CN102899360B - Method for producing fuel ethanol and feed protein by using college mess hall kitchen waste - Google Patents
Method for producing fuel ethanol and feed protein by using college mess hall kitchen waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN102899360B CN102899360B CN201210393707.4A CN201210393707A CN102899360B CN 102899360 B CN102899360 B CN 102899360B CN 201210393707 A CN201210393707 A CN 201210393707A CN 102899360 B CN102899360 B CN 102899360B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing fuel ethanol and feed protein by using college mess hall kitchen wastes, belonging to the biochemical field. The invention relates to a new method for producing ethanol and feed protein by using college mess hall kitchen wastes as raw materials. The invention solves the problems of complex process, high production cost, low product yield and great industrial production difficulty existing in the existing method for producing ethanol and feed protein by using kitchen wastes. The method for producing fuel ethanol and feed protein by using college mess hall kitchen wastes comprises the following steps of: 1) crushing, steaming and boiling of raw materials; 2) centrifugal separation, drying and dehydration; 3) extruding-expansion treatment; 4) synchronous saccharification and fermentation; 5) ethanol distillation; and 6) residual protection separation and preparation. Since the college mess hall kitchen wastes are used as raw materials to produce ethanol and feed protein, not only can the production costs of ethanol and feed protein be greatly decreased, but also the goals of turning the wastes into valuable things, improving the added value of the college mess hall kitchen wastes and preventing the college mess hall kitchen wastes from causing environmental pollution and social harm can be achieved.
Description
Technical field: the present invention relates to the method that a kind of university dining room kitchen castoff is produced alcohol fuel and feedstuff protein.
Background technology:
Kitchen castoff refers to the remaining castoff in the kitchen producing in the activities such as resident's daily life and the food-processing except resident's daily life, catering service, unit serve the meals, mainly take the materials such as starch based, foodstuff fibre class, animal tallow class as main, it is the main component of organic phase in domestic waste, there is water ratio high, grease, salt content are high, perishable, fermentation, the feature such as smelly.The channel of its generation is mainly the processes such as food-processing, processing, transportation, and source mainly concentrates on hotel, food factory, school, government, scientific research administrative organization etc.Perishable organism moisture and fat content are high, if burn and can greatly reduce the heat energy utilization burning with domestic garbage mixing, while lipid material wherein becomes the important factor that produces dioxin under the catalytic condition of heavy metal; Landfill disposal can produce a large amount of biogas and percolate, and environment is caused to secondary pollution,
Along with improving constantly of socio-economic development and standard of living, changing food waste is just becoming the new problem that China city manager faces.Although a few cities has taken measures to be administered, no matter from each level analysis such as technology, management, it is only the starting stage in China that kitchen castoff is effectively processed, and remains in many social concerns and a technical difficult problem.Kitchen castoff at home most cities exists the problems such as unordered, any disposal of management, has become the primary pollution source of refuse collection, transportation and landfill disposal, has a strong impact on city look and feel, resident is healthy and environmental quality.Thereby, must effectively process and resources development and utilization changing food waste, could fundamentally solve the problem of the aspects such as environmental pollution, the wasting of resources and food safety that changing food waste brings and HUMAN HEALTH.
At present, kitchen castoff treatment process is many, have as rubbish directly discharge, burn, bury, lawless person's second stage employ is produced sewer oil and feed the approach such as animal and biological treatment of raising, in these methods, biological treatment is a kind of effective kitchen castoff treatment process, and therefore current meal kitchen machine thing is taked biological treatment mostly.Both at home and abroad to biotechnology research many as aerobic compost treatment technology, Anaerobic Digestion technology, fodder treatment technology, biochemical processing etc.In the middle of these technology, it is hotter that microorganism fermenting kitchen waste is produced the technical study of ethanol and feed, this can not only solve the pollution problem of kitchen castoff, also can turn waste into wealth, produce the products with practical value such as alcohol fuel and feed, greatly increase the added value of kitchen castoff, improved the utilization ratio of resource.
But, current kitchen castoff fermentative production of ethanol and feed are also existed to more problem, for example technological method cost is higher mostly, alcohol yied is lower, because Mierocrystalline cellulose in kitchen castoff, grease are more, can hinder the carrying out of fermentation reaction, can utilize the carbohydrate utilization ratio of fermenting alcohol thereby lower for microorganism.Above factor is the major cause that restriction utilizes the technical development of method kitchen castoff fermentative production of ethanol and animal-feed.Many patent skills and scientific payoffs art also fail comprehensively to address these problems.Therefore, how selecting the utilization ratio that is applicable to the raw material of microorganism fermentation and improves kitchen castoff nutritive ingredient is the key point that solves an above-mentioned difficult problem.
