CN102888479A - Automatic control system for changing combustion rhythm of hot blast stove along with blast temperature change of blast furnace - Google Patents
Automatic control system for changing combustion rhythm of hot blast stove along with blast temperature change of blast furnace Download PDFInfo
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- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 24
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 20
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- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013473 artificial intelligence Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
An automatic control system for changing the combustion rhythm of a hot blast stove along with the change of blast furnace air temperature belongs to the technical field of automatic control of blast furnace hot blast stoves. The system consists of four parts, namely an air part, a gas regulating valve, a PLC (programmable logic controller), an industrial personal computer and intelligent control software. The air and gas regulating valve is used for controlling the flow of air or gas; the PLC is used for collecting gas, air pressure and flow information, realizing logic linkage and protection and outputting a given valve position to control the action of the regulating valve; the industrial personal computer is used as a hardware carrier of intelligent control software, collects gas pressure, air pressure, gas flow, air flow, gas regulating valve signals and air regulating valve signals from the PLC, calculates proper valve positions through the intelligent control software, and issues the valve positions to the PLC. The automatic control system has the advantage of solving the problems of automatic combustion of the hot blast stove and dynamic control of combustion rhythm of the hot blast stove.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to blast funnace hot blast stove automatic control technology field, particularly a kind of operation changes and the automatic control system of change Combustion of Hot Air Furnace rhythm based on blast furnace air temperature.
Background technology
Hotblast stove is the important component part of blast-furnace smelting system, and it is bearing the vital task that hot blast is provided for blast furnace.Because the complicacy of combustion processes and the limitation of processing unit, hotblast stove automatic combustion become the focus of people's research always.Especially after mathematical model and artificial intelligence theory are used widely, the hotblast stove automatic combustion successively occurred based on optimal air-fuel ratio Fuzzy control system, based on the Self-organized Fuzzy Control System of the combustion control system of expert systems, waste gas remaining oxygen, based on a kind of hotblast stove coordinated control system of case library.All these researchs are only for hotblast stove automatic combustion process, yet the variation of blast furnace air temperature has proposed Secretary to hotblast stove control target again, although hotblast stove and blast furnace are two relatively independent process systems, because the relation of wind-warm syndrome demand, so that blast furnace and hotblast stove link together again closely, the quality of Combustion of Hot Air Furnace process determines that directly it is the air supply ability of blast furnace, and the variation of conditions of blast furnace forces the dynamic adjustment to wind-warm syndrome.How with the wind-warm syndrome regulate process of blast furnace, in time, pass to dynamically, automatically hotblast stove, make the automatic combustion rhythm of hotblast stove follow the variation of blast furnace, a kind of automatic control system that changes Combustion of Hot Air Furnace rhythm that changes with blast furnace air temperature that the present invention that Here it is inquires into.
This system need to solve the problem of two aspects, and 1, the problem of hotblast stove automatic combustion; 2, the problem of the dynamic control of Combustion of Hot Air Furnace rhythm.Realize by fuzzy control theory, expert knowledge library and expert reasoning, the excellent method of automatic seeking.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly change the automatic control system changes Combustion of Hot Air Furnace rhythm with blast furnace air temperature, make the burning rhythm of hotblast stove in time follow dynamically the variation of blast furnace air temperature, the overall efficiency of raising blast furnace and hotblast stove.
The present invention is from solving the automatic control of combustion processes, and the dynamic change of the rhythm that burns realizes that nobody starts with in intervention, the method that adopts expert systems and fuzzy control to combine, the full automatic control of realization Combustion of Hot Air Furnace process.
