CN102896236B - Method for preparing alloy steel/copper alloy integral materials - Google Patents
Method for preparing alloy steel/copper alloy integral materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN102896236B CN102896236B CN201210343997.1A CN201210343997A CN102896236B CN 102896236 B CN102896236 B CN 102896236B CN 201210343997 A CN201210343997 A CN 201210343997A CN 102896236 B CN102896236 B CN 102896236B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing alloy steel/copper alloy integral materials. The method includes: firstly, machining copper alloy and alloy steel into a tubular shape, machining the outer surface of the copper alloy and the inner surface of the steel alloy into tooth profile structures which are mutually matched and embedded; secondly, performing cleansing treatment on the surfaces of the two kinds of processed parts; thirdly, heating an alloy steel tube in the protective atmosphere environment; then, pressing a copper alloy steel tube into the alloy steel tube; and finally, placing the embedded alloy steel/copper alloy integral part materials in a hydrogen furnace for thermal insulation, and performing cooling after the alloy steel/copper alloy integral part materials are stably connected. The oxide on the surface is restored under the reducing atmosphere, further by means of the pressure stress generated due to the fact that the expansion of the copper alloy is larger than that of the steel alloy under high temperature, the solid diffusion between the copper alloy and the alloy steel is full, and combination with certain strength is formed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field that different metal materials connects, be specifically related to the preparation method of a kind of steel alloy/tungsten/copper-alloy integrated material.
Background technology
Steel alloy has higher intensity, hardness, toughness, plasticity and certain solderability, is often used as the structural material in engineering structure.Copper alloy has good wearability and conductibility.If steel alloy and two kinds of dissimilar materials of copper alloy are linked together by the method for materials processing, be prepared into steel alloy/tungsten/copper-alloy integrated material members, will work in coordination with this bi-material of performance performance advantage separately, implementation structure-function integration, also will meet the particular/special requirement of some engineering machinery critical components to material.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the preparation method of a kind of steel alloy/tungsten/copper-alloy integrated material, can work in coordination with this bi-material of performance performance advantage separately, meet the particular/special requirement of some engineering machinery critical components to material.
Technical solution of the present invention is the preparation method of a kind of steel alloy/tungsten/copper-alloy integrated material, first copper alloy and steel alloy is machined into cylindricly, the inner surface of the outer surface of copper alloy and steel alloy is processed into the tooth-shape structure of working in coordination and inlaying; Secondly, the parts surface that two classes are processed carries out purifying processing; Again, in protective atmosphere environment, alloy steel cylinder heats; Then, copper alloy cylinder is pressed in steel alloy cylinder; Finally, the steel alloy/tungsten/copper-alloy integrated construction material to produced by insert molding is incubated in hydrogen furnace, waits both to form after stable connection, cooling.
Feature of the present invention is also,
Specifically implement according to following steps:
Step 1, machining
By copper alloy and steel alloy machined become columnar structured, the inwall of described copper alloy cylinder is along the axially extended tooth-shape structure of copper alloy cylinder, steel alloy cylinder outer wall is the tooth-shape structure that extends axially and match with copper alloy cylinder inner wall along steel alloy cylinder, and the margin of tolerance that makes the cylinder toothed external diameter of copper alloy and the cylinder toothed internal diameter of steel alloy can not pack in steel alloy cylinder for copper alloy cylinder at ambient temperature;
Step 2, steel alloy and copper alloy surface processing
The steel alloy cylinder that step 1 is processed and copper alloy cylinder, first, rinse surface residue with gasoline, again remains in surperficial greasy dirt with Ultrasonic Cleaning;
Step 3, high temperature is inlayed
The steel alloy cylinder that step 2 surface treatment is completed is positioned in atmosphere protection stove, steel alloy cylinder is heated to 200-400 DEG C and makes its expansion, be incubated and after 10-30 minute, steel alloy cylinder shifted out outside stove, the copper alloy cylinder of handling well in step 2 is pressed in steel alloy cylinder fast, complete hot charging, obtain steel alloy/tungsten/copper-alloy integrated material members;
Step 4, the solid-state diffusion under high temperature reduction condition connects
Step 3 is completed to steel alloy/tungsten/copper-alloy integrated material members after hot charging and continue to put into hydrogen atmosphere protection stove and carry out post bake, heating-up temperature is 700-1000 DEG C, and insulation 1-3 hour carries out machined after cooling with stove.
