CN102901441A - Crack condition monitoring method for construction engineering structures and monitoring system using crack condition monitoring method - Google Patents
Crack condition monitoring method for construction engineering structures and monitoring system using crack condition monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102901441A CN102901441A CN2011102149498A CN201110214949A CN102901441A CN 102901441 A CN102901441 A CN 102901441A CN 2011102149498 A CN2011102149498 A CN 2011102149498A CN 201110214949 A CN201110214949 A CN 201110214949A CN 102901441 A CN102901441 A CN 102901441A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a crack condition monitoring method for construction engineering structures and a monitoring system. The method includes the steps: attaching a probe on the surface of a to-be-detected construction engineering structure to directly sense stress signals, wherein the probe consists of PZT (lead zirconate titanate) composite sheets of a two-sided deposited NiTiSMA film with connection leads at two lateral ends; converting the stress signals into charge signals, amplifying the charge signals to obtain probe voltage signals, denoising through lowpass filtering and performing A/D (analog/digital) conversion; and storing in a database of a computer system, outputting a strain-frequency relation curve reflecting force-electricity conversion characteristics of the probe by data analysis, and judging crack states of the construction engineering structure. The monitoring system comprises the probe, a charge amplifier, a lowpass filter, a data acquisition card and the computer system. The method has the advantages that the probe is high in comprehensive dynamic performance, the detection range is widened, continuous dynamic tracking detection is realized, and the system is simple in structure and low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building engineering structure crackle state inspection field, relate in particular to the monitoring system of a kind of building engineering structure crackle state monitoring method and application the method.
Background technology
For building engineering structure, which kind of effective means is large-scale construction engineering structure particularly should adopt remove to monitor inner crackle state in its operation, to assess its whether safe operation, being a global difficult scientific problems, also is the realistic problem that an an urgent demand solves.
The Eddy current detector, magnetic tester, x-ray method test, acoustic emission, magnetism molecule and the technology such as magnetic leakage, shock-wave reflection and rebound hammer, microwave absorption and neutron radiograph that develop in the world at present, belong to active detection technique, during detection, the emissioning testing signal of system own, signal function is in transmitting by geodesic structure and in structure, when running into the tested inside configuration defectives such as crackle, reflect, judge the crackle state of tested inside configuration by analyzing this reflected signal.But because signal is subject to the absorption of tested structured media and the impact of scattering, the strength retrogression, transmission range is affected, thereby above-mentioned technology can only detect the crackle situation that occurs near the structure of proximity test point, generally at radius 0.2m centered by check point, in the scope of thick 0.1m; And existing detection is Static Detection, and namely in the disposable detection of certain particular moment, rather than the detection of dynamic of Continuous Tracking, i.e. monitoring can not reach the effect of security protection.Adopt measuring techniques for optical fiber, can be used for dynamic monitoring, and test specification is large, but because it is large to form the general fragility of material of optical fiber, in test, can not carry out the measurement of large strain, while optical fiber testing system complex structure, system cost is high, so the practical application of measuring techniques for optical fiber also is very restricted.