The present invention can be applicable to blast furnace internal combustion type or top combustion stove, formed by air, gas regulator and trip valve, PLC controller, industrial computer and intelligent control software four parts, its annexation such as Fig. 5, intelligent control software is installed in the industrial computer, industrial computer links to each other with the PLC controller by Ethernet or industrial-controlled general line, and the PLC controller links to each other with air, gas regulator and trip valve by signal wire.The effect of air, gas regulator is the flow of control air or coal gas; The effect of PLC controller is to collect coal gas, air pressure and flow information, realizes the functions such as the chain and protection of logic, exports simultaneously the action that given valve position is come the regulating and controlling valve; Industrial computer is as the hardware carrier of intelligent control software, from the PLC controller, gather gas pressure, air pressure, gas flow, air flow quantity and gas regulator signal, artificial atmosphere valve signal, calculate suitable valve position by intelligent control software, be issued in the PLC controller.Intelligent control software is core of the present invention, carrying in the situation that externally condition (blast furnace air temperature, caloric power of gas etc.) changes, realize the automatic control of combustion processes, control the aperture of air and gas regulator by expert knowledge library and fuzzy control strategy, the burning rhythm that reaches hotblast stove is followed the purpose that blast furnace air temperature changes.Intelligent control software mainly comprises data communication, user interface and control strategy three parts, and data communication is finished from PLC data gathering and control signal is issued to the task of PLC; User interface realizes the purpose of human-computer interaction, finishes parameter modification and Real Time Monitoring; The control strategy completion system provides the purpose of different operational orders under different conditions, mainly comprise determining and two stages of trouble-free burning process control of the front optimum gas parameter of burning.
The burning before optimum gas parameter determine may further comprise the steps:
(1) blast furnace air temperature monitoring and processing: blast furnace air temperature is carried out in real time, dynamically monitors, according to its changing conditions, effectively quantize and Fuzzy processing, the decision-making foundation of science is provided for expert knowledge library.
(2) expert knowledge library is set up: change according to the wind-warm syndrome after quantizing, utilize expert knowledge library, the optimum parameter of control Combustion of Hot Air Furnace rhythm is provided, comprise combustion time, air-supply time, flue temperature, dome temperature;
According to expertise and Fuzzy processing, blast furnace wind-warm syndrome commonly used is divided into several class;
According to the wind-warm syndrome of different class, calculate respectively flue temperature, dome temperature, combustion time, air-supply time;
Set up the expert knowledge library of wind-warm syndrome, combustion time, air-supply time, flue temperature, dome temperature;
The changing conditions of the on-the-spot wind-warm syndrome of Real-Time Monitoring, through after the Fuzzy processing, by expert knowledge library can controlled burning rhythm Reasonable Parameters.
(3) according to air-fuel ratio, gas flow and the air flow quantity of historical data Automatic-searching the best, as the initial set value of hotblast stove automatic combustion;
The trouble-free burning process control stage comprises following steps:
(4) the initial valve position of ignition process variable valve determines, the initial valve position of variable valve excessive or too small all being unfavorable for lights a fire successfully, the variation of system's real-time follow-up flow and valve position, the initial valve position of variable valve with reference to (3) acquisition, dynamically obtain the reasonably initial valve position of igniting variable valve according to expertise, do not occur carrying out ignition operation in the unusual situation at safety monitoring module;
The igniting valve position dynamically obtains according to expertise with reference to the initial valve position of variable valve that (3) obtain, and reaches the smooth simultaneously smooth transition of igniting to the purpose of hotblast stove initial combustion state.
In the ignition process, the variation of the actual act of each valve and coal gas, air flow quantity is the emphasis that we monitor, developed special igniting safety monitoring and the sequence of control of a cover, be solidificated in the PLC controller, according to the principle of driving first turn on the gas variable valve behind the air control valve, if air control valve breaks down, do not reach the position of appointment with regard to the turn on the gas variable valve, gas explosion may occur, therefore safety monitoring and sequence of control will the automatic alarm prompting users and are cut off gas regulator, prevent the generation of mishap.