In the stove of atmosphere protection described in step 3, protective gas is nitrogen.
The furnace reduction of atmosphere protection described in step 4 gas is hydrogen.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, utilize the thermal expansion coefficient difference of steel alloy and copper alloy, together with by the mode of hot charging, copper alloy being embedded in steel alloy, realize both interference fit; Under high temperature reduction atmospheric condition subsequently, be incubated certain hour, utilize simultaneously reducing atmosphere also under the oxide of original surface and high temperature the expansion of copper alloy be greater than the expansion of steel alloy and the compression that produces, impel between copper alloy and steel alloy solid-state diffusion more abundant, form high-intensity metallurgical binding.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the preparation method's of steel alloy of the present invention/tungsten/copper-alloy integrated material process chart;
Fig. 2 is the tooth-shape structure figure for preparing copper alloy in method of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the tubular construction figure for preparing steel alloy in method of the present invention;
Fig. 4 prepares steel alloy/tungsten/copper-alloy integrated material members schematic diagram in method of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
The invention provides the preparation method of a kind of steel alloy/tungsten/copper-alloy integrated material, first copper alloy and steel alloy are machined into cylindricly, the inner surface of the outer surface of copper alloy and steel alloy is processed into the tooth-shape structure of working in coordination and inlaying; Secondly, the parts surface that two classes are processed carries out purifying processing; Again, in protective atmosphere environment, alloy steel cylinder heats; Then, copper alloy cylinder is pressed in steel alloy cylinder; Finally, the steel alloy/tungsten/copper-alloy integrated construction material to produced by insert molding is incubated in hydrogen furnace, allows copper alloy and steel alloy generation solid-state diffusion, waits both to form after stable connection, cooling.As shown in Figure 1, implement according to following steps:
Step 1, machining
By copper alloy and steel alloy machined become columnar structured.As shown in Figure 2, the inwall of described copper alloy cylinder is along the axially extended tooth-shape structure of copper alloy cylinder; As shown in Figure 3, steel alloy cylinder outer wall is the tooth-shape structure that extends axially and match with copper alloy cylinder inner wall along steel alloy cylinder, and the margin of tolerance that makes the cylinder toothed external diameter of copper alloy and the cylinder toothed internal diameter of steel alloy can not pack in steel alloy cylinder for copper alloy cylinder at ambient temperature;
Step 2, steel alloy and copper alloy surface processing
The steel alloy cylinder that step 1 is processed and copper alloy cylinder, first rinse greasy dirt and the impurity of remained on surface with gasoline; Further clean with ultrasonic wave again;
Step 3, high temperature is inlayed
The steel alloy cylinder that step 2 pretreatment is completed is positioned in nitrogen atmosphere protection stove, steel alloy cylinder is heated to 200-400 DEG C and makes its expansion, be incubated and after 10-30 minute, steel alloy cylinder shifted out from stove, the copper alloy profile of tooth cylinder of handling well in step 2 is pressed in hot steel alloy cylinder fast, complete hot charging, obtain steel alloy/tungsten/copper-alloy integrated material members, as shown in Figure 4;
Step 4, the solid-state diffusion under high temperature reduction condition connects
Step 3 is completed to steel alloy/tungsten/copper-alloy integrated material members after hot charging to be continued to put into hydrogen atmosphere protection sintering furnace and carries out post bake; heating-up temperature 700-1000 DEG C, insulation 1-3 hour, after waiting steel alloy and copper alloy to realize abundant solid-state diffusion; cooling with stove.
Finally, according to the actual size of engineering component, copper alloy inner side and steel alloy outside are processed, obtain integral material member.