University's dining room kitchen castoff contains the nutritive substances such as carbohydrate, starch, grease and protein, compare with other food and drink, restaurant, university's dining room dining table waste nutrition composition is stable, nutrition is comprehensive, grease is relatively low with content of cellulose, carbohydrate is more, microorganism is relative with other pollutent less, relatively be beneficial to by microorganism and utilize and carry out fermentation reaction production high value-added product, greatly can value of exploiting and utilizing so have.
Summary of the invention:
From above-mentioned technical background, now also not with specially for the method for university's dining room kitchen castoff producing fuel ethyl alcohol by ferment and feedstuff protein, other utilizes method of kitchen castoff production alcohol fuel and feedstuff protein to have a lot of defects.The object of this invention is to provide a kind of university's dining room kitchen castoff of take that has no so far report and be that fermenting raw materials produces the method for alcohol fuel and feedstuff protein, rate that the method has production technique advanced person, low cost, product is high, can suitability for industrialized production etc. feature.
The method concrete steps that a kind of university of the present invention dining room kitchen castoff is produced alcohol fuel and feedstuff protein are as follows:
1, university dining room kitchen castoff is produced a method for alcohol fuel and feedstuff protein, it is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) raw material crushing, boiling
University's dining room kitchen castoff carries out fragmentation with historrhexis's machine, makes solid particle great little ≤5mm, adds the water of 1 ~ 2 times, under 100 ℃ of conditions, stirs boiling 30min, then removes moisture, again adds the water of 1 ~ 2 times, continues boiling 15min;
(2) centrifugal, drying and dehydrating
Adopt horizontal centrifuge that solid-liquid is carried out to separation, get solid part, adopting microwave vacuum drying method is 5 ~ 10w/g at microwave power, and under vacuum tightness 0.1MPa condition, solid substance being carried out to drying and dehydrating to moisture content is 30% ~ 40%;
(3) extruding puffing is processed
Adopt twin-screw extruder at screw speed 100 ~ 150r/min, temperature is under 140 ~ 160 ℃ of conditions, and dried kitchen castoff is carried out to extruding puffing processing;
(4) simultaneous saccharification and fermentation
After kitchen castoff after extruding puffing is added to 5 ~ 10 times of water, 30min is stirred in boiling, be cooled to 45 ℃ of insulations, then the pH of regulation system is 4.0 ~ 6.0, fully be uniformly mixed rear 1% ~ 5% cellulase and 0.4% ~ 0.6% the saccharifying enzyme of first adding, at 50 ~ 65 ℃, react after 1h, solution being cooled to the high temperature resistant active dry yeast that adds 1.0% ~ 1.5% after 40 ℃, is to carry out simultaneous saccharification and fermentation 40 ~ 50h under 40 ~ 45 ℃ of conditions in temperature again;
(5) ethanol distillation
Feed liquid after fermentation is distilled under 80 ℃ of conditions, the ethanolic soln that obtains with film type vacuum concentrator by its simmer down to concentration more than 95%;
(6) residue albumen sepn preparation
In feed liquid after distillation, add 5 ~ 10 times of water dilutions, with NaOH solution, regulating pH is 8.0 ~ 8.5, in temperature, is under 60 ℃ of conditions, be incubated 2h and constantly stir.Then under 4000rpm condition, carry out centrifugal 10min, getting solution, partly to add HCl solution to regulate pH be 4.0 ~ 4.5, again with centrifugal and collecting precipitation under 4000rpm condition, extremely neutral with distilled water flushing, it is 30 ~ 35% that the hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane that so use molecular weight cut-off is 50000 ~ 100000 is concentrated into content by solid substance, then spray dry, obtain the high purity feedstuff protein pressed powder of total protein content 70% ~ 80%.
The present invention compares and has the following advantages with existing technology:
One, to take university's dining room kitchen castoff be raw material in the present invention, first utilize expelling-expansion pretreatment technology to make kitchen castoff short texture, make enzyme can contact and utilize with carbohydrate, Mierocrystalline cellulose etc. fully with microorganism, improve fermentation efficiency, for follow-up diastatic fermentation has been created very favorable condition.The method is having no related data report aspect kitchen castoff pre-treatment.Its method is simple, and cost is lower, is easy to industrialization and produces, and has stronger novelty and practicality aspect kitchen castoff pre-treatment.
