CN102886427B

CN102886427B - Integral compound bulging process for automotive driving axle

Info

Publication number: CN102886427B
Application number: CN201210357462.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐�明; 龚仕林; 刘复元; 肖大志; 周雄; 林顺洪; 陈超; 杨治明; 董季玲; 欧忠文; 胡玉梅
Original assignee: Chongqing University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Chongqing University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2012-09-24
Filing date: 2012-09-24
Publication date: 2014-10-22
Anticipated expiration: 2032-09-24
Also published as: CN102886427A

Abstract

The invention discloses an integral compound bulging process for an automotive driving axle. The process comprises the following steps of: 1) placing an opened axle housing workpiece into an external bulging mold; 2) extending the internal bulging mold into a bulged deformed area of the axle housing workpiece from an inner hole at one end of the axle housing workpiece; 3) closing the external bulging mold; 4) applying equal thrust parallel to the axial direction of the axle housing workpiece to the internal bulging mold by utilizing thrust devices at the two ends of the internal bulging mold respectively, and applying pressure perpendicular to the axial direction of the axle housing workpiece to an upper module and a lower module by utilizing a pressure generation device, wherein the thrust is decomposed into a perpendicular thrust component which acts on the upper and lower module and is perpendicular to the axial direction of the axle housing workpiece and a parallel thrust component parallel to the axial direction of the axle housing workpiece under the action of a link mechanism, bulging force on the axle housing workpiece is the resultant force of the perpendicular thrust component and the pressure, and the axle housing workpiece is bulged and deformed under the action of the bulging force; and 5) performing unloading and demolding.

Description

The whole Compound Forming of Bulging technique of automobile drive axle

Technical field

The invention belongs to Machining Technology field, concrete is the whole Compound Forming of Bulging technique of a kind of automobile drive axle.

Background technology

Auto manufacturing has very important effect in Chinese national economy, in recent years, the national economy high speed development of China, meanwhile auto industry is also flourish.Performance from vehicle complete vehicle to parts, all become the major subjects of current industrial research, and axle housing is as one of strength member of automobile, axle housing not only plays supporting role to automobile, but also is differential mechanism, main reducing gear and the shell that drives wheel drive.Automobile axle housing quality is very large on the impact of vehicle performance, and axle housing not only needs to possess enough intensity, rigidity and fatigue life, but also should be simple in structure, and cost is lower, and quality is light, is easy to dismounting and maintenance.

Automobile axle housing forming method mainly contains following several, and its pluses and minuses are as follows:

Cast shaping process

Advantage: the easy axle housing of the complex-shaped and wall unevenness of cast form, rigidity, intensity are larger;

Shortcoming: control shaping flow difficulties, easily crack, pore, and weight is large, following process is complicated, and welding sequence easily cracks, is out of shape;

The scope of application: the rear axle housing that is mainly applicable to Medium or severe type truck is produced.

Punching press-welding fabrication technique

Advantage: good manufacturability, percent defective is lower, and reliability is high, easily manufactures, and allowance is little, and quality is light, and precision is high, and price is lower, and product remodeling is convenient, easily realizes the production automation;

Shortcoming: operation is various, the axle housing that is only applicable to simple geometry is produced, and the axle housing intensity that production obtains is lower, and cost is large; Also have welding requirements in addition highly, difficult quality guarantee, easily cracks, the defect of distortion, small opening, and weld zone easy territory fatigue fracture;

The scope of application: the scope of application is wider, is generally used for Light-duty Vehicle, agricultural vehicle.

Expansion is shaped

Advantage: expanding and shaping technique is the derivation of punching press-welding fabrication technique, but its workload minimizing, working (machining) efficiency is high, good airproof performance, the Rigidity and strength of the axle housing obtaining is high, lightweight;

Shortcoming: the place of longitudinally cracking easily produces transversal crack, and Chinese lute bag place flange width is inhomogeneous, and side creases easily and pulls;

The scope of application: be mainly applicable to car, light, medium-duty truck.

Machinery bulging

Advantage: workload reduces, and working (machining) efficiency is high, and the back axle obtaining is lightweight, can higher, the complex-shaped axle housing of production size, and blank utilization rate and production efficiency all higher, the comprehensive mechanical property of back axle is high;

Shortcoming: bulging power is difficult to control, and bulging mechanism and process are complicated, easily crack;

The scope of application: be mainly applicable to passenger car and light medium truck.

Hydraulic expanding-forming

Advantage: stock utilization is high, operation is few, and production efficiency is high, and the axle housing strength and stiffness that obtain are high and lightweight, easily realize production mechanization and automated production;

Shortcoming: technique is still not overripened, high to the requirement of high pressure liquid potential source, easy oil leakage and contaminated environment, expend time in and fund initial stage of investment;

The scope of application: car, light-duty and medium-duty truck.

To sum up, the actual production of axle housing requires to minimize cost, and guarantees its mechanical performance, also will shorten the R&D cycle simultaneously as far as possible, and this just needs the research of new technology, new technology to promote the fast development of axle housing manufacturing process.

For the pluses and minuses of existing automobile axle housing manufacturing process, and in conjunction with China's practical application present situation, the processing and forming technology of existing automobile drive axle rear axle housing mainly contains subject matter and deficiency:

1, the axle housing manufacturing process of China's practical application major part is cast shaping process and punching press-welding fabrication technique, and other forming method is due to technology, economic dispatch reason, applies lessly, or is in the development test stage;

2, the bulging power of mechanical bulging is difficult to control, and bulging mechanism and process are complicated, easily crack, but blank utilization rate, production efficiency, comprehensive mechanical property is high;

3, hydraulic bulging process is still not overripened, high to the requirement of high pressure liquid potential source, easy oil leakage and contaminated environment, and the initial stage expends time in and fund, but the axle housing strength and stiffness that obtain are high, lightweight, easily realize production mechanization and automation.

In view of this, the present invention is intended to explore the whole Compound Forming of Bulging technique of a kind of automobile drive axle, the whole Compound Forming of Bulging technique of this automobile drive axle not only can realize the bulging of automobile drive axle and produce, and can control preferably the overall process of the continuous bulging of automobile drive axle, the vehicle driving axle housing wall thickness obtaining evenly, dimensional accuracy is higher, weight is less, strength and stiffness are all higher, and there is good fatigue life, can effectively guarantee automobile drive axle assembling, instructions for use.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to propose the whole Compound Forming of Bulging technique of a kind of automobile drive axle, the whole Compound Forming of Bulging technique of this automobile drive axle can be controlled the overall process of the continuous bulging of automobile drive axle preferably, can meet the requirement that bulging is produced automobile drive axle.