In recent years, ferroelectric ceramics is such as lead zirconate titanate Pb (Ti
xZr
1-x) O
3Constitutive relation and the lower-cost characteristics of the approximately linear that (being denoted as PZT) is simple in structure owing to having as sensing material, fast response time, Hz-KHz are wide, good come into one's own.But because himself existing quality crisp, dependent variable is little, and flimsy mechanics problem should not be used in engineering.At present, developed the PZT compound substance that NiTi marmem (being denoted as NiTi SMA) is deposited on PZT matrix upper and lower surface with the form of film and prepares double-sided deposition NiTiSMA film, this compound substance has preferably comprehensive mechanical property, and kept the superior power of PZT-fax sense characteristic, if the PZT compound substance of double-sided deposition NiTiSMA film is used for the passive detection device, be applied to building engineering structure crackle state-detection, will become overcome existing active, the comparatively ideal power of passive detection device defect-electric switching signal probe.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of simple in structure, building engineering structure crackle state monitoring method that cost is low and use the monitoring system of the method, improve probe material comprehensive mechanical property, be implemented in larger sensing range to the continuous dynamic monitoring of crackle state of building engineering structure, improve the effect to the building engineering structure security protection.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of building engineering structure crackle state monitoring method is characterized in that operation steps is as follows:
(1). at first will fixedly be attached to by the probe that both side ends consists of with the PZT composite material sheet of the double-sided deposition NiTiSMA film of connecting lead wire respectively the surface of detected building engineering structure, the stress signal that direct feeling building engineering structure inside is produced by the crackle state variation under the effect of environmental load power, and be converted to charged signal by self power-electric conversion properties; Then, charged signal amplified and be converted to the probe voltage signal, remove environmental noise through low-pass filtering and carry out again the A/D conversion, final data deposits in the database of computer system, through carrying out strain-frequency relation Drawing of Curve program, computer system is to the data analysis of storage, and then the strain of the power-electric conversion properties of the described probe of output reflection-frequency relation curve;
(2). the strain of the building engineering structure flawless state that records take probe and method with step (1)-frequency relation curve is as datum curve, to be compared by the described strain that obtains in the step (1)-frequency relation curve and datum curve at any time, relative variation according to strain-frequency relation curvilinear characteristic peak architectural feature, judge the crackle state of building engineering structure inside: if characteristic peak positions moves and quantity increases, illustrate that there is crackle in building engineering structure inside; If characteristic peak positions, quantity are unchanged, then illustrate at the inner flawless of building structure.
The thickness of described probe is that 0.1-0.3mm, floorage are 10-100mm
2
Use the monitoring system of described building engineering structure crackle state monitoring method, it is characterized in that comprising the probe that is consisted of with the PZT composite material sheet of the double-sided deposition NiTiSMA film of connecting lead wire respectively by both side ends, be used for the charged amplifier that charged signal amplifies and be converted to the probe voltage signal, the low-pass filter of filtering environmental noise, finish the data collecting card of probe voltage signal A/D conversion and by built-in strain-frequency relation Drawing of Curve program, the computer system that the computing machine of database and external unit thereof consist of, the lead-in wire of described probe is connected to the signal input part of charged amplifier, the signal output part of charged amplifier connects the signal input part of low-pass filter, the data input pin of the signal output part connection data capture card of low-pass filter, the data output end of data collecting card connects the data input pin of computing machine.
Described external unit comprises display, keyboard and printer.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the monitoring system of using building engineering structure crackle state monitoring method provided by the invention and application the method, directly the PZT composite material sheet with double-sided deposition NiTiSMA film is used as probe, according to the analysis to the strain of the power-electric conversion properties of the PZT compound substance of reflection double-sided deposition NiTiSMA film-frequency relation curvilinear characteristic peak architectural feature, dynamically pass judgment on the crackle state of building structure inside, the PZT compound substance of double-sided deposition NiTiSMA film is by the mutual supplement with each other's advantages of NiTiSMA and PZT on the one hand, not only have superior comprehensive mechanical property, and more be conducive to bring into play power-electric conversion properties of PZT; Can overcome the interference of ambient signal, and signal analysis is simply clear and definite; Be used for the passive detection device, need not emissioning testing signal, avoided affecting test specification because of signal attenuation.During use, PZT composite material sheet by double-sided deposition NiTiSMA film need only be attached to the building engineering structure surface, lead-in wire is connected to monitoring system, can realize the continuous dynamic monitoring of crackle state of the large-scale construction engineering structure of larger regional extent, the monitoring range bottom center that can reach to pop one's head in is former spot diameter 2m, the regional extent of thick 0.4m, be significantly higher than of the prior art take probe bottom center as former spot diameter 0.2m, the regional extent of thick 0.1m improves the effect to the building engineering structure security protection.It is simple that the monitoring system structure is compared fibre system, and cost is low, is suitable for popularization.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of building engineering structure crackle state monitoring method.
Fig. 2 is the monitoring system structured flowchart of using building engineering structure crackle state monitoring method.
Fig. 3 is PZT composite material sheet probe bonding synoptic diagram on the engineering construction structure of double-sided deposition NiTiSMA film.
Fig. 4 a is the strain that records of embodiment 1 building iron beams of concrete flawless state-frequency relation curve.