Two, the present invention adopts simultaneous saccharification and fermentation explained hereafter alcohol fuel, adopt two enzyme combining yeasts with completing fermentation reaction, biochemical reaction speed is fast, reaction times and cost have been saved, solved enzymolysis product feedback inhibition inhibition, Mierocrystalline cellulose and the starch that can make full use of in kitchen castoff are converted into ethanol, and efficiency of pcr product is higher, has reduced production cost.
Three, the present invention adopts alkali to put forward the heavy method of acid and has extracted protein and the microbial proteinous in kitchen castoff, and adopt membrane separating method to concentrate, and provide cost savings, improved efficiency, fully retained protein-active, gained protein product purity is higher simultaneously.
Four, the present invention utilizes the prepared ethanol of kitchen castoff to can be used as industrial fuel, and prepared feedstuff protein safety non-pollution can, directly as feed, fodder additives and Animal nutrition reinforcer, have stronger practical value.
Five, the material that the inventive method is used comes from university dining room, and wide material sources have not only been saved the energy, have reduced environmental pollution and social danger.It is the method that a kind of simple and convenient, low-cost, efficient kitchen waste is produced alcohol fuel and feedstuff protein.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: the method that a kind of university dining room kitchen castoff is produced alcohol fuel and feedstuff protein realizes by following steps:
(1) raw material crushing, boiling
University's dining room kitchen castoff carries out fragmentation with historrhexis's machine, makes solid particle great little ≤5mm, adds the water of 1 ~ 2 times, under 100 ℃ of conditions, stirs boiling 30min, then removes moisture, again adds the water of 1 ~ 2 times, continues boiling 15min;
(2) centrifugal, drying and dehydrating
Adopt horizontal centrifuge that solid-liquid is carried out to separation, get solid part, adopting microwave vacuum drying method is 5 ~ 10w/g at microwave power, and under vacuum tightness 0.1MPa condition, solid substance being carried out to drying and dehydrating to moisture content is 30% ~ 40%;
(3) extruding puffing is processed
Adopt twin-screw extruder at screw speed 100 ~ 150r/min, temperature is under 140 ~ 160 ℃ of conditions, and dried kitchen castoff is carried out to extruding puffing processing;
(4) simultaneous saccharification and fermentation
Kitchen castoff after extruding puffing is added to boiling after 5 ~ 10 times of water and stir 30min, be cooled to 45 ℃ of insulations, then the pH of regulation system is 4.0 ~ 6.0, is fully uniformly mixed rear 1% ~ 5% cellulase and 0.4% ~ 0.6% the saccharifying enzyme of first adding,
At 50 ~ 65 ℃, reacting after 1h, then solution is cooled to the high temperature resistant active dry yeast that adds 1.0% ~ 1.5% after 40 ℃, is to carry out simultaneous saccharification and fermentation 40 ~ 50h under 40 ~ 45 ℃ of conditions in temperature;
(5) ethanol distillation
Feed liquid after fermentation is distilled under 80 ℃ of conditions, the ethanolic soln that obtains with film type vacuum concentrator by its simmer down to concentration more than 95%;
(6) residue albumen sepn preparation
In feed liquid after distillation, add 5 ~ 10 times of water dilutions, with NaOH solution, regulating pH is 8.0 ~ 8.5, in temperature, is under 60 ℃ of conditions, be incubated 2h and constantly stir.Then under 4000rpm condition, carry out centrifugal 10min, getting solution, partly to add HCl solution to regulate pH be 4.0 ~ 4.5, again with centrifugal and collecting precipitation under 4000rpm condition, extremely neutral with distilled water flushing, it is 30 ~ 35% that the hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane that so use molecular weight cut-off is 50000 ~ 100000 is concentrated into content by solid substance, then spray dry, obtain the high purity feedstuff protein pressed powder of total protein content 70% ~ 80%.
