagation direction; Described artificial composite material is divided into a plurality of zones; Plane electromagnetic wave incides the first surface of described artificial composite material and penetrates in the form of the second surface relative with described first surface with spherical wave; The electromagnetic wave that penetrates oppositely extension intersects on the virtual focus of described artificial composite material;

The i zone partly is the bottom surface in i zone with the common factor of described first surface, and the i zone partly is the end face in i zone with the common factor of described second surface; If the line of any and be θ perpendicular to the angle between the straight line of artificial composite material on the end face of virtual focus and described i zone, curved surface in the unique corresponding i of the angle theta zone, the set that has the point of identical angle theta on the end face of i zone consists of the border of the curved surface of the unique correspondence of angle theta; And the refractive index of everywhere is all identical on the curved surface of the unique correspondence of angle theta, and the bus of described curved surface is parabolic arc; Each regional refractive index is along with the increase of angle theta reduces gradually.

In artificial composite material antenna of the present invention, establish on the end face excircle of virtual focus and i zone the line of any and be θ perpendicular to the angle between the straight line of artificial composite material _i, i is positive integer and less the closer to i corresponding to the zone at artificial composite material center; Wherein, angle theta _iThe arc length of the bus of corresponding curved surface is c (θ _i), arc length c (θ _i) and angle theta _iSatisfy following formula:

$c\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_i\right)=\frac{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{n_{\max \left(i\right)}-n_{\min (i+1)}};$

$(s+d)\&times;(\frac{1}{\cos {\mathrm{\&theta;}}_i}-\frac{1}{\cos {\mathrm{\&theta;}}_{i-1}})=c\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_i\right)n_{\max \left(i\right)}-c\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_{i-1}\right)n_{\min \left(i\right)});$

Wherein, θ ₀=0, c (θ ₀)=d; S is that described virtual focus is to the distance of described artificial composite material; D is the thickness of described artificial composite material; λ is electromagnetic wavelength, n _{Max (i)}, n _{Min (i)}Be respectively largest refractive index and the minimum refractive index in i zone, n _{Max (i+1)}It is the largest refractive index in i+1 zone.

In artificial composite material antenna of the present invention, the largest refractive index in adjacent two zones and minimum refractive index satisfy: n _{Max (i)}-n _{Min (i)}=n _{Max (i+1)}-n _{Min (i+1)}

In artificial composite material antenna of the present invention, the refraction index profile in i zone satisfies:

$n_i\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)=\frac{1}{c\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)}[\frac{(s+d)}{\mathrm{cos\&theta;}}-(s+d)+n_{\min }d];$

Wherein c (θ) is the arc length of the bus of curved surface corresponding to angle theta, and s is the distance that described virtual focus arrives described artificial composite material, and d is the thickness of described artificial composite material; n _MinMinimum refractive index for described artificial composite material.

Implement technical scheme of the present invention, has following beneficial effect: the saltus step of the refractive index of artificial composite material is designed to the curved surface shape that bus is parabolic arc, thereby greatly reduce refraction, diffraction and the reflection effect of saltus step place, alleviated and interfered with each other the problem of bringing, so that artificial composite material and artificial composite material antenna have more excellent performance.

Description of drawings

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, in the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is that artificial composite material according to one embodiment of the invention is to electromagnetic disperse function schematic diagram;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of artificial composite material 10 shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 3 show among Fig. 2 the end view of artificial composite material 10;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that concerns of parabolic arc m shown in Figure 3 and θ;

Fig. 5 is the refractive index profile of artificial composite material 10 on the yx plane.

Embodiment

Fig. 1 is the 10 pairs of electromagnetic disperse function schematic diagrames of artificial composite material according to one embodiment of the invention, and artificial composite material 10 is relatively arranged on the Electromagnetic Wave Propagation direction of radiation source.Plane electromagnetic wave incides the first surface A of described artificial composite material and penetrates with the form of spherical wave at the second surface B relative with first surface A.The electromagnetic wave that penetrates oppositely extension intersects on the virtual focus J of described artificial composite material.

