CN102890120A - AZ31 magnesium alloy deformation damage state characterization and quantitative evaluation system based on gravity center of power spectrum - Google Patents
AZ31 magnesium alloy deformation damage state characterization and quantitative evaluation system based on gravity center of power spectrum Download PDFInfo
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- CN102890120A CN102890120A CN2012103754976A CN201210375497A CN102890120A CN 102890120 A CN102890120 A CN 102890120A CN 2012103754976 A CN2012103754976 A CN 2012103754976A CN 201210375497 A CN201210375497 A CN 201210375497A CN 102890120 A CN102890120 A CN 102890120A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an AZ31 magnesium alloy deformation damage state characterization and quantitative evaluation system based on gravity center of power spectrum. According to the system, an original waveform signal extraction unit (1) performs analog/digital conversion on multiple paths of sensing information Sn and then outputs sound emission waveform information f0(T); and a deformation damage state matrix analysis unit (2) processes and outputs a deformation damage state matrix K=[A,FPSC] to a deformation damage grade estimation unit (3) and an early warning unit (4) for evaluation and alarm. The AZ31 magnesium alloy structural member is monitored through the sound emission technology, the deformation damage state information represented by a sound emission signal is obtained, the deformation damage state is quantitatively evaluated by employing a power spectrum gravity center method, and the deformation damage grade is evaluated. According to the method, the deformation damage of the AZ31 magnesium alloy structural member can be intuitively and quantitatively evaluated and judged in real time, and therefore, early warning is given, and the losses of equipment and casualties are reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of analytical approach of deformation faulted condition, more particularly, refer to a kind of employing acoustic emission and power spectrum gravity model appoach, the deformation faulted condition of AZ31 magnesium alloy is characterized and the system of qualitative assessment.
Background technology
In recent years, magnesium-alloy material output up to 20%, becomes the material that receives much concern in the annual growth in the whole world.Magnesium alloy has demonstrated great application prospect at industrial circles such as the vehicles, electronics and communication product, Aero-Space, chemical industry and machineries.The AZ31 magnesium alloy refers to contain the magnesium alloy of Al3% (wt%), Zn 1% (wt%), is the most widely wrought magnesium alloy of present commercial applications.The AZ31 magnesium alloy can be squeezed into bar, tubing, section bar, can be rolled into thin plate, slab, also can be processed into forging, is mainly used in the aspects such as automobile, Aero-Space parts, weapons.
The AZ31 magnesium alloy under arms afterwards damage be the one of the main reasons that causes its inefficacy, to make qualitative assessment to its faulted condition for this reason, in time, correctly estimate the impairment scale of AZ31 magnesium alloy member, for its safe operation and life prediction provide foundation.
Acoustic emission (Acoustic Emission Technique) because of have dynamically, the advantage such as in real time detection, be widely used in the damage check of structure and member.Practice shows that damage in various degree can occur material when being subjected to load, and the variation of faulted condition can cause the acoustic emission waveform signal characteristic that a series of variations occur.For example the elasticity faulted condition can occur change the yield damaging state into being subjected to quiet tensile load to do the time spent, these faulted conditions change the variation that all will cause acoustic emission waveform signal amplitude, phase place, frequency; Therefore can utilize acoustic emission as the instrument of monitoring AZ31 magnesium alloy load-bearing member deformation faulted condition.
The power spectrum gravity model appoach is to utilize the method for Fourier transform that the signal that vibrates is decomposed to time-domain signal, and press frequency order and launch, make it become the function of frequency, change the waveform of signal in time domain into the power spectrum of frequency field and then a kind of method of in frequency field, signal being studied and processed.The analysis of power spectrum center of gravity obtains the characteristic frequency of signal by power spectrum, the quantitative gravity frequency of gauge signal, thus the signal that constantly receives is carried out monitoring and the estimation of signal frequency.But take the gravity frequency of acoustic emission waveform signal data as the power spectrum center of gravity method picked up signal on basis, therefore the power spectrum gravity model appoach can be applied in the Acoustic emission signal processing of deformation faulted condition, thereby obtain quantitatively characterizing and the assessment of deformation faulted condition.
The AZ31 magnesium alloy has the crystal structure of close-packed hexagonal, and the mechanism of distortion has Praw texturing and two kinds of mechanism of slippage.Deformation mechanism is different, and the characteristic frequency of its acoustic emission signal is different; The effect ratio of two kinds of mechanism of distortion different phase is constantly to change, its complex sound transmits and contains the feature of two kinds of frequencies, but can contribute by the difference to distortion of the calculating of gravity frequency being weighed two kinds of mechanism, and judge the stage of deformation damage with this.