Fig. 4 b is the strain-frequency relation curve of reflection its power-electric conversion properties of embodiment 1 probe work in the time of the 70th day.
Fig. 5 a is the strain that records of embodiment 2 building iron beams of concrete flawless states-frequency relation curve.
Fig. 5 b is the strain-frequency relation curve of reflection its power-electric conversion properties of embodiment 2 probe work in the time of the 130th day.
Among the figure: 1 probe, 11 NiTiSMA films, 12PZT matrix, 2 charged amplifiers, 3 low-pass filters, 4 data collecting cards, 5 computer systems, 51 displays, 52 keyboards, 53 printers, 54 computing machines, 61 beam faces, 62 pillars.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples to the detailed description of the invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The invention provides out the monitoring system of a kind of building engineering structure crackle state monitoring method and application the method.Fig. 2 shows the structural representation of above-mentioned monitoring system; It is characterized in that comprising the probe 1 that consisted of with the PZT composite material sheet of the double-sided deposition NiTiSMA film 11 of connecting lead wire 13 respectively by both side ends, be used for charged amplifier 2 that charged signal amplifies and be converted to the probe voltage signal, the low-pass filter 3 of filtering environmental noise, finish the data collecting card 4 of probe voltage signal A/D conversion and by the computing machine 54 of built-in strain-frequency relation Drawing of Curve program, database and the computer system 5 that external unit consists of thereof, external unit comprises display 51, keyboard 52 and printer 53.
The lead-in wire 13 of above-mentioned probe 1 is connected to the signal input part of charged amplifier 2, the signal output part of charged amplifier 2 connects the signal input part of low-pass filter 3, the data input pin of the signal output part connection data capture card 4 of low-pass filter 3, the data output end of data collecting card 4 connects the data input pin of computing machine 54.Above-mentioned charged amplifier has adopted commercially available SD-15B type charge amplifier; Low-pass filter adopts chebyshev low-pass filter, its passband maximum attenuation 2db, and the stopband maximum attenuation is 60dB; Data collecting card has adopted the AMPCI-9110 data collecting card, and computing machine has adopted Lenovo Qitian W730E computing machine, and strain-frequency relation Drawing of Curve program is to adopt the conventional analysis mapping software of Visual B6.0 establishment.
Below, in conjunction with building engineering structure crackle state monitoring method provided by the invention and use the operating process that the above-mentioned monitoring system of the method is specifically set forth this monitoring method.In the present embodiment, by the building iron beams of concrete that two pillars, 62 brace summer faces 61 consist of, beam face 61 is of a size of: long 2.6m, wide 2.1m, thick 0.8m.As shown in Figure 2, probe 1 adopts the PZT composite material sheet of a rectangular double-sided deposition NiTiSMA film in this example, this compound substance is the PZT compound substance of preparing double-sided deposition NiTiSMA film 11 in PZT matrix 12 upper and lower surfaces with form of film deposition NiTi marmem (NiTiSMA), and it is of a size of: floorage=long 10mm * wide 5mm=50mm
2, thickness 0.3mm.In actual applications, the shape of probe 1 can be square, circular, oval or other any rules or irregular polygon.
Referring to Fig. 1～Fig. 3, concrete operation step is as follows:
(1). at first will fixedly be attached to by the probe 1 that both side ends consists of with the PZT composite material sheet of the double-sided deposition NiTiSMA film 11 of connecting lead wire 13 respectively the lower surface center of detected building iron beams of concrete beam face 61, get final product by bonding attaching, the stress signal that its direct feeling building structure inside is produced by the crackle state variation under the effect of environmental load power, and be converted to charged signal by self power-electric conversion properties.The PZT compound substance of double-sided deposition NiTiSMA film belongs to the sensing material of self-power generation type and data-collection formula, after this material is stressed, power-electric conversion properties by self is converted to charged signal, then, charged signal is transferred to charged amplifier 2, the function of charged amplifier is that the charged signal that will input is converted to accessible proportional output voltage signal, input variable as analytic system, this moment, charged signal was through amplifying and being converted to the probe voltage signal, be input to again low-pass filter 3, through low-pass filtering the environmental noise of frequency 〉=1000Hz is removed, again the probe voltage signal is input to data collecting card 4, the effect of data collecting card is to be digital signal with the probe voltage analog signal conversion, namely finish the A/D conversion, signal data deposits in the database of computer system the most at last, by carrying out strain-frequency relation Drawing of Curve program, to the data analysis of storage and draw out the strain of the power-electric conversion properties of corresponding reflection probe sometime-frequency relation curve, show by display 51 simultaneously or by printer 53 printouts.This relation curve directly reflects the crackle state variation situation of building structure inside.