As common practise we as can be known, electromagnetic refractive index with

Proportional, when a branch of electromagnetic wave propagates into another medium by a kind of medium, electromagnetic wave can reflect, when the refraction index profile of material inside is non-homogeneous, electromagnetic wave will be to the larger position deviation of refractive index ratio, by the electromagnetic parameter of every bit in the design artificial composite material, just can adjust the refraction index profile of artificial composite material, and then reach the purpose that changes the electromagnetic wave propagation path.

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of artificial composite material 10 shown in Figure 1.Artificial composite material 10 is divided into a plurality of zones.Wherein the i zone partly is the bottom surface in i zone with the common factor of first surface A, and the i zone partly is the end face in i zone with the common factor of described second surface B.If the line of any and be θ perpendicular to the angle between the straight line L of artificial composite material on the end face of virtual focus J and i zone, curved surface in the unique corresponding i of the angle theta zone, the set that has the point of identical angle theta on the end face of i zone consists of the border of the curved surface of the unique correspondence of angle theta; And the refractive index of everywhere is all identical on the curved surface of the unique correspondence of angle theta, and the bus of described curved surface is parabolic arc; Each regional refractive index is along with the increase of angle theta reduces gradually.Fig. 2 shows two zones (the zone here is three-dimensional concept, in Fig. 3, is exactly two torus).Here introducing the division that regional concept is just carried out for the refraction index profile of describing better artificial composite material, in fact is not the concept of entity.Angle corresponding to first area (101 among Fig. 3) outermost boundary surface is θ ₁, angle corresponding to second area (102 among Fig. 3) outermost boundary surface is θ ₂Has angle theta on the end face of first area ₁The set of point consist of angle theta ₁The border of the curved surface Dm1 of unique correspondence (being illustrated as circumference 11).Has angle theta on the end face of second area ₂The set of point consist of angle theta ₂See for details hereinafter described on the border of the curved surface Dm2 of unique correspondence (being illustrated as circumference 22).

Fig. 3 shows the end view of artificial composite material 10, there is shown the end view in two zones, only is used for signal, not as limitation of the present invention.The side cross-sectional, view of the curved surface that refractive index is identical is two sections parabolic arc, and is symmetrical with respect to L.The thickness of artificial composite material 10 is shown in figure d, and L represents the straight line perpendicular to artificial composite material.As shown in Figure 4, each regional end view is the parabola segmental arc, and the refractive index on the identical camber line is identical, and also namely this camber line is identical around the refractive index that L rotates on the formed curved surface.For the refractive index more clearly described on the identical curved surface is identical, the virtual curved face of artificial composite material inside (reality does not exist, just for convenience, a curved surface that fictionalizes) is also set forth.

If the line of any and be θ perpendicular to the angle between the straight line L of artificial composite material on the end face excircle of virtual focus J and i zone _i, i is positive integer and less the closer to i corresponding to the zone of artificial composite material 10 center O; Wherein, angle theta _iThe arc length of the bus of corresponding curved surface is c (θ _i), arc length c (θ _i) and angle theta _iSatisfy following formula:

$c\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_i\right)=\frac{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{n_{\max \left(i\right)}-n_{\min (i+1)}};$

$(s+d)\&times;(\frac{1}{\cos {\mathrm{\&theta;}}_i}-\frac{1}{\cos {\mathrm{\&theta;}}_{i-1}})=c\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_i\right)n_{\max \left(i\right)}-c\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_{i-1}\right)n_{\min \left(i\right)});$

Wherein, θ ₀=0, c (θ ₀)=d; S is that virtual focus J is to the distance of artificial composite material 10; D is the thickness of artificial composite material 10; λ is electromagnetic wavelength, n _{Max (i)}, n _{Min (i)}Be respectively largest refractive index and the minimum refractive index in i zone, n _{Max (i+1)}, n _{Min (i+1)}Be largest refractive index and the minimum refractive index in i+1 zone.Angle theta or θ _iSpan is

The largest refractive index in adjacent two zones and minimum refractive index satisfy: n _{Max (i)}-n _{Min (i)}=n _{Max (i+1)}-n _{Min (i+1)}