Realize above-mentioned technical purpose, the whole Compound Forming of Bulging technique of automobile drive axle of the present invention, comprises the steps:

1. the whole Compound Forming of Bulging technique of automobile drive axle, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:

1) the axle housing workpiece after opening is put into bulging external mold;

2) bulging internal mold is extend into the bulging deformed area of axle housing workpiece from one end endoporus of axle housing workpiece;

3) bulging external mold matched moulds, and the supporting mechanism of bulging external mold is pressed on the bulging deformed area and the transition face between non-deformation zone of bridge casing lute bag;

4) utilize the thrust device that is positioned at bulging internal mold two ends to bulging internal mold, to apply the thrust that equates and be parallel to axle housing workpiece axial direction respectively; Utilize pressure-generating device to apply the pressure perpendicular to axle housing workpiece axial direction to upper module and lower module; Described thrust is decomposed into and acts on upper module with on lower module and perpendicular to the thrust vertical stress component and the parallel component of thrust that is parallel to axle housing workpiece axial direction of axle housing workpiece axial direction under the effect of linkage, the bulging power that described axle housing workpiece is subject to is making a concerted effort of described thrust vertical stress component and pressure, and described axle housing workpiece is bulging distortion under the effect of bulging power;

5) unloading, moves back mould.

Further, axle housing workpiece after bulging has been out of shape, pressurize 15～40 seconds.

Further, the wall thickness of described axle housing workpiece is 1.5-40mm.

Further, described axle housing workpiece adopts heat expansion deformation mode, and the described the 1st) in step, axle housing workpiece, before putting into bulging external mold, is heated to 200-600 ℃.

Further, described axle housing workpiece is local heat, and the region of heating is the bulging deformed area of axle housing workpiece.

Further, described axle housing workpiece bulging distortion at normal temperatures.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is:

The whole Compound Forming of Bulging technique of automobile drive axle of the present invention is by adopting thrust device to apply in opposite directions to bulging internal mold two ends respectively and equal and opposite in direction be parallel to the thrust of axle housing workpiece axial direction, thrust acts on upper module and lower module by linkage, and is broken down into and acts on upper module and the thrust vertical stress component perpendicular to axle housing workpiece axial direction and the parallel component of the thrust that is parallel to axle housing workpiece on lower module; The pressure that thrust vertical stress component and pressure-generating device act on upper module and lower module pushes upper module and lower module jointly, the stress intensity that axle housing workpiece is subject to is greater than its yield strength, and bulging distortion occurs axle housing workpiece under the squeezing action of upper module and lower module; The whole Compound Forming of Bulging technique of automobile drive axle of the present invention mainly contains following two kinds of bulging modes of texturing:

1) inner high voltage formula bulging mode of texturing: the pressure that pressure-generating device applies perpendicular to axle housing workpiece axial direction to upper module and lower module is the required main bulging power of axle housing workpiece bulging, the thrust that thrust device produces bulging internal mold is as auxiliary bulging power, take pressure under the effect of main bulging power, the distortion of axle housing workpiece generation bulging; Under the effect of the parallel component of thrust, can prevent the occurrence positions skew in Bulging Process of upper module and lower module, the quality of the bridge casing lute bag obtaining after assurance bulging;

2) thrust type bulging mode of texturing: the thrust that thrust device applies to bulging internal mold is that axle housing workpiece bulging is out of shape required main bulging power, and pressure-generating device acts on the auxiliary bulging power that the pressure on upper module and lower module opens when bulging starts mainly as auxiliary connecting rod mechanism, linkage opens and can increase thrust vertical stress component; Take the axle housing workpiece generation bulging distortion under the effect of main bulging power of thrust vertical stress component, realize bulging; Under the effect of the parallel component of thrust, can prevent the occurrence positions skew in Bulging Process of upper module and lower module, the quality of the bridge casing lute bag obtaining after assurance bulging;

To sum up, the whole Compound Forming of Bulging technique of automobile drive axle of the present invention, by thrust and pressure, can be controlled the whole process of axle housing workpiece bulging distortion, can meet the requirement that bulging is produced automobile drive axle.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of automobile drive axle the first embodiment after workpiece bulging has been out of shape that is applicable to the whole Compound Forming of Bulging technique of automobile drive axle of the present invention, shows as mechanical push rods formula bulging mode;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of the present embodiment automobile drive axle before the distortion of workpiece bulging;

Fig. 3 is the present embodiment bulging internal model structure schematic diagram;

Fig. 4 is the present embodiment multistage hydraulic cylinder example structure schematic diagram;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of automobile drive axle the second embodiment after workpiece bulging has been out of shape that is applicable to the whole Compound Forming of Bulging technique of automobile drive axle of the present invention, shows as spiral thrust formula bulging mode;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of the present embodiment automobile drive axle before the distortion of workpiece bulging;

Fig. 7 is the Changing Pattern figure of the bulging power in axle housing workpiece bulging deformation process while adopting thrust type bulging mode of texturing;

Fig. 8 is the Changing Pattern figure of the auxiliary hydraulic pressure power in axle housing workpiece bulging deformation process while adopting thrust type bulging mode of texturing;

Fig. 9 is the Changing Pattern figure of the bulging thrust vertical stress component in axle housing workpiece bulging deformation process while adopting thrust type bulging mode of texturing;

Figure 10 is the structural representation of whole Compound Forming of Bulging device the 3rd embodiment of automobile drive axle after workpiece bulging has been out of shape that is applicable to the whole Compound Forming of Bulging technique of automobile drive axle of the present invention, shows as inner high voltage formula bulging mode;

Figure 11 is the structural representation of the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of the present embodiment automobile drive axle before the distortion of workpiece bulging;

Figure 12 is the present embodiment bulging internal model structure schematic diagram;

Figure 13 is the structural representation of whole Compound Forming of Bulging device the 4th embodiment of automobile drive axle after workpiece bulging has been out of shape that is applicable to the whole Compound Forming of Bulging technique of automobile drive axle of the present invention, shows as inner high voltage flow-type bulging mode;

Figure 14 is the structural representation of the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of the present embodiment automobile drive axle before the distortion of workpiece bulging;

Figure 15 is the structural representation of the multistage hydraulic cylinder embodiment of the present embodiment;

Figure 16 is the Changing Pattern figure of the bulging power in axle housing workpiece bulging deformation process while adopting inner high voltage formula bulging mode of texturing;

Figure 17 is for adopting the Changing Pattern figure of the auxiliary hydraulic pressure power in inner high voltage formula bulging mode of texturing axle housing workpiece bulging deformation process;

Figure 18 is the Changing Pattern figure of the bulging thrust vertical stress component in axle housing workpiece bulging deformation process while adopting inner high voltage formula bulging mode of texturing.