Summary of the invention
The loss that causes in order to reduce unexpected fracture that in use deformation of AZ31 magnesium alloy component damage causes, the present invention proposes a kind of employing acoustic emission to monitoring at labour AZ31 magnesium alloy structural part, obtain the deformation faulted condition information of acoustic emission waveform signal indication, and adopt power spectrum center of gravity method that its deformation faulted condition is carried out qualitative assessment.Using monitoring result of the present invention can carry out quantitative assessment judgement to AZ31 magnesium alloy structural part deformation faulted condition, thereby makes early warning, reduces the losses such as equipment and casualties.
Of the present invention based on the characterizing and quantitative evaluating system at labour AZ31 magnesium alloy structural part deformation faulted condition of power spectrum center of gravity, this system is comprised of original waveform signal extraction unit (1), deformation faulted condition matrix analysis unit (2), deformation damage grade evaluation unit (3) and prewarning unit (4);
Wherein, deformation faulted condition matrix analysis unit (2) are comprised of deformation faulted condition amplitude analysis module (21) and deformation faulted condition power spectrumanalysis module (22); Described deformation faulted condition power spectrumanalysis module (22) is comprised of deformation damage signal time-frequency modular converter (22A) and deformation damage signal power spectrum center of gravity calculation module (22B);
The multichannel heat transfer agent S of original waveform signal extraction unit (1) to receiving
nCarry out exporting the acoustic emission waveform information f after the analog to digital conversion
0(T);
Deformation faulted condition amplitude analysis module (21) concerns A=20logV according to voltage magnitude
Max-40 pairs of acoustic emission waveform information f
0(T) process, obtain deformation faulted condition signal amplitude A; Deformation damage signal time-frequency modular converter (22A) adopts Fourier pair acoustic emission waveform information f
0(T) process, obtain the power spectrum information ω F of spectrum estimation); Deformation damage signal power spectrum center of gravity calculation module (22B) concerns according to the power spectrum center of gravity the power spectrum information ω (F) that receives
Process, obtain deformation damage signal power spectrum center of gravity F
PSCBy deformation damage signal amplitude A and deformation damage signal power spectrum center of gravity F
PSCJointly consisted of the deformation faulted condition matrix K of reflection AZ31 structural member deformation faulted condition=[A, F
PSC], then with deformation faulted condition matrix K=[A, F
PSC] pass to deformation damage grade evaluation unit (3);
Deformation damage grade evaluation unit (3) is to K=[A, F
PSC] carry out the deformation Damage condition evaluation;
After prewarning unit (4) receives the warning enabling signal, trigger starting switch output prompt tone.
The present invention is based on the system advantage that power spectrum center of gravity analytic approach assesses AZ31 magnesium alloy deformation faulted condition is:
(A) the present invention uses power spectrum center of gravity analytical approach, with acoustic emission waveform information quantification, has obtained the quantitative parameter of the deformation faulted condition of reflection AZ31 structural member.
(B) the present invention is in conjunction with acoustic emission signal amplitude and power spectrum center of gravity method, the deformation faulted condition matrix of AZ31 magnesium alloy has been proposed, deformation faulted condition matrix is assessed the deformation faulted condition jointly by deformation damage acoustic emission signal amplitude and two parameters of deformation damage signal power spectrum center of gravity center of gravity, so that evaluation result is accurately reliable, greatly reduced wrong probability.
(C) the AZ31 magnesium alloy bearing member under the deformation damage division and the evaluation of deformation impairment scale have been carried out.Can make the evaluation of deformation faulted condition, deformation degree of injury to the AZ31 magnesium alloy structural part of unknown deformation faulted condition simplely.
(D) use the present invention to carry out Real-Time Monitoring to the deformation damage of the AZ31 magnesium alloy structural part under the operating mode, therefore in time early warning when dangerous situation occurring can greatly reduce the loss of personnel's property, guarantees safety and economic benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that Acoustic radiating instrument is connected with a plurality of sensors.
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart that stores AZ31 magnesium alloy deformation faulted condition quantitative evaluating system in the Acoustic radiating instrument.
Fig. 2 A is deformation faulted condition matrix analysis cellular construction block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is acoustic emission waveform information synoptic diagram.