Shown in Fig. 2 and 3, show two zones 101 and 102, θ ₁Be on the 101 end face excircles of first area any line and perpendicular to the angle between the straight line L of artificial composite material 10, θ ₂Be on the second area 102 bottom surface excircles any line and perpendicular to the angle between the straight line L of artificial composite material 10, establish n _{Max (1)}, n _{Min (1)}Known, the θ in the 1st zone ₁And n _{Min (2)}Available following formula calculates:

$c\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1\right)=\frac{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{n_{\max \left(1\right)}-n_{\min \left(2\right)}};$

$(s+d)\&times;(\frac{1}{\cos {\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1}-1)=c\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1\right)n_{\max \left(1\right)}-c\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_0\right)n_{\min \left(1\right)}).$

The θ in the 2nd zone ₂And n _{Min (3)}Available following formula calculates:

$c\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2\right)=\frac{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{n_{\max \left(2\right)}-n_{\min \left(3\right)}};$

$(s+d)\&times;(\frac{1}{\cos {\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2}-\frac{1}{\cos {\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1})=c\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_2\right)n_{\max \left(2\right)}-c\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_1\right)n_{\min \left(2\right)}).$

In an embodiment of the present invention, adjacent trizonal largest refractive index and minimum refractive index satisfy: n _{Max (i+1)}-n _{Min (i+2)}＞n _{Max (i)}-n _{Min (i+1)}

As shown in Figure 3, the bus of the boundary surface in each zone is camber line.The camber line of end view is the bus of the boundary surface in each zone among the figure.The refractive index of the inner boundary curved surface that each is regional is minimum, and the refractive index of external boundary curved surface is maximum.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, line and the angle between the L of 1 O1 is θ on virtual focus J and the 1st regional 101 end face A1 excircles ₁, the bus of the 1st zone 101 boundary surface Dm1 is m1, the arc length of camber line m1 is c (θ ₁), m1 rotates the curved surface that forms around L and is Dm1.Line and the angle between the L of 1 O2 are θ on virtual focus J and the 2nd regional 102 end face A2 excircles ₂, the bus of the 2nd zone 102 boundary surface Dm2 is m2, the arc length of camber line m2 is c (θ ₂), m2 rotates the curved surface that forms around L and is Dm2.As shown in Figure 3, camber line m1, m2 are symmetrical with respect to L.Refraction index profile on curved surface Dm1, the Dm2 is identical.

For arbitrary zone, establish on the end face of virtual focus J and i zone the line of any and be θ perpendicular to the angle between the straight line L of artificial composite material, the refractive index n in i zone _i(θ) Changing Pattern along with θ satisfies:

$n_i\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)=\frac{1}{c\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)}[\frac{(s+d)}{\cos \mathrm{\&theta;}}-(s+d)+n_{\min }d];$

Wherein c (θ) is the arc length of the bus of curved surface corresponding to angle theta, s be virtual focus J to the distance of artificial composite material 10, d is the thickness of described artificial composite material; n _MinMinimum refractive index for described artificial composite material.Among Fig. 3, as example, the curved surface in the unique corresponding first area 101 of angle theta, the bus of this curved surface is m.

Arc length c (θ) satisfies following formula:

$c\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)=\frac{d}{2}[\frac{\log \left(\right|\tan \mathrm{\&theta;}|+\sqrt{1+{\tan }^2\mathrm{\&theta;}})+\mathrm{\&delta;}}{\left|\tan \mathrm{\&theta;}\right|+\mathrm{\&delta;}}+\sqrt{1+{\tan }^2\mathrm{\&theta;}}];$

Wherein, δ is default decimal.Wherein, δ is default decimal, and such as 0.0001, δ can guarantee ratio when angle theta is near 0

Convergence.The angle theta span is

As shown in Figure 4, take through the center O of artificial composite material 10 second surface B and perpendicular to the straight line of artificial composite material 10 as axis of abscissas, take through the center O of artificial composite material 10 second surface B and the straight line that is parallel to second surface B as axis of ordinates, the angle of the line of certain 1 O ' and x axle is θ on virtual focus J and the B face.