After lighting a fire successfully, be transitioned into the initial valve position of variable valve that obtains by (3), begin to enter the automatic combustion stage that hotblast stove is rapidly heated;
(5) the hotblast stove control parameter of determining according to expert knowledge library after lighting a fire is successfully carried out automatic combustion, wait for that burning enters steady state, system selects dome temperature as the foundation of optimizing air-fuel ratio, according to the actual change situation of dome temperature, starts optimizing air-fuel ratio process;
(6) after combustion processes enters steady state, blast furnace air temperature does not have under the vicissitudinous condition, system begins the control of Combustion of Hot Air Furnace rhythm, adopt the method for fuzzy control, according to the target spent air temperture and current spent air temperture is poor and the afterburning time is calculated the target control speed of hotblast stove and the standard speed control of initial calculation compares, revise fast fuel feed according to comparative result and come control combustion rhythm;
According to flue temperature, combustion time, the Combustion of Hot Air Furnace characteristic is divided into three phases with the Combustion of Hot Air Furnace process, is respectively the phase of being rapidly heated, stable burning phase and the period of saturation;
According to the characteristic of three phases, distribute the combustion parameter of three phases, calculate simultaneously the targeted rate in each stage, as the standard of control combustion rhythm;
According to the difference of current flue temperature and phase targets flue temperature and finish the afterburning time apart from the stage and calculate the rate of combustion of needs control;
According to the rate of combustion comparative result of phase targets speed and actual needs control, revise fast fuel feed, control combustion rhythm;
(7) under the condition that blast furnace air temperature changes, start blast furnace air temperature monitoring and processing module, come control combustion rhythm by the expert decision-making process;
When wind-warm syndrome changes, start wind-warm syndrome monitoring and treating processes, form the needed condition of expert knowledge library;
Search expert knowledge library, obtain burning rhythm control significant parameter, combustion time and flue temperature;
Obtain this combustion time, determine the residing stage of current burning;
Obtaining on the basis of above-mentioned parameter, by the expert decision-making process, take corresponding control strategy.
(8) safety monitoring of combustion processes and control, in the situation of equipment failure or misoperation, cause the air-fuel ratio imbalance, the danger that has blast or equipment to burn out, so in the hotblast stove automatic combustion system, safety monitoring and control are extremely important, and its measure mainly is monitoring gas pressure, flow, air pressure flow, air-fuel ratio, valve position etc., in case occur unusually taking to report to the police or stop the measure such as burning;
(9) unusual control module: a lot of unusual phenomenoies can occur in the automatic combustion process, must have more complete unusual control module that automatic combustion is normally carried out.
Control valve position occurs be in limit position, and actual flow is not when still reaching set(ting)value, and system converts flow again according to the sky combustion proportioning of standard automatically, guarantees that combustion processes is stable, after error state (ERST) is eliminated, then automatically recover normal state of combustion;
When dome temperature exceeds set(ting)value, start the warm defence program in top, prevent the too high and damage equipment of top temperature;
(10) when system need to finish the hand automatic switchover, by the hand automatic control program, realize that undisturbed switches.
The invention has the advantages that, solved the problem of hotblast stove automatic combustion and the problem that Combustion of Hot Air Furnace rhythm is dynamically controlled.Realize by fuzzy control theory, expert knowledge library and expert reasoning, the excellent method of automatic seeking.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing implementation of the present invention is described further.
Fig. 1 is the functional module graph of a relation of implementation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the overview flow chart of the input combustion processes of implementation of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the control flow chart of the best proportioning of optimizing of implementation of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the control flow chart of the burning rhythm of implementation of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is system's control flow chart of implementation of the present invention.
Embodiment
A kind of Controlling System that changes Combustion of Hot Air Furnace rhythm based on blast furnace air temperature operation variation that the present invention proposes has been used expert systems and fuzzy control theory, and is as follows with example in detail by reference to the accompanying drawings:
The significant parameter of the blast funnace hot blast stove that present embodiment is selected is:
Furnace volume: 5500m
3
Hotblast stove number: 4
Combustion system: two burn two send
Hotblast stove type: top ignition
Fuel type: blast furnace gas
Combustion period: 120 min
The maximum of spent air temperture: 450 ℃
This system can be divided into definite stage and two stages of trouble-free burning process control stage of the front optimum gas parameter of burning.The schema of overall control as shown in Figure 1.
(1) blast furnace air temperature monitoring and processing: blast furnace air temperature is carried out in real time, dynamically monitors, according to its changing conditions, effectively quantize and Fuzzy processing, the decision-making foundation of science is provided for expert knowledge library.