Fig. 4 is power spectrum chart of the present invention.
| 1. original waveform |
2. deformation faulted condition |
| 21. deformation faulted condition |
22. deformation faulted condition |
| 22A. deformation damage signal time-frequency |
22B. deformation damage signal power spectrum center of |
| 3. deformation damage |
4. prewarning unit |
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The present invention arranges a plurality of calibrate AE sensors by the bearing member at large-scale bank crane tool, and the output terminal of a plurality of calibrate AE sensors is connected with Acoustic radiating instrument respectively.This Acoustic radiating instrument is used AZ31 magnesium alloy deformation faulted condition quantitative evaluating system of the present invention to the multichannel heat transfer agent that receives and is processed, thereby the deformation faulted condition of measurand (bearing member of large-scale bank crane tool) is carried out qualitative assessment.Referring to shown in Figure 1, Acoustic radiating instrument respectively with calibrate AE sensor A, calibrate AE sensor B, calibrate AE sensor C ..., calibrate AE sensor N connects, and realizes multi-Channel Acoustic information S to measurand by a plurality of calibrate AE sensors
nCollection.Multi-Channel Acoustic information S
nMiddle n represents the sign of calibrate AE sensor.
Described calibrate AE sensor is chosen the R15 sensor that PAC company produces.Its resonant frequency is 150kHz.
Described Acoustic radiating instrument is chosen the full digital acoustic emission system that PAC company produces.This acoustic emission system includes host computer system and DiSP system, and AZ31 magnesium alloy deformation faulted condition quantitative evaluating system of the present invention is stored in the storer of host computer system.Every passage in this DiSP system has the signal sampling rate up to 2MHz.
Shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 A, in order to reduce large-scale bank crane tool in use, because the loss that the suddenly fracture of AZ31 magnesium alloy structural part that various deformation damages cause causes, the present invention adopt Spectral Analysis Method to carry out qualitative assessment to carrying out the deformation faulted condition at labour AZ31 magnesium alloy structural part.AZ31 magnesium alloy member deformation faulted condition quantitative evaluating system of the present invention includes original waveform signal extraction unit 1, deformation faulted condition matrix analysis unit 2, deformation damage grade evaluation unit 3 and prewarning unit 4.
In the present invention, the deformation faulted condition characterizes with quantitative evaluating system and adopts Matlab language (version 7.0) exploitation, operates in the processor of Acoustic radiating instrument.The present invention adopts digitized technological means to carrying out the qualitative assessment of deformation faulted condition at labour AZ31 magnesium alloy structural part, thereby realizes giving warning in advance to large-scale bank crane tool dangerous situation.
The technological means that the below adopts the unit in deformation faulted condition sign of the present invention and the quantitative evaluating system respectively, the function of realization are elaborated:
(1) the original waveform signal extraction unit 1
In the present invention, original waveform signal extraction unit 1 first aspect is used for receiving the heat transfer agent S of the deformation faulted condition that a plurality of acoustic emission transducers (also claiming sensor) export respectively
n, the multichannel heat transfer agent S of second aspect to receiving
nAfter carrying out analog to digital conversion, extract the acoustic emission waveform information f under every kind of faulted condition
0(T), the third aspect is with the acoustic emission waveform information f
0(T) export to deformation faulted condition matrix analysis unit 2.In the present invention, multi-Channel Acoustic information S
nBe characterized by a voltage signal and export to the processing that original waveform signal extraction unit 1 is correlated with.Described acoustic emission waveform information f
0(T) include the acoustic emission signal amplitude
And acoustic emission energy
Described acoustic emission waveform information f
0(T) include many information such as amplitude in the acoustic emission signal waveform, frequency, phase place in, the concrete form of acoustic emission waveform information as shown in Figure 3.Be the voltage data point of a sensor output of per 0.0000005 second record shown in the figure, then plot this oscillogram.The acoustical vibration of receiving for multiple sensor is converted into voltage signal, and what difference is the different vibration sound source of finding out that can not be quantitative have, so the present invention adopts the double-spectrum analysis method to come signal source is carried out quantization signifying.
At 1 pair of multichannel heat transfer agent of original waveform signal extraction unit S
nExtract the acoustic emission waveform information f that obtains under every kind of deformation faulted condition
0(T) pass of institute's foundation is
In the formula, A represents heat transfer agent S
nAcoustic emission amplitude parameter, A
MinExpression heat transfer agent S
nAcoustic emission amplitude parameter in minimum value, A
MaxExpression heat transfer agent S
nAcoustic emission amplitude parameter in maximal value, E represents heat transfer agent S
nThe acoustic emission energy parameter, E
MinExpression heat transfer agent S
nThe acoustic emission energy parameter in minimum value, E
MaxExpression heat transfer agent S
nThe acoustic emission energy parameter in maximal value.