Description of reference numerals:

1-bulging internal mold; 1a-upper module; 1b-lower module; 2-bulging external mold; 3-thrust hydraulic cylinder; 4-thrust hydraulic cylinder; 5-axle housing workpiece; 5a-bridge casing lute bag; 5b-transition face; 6-multistage hydraulic cylinder; 6a-piston rod; 6b-hydraulic cylinder body; 6c-rodless cavity; 6d-rod end chamber; 6e-classification oil pocket; 6f-hydraulic fluid port; 6g-inner baffle ring; 6h-outer baffle ring; The 6i-hydraulic fluid port that circulates; The 6j-hydraulic fluid port that circulates; 7-hinge seat; The two hinge bars of 8-; 9-support; 10-support bar; 11-supporting member; 12-hollow tube; The upper external mold of 13-; 13a-upper cavity; 13b-upper cavity supports inwall; External mold under 14-; 14a-lower mode cavity; 14b-lower mode cavity supports inwall; 17-screw rod.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is elaborated.

The first embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, for the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of automobile drive axle the first embodiment of being applicable to the whole Compound Forming of Bulging technique of automobile drive axle of the present invention structural representation after workpiece bulging has been out of shape, show as mechanical push rods formula bulging mode; Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of the present embodiment automobile drive axle before the distortion of workpiece bulging.

The whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of the automobile drive axle of the present embodiment comprises bulging internal mold 1, bulging external mold 2 and for apply the bulging power generating means of bulging power to bulging internal mold 1.Bulging internal mold 1 comprises upper module 1a and the lower module 1b coordinating with the upper and lower both sides of bridge casing lute bag 5a inwall respectively, and the two ends of upper module 1a and lower module 1b are articulated and connected by linkage respectively.

Bulging power generating means comprises pressure-generating device and thrust generating apparatus, pressure-generating device applies the pressure perpendicular to axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions between upper module 1a and lower module 1b and to upper module 1a and lower module 1b, thrust generating apparatus comprises two thrust devices that lay respectively at bulging internal mold 1 two ends, and two thrust devices apply thrust in opposite directions and that be parallel to axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions to bulging internal mold respectively.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, two thrust devices of the present embodiment are for laying respectively at bulging internal mold 1 two ends and for thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and the thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 of thrust are provided, thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 apply hydraulic thrust to the two ends of bulging internal mold respectively.The pressure-generating device of the present embodiment is to be arranged at least one between upper module 1a and lower module 1b for multistage hydraulic cylinder 6, and multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 applies the hydraulic coupling perpendicular to axle housing workpiece 5 axis directions to upper module 1a and lower module 1b.

As shown in Figure 1, the thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 of the present embodiment is positioned at the left side of bulging internal mold 1, and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is positioned at the right side of bulging internal mold 1.As shown in Figure 3, linkage comprises the hinge seat 7 being fixedly mounted on thrust hydraulic cylinder piston rod, between hinge seat 7 and upper module 1a and lower module 1b, by two hinge bars 8, be articulated and connected respectively, adopt the linkage of this structure, between two hinge bars 8 and the piston rod of thrust hydraulic cylinder, there is angle, the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 can be decomposed into the required bulging power perpendicular to axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions of upper module 1a and lower module 1b, and be accompanied by the increase of axle housing workpiece 5 bulging deflections, two hinge bars 8 of linkage and the angle between thrust hydraulic cylinder piston rod increase, can increase bulging power.

Bulging external mold 2 comprises for pushing down at the bulging deformed area of bridge casing lute bag 5a and the supporting mechanism of the transition face 5b between non-deformation zone.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the bulging external mold 2 of the present embodiment also comprises support 9, supporting mechanism comprises the support bar 10 being arranged on support 9 and is arranged on the supporting member 11 on support bar 10, the supporting member 11 of the present embodiment is set to 4, and lays respectively at the both sides up and down of the two ends transition face 5b of bridge casing lute bag 5a.It is upper that supporting member 11 is pressed in transition face 5b, by adopting the bulging external mold 2 of this structure, by supporting member 11, pushes down transition face 5b, can control bridge casing lute bag 5a at the deformed region of bulging deformation process, prevents other region deformations of workpiece.Preferably, supporting member 11 is the curved surface coordinating with transition face 5b with the contact-making surface of axle housing workpiece 5, can prevent that transition face 5b is because distortion produces fold.

The piston rod of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 arranges in opposite directions, the axis of two-piston bar is located on the same line, and the piston rod of one of them thrust hydraulic cylinder is provided with quick-detachment syndeton, the quick-detachment syndeton of the present embodiment is arranged on the piston rod of thrust hydraulic cylinder 4.By quick-detachment syndeton is set, the piston rod of thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 and bulging internal mold 1, thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 can be separated, be convenient to before bulging, bulging internal mold 1 is positioned in the endoporus of axle housing workpiece 5.

As shown in Figure 4, multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 comprises piston rod 6a and the stacked hydraulic cylinder body 6b that is set in together and is stretching structure of two-stage at least, piston rod 6a is sleeved on the hydraulic cylinder body 6b of innermost layer, between outermost hydraulic cylinder body 6b and piston rod 6a, form rodless cavity 6c, between the hydraulic cylinder body 6b of innermost layer and piston rod 6a, form rod end chamber 6d, between adjacent two-stage hydraulic cylinder body 6b, form classification oil pocket 6e, rodless cavity 6c, rod end chamber 6d are equipped with on classification oil pocket 6e the hydraulic fluid port 6f being connected with hydraulic power source.As shown in Figure 1, the multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 of the present embodiment is set to 1, and the multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 of the present embodiment comprises three grades of stacked hydraulic cylinder body 6b that are set in together and are stretching structure.