Embodiment two: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is in step (2) that microwave vacuum drying power is 6 ~ 8w/g, by solid substance drying and dehydrating to moisture content 32% ~ 35%.Other step is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is in step (2) that microwave vacuum drying power is 7w/g, by solid substance drying and dehydrating to moisture content 33%.Other step is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment four: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is that in step (3), screw rod of puffing machine rotating speed is 120 ~ 130r/min, and temperature is 145 ~ 150 ℃.Other step is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment five: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is in step (4) first to add 1.5% ~ 3% cellulase and 0.45% ~ 0.5% saccharifying enzyme in fermentation system, react 1h at 55 ~ 60 ℃ after, adding 1.2% ~ 1.4% high temperature resistant dry yeast, is 40 ~ 42 ℃ of condition bottom fermentation 45 ~ 48h in temperature.Other step is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment six: the difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is to use the hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane that molecular weight cut-off is 60000 ~ 80000 in step (6), and it is 32 ~ 35% that albumen solid substance is concentrated into content.Other step is identical with embodiment one.
Claims (4)
1.
university's dining room kitchen castoff is produced a method for alcohol fuel and feedstuff protein, it is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) raw material crushing, boiling
by university's dining room kitchen castoff fragmentation, add the water of 1 ~ 2 times, boiling 30min, repeats to add water boiling 1 ~ 2 time;
(2) centrifugal, drying and dehydrating
adopt whizzer that solid-liquid is carried out to separation, get solid part, adopting microwave vacuum drying method is 5 ~ 10w/g at microwave power, under vacuum tightness 0.1MPa condition, solid substance is carried out to drying and dehydrating;
(3) extruding puffing is processed
adopt extruder at screw speed 100 ~ 150r/min, temperature is under 140 ~ 160 ℃ of conditions, and dried kitchen castoff is carried out to extruding puffing processing;
(4) simultaneous saccharification and fermentation
after kitchen castoff after extruding puffing is added to 5 ~ 10 times of water, 30min is stirred in boiling, be cooled to 45 ℃, then the pH of regulation system is 4.0 ~ 6.0, fully be uniformly mixed rear 1% ~ 5% the cellulase of adding successively respectively, 0.4% ~ 0.6% saccharifying enzyme and 1.0% ~ 1.5% high temperature resistant dry yeast are to carry out simultaneous saccharification and fermentation 40 ~ 50h under 40 ~ 45 ℃ of conditions in temperature;
(5) ethanol distillation
feed liquid after fermentation is distilled and concentrated under 80 ℃ of conditions, obtain the above solution of ethanol content 95%;
(6) residue albumen sepn preparation
in feed liquid after distillation, add 5 ~ 10 times of water dilutions, with NaOH solution, regulating pH is 8.0 ~ 8.5, in temperature, be under 60 ℃ of conditions, be incubated 2h and fully stir, then under 4000rpm condition, carry out centrifugal, getting solution, partly to add HCl solution to regulate pH be 4.0 ~ 4.5, and centrifugal collecting precipitation, with distilled water flushing, then ultra-filtration membrane is concentrated into solid content 30 ~ 35%, and spraying is dried to obtain feedstuff protein.
2.
a kind of university according to claim 1 dining room kitchen castoff is produced the method for alcohol fuel and feedstuff protein, it is characterized in that: in described centrifugal, drying and dehydrating step, adopting microwave vacuum drying method that solid substance is dried to moisture content is 30% ~ 40%.
3.
a kind of university according to claim 1 dining room kitchen castoff is produced the method for alcohol fuel and feedstuff protein, it is characterized in that: in described simultaneous saccharification and fermentation step, first add cellulase and saccharifying enzyme to react after 1h at 50 ~ 60 ℃, then add high temperature resistant active dry yeast after solution is cooled to 40 ℃.
4.
a kind of university according to claim 1 dining room kitchen castoff is produced the method for alcohol fuel and feedstuff protein, it is characterized in that: in described residue albumen sepn preparation process, the hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane that the ultra-filtration membrane using is 50000 ~ 100000 for molecular weight cut-off.
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| CN115820753A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-21 | 青岛君康洁净科技有限公司 | Wet garbage full-scale treatment method |
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| CN1948498A (en) * | 2006-10-24 | 2007-04-18 | 北京科技大学 | Method of producing fuel alcohol by kitchen garbage fermentation |
| CN101565720A (en) * | 2009-06-04 | 2009-10-28 | 合肥聚能生物工程有限公司 | Process for ethanol production from dining and kitchen waste |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1948498A (en) * | 2006-10-24 | 2007-04-18 | 北京科技大学 | Method of producing fuel alcohol by kitchen garbage fermentation |
| CN101565720A (en) * | 2009-06-04 | 2009-10-28 | 合肥聚能生物工程有限公司 | Process for ethanol production from dining and kitchen waste |
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