The parabolic equation of supposing the parabolic arc m place shown in the solid line on the parabola is: y (x)=ax ²+ bx+c.This parabola is through point (0, (s+d) tan θ), i.e. y (0)=c=(s+d) tan θ.For so that electromagnetic wave is propagated along designed parabolical direction, the tangent line of parabolic arc is parallel with the x axle in the time of then need making electromagnetic wave through artificial composite material first surface A, guarantees that namely y ' (d)=0.Since y ' (x)=2ax+b, so y ' (d)=2ab+b=0.In the time of will guaranteeing also that in addition electromagnetic wave arrives artificial composite material second surface B, electromagnetic wave is propagated along tangential direction corresponding to angle theta, so y ' (0)=tan θ.The electromagnetic exit direction of any point O ' is that the center of circle is the direction of the radius J O ' at center of circle J and this O ' place among the ball E of J on the B face, also namely perpendicular to the direction on ball E surface.Can obtain parabolical equation by above several conditions is $y\left(x\right)=\tan \mathrm{\&theta;}(-\frac{1}{2d}{x}^2+x+s+d).$ Can get thus the relational expression of the upper every bit (x, y) of angle theta and parabolic arc m $\mathrm{\&theta;}(x,y)={\tan }^{-1}\left[\frac{2\mathrm{dy}}{2d(s+d+x)-x^2}\right].$ Curved surface in the unique corresponding artificial composite material of angle theta, around L (x axle) rotation, the refractive index of everywhere is all identical on this curved surface of the unique correspondence of angle theta by bus m for this curved surface.

Artificial composite material can be used for the plane wave-wave of radiation source emission is converted to spherical wave.Its refractive index along with the increase of angle theta from n _{Min (i)}Increase to n _{Max (i)}, such as Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 5.Parabola segmental arc on the parabola shown in the solid line is the bus of a virtual curved face, and the refractive index on the identical curved surface is identical.Being understandable that artificial composite material provided by the invention also can be applicable to the situation that spherical wave is converted to plane wave, also is the reversible sight among Fig. 1, and the structure of artificial composite material itself need not to change.Therefore, the various application scenarioss that carry out so long as use principle of the present invention all belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Artificial composite material can be designed as a plurality of artificial composite material lamellas when the structural design of reality, each lamella comprises the substrate and a plurality of artificial micro-structural or the artificial pore structure that are attached on the described substrate of sheet.The refraction index profile of rear integral body of combining a plurality of artificial composite material lamellas need to satisfy or approximately satisfy above-mentioned formula, so that the refraction index profile on same curved surface is identical, the busbar of curved surface is parabolic arc.Certainly, when actual design, may be designed to relatively difficulty of accurate parabolic arc, can be designed to as required the parabolic arc that is similar to or stepped, concrete levels of precision can be selected according to needs.Along with the continuous progress of technology, the mode of design also can be constantly updated, and may have better artificial composite material design technology and realize that refractive index provided by the invention arranges.

For artificial micro-structural, plane with geometrical pattern or the stereochemical structure of each described artificial micro-structural for being comprised of wire is such as but not limited to " ten " font, plane flakes, stereo snow flake shape.Wire can be copper wire or filamentary silver, can be attached on the substrate by etching, plating, brill quarter, photoetching, electronics is carved or ion is carved method.A plurality of artificial micro-structurals in the artificial composite material so that the refractive index of super material increase along with the increase of angle theta.In the situation that incident electromagnetic wave is determined, artificial micro-structural the arranging in electromagnetic wave converging element of topological pattern and different size by the artificial micro-structural of appropriate design, just can adjust the refraction index profile of artificial composite material, and then realize that the electromagnetic wave spherical wave formal transformation of plane form is the electromagnetic wave of dispersing.

In order to represent more intuitively artificial composite material lamella refractive index refractive index regularity of distribution on the yx face, the unit that refractive index is identical is linked to be a line, and represent the size of refractive index with the density of line, the closeer refractive index of line is larger, then meet above all relational expressions super material refraction index profile as shown in Figure 5.