Adopt the multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 of this structure, at piston rod 6a, outwards provide in the process of hydraulic thrust, rodless cavity 6c oil-feed, rod end chamber 6d and the equal oil return of classification oil pocket 6e, can realize multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 elongations and hydraulic coupling is outwards provided; In like manner, when piston rod 6a bounces back, rodless cavity 6c oil return, rod end chamber 6d and the equal oil-feed of classification oil pocket 6e, can realize piston rod 6a retraction.

The whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of automobile drive axle of the present embodiment before use, first the quick-detachment syndeton being arranged on thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 piston rods is separated, bulging internal mold 1 is placed in axle housing workpiece 5, and then these thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 piston rods are connected by quick-detachment syndeton, carry out the preparation of axle housing workpiece 5 bulging distortion.

By the two ends of upper module 1a and lower module 1b are hinged by the piston rod of linkage and thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 respectively, thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 can synchronously provide thrust to bulging internal mold 1 opposite to each other, under the effect of linkage, the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder is decomposed into to act on upper module 1a and lower module 1b upper and perpendicular to the thrust vertical stress component and the parallel component of thrust that is parallel to axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions of axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions, under the effect vertically dividing in thrust, upper module 1a and lower module 1b separate both sides Shang Xia 5 to axle housing workpiece respectively, extruding axle housing workpiece 5, realize bulging.By bulging external mold 2 is set, can accurately control the position of axle housing workpiece 5 bulging distortion, control axle housing workpiece 5 and at transition face place, start bulging distortion, so just can realize the bulging of bridge casing lute bag 5a.

Because the diameter of bore of the axle housing workpiece 5 for the production of automobile drive axle housing is generally all less, cause the angle of piston rod axis of linkage and thrust hydraulic cylinder very little, the size of the bulging power being decomposed into by the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder is very little, and the required power of extruding axle housing workpiece 5 distortion is generally larger, iff adopting linkage to connect thrust hydraulic cylinder and bulging internal mold 1, may cause upper module 1a and lower module 1b successfully to the both sides up and down of axle housing workpiece 5, to open, cannot realize bulging, the multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 that auxiliary upper module 1a and lower module 1b open now need to be set between upper module 1a and lower module 1b.Multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 can provide upper module 1a and lower module 1b separately or the hydraulic coupling of closing up, and can also provide the mold clamping force between upper module 1a, lower module 1b and axle housing workpiece 5 inwalls simultaneously.Because the diameter of bore of the workpiece 5 that gets stuck is very little, and bridge casing lute bag 5 is larger to the distortion ratio of both sides bulging distortion, and traditional hydraulic cylinder not only cannot meet the requirement of installing and using in little space, and cannot provide and meet the required hydraulic coupling stroke of deflection.The multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 of the present embodiment, by hydraulic cylinder body 6b, be set to stacked be set in together at least two-layer mutually, not only can effectively dwindle required space is installed, and form stretching structure between hydraulic cylinder body 6b, by elongation and the shortening of hydraulic cylinder body 6b, the hydraulic coupling stroke that can effectively improve multistage hydraulic cylinder 6, can meet instructions for use.

As the above-mentioned technical solutions of this embodiment preferably, logical centre bore during the piston rod that the thrust hydraulic cylinder of quick-detachment syndeton is not set is provided with, and on the cylinder body of this thrust hydraulic cylinder with on the hinge seat 7 being connected with this thrust hydraulic cylinder, be equipped with the through hole coaxial with centre bore, in centre bore and through hole, be provided with for the hollow tube 12 of the hydraulic oil pipe between hydraulic fluid port 6f and hydraulic power source is installed.As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the centre bore of the present embodiment is arranged on the piston rod of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3, accordingly, the cylinder body of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 is provided with through hole with the hinge seat 7 being connected with thrust hydraulic cylinder 3, hollow tube 12 extends through centre bore and through hole, and the hydraulic oil pipe between hydraulic fluid port 6f and hydraulic power source is arranged in hollow tube 12.Because the internal diameter of axle housing workpiece 5 is less, in structures such as the piston rod of thrust hydraulic cylinder and linkages, occupy behind a large amount of spaces, the arrangement space of the hydraulic oil pipe between hydraulic fluid port 6f and hydraulic power source is not enough, by setting, extend through the hollow tube of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and hinge seat 7, can realize hydraulic oil pipe is arranged in hollow tube 12, and provide high pressure liquid force feed for multistage hydraulic cylinder 6.

As the above-mentioned technical solutions of this embodiment preferably, between adjacent two-stage hydraulic cylinder body 6b and between piston rod 6a and innermost layer hydraulic cylinder body 6b, the top that is positioned at outer field hydraulic cylinder body 6b is provided with the inner baffle ring 6g extending radially inwardly, the bottom that is positioned at the hydraulic cylinder body 6b/ piston rod 6a of internal layer is provided with the outer baffle ring 6h extending radially outwardly and coordinate with inner baffle ring 6g, between the periphery wall of inner baffle ring 6g and internal layer hydraulic cylinder body, be provided with hermetically-sealed construction, between outer baffle ring 6h and the internal perisporium of outer hydraulic cylinder body, be provided with hermetically-sealed construction.Adopt the multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 of this structure, between inner baffle ring 6g and outer baffle ring 6h, form position-limit mechanism, prevent from departing between adjacent two-stage hydraulic cylinder body 6b and innermost layer hydraulic cylinder body 6b and piston rod 6a.Preferably, it is upper that hydraulic fluid port 6f is arranged on inner baffle ring 6g, prevents that multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 is in telescopic process, between hydraulic cylinder body 6b and hydraulic fluid port 6f, interferes.As shown in Figure 1, the outermost layer hydraulic cylinder body 6b of multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 is fixedly mounted on lower module 1b, piston rod 6a is fixedly mounted on upper module 1a, be arranged on the bottom that hydraulic fluid port 6f on rodless cavity 6c is positioned at outermost layer hydraulic cylinder body 6b, lower module 1b is provided with the oil circuit communicating with rodless cavity 6c hydraulic fluid port 6f.

The multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 of the present embodiment is set to one, but those skilled in the art it should be known that multistage hydraulic cylinder 6, also can be arranged side by side according to actual needs as a plurality of, and its principle is identical with the multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 that is set to.