Embodiment 1
By copper alloy and steel alloy machined become columnar structured, the inwall of copper alloy cylinder is along the axially extended tooth-shape structure of copper alloy cylinder, steel alloy cylinder outer wall is the tooth-shape structure that extends axially and match with copper alloy cylinder inner wall along steel alloy cylinder, and the margin of tolerance that makes the cylinder toothed external diameter of copper alloy and the cylinder toothed internal diameter of steel alloy can not pack in steel alloy cylinder for copper alloy cylinder at ambient temperature; The steel alloy cylinder processing and copper alloy cylinder gasoline are rinsed to surface residue, then remain in surperficial greasy dirt with Ultrasonic Cleaning; Steel alloy cylinder is positioned in atmosphere protection stove, steel alloy cylinder is heated to 200 DEG C it is expanded, be incubated and after 30 minutes, steel alloy cylinder shifted out outside stove, copper alloy cylinder is pressed in steel alloy cylinder fast, complete hot charging, obtain steel alloy/tungsten/copper-alloy integrated material members; Steel alloy/tungsten/copper-alloy integrated material members is continued to put into hydrogen atmosphere protection stove and carry out post bake, heating-up temperature is 900 DEG C, is incubated 1 hour, carries out machined after cooling with stove.
Embodiment 2
By copper alloy and steel alloy machined become columnar structured, the inwall of copper alloy cylinder is along the axially extended tooth-shape structure of copper alloy cylinder, steel alloy cylinder outer wall is the tooth-shape structure that extends axially and match with copper alloy cylinder inner wall along steel alloy cylinder, and the margin of tolerance that makes the cylinder toothed external diameter of copper alloy and the cylinder toothed internal diameter of steel alloy can not pack in steel alloy cylinder for copper alloy cylinder at ambient temperature; The steel alloy cylinder processing and copper alloy cylinder gasoline are rinsed to surface residue, then remain in surperficial greasy dirt with Ultrasonic Cleaning; Steel alloy cylinder is positioned in atmosphere protection stove, steel alloy cylinder is heated to 300 DEG C it is expanded, be incubated and after 20 minutes, steel alloy cylinder shifted out outside stove, copper alloy cylinder is pressed in steel alloy cylinder fast, complete hot charging, obtain steel alloy/tungsten/copper-alloy integrated material members; Steel alloy/tungsten/copper-alloy integrated material members is continued to put into hydrogen atmosphere protection stove and carry out post bake, heating-up temperature is 700 DEG C, is incubated 2 hours, carries out machined after cooling with stove.
Embodiment 3
By copper alloy and steel alloy machined become columnar structured, the inwall of copper alloy cylinder is along the axially extended tooth-shape structure of copper alloy cylinder, steel alloy cylinder outer wall is the tooth-shape structure that extends axially and match with copper alloy cylinder inner wall along steel alloy cylinder, and the margin of tolerance that makes the cylinder toothed external diameter of copper alloy and the cylinder toothed internal diameter of steel alloy can not pack in steel alloy cylinder for copper alloy cylinder at ambient temperature; The steel alloy cylinder processing and copper alloy cylinder gasoline are rinsed to surface residue, then remain in surperficial greasy dirt with Ultrasonic Cleaning; Steel alloy cylinder is positioned in atmosphere protection stove, steel alloy cylinder is heated to 400 DEG C it is expanded, be incubated and after 10 minutes, steel alloy cylinder shifted out outside stove, copper alloy cylinder is pressed in steel alloy cylinder fast, complete hot charging, obtain steel alloy/tungsten/copper-alloy integrated material members; Steel alloy/tungsten/copper-alloy integrated material members is continued to put into hydrogen atmosphere protection stove and carry out post bake, heating-up temperature is 1000 DEG C, is incubated 1 hour, carries out machined after cooling with stove.
Due to steel alloy and copper alloy two class materials, in physics, chemical property and mechanical property etc., there were significant differences, the difference that method of the present invention utilizes copper alloy and steel alloy to fasten in expansion, steel alloy and copper alloy are carried out to cast setting after shaped at a certain temperature, after forming overall structure, utilize the expansive force producing under high temperature to carry out the solid-state diffusion under self-generated pressure by bi-material, the final integral material forming, can implementation structure function integration except having steel alloy and copper alloy separately performance.
The first hot charging of method of the present invention and then utilize reducing atmosphere also under the oxide of original surface and high temperature the expansion of copper alloy be greater than the expansion of steel alloy and the compression that produces, impel between copper alloy and steel alloy solid-state diffusion more abundant, form the combination of some strength.