(2) expert knowledge library is set up: change according to the wind-warm syndrome after quantizing, utilize expert knowledge library, the optimum parameter of control Combustion of Hot Air Furnace rhythm is provided, comprise combustion time, air-supply time, flue temperature, dome temperature;
According to expertise and Fuzzy processing, blast furnace wind-warm syndrome commonly used is divided into several class;
According to the wind-warm syndrome of different class, calculate respectively dome temperature, combustion time, air-supply time;
Set up the expert knowledge library of wind-warm syndrome, combustion time, air-supply time, flue temperature, dome temperature;
The changing conditions of the on-the-spot wind-warm syndrome of Real-Time Monitoring, through after the Fuzzy processing, by expert knowledge library can controlled burning rhythm Reasonable Parameters.
(3) according to air-fuel ratio, gas flow and the air flow quantity of historical data Automatic-searching the best, as the initial set value of hotblast stove automatic combustion;
The trouble-free burning process control stage comprises following steps:
(4) the initial valve position of ignition process variable valve determines, the initial valve position of variable valve excessive or too small all being unfavorable for lights a fire successfully, the variation of system's real-time follow-up flow and valve position, the initial valve position of variable valve with reference to (3) acquisition, dynamically obtain the reasonably initial valve position of igniting variable valve according to expertise, do not occur carrying out ignition operation in the unusual situation at safety monitoring module;
The igniting valve position dynamically obtains according to expertise with reference to the initial valve position of variable valve that (3) obtain, and reaches the smooth simultaneously smooth transition of igniting to the purpose of hotblast stove initial combustion state.
In the ignition process, the variation of the actual act of each valve and coal gas, air flow quantity is the emphasis that we monitor, and has developed special igniting safety monitoring and the sequence of control of a cover, prevents the generation of mishap.
After lighting a fire successfully, be transitioned into the initial valve position of variable valve that obtains by (3), begin to enter the automatic combustion stage that hotblast stove is rapidly heated;
(5) the hotblast stove control parameter of determining according to expert knowledge library after lighting a fire is successfully carried out automatic combustion, wait for that burning enters steady state, system selects dome temperature as the foundation of optimizing air-fuel ratio, according to the actual change situation of dome temperature, starts optimizing air-fuel ratio process;
(6) after combustion processes enters steady state, blast furnace air temperature does not have under the vicissitudinous condition, system begins the control of Combustion of Hot Air Furnace rhythm, adopt the method for fuzzy control, according to the target spent air temperture and current spent air temperture is poor and the afterburning time is calculated the target control speed of hotblast stove and the standard speed control of initial calculation compares, revise fast fuel feed according to comparative result and come control combustion rhythm;
According to flue temperature, combustion time, the Combustion of Hot Air Furnace characteristic is divided into three phases with the Combustion of Hot Air Furnace process, is respectively the phase of being rapidly heated, stable burning phase and the period of saturation;
According to the characteristic of three phases, distribute the combustion parameter of three phases, calculate simultaneously the targeted rate in each stage, as the standard of control combustion rhythm;
According to the difference of current flue temperature and phase targets flue temperature and finish the afterburning time apart from the stage and calculate the rate of combustion of needs control;
According to the rate of combustion comparative result of phase targets speed and actual needs control, revise fast fuel feed, control combustion rhythm;
(7) under the condition that blast furnace air temperature changes, start blast furnace air temperature monitoring and processing module, come control combustion rhythm by the expert decision-making process;
When wind-warm syndrome changes, start wind-warm syndrome monitoring and treating processes, form the needed condition of expert knowledge library;
Search expert knowledge library, obtain burning rhythm control significant parameter, combustion time and flue temperature;
Obtain this combustion time, determine the residing stage of current burning;
Obtaining on the basis of above-mentioned parameter, by the expert decision-making process, take corresponding control strategy.
(8) safety monitoring of combustion processes and control, in the situation of equipment failure or misoperation, cause the air-fuel ratio imbalance, the danger that has blast or equipment to burn out, so in the hotblast stove automatic combustion system, safety monitoring and control are extremely important, and its measure mainly is monitoring gas pressure, flow, air pressure flow, air-fuel ratio, valve position etc., in case occur unusually taking to report to the police or stop the measure such as burning;
(9) unusual control module: a lot of unusual phenomenoies can occur in the automatic combustion process, must have more complete unusual control module that automatic combustion is normally carried out.