The pressure-generating device of the present embodiment is except adopting the version of multistage hydraulic cylinder 6, also can adopt other modes to realize upper module 1a and lower module 1b are applied to the mold clamping force perpendicular to axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions, as adopted the modes such as flexible member to realize at the bulging initial stage, upper module 1a and lower module 1b are separated, to increase the angle of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions.

The second embodiment

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of automobile drive axle the second embodiment after workpiece bulging has been out of shape that is applicable to the whole Compound Forming of Bulging technique of automobile drive axle of the present invention, shows as spiral thrust formula bulging mode; Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of the present embodiment automobile drive axle before the distortion of workpiece bulging.

Two thrust devices of the present embodiment are for laying respectively at bulging internal mold 1 two ends and for thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and the thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 of thrust are provided, thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 apply hydraulic thrust to the two ends of bulging internal mold respectively.The pressure-generating device of the present embodiment is to be arranged at least one between upper module 1a and lower module 1b for multistage hydraulic cylinder 6, multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 applies the hydraulic coupling perpendicular to axle housing workpiece 5 axis directions to upper module 1a and lower module 1b, the structure of the multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 of the present embodiment is identical with the structure of the multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 of the first embodiment, no longer one by one tired stating.

The linkage of the present embodiment comprises the hinge seat 7 being fixedly mounted on thrust hydraulic cylinder piston rod, between hinge seat 7 and upper module 1a and lower module 1b, by two hinge bars 8, be articulated and connected respectively, adopt the linkage of this structure, between two hinge bars 8 and the piston rod of thrust hydraulic cylinder, there is angle, the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 can be decomposed into the required bulging power perpendicular to axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions of upper module 1a and lower module 1b, and be accompanied by the increase of axle housing workpiece 5 bulging deflections, two hinge bars 8 of linkage and the angle between thrust hydraulic cylinder piston rod increase, can increase bulging power.

Between two hinge seats 7 of the present embodiment, be provided with spin screw mechanism, spin screw mechanism comprises screw rod 17, screw rod 17 one end are arranged on one of them hinge seat 7, the other end is arranged on the spiral base being arranged on another hinge seat 7, and screw rod 17 and spiral base be rotation automatically screw rod 17 length of adjusting between two hinge seats 7 mutually under the effect of power.

In axle housing workpiece 5 bulging deformation processes, may exist and because hydraulic coupling is unstable, cause upper module 1a and lower module 1b vibration, cause axle housing workpiece 5 bulging distortion controllabilities bad, by spin screw mechanism is set, in axle housing workpiece 5 bulging deformation processes, by screw rod 17, coordinate with the rotation between spiral base, the piston rod fltting speed of the length variations speed of screw rod 17 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 matches, when occurring that hydraulic coupling is unstable, effect due to screw rod 17, upper module 1a and lower module 1b can keep stable, make the bulging deformation process of axle housing workpiece 5 more steadily controlled.

Other structures of the present embodiment are identical with the first embodiment, no longer one by one tired stating.

Introduce the specific embodiment of the whole Compound Forming of Bulging technique of automobile drive axle whole Compound Forming of Bulging device enforcement automobile drive axle of the present invention that adopts the first embodiment or the second embodiment below.

The whole Compound Forming of Bulging technique of automobile drive axle of the present invention, comprises the steps:

1) the axle housing workpiece 5 after opening is put into bulging external mold 2;

2) bulging internal mold 1 is extend into the bulging deformed area of axle housing workpiece 5 from one end endoporus of axle housing workpiece 5, in actual mechanical process, first the piston rod of a thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is disconnected by quick-detachment syndeton, and multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 is shunk completely, by bulging internal mold 1 with from the endoporus of another thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 one end, extend in axle housing workpiece, recycling quick-detachment syndeton connects the piston rod of thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 fast;

3) bulging external mold 2 matched moulds, and the supporting mechanism of bulging external mold 2 is pressed on the bulging deformed area and the transition face 5b between non-deformation zone of bridge casing lute bag 5a, by supporting mechanism being set on bulging adventitia 2, can control the bulging distortion of axle housing workpiece 5, the bulging deformed area of axle housing workpiece 5 is between the transition face 5b at two ends;

4) utilize the thrust device that is positioned at bulging internal mold 1 two ends to bulging internal mold 1, to apply the thrust that equates and be parallel to axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions respectively; Utilize pressure-generating device to apply the pressure perpendicular to axle housing workpiece axial direction to upper module 1a and lower module 1b; Thrust is decomposed into and acts on upper module 1a with on lower module 1b and perpendicular to the thrust vertical stress component and the parallel component of thrust that is parallel to axle housing workpiece axial direction of axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions under the effect of linkage, the bulging power that described axle housing workpiece is subject to is making a concerted effort of described thrust vertical stress component and pressure, and described axle housing workpiece is bulging distortion under the effect of bulging power;

While adopting the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of automobile drive axle of the first embodiment and the second embodiment to carry out bulging to axle housing workpiece, the Changing Pattern of thrust vertical stress component and pressure is as follows:

As Figure 7-9,0-t1 is the axle housing workpiece strain stage, the t1-t2 time period is the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 bulging distortion, the t2-t3 time period is the bulging stage in the 5 bulging distortion of axle housing workpiece, the t3-t4 time period is the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 bulging distortion, and t4-t5 is the unloading phase after axle housing workpiece bulging has been out of shape;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 bulging distortion, thrust vertical stress component monotonic increase, pressure is along with the yield strain rule of axle housing workpiece 5 changes;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 bulging distortion, pressure monotone decreasing, thrust vertical stress component monotonic increase;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece 5 bulging distortion, described thrust vertical stress component increases progressively, and described bulging power reaches the rear pressurize of setting value;

5) unload, move back mould.

In addition, when adopting the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of automobile drive axle of the second embodiment to carry out bulging to axle housing workpiece, for maintaining axle housing workpiece 5, stablize the spin screw mechanism of bulging distortion in the process of thrust device propelling, be driven in rotation, make to equate with the relative motion speed between two hinge seats 7 at the rate of change of screw rod 17 length between two hinge seats 7.Because hydraulic coupling exists unstability, the fluctuation of hydraulic coupling causes upper module 1a and lower module 1b vibration, cause axle housing workpiece 5 bulging distortion controllabilities bad, the spiral bulging process using spin of the whole composite machine of automobile drive axle of the present invention screw mechanism, in axle housing workpiece bulging deformation process, by screw rod 17, coordinate with the rotation between spiral base, the length variations speed of screw rod 17 and the piston rod fltting speed of thrust hydraulic cylinder match, when occurring that hydraulic coupling is unstable, effect due to screw rod 17, upper module 1a and lower module 1b can keep stable, make the bulging deformation process of axle housing workpiece more steadily controlled.