The present invention also provides a kind of artificial composite material antenna, except comprising as Fig. 1 or the artificial composite material 10 shown in Figure 2, also comprise the radiation source that is arranged on artificial composite material 10 1 sides, concrete structure and the variations in refractive index of artificial composite material 10 are as indicated above, repeat no more herein.

Previously described artificial composite material can be shape shown in Figure 2, and can certainly be made into is other shapes that need such as circular etc., gets final product so long as can satisfy previously described variations in refractive index rule.

When practical application, for so that the performance of artificial composite material is better, reduce reflection, can impedance matching layer all be set in the artificial composite material both sides.Content about impedance matching layer can referring to the prior art data, repeat no more herein.

The present invention is designed to the curved surface shape in the saltus step of the refractive index of artificial composite material, thereby greatly reduces refraction, diffraction and the reflection effect of saltus step place, has alleviated to interfere with each other the problem of bringing, so that artificial composite material has more excellent performance.

The above is described embodiments of the invention by reference to the accompanying drawings; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment only is schematic; rather than restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; not breaking away from the scope situation that aim of the present invention and claim protect, also can make a lot of forms, these all belong within the protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. an artificial composite material is characterized in that, described artificial composite material is divided into a plurality of zones; Plane electromagnetic wave incides the first surface of described artificial composite material and penetrates in the form of the second surface relative with described first surface with spherical wave; The electromagnetic wave that penetrates oppositely extension intersects on the virtual focus of described artificial composite material;

The i zone partly is the bottom surface in i zone with the common factor of described first surface, and the i zone partly is the end face in i zone with the common factor of described second surface; If the line of any and be θ perpendicular to the angle between the straight line of artificial composite material on the end face of virtual focus and described i zone, curved surface in the unique corresponding i of the angle theta zone, the set that has the point of identical angle theta on the end face of i zone consists of the border of the curved surface of the unique correspondence of angle theta; And the refractive index of everywhere is all identical on the curved surface of the unique correspondence of angle theta, and the bus of described curved surface is parabolic arc; Each regional refractive index is along with the increase of angle theta reduces gradually.

2. artificial composite material according to claim 1 is characterized in that, establishes on the end face excircle of virtual focus and i zone the line of any and is θ perpendicular to the angle between the straight line of artificial composite material _i, i is positive integer and less the closer to i corresponding to the zone at artificial composite material center; Wherein, angle theta _iThe arc length of the bus of corresponding curved surface is c (θ _i), arc length c (θ _i) and angle theta _iSatisfy following formula:

$c\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_i\right)=\frac{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{n_{\max \left(i\right)}-n_{\min (i+1)}};$

$(s+d)\&times;(\frac{1}{\cos {\mathrm{\&theta;}}_i}-\frac{1}{\cos {\mathrm{\&theta;}}_{i-1}})=c\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_i\right)n_{\max \left(i\right)}-c\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_{i-1}\right)n_{\min \left(i\right)});$

Wherein, θ ₀=0, c (θ ₀)=d; S is that described virtual focus is to the distance of described artificial composite material; D is the thickness of described artificial composite material; λ is electromagnetic wavelength, n _{Max (i)}, n _{Min (i)}Be respectively largest refractive index and the minimum refractive index in i zone, n _{Max (i+1)}It is the largest refractive index in i+1 zone.

3. artificial composite material according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the largest refractive index in adjacent two zones and minimum refractive index satisfy: n _{Max (i)}-n _{Min (i)}=n _{Max (i+1)}-n _{Min (i+1)}

4. artificial composite material according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the refraction index profile in i zone satisfies:

$n_i\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)=\frac{1}{c\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)}[\frac{(s+d)}{\mathrm{cos\&theta;}}-(s+d)+n_{\min }d];$

Wherein c (θ) is the arc length of the bus of curved surface corresponding to angle theta, and s is the distance that described virtual focus arrives described artificial composite material, and d is the thickness of described artificial composite material; n _MinMinimum refractive index for described artificial composite material.