Control valve position occurs be in limit position, and actual flow is not when still reaching set(ting)value, and system converts flow again according to the sky combustion proportioning of standard automatically, guarantees that combustion processes is stable, after error state (ERST) is eliminated, then automatically recover normal state of combustion;
When dome temperature exceeds set(ting)value, start the warm defence program in top, prevent the too high and damage equipment of top temperature;
(10) when system need to finish the hand automatic switchover, by the hand automatic control program, realize that undisturbed switches.
Claims (2)
1. automatic control system that changes to change Combustion of Hot Air Furnace rhythm with blast furnace air temperature, be applied to blast furnace internal combustion type or top combustion stove, it is characterized in that, this system is comprised of air, gas regulator, PLC controller, industrial computer and intelligent control software four parts, intelligent control software is installed in the industrial computer, industrial computer links to each other with the PLC controller by Ethernet or industrial-controlled general line, and the PLC controller links to each other with air, gas regulator and trip valve by signal wire; The effect of air, gas regulator is the flow of control air or coal gas; The effect of PLC controller is to collect coal gas, air pressure and flow information, realizes the chain and defencive function of logic, exports simultaneously the action that given valve position is come the regulating and controlling valve; Industrial computer is as the hardware carrier of intelligent control software, from the PLC controller, gather gas pressure, air pressure, gas flow, air flow quantity and gas regulator signal, artificial atmosphere valve signal, calculate suitable valve position by intelligent control software, be issued in the PLC controller, intelligent control software is being carried in the situation that externally condition changes, realize the automatic control of combustion processes, control the aperture of air and gas regulator by expert knowledge library and fuzzy control strategy, the burning rhythm that reaches hotblast stove is followed the purpose that blast furnace air temperature changes; External conditions comprises blast furnace air temperature, caloric power of gas;
Intelligent control software comprises data communication, user interface and control strategy three parts, and data communication is finished from PLC data gathering and control signal is issued to the task of PLC; User interface realizes the purpose of human-computer interaction, finishes parameter modification and Real Time Monitoring; The control strategy completion system provides the purpose of different operational orders under different conditions, mainly comprise determining and two stages of trouble-free burning process control of the front optimum gas parameter of burning.
2. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Before the described burning optimum gas parameter determine may further comprise the steps:
(1) blast furnace air temperature monitoring and processing: blast furnace air temperature is carried out in real time, dynamically monitors, according to its changing conditions, effectively quantize and Fuzzy processing, the decision-making foundation of science is provided for expert knowledge library;
(2) expert knowledge library is set up: change according to the wind-warm syndrome after quantizing, utilize expert knowledge library, the optimum parameter of control Combustion of Hot Air Furnace rhythm is provided, comprise combustion time, air-supply time, flue temperature, dome temperature;
According to expertise and Fuzzy processing, blast furnace wind-warm syndrome commonly used is divided into several class;
According to the wind-warm syndrome of different class, calculate respectively flue temperature, dome temperature, combustion time, air-supply time;
Set up the expert knowledge library of wind-warm syndrome, combustion time, air-supply time, flue temperature, dome temperature;
The changing conditions of the on-the-spot wind-warm syndrome of Real-Time Monitoring, through after the Fuzzy processing, by expert knowledge library can controlled burning rhythm Reasonable Parameters;
(3) according to air-fuel ratio, gas flow and the air flow quantity of historical data Automatic-searching the best, as the initial set value of hotblast stove automatic combustion.