Preferably, axle housing workpiece 5, after bulging has been out of shape, pressurize 15-40 second, by pressurize, can prevent that axle housing workpiece 5 from deforming after moving back mould under internal stress effect, guarantees product quality.

The spiral bulging technique of the whole composite machine of automobile drive axle of the present invention is by adopting mechanical screw type bulging device, utilize thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 to bulging internal mold, to apply the thrust that is parallel to axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions, thrust is on linkage, and act on upper module 1a and lower module 1b by connecting rod 8, make upper module 1a and lower module 1b be subject to the thrust vertical stress component and the parallel component of thrust that is parallel to axle housing workpiece axial direction perpendicular to axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions, the parallel component of thrust can prevent upper module 1a and lower module 1b occurrence positions skew in bulging deformation process.

Because the bore of axle housing workpiece 5 endoporus is very little, cause under original state that connecting rod 8 deforms at axle housing workpiece 5 very little with the angle of axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions, this causes thrust vertical stress component less, and axle housing workpiece 5 required bulging power under original state is larger, may cause making axle housing workpiece to produce bulging distortion, by multistage hydraulic cylinder is set, bulging internal mold is directly applied to the pressure perpendicular to axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions, under the acting in conjunction of thrust vertical stress component and pressure, the stress intensity that axle housing workpiece 5 is subject to is more than or equal to the yield strength of axle housing workpiece, make axle housing workpiece 5 produce bulging distortion, along with the increase of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion ratios, connecting rod 8 increases gradually with the angle of axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions, decomposes the thrust vertical stress component obtaining increase by thrust, and now pressure can reduce gradually, there is geometrical relationship known, thrust T and thrust vertical stress component T ₁pass be:

T ₁＝Ttanθ/2

In formula, θ is the angle of connecting rod 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions.

To sum up, the spiral bulging technique of the whole composite machine of automobile drive axle of the present invention is by controlling the hydraulic coupling of thrust hydraulic cylinder and auxiliary hydraulic cylinder 6, the whole process that can control preferably the 5 bulging distortion of axle housing workpiece, can meet the requirement that bulging is produced automobile drive axle.

Further, the wall thickness of axle housing workpiece 5 is generally 1.5-40mm, and axle housing workpiece 5 carries out bulging distortion in two ways can adopt, and is respectively heat expansion shape mode and cold expanding shape mode.

Heat expansion shape mode is: axle housing workpiece 5, before putting into bulging external mold 2, is heated to 200-600 ℃, by heating, can improve the plastic deformation ability of axle housing workpiece 5, makes axle housing workpiece 5 bulgings be out of shape required bulging power less, saves cost of investment.Preferably, axle housing workpiece 5 is local heat, and the region of heating is the bulging deformed area of axle housing workpiece 5, and the present embodiment adopts Frequency Induction Heating mode to heat axle housing workpiece 5, adopts local heat mode, can save the energy.

Cold expanding shape mode is: axle housing workpiece 5 bulging distortion at normal temperatures.

Adopt heat expansion shape mode and cold expanding shape mode all can realize the bulging distortion of axle housing workpiece 5, still due under cold expanding shape mode, axle housing workpiece 5 is normal temperature, and its plastic deformation ability is poor, and under equal conditions the force rate heat expansion shape mode of required bulging distortion is large.

Below by specific embodiment, the embodiment of the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of automobile drive axle of whole Compound Forming of Bulging process using the first embodiment of automobile drive axle of the present invention and the second embodiment is elaborated.

The 1st embodiment

The wall thickness of the axle housing workpiece 5 of the present embodiment is 1.5mm, and the technological parameter of its concrete bulging distortion is as follows:

1, heat expansion shape mode:

1) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 600 ℃ when bulging is out of shape

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 2000～2200KN with axle housing workpiece shell yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 0KN, and the maximum that multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 acts on the pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 2000～2200KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 increases progressively gradually as at 900～1600KN, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 1000KN, the pressure that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is decremented to 1500～60KN gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase;

When adopting the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of automobile drive axle of the second embodiment, in the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the propelling of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 can drive spin screw mechanism, by screw rod 17, coordinate with the rotation between spiral base, the length variations speed of screw rod 17 and the piston rod fltting speed of thrust hydraulic cylinder match, when thrust hydraulic cylinder or multistage hydraulic cylinder occur that hydraulic coupling is unstable, effect due to screw rod 17, upper module 1a and lower module 1b can keep stable, make the bulging deformation process of axle housing workpiece more steadily controlled,

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to after 2800～3000KN gradually, pressurize 15s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 2000KN, thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2 also increase gradually, and multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b and is changed to pressurize after 1100～1300KN.

2) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 400 ℃ when bulging is out of shape;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 2300～2500KN with axle housing workpiece shell yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 0KN, and the maximum that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on the pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 2300～2500KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 1000～1800KN gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 1000KN, multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on pressure decline to the 160～1700KN on upper module 1a and lower module 1b, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 3000～3200KN gradually, rear pressurize 20s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 2500KN, and multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b and is changed to pressurize after 900～1100KN.

3) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 200 ℃ when bulging is out of shape;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 3200～3500KN with axle housing workpiece shell yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 0KN, and the maximum that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on the pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 3200～3500KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 2000～2800KN gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 1000KN, the pressure that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is decremented to 1150～2700KN gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 4100～4300KN gradually, rear pressurize 30s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 2500KN, and multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b and gradually changes to pressurize after 2000～2200KN.

2, cold expanding shape mode:

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 5800～6100KN with axle housing workpiece shell yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 2000KN, and the maximum that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on the pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 5600～5900KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 5000～5600KN gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 2000KN, the pressure that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is decremented to 3300～5400KN gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 6300～6500KN gradually, rear pressurize 40s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 4000KN, multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b and gradually changes to pressurize after 2900～3100KN, due to thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, in pressure maintaining period, θ value is constant, and the size of thrust vertical stress component keeps constant.