(2). the building engineering structure that records take probe and method with step (1) at the strain of intact flawless state-frequency relation curve as datum curve, to be compared by the described strain that obtains in the step (1)-frequency relation curve and datum curve at any time, relative variation according to strain-frequency relation curvilinear characteristic peak architectural feature, judge the crackle state of building engineering structure inside: if characteristic peak positions moves and quantity increases, illustrate that there is crackle in building engineering structure inside; If characteristic peak positions, quantity are unchanged, flawless in building structure is described then.
Fig. 4 a is strain that the building iron beams of concrete is recorded at the intact flawless state of structure that just comes into operation-frequency relation curve, among the figure, in frequency 2.42566Hz, 11.98652Hz position characteristic peak is arranged respectively, characteristic peak is for characterizing the curve peak of building iron beams of concrete inner structure crackle state.When crackle occurring in the girder construction, corresponding the changing of the characteristic peak existence on strain-frequency relation curve (quantity and position).Fig. 4 b illustrates, in probe work in the time of 70 days, and the strain that building iron beams of concrete beam face is recorded-frequency relation curve.Figure can find out thus, quantity and the position of the characteristic peak on strain-frequency relation curve have produced variation with respect to Fig. 4 a: do not have characteristic peak in frequency 2.42566Hz, 11.98652Hz position, a plurality of characteristic peaks then appear in other positions, such as 3.74874Hz, 12.19128Hz and 22.05141Hz position, the position that is the characteristic peak of strain-frequency relation curve is moved, and quantity increases, and curvilinear structures obviously is different from the curvilinear structures of flawless state.Analyze conclusion: Fig. 4 b represents in the building iron beams of concrete crackle is arranged.
Through girder construction being adopted the supercritical ultrasonics technology test and in conjunction with actual prospecting, crackle occurring in 2 positions of beam face 61 take probe bottom center as the diameter 1.8-2m of initial point, thick 0.32-0.4m zone.
Present embodiment is all identical with monitoring method, equipment, the principle of work of embodiment 1. and difference is: building iron beams of concrete beam face 61 is of a size of long 2.8m, wide 2.2m, thick 0.8m.The PZT composite material sheet of the rectangular two-sided deposition NiTiSMA film that probe 1 adopts is of a size of: floorage=long 10mm * wide 10mm=100mm
2, thickness 0.1mm.
Fig. 5 a is strain that the building iron beams of concrete is recorded at the intact flawless state of structure that just comes into operation-frequency relation curve, among the figure, in frequency 1.44909Hz, 5.04032Hz, 11.75025Hz, 12.38029Hz position characteristic peak is arranged respectively.Fig. 5 b shows the strain that in the time of 130 days building iron beams of concrete beam face recorded in probe work-frequency relation curve, figure can find out thus, quantity and the position of the characteristic peak on strain-frequency relation curve have produced variation with respect to Fig. 5 a: at frequency 1.44909Hz, 5.04032Hz, 11.75025Hz, 12.38029Hz there is not characteristic peak in the position, and a plurality of characteristic peaks appear in other positions, as at frequency 3.29196Hz, 5.76487Hz, 12.64806Hz, 13.38836Hz, 28.58808Hz position, the position that is the characteristic peak of strain-frequency relation curve is moved, and quantity increases, and curvilinear structures obviously is different from the curvilinear structures of flawless state.Analyze conclusion: Fig. 5 b represents in the building iron beams of concrete crackle is arranged.