5. artificial composite material according to claim 4 is characterized in that, arc length c (θ) satisfies following formula:

$c\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)=\frac{d}{2}[\frac{\log \left(\right|\tan \mathrm{\&theta;}|+\sqrt{1+{\tan }^2\mathrm{\&theta;}})+\mathrm{\&delta;}}{\left|\tan \mathrm{\&theta;}\right|+\mathrm{\&delta;}}+\sqrt{1+{\tan }^2\mathrm{\&theta;}}];$

Wherein, δ is default decimal.

6. artificial composite material according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, take through the center of described artificial composite material second surface and perpendicular to the straight line of described artificial composite material as axis of abscissas, take through the center of described artificial composite material second surface and the straight line that is parallel to described second surface as axis of ordinates, the parabolic equation at described parabolic arc place is:

$y\left(x\right)=\tan \mathrm{\&theta;}(-\frac{1}{2d}{x}^2+x+s+d).$

7. an artificial composite material antenna is characterized in that, comprises radiation source and the artificial composite material that is arranged on the Electromagnetic Wave Propagation direction; Described artificial composite material is divided into a plurality of zones; Plane electromagnetic wave incides the first surface of described artificial composite material and penetrates in the form of the second surface relative with described first surface with spherical wave; The electromagnetic wave that penetrates oppositely extension intersects on the virtual focus of described artificial composite material;

The i zone partly is the bottom surface in i zone with the common factor of described first surface, and the i zone partly is the end face in i zone with the common factor of described second surface; If the line of any and be θ perpendicular to the angle between the straight line of artificial composite material on the end face of virtual focus and described i zone, curved surface in the unique corresponding i of the angle theta zone, the set that has the point of identical angle theta on the end face of i zone consists of the border of the curved surface of the unique correspondence of angle theta; And the refractive index of everywhere is all identical on the curved surface of the unique correspondence of angle theta, and the bus of described curved surface is parabolic arc; Each regional refractive index is along with the increase of angle theta reduces gradually.

8. artificial composite material antenna according to claim 7 is characterized in that, establishes on the end face excircle of virtual focus and i zone the line of any and is θ perpendicular to the angle between the straight line of artificial composite material _i, i is positive integer and less the closer to i corresponding to the zone at artificial composite material center; Wherein, angle theta _iThe arc length of the bus of corresponding curved surface is c (θ _i), arc length c (θ _i) and angle theta _iSatisfy following formula:

$c\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_i\right)=\frac{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{n_{\max \left(i\right)}-n_{\min (i+1)}};$

$(s+d)\&times;(\frac{1}{\cos {\mathrm{\&theta;}}_i}-\frac{1}{\cos {\mathrm{\&theta;}}_{i-1}})=c\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_i\right)n_{\max \left(i\right)}-c\left({\mathrm{\&theta;}}_{i-1}\right)n_{\min \left(i\right)});$

Wherein, θ ₀=0, c (θ ₀)=d; S is that described virtual focus is to the distance of described artificial composite material; D is the thickness of described artificial composite material; λ is electromagnetic wavelength, n _{Max (i)}, n _{Min (i)}Be respectively largest refractive index and the minimum refractive index in i zone, n _{Max (i+1)}It is the largest refractive index in i+1 zone.

9. artificial composite material antenna according to claim 8 is characterized in that, the largest refractive index in adjacent two zones and minimum refractive index satisfy: n _{Max (i)}-n _{Min (i)}=n _{Max (i+1)}-n _{Min (i+1)}

10. artificial composite material antenna according to claim 8 is characterized in that,

The refraction index profile in i zone satisfies:

$n_i\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)=\frac{1}{c\left(\mathrm{\&theta;}\right)}[\frac{(s+d)}{\mathrm{cos\&theta;}}-(s+d)+n_{\min }d];$

Wherein c (θ) is the arc length of the bus of curved surface corresponding to angle theta, and s is the distance that described virtual focus arrives described artificial composite material, and d is the thickness of described artificial composite material; n _MinMinimum refractive index for described artificial composite material.

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