(2) deformation faulted condition matrix analysis unit 2
In the present invention, deformation faulted condition matrix analysis unit (2) are comprised of deformation faulted condition amplitude analysis module 21 and deformation faulted condition power spectrumanalysis module 22;
Wherein deformation faulted condition power spectrumanalysis module 22 is comprised of deformation damage signal time-frequency modular converter 22A and deformation damage signal power spectrum center of gravity calculation module 22B;
Deformation faulted condition amplitude analysis module 21 concerns A=20logV according to voltage magnitude
Max-40 pairs of acoustic emission waveform information f
0(T) process, obtain the deformation faulted condition signal amplitude dB of A(unit); V
MaxExpression acoustic emission waveform information f
0(T) voltage max in (mV), 40 the dB of unit.
Deformation damage signal time-frequency modular converter 22A adopts Fourier pair acoustic emission waveform information f
0(T) process, obtain the power spectrum information ω (F) of spectrum estimation; This power spectrum information ω (F) adopts coordinates table to be shown as shown in Figure 4, and the coordinate longitudinal axis is normalized energy value ω, and transverse axis is frequency F, unit (kHz).As can be seen from Figure 4 the Fourier transform of signal by mathematicization is converted into frequency domain, can quantitative test goes out the difference of the acoustic emission vibration source that the different frequency zone collects.
Deformation damage signal power spectrum center of gravity calculation module 22B concerns according to the power spectrum center of gravity the power spectrum information ω (F) that receives
Process, obtain deformation damage signal power spectrum center of gravity F
PSCThe gravity frequency of power spectrum is as deformation faulted condition center of gravity of frequency, and unit is kHz.f
1The minimum frequency of expression power spectrum scope, f
2The maximum frequency of expression power spectrum scope, F represents frequency,
The product of expression power spectrum information and frequency carries out integration to frequency,
Expression power spectrum information is carried out integration to frequency.
In the present invention, by deformation damage signal amplitude A and deformation damage signal power spectrum center of gravity F
PSCJointly consisted of the deformation faulted condition matrix K of reflection AZ31 structural member deformation faulted condition=[A, F
PSC], then with deformation faulted condition matrix K=[A, F
PSC] pass to deformation damage grade evaluation unit 3.
(3) deformation damage grade evaluation unit 3
In the present invention, this deformation damage grade evaluation unit 3 is according to the deformation faulted condition matrix K that receives=[A, F
PSC], and it is made evaluation: varying in size according to the extent of injury of deformation faulted condition is divided into several grades with the deformation faulted condition, as deformation faulted condition matrix K=[A, F
PSC] middle A ∈ A
i, F
PSC∈ F
i, then be assessed as deformation impairment scale C (K)=i.
Wherein, C (K) is deformation impairment scale information, and i is the deformation impairment scale, and namely the deformation impairment scale of this deformation faulted condition is the i level;
A
iBe the special deformation faulted condition signal amplitude of i level deformation damage, namely during deformation impairment scale C (K)=i, A ∈ A arranged
i
F
iBe the special deformation faulted condition power spectrum gravity frequency of i level deformation damage, namely during deformation impairment scale C (K)=i, F arranged
PSC∈ F
i
As deformation faulted condition matrix K=[A, F
PSC] do not satisfy ranking condition A ∈ A
i, F
PSC∈ F
iThe time, rejected as the open country value.
This deformation impairment scale information C (K) starts prewarning unit 4 as early warning information and carries out early warning.
The deformation impairment scale criteria for classifying example that the deformation loss on transmission of AZ31 magnesium alloy structural part is hindered state can be joined and is shown in Table 1, and all information in this table 1 are stored in the main frame of Acoustic radiating instrument.
Table 1 deformation impairment scale criteria for classifying example
(4) prewarning unit 4
This prewarning unit 4 adopts the prompt tone warning output such as forms such as loudspeaker, loudspeakers.
In the present invention, after prewarning unit 4 receives the warning enabling signal, trigger starting switch output prompt tone.This prompt tone can be as loudspeaker, loudspeaker etc. send such as musical sound.
Embodiment 1:Certain automotive hub is carried out acoustic emission detection
The used AZ31 magnesium alloy composition of wheel hub sees Table 2:
Table 2AZ31 magnesium alloy component content
Detection has with equipment: (A) 6 R15 type calibrate AE sensors, response frequency 100～400kHz, centre frequency 150kHz.
(B) Acoustic radiating instrument is U.S. PAC company full digital 16 passage DiSP acoustic emission systems.Threshold value 30dB when Acoustic radiating instrument detects, acoustic emission peak value definition time PDT is 300 μ s, and acoustic emission bump limiting time HDT is 600 μ s, and acoustic emission bump blocking time HLT is 1000 μ s.