Described trouble-free burning process control comprises following steps:
(4) the initial valve position of ignition process variable valve determines, the initial valve position of variable valve excessive or too small all being unfavorable for lights a fire successfully, the variation of system's real-time follow-up flow and valve position, the initial valve position of variable valve with reference to (3) acquisition, dynamically obtain the reasonably initial valve position of igniting variable valve according to expertise, do not occur carrying out ignition operation in the unusual situation at safety monitoring module;
The igniting valve position dynamically obtains according to expertise with reference to the initial valve position of variable valve that (3) obtain, and reaches the smooth simultaneously smooth transition of igniting to the purpose of hotblast stove initial combustion state;
In the ignition process, the variation of the actual act of each valve and coal gas, air flow quantity is the emphasis that we monitor, and has developed special igniting safety monitoring and the sequence of control of a cover, is solidificated in the PLC controller, prevents the generation of mishap;
After lighting a fire successfully, be transitioned into the initial valve position of variable valve that obtains by (3), begin to enter the automatic combustion stage that hotblast stove is rapidly heated;
(5) the hotblast stove control parameter of determining according to expert knowledge library after lighting a fire is successfully carried out automatic combustion, wait for that burning enters steady state, system selects dome temperature as the foundation of optimizing air-fuel ratio, according to the actual change situation of dome temperature, starts optimizing air-fuel ratio process;
(6) after combustion processes enters steady state, blast furnace air temperature does not have under the vicissitudinous condition, system begins the control of Combustion of Hot Air Furnace rhythm, adopt the method for fuzzy control, according to the target spent air temperture and current spent air temperture is poor and the afterburning time is calculated the target control speed of hotblast stove and the standard speed control of initial calculation compares, revise fast fuel feed according to comparative result and come control combustion rhythm;
According to flue temperature, combustion time, the Combustion of Hot Air Furnace characteristic is divided into three phases with the Combustion of Hot Air Furnace process, is respectively the phase of being rapidly heated, stable burning phase and the period of saturation;
According to the characteristic of three phases, distribute the combustion parameter of three phases, calculate simultaneously the targeted rate in each stage, as the standard of control combustion rhythm;
According to the difference of current flue temperature and phase targets flue temperature and finish the afterburning time apart from the stage and calculate the rate of combustion of needs control;
According to the rate of combustion comparative result of phase targets speed and actual needs control, revise fast fuel feed, control combustion rhythm;
(7) under the condition that blast furnace air temperature changes, start blast furnace air temperature monitoring and processing module, come control combustion rhythm by the expert decision-making process;
When wind-warm syndrome changes, start wind-warm syndrome monitoring and treating processes, form the needed condition of expert knowledge library;
Search expert knowledge library, obtain burning rhythm control significant parameter, combustion time and flue temperature;
Obtain this combustion time, determine the residing stage of current burning;
Obtaining on the basis of above-mentioned parameter, by the expert decision-making process, take corresponding control strategy;
(8) safety monitoring of combustion processes and control, in the situation of equipment failure or misoperation, cause the air-fuel ratio imbalance, the danger that has blast or equipment to burn out, so in the hotblast stove automatic combustion system, safety monitoring and control are extremely important, and its measure is monitoring gas pressure, flow, air pressure flow, air-fuel ratio, valve position etc., in case occur unusually taking to report to the police or stop the measure such as burning;
(9) unusual control module: a lot of unusual phenomenoies can occur in the automatic combustion process, must have more complete unusual control module that automatic combustion is normally carried out;
Control valve position occurs be in limit position, and actual flow is not when still reaching set(ting)value, and system converts flow again according to the sky combustion proportioning of standard automatically, guarantees that combustion processes is stable, after error state (ERST) is eliminated, then automatically recover normal state of combustion;
When dome temperature exceeds set(ting)value, start the warm defence program in top, prevent the too high and damage equipment of top temperature;
(10) when system need to finish the hand automatic switchover, by the hand automatic control program, realize that undisturbed switches.
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| CN114675543A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-06-28 | 攀枝花学院 | Hot blast stove intelligent combustion control method based on optimized learning algorithm |
| CN115198047A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2022-10-18 | 宝信软件(南京)有限公司 | Hot blast stove combustion monitoring system and method based on big data analysis |
| CN116358170A (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2023-06-30 | 南京普兰特换热设备有限公司 | Automatic regulation and control gas hot-blast stove and gas hot-blast stove regulation and control method |
| WO2024159850A1 (en) * | 2023-02-01 | 2024-08-08 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Production control method and system for stable carbon cycle blast furnace, and electronic device and storage medium |
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