Through girder construction being adopted the actual prospecting of supercritical ultrasonics technology test and combination, in 1 position of beam face 61 take probe bottom center as the diameter 1.7-1.9m of initial point, thick 0.2-0.3m zone, and crackle appears in 2 positions take probe bottom center as the diameter 1.2-1.4m of initial point, thick 0.35-0.39m zone.
In sum, use the monitoring system of building engineering structure crackle state monitoring method provided by the invention and application the method, can realize the continuous dynamic monitoring of crackle state of the large-scale construction engineering structure of larger regional extent, the monitoring range bottom center that can reach to pop one's head in is former spot diameter 2m, the regional extent of thick 0.4m, be significantly higher than of the prior art take probe bottom center as former spot diameter 0.2m, the regional extent of thick 0.1m improves the effect to the building engineering structure security protection.It is simple that the monitoring system structure is compared the existing fiber system, and cost is low, is suitable for popularization.
Above content is not that method of the present invention, system architecture and Components Shape thereof and material are done any pro forma restriction.Every foundation technical spirit of the present invention all still belongs in the scope of technical solution of the present invention any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment does.
Claims (4)
1. building engineering structure crackle state monitoring method is characterized in that operation steps is as follows:
(1). at first will fixedly be attached to by the probe that both side ends consists of with the PZT composite material sheet of the double-sided deposition NiTiSMA film of connecting lead wire respectively the surface of detected building engineering structure, the stress signal that direct feeling building engineering structure inside is produced by the crackle state variation under the effect of environmental load power, and be converted to charged signal by self power-electric conversion properties; Then, charged signal amplified and be converted to the probe voltage signal, remove environmental noise through low-pass filtering and carry out again the A/D conversion, final data deposits in the database of computer system, through carrying out strain-frequency relation Drawing of Curve program, computer system is to the data analysis of storage, and then the strain of the power-electric conversion properties of the described probe of output reflection-frequency relation curve;
(2). the strain of the building engineering structure flawless state that records take probe and method with step (1)-frequency relation curve is as datum curve, to be compared by the described strain that obtains in the step (1)-frequency relation curve and datum curve at any time, relative variation according to strain-frequency relation curvilinear characteristic peak architectural feature, judge the crackle state of building engineering structure inside: if characteristic peak positions moves and quantity increases, illustrate that there is crackle in building engineering structure inside; If characteristic peak positions, quantity are unchanged, then illustrate at the inner flawless of building structure.
2. building engineering structure crackle state monitoring method according to claim 1, the thickness that it is characterized in that described probe is that 0.1-0.3mm, floorage are 10-100mm
2
3. use the monitoring system of building engineering structure crackle state monitoring method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that comprising the probe that is consisted of with the PZT composite material sheet of the double-sided deposition NiTiSMA film of connecting lead wire respectively by both side ends, be used for the charged amplifier that charged signal amplifies and be converted to the probe voltage signal, the low-pass filter of filtering environmental noise, finish the data collecting card of probe voltage signal A/D conversion and by built-in strain-frequency relation Drawing of Curve program, the computer system that the computing machine of database and external unit thereof consist of, the lead-in wire of described probe is connected to the signal input part of charged amplifier, the signal output part of charged amplifier connects the signal input part of low-pass filter, the data input pin of the signal output part connection data capture card of low-pass filter, the data output end of data collecting card connects the data input pin of computing machine.
4. monitoring system according to claim 3 is characterized in that described external unit comprises display, keyboard and printer.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105277168A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2016-01-27 | 上海力构传感器科技有限公司 | Quasi-dynamic strain measurement instrument |
| CN110174218A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-08-27 | 郑州正大建筑技术有限公司 | A kind of folk building flat-top infiltration detection device |
| CN111189404A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-05-22 | 北京交通大学 | Steel-concrete composite structure damage measurement system |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105277168A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2016-01-27 | 上海力构传感器科技有限公司 | Quasi-dynamic strain measurement instrument |
| CN110174218A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-08-27 | 郑州正大建筑技术有限公司 | A kind of folk building flat-top infiltration detection device |
| CN110174218B (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2020-10-20 | 郑州正大建筑技术有限公司 | Residential building flat top infiltration detection device |
| CN111189404A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-05-22 | 北京交通大学 | Steel-concrete composite structure damage measurement system |
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