In the wheel hub stretching static load process of AZ31 magnesium alloy, at first acoustic emission waveform information is collected, and by the present invention the deformation faulted condition is made an appraisal.The part AZ31 magnesium alloy deformation faulted condition qualitative assessment of randomly drawing the results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 part AZ31 magnesium alloy hub deformation faulted condition qualitative assessment result
Can find out the deformation faulted condition matrix of selected acoustic emission waveform information deformation damage signal amplitude from the assessment result of table 3〉60dB, deformation damage signal center of gravity of frequency〉about 150kHz, the deformation impairment scale is 1.Illustrate that wheel hub also uses in safe range, the deformation degree of injury is little, and is dangerous low, need not to report to the police.
The present invention has set up the system that the AZ31 structural member is carried out deformation faulted condition qualitative assessment based on spectrum analysis, by acoustic emission to monitoring at labour AZ31 structural member, obtain the deformation faulted condition information that acoustic emission signal represents, and adopt frequency spectrum analysis method that its deformation faulted condition is carried out qualitative assessment, and evaluation deformation impairment scale.Using the present invention can carry out directly perceived, quantitative, real-time assessment judgement to AZ31 structural member deformation faulted condition, thereby makes early warning, reduces the losses such as equipment and casualties.
Claims (2)
1. the AZ31 magnesium alloy deformation faulted condition based on the power spectrum center of gravity characterizes and quantitative evaluating system, and it is characterized in that: this system is comprised of original waveform signal extraction unit (1), deformation faulted condition matrix analysis unit (2), deformation damage grade evaluation unit (3) and prewarning unit (4);
Wherein, deformation faulted condition matrix analysis unit (2) are comprised of deformation faulted condition amplitude analysis module (21) and deformation faulted condition power spectrumanalysis module (22); Described deformation faulted condition power spectrumanalysis module (22) is comprised of deformation damage signal time-frequency modular converter (22A) and deformation damage signal power spectrum center of gravity calculation module (22B);
The multichannel heat transfer agent S of original waveform signal extraction unit (1) to receiving
nCarry out exporting the acoustic emission waveform information f after the analog to digital conversion
0(T);
Deformation faulted condition amplitude analysis module (21) concerns A=20logV according to voltage magnitude
Max-40 pairs of acoustic emission waveform information f
0(T) process, obtain deformation faulted condition signal amplitude A; Deformation damage signal time-frequency modular converter (22A) adopts Fourier pair acoustic emission waveform information f
0(T) process, obtain the power spectrum information ω F of spectrum estimation); Deformation damage signal power spectrum center of gravity calculation module (22B) concerns according to the power spectrum center of gravity the power spectrum information ω (F) that receives
Process, obtain deformation damage signal power spectrum center of gravity F
PSCBy deformation damage signal amplitude A and deformation damage signal power spectrum center of gravity F
PSCJointly consisted of the deformation faulted condition matrix K of reflection AZ31 structural member deformation faulted condition=[A, F
PSC], then with deformation faulted condition matrix K=[A, F
PSC] pass to deformation damage grade evaluation unit (3);
Deformation damage grade evaluation unit (3) is to K=[A, F
PSC] carry out the deformation Damage condition evaluation;
After prewarning unit (4) receives the warning enabling signal, trigger starting switch output prompt tone.
2. the AZ31 magnesium alloy deformation faulted condition based on the power spectrum center of gravity according to claim 1 characterizes and quantitative evaluating system, it is characterized in that: as deformation faulted condition matrix K=[A, F
PSC] middle A ∈ A
i, F
PSC∈ F
i, then be assessed as deformation impairment scale C (K)=i;
Wherein, C (K) is deformation impairment scale information, and i is the deformation impairment scale, and namely the deformation impairment scale of this deformation faulted condition is the i level;
A
iBe the special deformation faulted condition signal amplitude of i level deformation damage, namely during deformation impairment scale C (K)=i, A ∈ A arranged
i
F
iBe the special deformation faulted condition power spectrum gravity frequency of i level deformation damage, namely during deformation impairment scale C (K)=i, F arranged
PSC∈ F
i
As deformation faulted condition matrix K=[A, F
PSC] do not satisfy ranking condition A ∈ A
i, F
PSC∈ F
iThe time, rejected as the open country value.
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| CN104409081A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-03-11 | 广州酷狗计算机科技有限公司 | Speech signal processing method and device |
| CN109085250A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2018-12-25 | 山东建筑大学 | A kind of sound emission construction damage positioning method based on barycentric coodinates |
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