Advantage of the present invention is, provides a kind of and can prepare the integral material simultaneously with steel alloy and copper alloy bi-material feature performance benefit, and what is more important, integral material prepared by the present invention is in conjunction with stable, and preparation technology is simple and reliable, and cost is low.
Claims (3)
1. a preparation method for steel alloy/tungsten/copper-alloy integrated material, is characterized in that, first copper alloy and steel alloy is machined into cylindricly, the inner surface of the outer surface of copper alloy and steel alloy is processed into the tooth-shape structure of working in coordination and inlaying; Secondly, the parts surface that two classes are processed carries out purifying processing; Again, in protective atmosphere environment, alloy steel cylinder heats; Then, copper alloy cylinder is pressed in steel alloy cylinder; Finally, the steel alloy/tungsten/copper-alloy integrated construction material to produced by insert molding is incubated in hydrogen furnace, waits both to form after stable connection, cooling,
Specifically implement according to following steps:
Step 1, machining
By copper alloy and steel alloy machined become columnar structured, the inwall of described copper alloy cylinder is along the axially extended tooth-shape structure of copper alloy cylinder, steel alloy cylinder outer wall is the tooth-shape structure that extends axially and match with copper alloy cylinder inner wall along steel alloy cylinder, and the margin of tolerance that makes the cylinder toothed external diameter of copper alloy and the cylinder toothed internal diameter of steel alloy can not pack in steel alloy cylinder for copper alloy cylinder at ambient temperature;
Step 2, steel alloy and copper alloy surface processing
The steel alloy cylinder that step 1 is processed and copper alloy cylinder, first, rinse surface residue with gasoline, again remains in surperficial greasy dirt with Ultrasonic Cleaning;
Step 3, high temperature is inlayed
The steel alloy cylinder that step 2 surface treatment is completed is positioned in atmosphere protection stove, steel alloy cylinder is heated to 200-400 DEG C and makes its expansion, be incubated and after 10-30 minute, steel alloy cylinder shifted out outside stove, the copper alloy cylinder of handling well in step 2 is pressed in steel alloy cylinder fast, complete hot charging, obtain steel alloy/tungsten/copper-alloy integrated material members;
Step 4, the solid-state diffusion under high temperature reduction condition connects
Step 3 is completed to steel alloy/tungsten/copper-alloy integrated material members after hot charging and continue to put into hydrogen atmosphere protection stove and carry out post bake, heating-up temperature is 700-1000 DEG C, and insulation 1-3 hour carries out machined after cooling with stove.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the stove of atmosphere protection described in step 3, protective gas is nitrogen.
3. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, the furnace reduction of atmosphere protection described in step 4 gas is hydrogen.
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| CN1504282A (en) * | 2002-11-27 | 2004-06-16 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Process of composite stainless steel / copper double metal rod |
| CN101585141A (en) * | 2009-07-08 | 2009-11-25 | 华鹏集团有限公司 | Composite stock compression molding process |
| CN101670383A (en) * | 2009-07-20 | 2010-03-17 | 大连合生科技开发有限公司 | Method for manufacturing inner covered stainless steel compound steel pipe |
| CN201497368U (en) * | 2009-07-31 | 2010-06-02 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | Composite roller for roller hearth furnace |
| CN101829775A (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2010-09-15 | 西安西工大超晶科技发展有限责任公司 | Production method of stainless steel/copper composite material heat exchange pipe fitting |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH02280931A (en) * | 1989-04-19 | 1990-11-16 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Method for connecting tube |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1504282A (en) * | 2002-11-27 | 2004-06-16 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Process of composite stainless steel / copper double metal rod |
| CN101585141A (en) * | 2009-07-08 | 2009-11-25 | 华鹏集团有限公司 | Composite stock compression molding process |
| CN101670383A (en) * | 2009-07-20 | 2010-03-17 | 大连合生科技开发有限公司 | Method for manufacturing inner covered stainless steel compound steel pipe |
| CN201497368U (en) * | 2009-07-31 | 2010-06-02 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | Composite roller for roller hearth furnace |
| CN101829775A (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2010-09-15 | 西安西工大超晶科技发展有限责任公司 | Production method of stainless steel/copper composite material heat exchange pipe fitting |
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