The 2nd embodiment

The wall thickness of the axle housing workpiece 5 of the present embodiment is 8mm, and the technological parameter of its concrete bulging distortion is as follows:

1, heat expansion shape mode:

1) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 600 ℃ when bulging is out of shape

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 7950～8100KN with axle housing workpiece shell yield strain regular fluctuation, the thrust 3000KN of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 wherein, the maximum that multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 acts on the pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 7600～7850KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 6000～7500KN gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 5000KN, the pressure that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is decremented to 1800～7000KN gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 8250～8500KN gradually, rear pressurize 25s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 7000KN, thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2 also increase gradually, and multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b and gradually changes to pressurize after 2300～2600KN.

2) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 400 ℃ when bulging is out of shape;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 9250～9500KN with axle housing workpiece shell yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on the pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 9000～9200KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 7700～9000KN gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 5000KN, the pressure that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is decremented to 3500～8600KN gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 9800～10000KN gradually, rear pressurize 35s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 7000KN, and multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b and is changed to pressurize after 3900～4100KN.

3) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 200 ℃ when bulging is out of shape;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 15000～15500KN with axle housing workpiece shell yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on the pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 14700～15300KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 13000～14500KN gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 5000KN, the pressure that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is decremented to 8800～14000KN gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 17000～17800KN gradually, rear pressurize 40s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 14000KN, and multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b and is changed to pressurize after 5200～6000KN.

2, cold expanding shape mode:

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 32500～33000KN with axle housing workpiece shell yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on the pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 32200～32800KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 29500～31500KN gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 5000KN, the pressure that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is decremented to 31000～25300KN gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 34000～35000KN gradually, rear pressurize 15s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 25000KN, multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b and gradually changes to pressurize after 13000～14000KN, due to thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, in pressure maintaining period, θ value is constant, and the size of thrust vertical stress component keeps constant.

The 3rd embodiment

The wall thickness of the axle housing workpiece 5 of the present embodiment is 16mm, and the technological parameter of its concrete bulging distortion is as follows:

1, heat expansion shape mode:

1) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 600 ℃ when bulging is out of shape

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 15900～16200KN with axle housing workpiece shell yield strain regular fluctuation, the thrust 3000KN of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 wherein, the maximum that multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 acts on the pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 15600～16000KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 12000～15000KN gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 8000KN, multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on pressure decline to the 5200～14300KN on upper module 1a and lower module 1b, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 16500～17000KN gradually, rear pressurize 25s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 12000KN, thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2 also increase gradually, and multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b and gradually changes to pressurize after 6400～6900KN.

2) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 400 ℃ when bulging is out of shape;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 18500～19000KN with axle housing workpiece shell yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on the pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 18200～18700KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 15400～18000KN gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 8000KN, the pressure that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is decremented to 8600～17300KN gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 19600～20000KN gradually, rear pressurize 15s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 15000KN, and multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b and gradually changes to pressurize after 7000～7400KN.

3) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 200 ℃ when bulging is out of shape;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 30000～31000KN with axle housing workpiece shell yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on the pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 29700～30800KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 26000～29000KN gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 8000KN, the pressure that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is decremented to 19200～28300KN gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 34000～35600KN gradually, rear pressurize 40s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 30000KN, and multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b and is changed to pressurize after 8800～10400KN.

2, cold expanding shape mode:

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 65000～66000KN with axle housing workpiece shell yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on the pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 64700～65800KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented within the scope of 59000～63000KN and increases progressively gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 8000KN, the pressure that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is decremented to 52200～62300KN gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 68000～70000KN gradually, rear pressurize 40s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 50000KN, multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b and gradually changes to pressurize after 26000～28000KN, due to thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, in pressure maintaining period, θ value is constant, and the size of thrust vertical stress component keeps constant.

The 4th embodiment

The wall thickness of the axle housing workpiece 5 of the present embodiment is 25mm, and the technological parameter of its concrete bulging distortion is as follows:

1, heat expansion shape mode:

1) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 600 ℃ when bulging is out of shape

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 24800～25300KN with axle housing workpiece shell yield strain regular fluctuation, the thrust 3000KN of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 wherein, the maximum that multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 acts on the pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 24500～25000KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 18700～23400KN gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 10000KN, the pressure that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is decremented to 10300～22500KN gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 25700～26600KN gradually, rear pressurize 32s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 20000KN, thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2 also increase gradually, and multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b and is changed to pressurize after 9000～9700KN.

2) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 400 ℃ when bulging is out of shape;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 28900～29700KN with axle housing workpiece shell yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on the pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 28600～29500KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 24000～28200KN gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 10000KN, the pressure that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is decremented to 15600～27300KN gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 30600～31300KN gradually, rear pressurize 18s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 30000KN, and multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b and is changed to pressurize after 5400～6000KN.

3) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 200 ℃ when bulging is out of shape;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 46800～48400KN with axle housing workpiece shell yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on the pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 46600～48200KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 40600～45300KN gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 10000KN, the pressure that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is decremented to 32200～44400KN gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 53100～55600KN gradually, rear pressurize 38s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 40000KN, and multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b and gradually changes to pressurize after 19500～22000KN.

2, cold expanding shape mode:

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 101500～103100KN with axle housing workpiece shell yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on the pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 101300～102800KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 92200～98500KN gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 10000KN, the pressure that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is decremented to 83700～97600KN gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 106200～109400KN gradually, rear pressurize 30s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 80000KN, multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b and gradually changes to pressurize after 39100～42200KN, due to thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, in pressure maintaining period, θ value is constant, and the size of thrust vertical stress component keeps constant.

The 5th embodiment

The wall thickness of the axle housing workpiece 5 of the present embodiment is 40mm, and the technological parameter of its concrete bulging distortion is as follows:

1, heat expansion shape mode:

1) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 600 ℃ when bulging is out of shape

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 39700～40500KN with axle housing workpiece shell yield strain regular fluctuation, the thrust 3000KN of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 wherein, the maximum that multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 acts on the pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 39400～40200KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 30000～37500KN gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 12000KN, the pressure that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is decremented to 19900～36400KN gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 41200～42500KN gradually, rear pressurize 40s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 30000KN, thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2 also increase gradually, and multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b and is changed to pressurize after 16000～17300KN.

2) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 400 ℃ when bulging is out of shape;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 46200～47500KN with axle housing workpiece shell yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on the pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 45900～47200KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 38500～45000KN gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 12000KN, the pressure that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is decremented to 28400～43900KN gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 49000～50000KN gradually, rear pressurize 30s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 40000KN, and multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b and gradually changes to pressurize after 15400～16400KN.

3) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 200 ℃ when bulging is out of shape;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 75000～77500KN with axle housing workpiece shell yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on the pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 74700～77200KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 65000～72500KN gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 12000KN, the pressure that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is decremented to 54900～71400KN gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 85000～89000KN gradually, rear pressurize 20s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 60000KN, and multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b and gradually changes to pressurize after 34600～38600KN.

2, cold expanding shape mode:

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 162500～165000KN with axle housing workpiece shell yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on the pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 162200～164800KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 147500～157500KN gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 12000KN, the pressure that multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is decremented to 137400～156400KN gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece deformation, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to 170000～175000KN gradually, rear pressurize 30s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 105000KN, multistage hydraulic cylinder acts on pressure on upper module 1a and lower module 1b and gradually changes to pressurize after 81800～86900KN, due to thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, in pressure maintaining period, θ value is constant, and the size of thrust vertical stress component keeps constant.

The 3rd embodiment

As shown in figure 10, for being applicable to the structural representation of whole Compound Forming of Bulging device the 3rd embodiment of automobile drive axle after workpiece bulging has been out of shape of the whole Compound Forming of Bulging technique of automobile drive axle of the present invention, show as inner high voltage formula bulging mode; Figure 11 is the structural representation of the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of the present embodiment automobile drive axle before the distortion of workpiece bulging.

As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, two thrust devices of the present embodiment are for laying respectively at bulging internal mold 1 two ends and for thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and the thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 of bulging thrust are provided, thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 apply hydraulic thrust to the two ends of bulging internal mold respectively.The pressure-generating device of the present embodiment is to be arranged at least one between upper module 1a and lower module 1b for multistage hydraulic cylinder 6, and multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 applies the hydraulic coupling perpendicular to axle housing workpiece 5 axis directions to upper module 1a and lower module 1b.

As shown in figure 10, the bulging external mold 2 of the present embodiment comprises external mold 13 and lower external mold 14, upper external mold 13 with on lower external mold 14, be respectively equipped with upper cavity 13a and the lower mode cavity 14a identical with the upper and lower both sides of bridge casing lute bag 5a outer wall shape and structure, supporting mechanism be upper cavity 13a and lower mode cavity 14a respectively the upper cavity corresponding with bridge casing lute bag 5a transition face 5b support inwall 13b and lower mode cavity supports inwall 14b, adopt the bulging external mold 2 of this structure, not only can effectively control the deformed region of axle housing workpiece 5 in Bulging Process, but also can better control the contour structures of the bridge casing lute bag 5a after bulging.Preferably, when upper external mold 13 and lower external mold 14 are closed, upper cavity 13a forms the bulging chamber identical with the outer wall shape and structure of bridge casing lute bag 5a with lower mode cavity 14a, adopt the bulging external mold 2 of this structure, employing will be carried out bulging after upper external mold 13 and lower external mold 14 closures, be convenient to location between external mold 13 and lower external mold 14, be more convenient for applying mold clamping force to bulging external mold 2.

The multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 of the present embodiment is identical with the first embodiment, it is 2 that the multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 of the present embodiment is arranged side by side, as shown in figure 12, between the outermost layer hydraulic cylinder body 6b of one of them multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 and lower module 1b, be threaded connection structure and be fixedly connected with, piston rod 6a is fixedly mounted on upper module 1a by threaded fastener; Between the outermost layer hydraulic cylinder body 6b of another multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 and upper module 1a, be threaded connection structure and be fixedly connected with, piston rod 6a is fixedly mounted on lower module 1b by threaded fastener.

Other structures of the present embodiment are identical with the first embodiment, but in Bulging Process, 6 couples of upper module 1a of multistage hydraulic cylinder of the present embodiment and the pressure perpendicular to axle housing workpiece 5 axis directions that lower module 1b applies are to make axle housing workpiece 5 that the main bulging power of bulging distortion occur, and the thrust that 4 pairs of bulging internal molds 1 of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder apply is mainly as the auxiliary mold clamping force of upper module 1a and lower module 1b.Take the pressure of multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 under the effect of main bulging power, and there is bulgings distortion in axle housing workpiece 5, realizes bulging.Under the effect of parallel component, can prevent upper module 1a and lower module 1b occurrence positions skew in Bulging Process, the quality of the bridge casing lute bag obtaining after assurance bulging.

The thrust generating apparatus of the present embodiment, except adopting the version of thrust hydraulic cylinder, also can adopt existing other frame for movements simultaneously to bulging internal mold 1 two ends applied thrust, no longer one by one tired stating.

The 4th embodiment

As shown in figure 13, for being applicable to the structural representation of whole Compound Forming of Bulging device the 4th embodiment of automobile drive axle after workpiece bulging has been out of shape of the whole Compound Forming of Bulging technique of automobile drive axle of the present invention, show as inner high voltage flow-type bulging mode; Figure 14 is the structural representation of the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of the present embodiment automobile drive axle before the distortion of workpiece bulging.

As shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14, two thrust devices of the present embodiment are for laying respectively at bulging internal mold 1 two ends and for thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and the thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 of auxiliary mold clamping force are provided, thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 apply hydraulic thrust to the two ends of bulging internal mold respectively.The pressure-generating device of the present embodiment is to be arranged at least one between upper module 1a and lower module 1b for multistage hydraulic cylinder 6, and multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 applies the hydraulic coupling perpendicular to axle housing workpiece 5 axis directions to upper module 1a and lower module 1b.

As shown in figure 15, the multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 of the present embodiment comprises piston rod 6a and the stacked hydraulic cylinder body 6b that is set in together and is stretching structure of two-stage at least, piston rod 6a is sleeved on the hydraulic cylinder body 6b of innermost layer, between outermost hydraulic cylinder body 6b and piston rod 6a, form rodless cavity 6c, between the hydraulic cylinder body 6b of innermost layer and piston rod 6a, form rod end chamber 6d, between adjacent two-stage hydraulic cylinder body 6b, form classification oil pocket 6e, rod end chamber 6d is equipped with on classification oil pocket 6e the hydraulic fluid port 6f being connected with hydraulic power source, rodless cavity 6c is provided with for the circulation hydraulic fluid port 6i of hydraulic oil circulation and circulation hydraulic fluid port 6j.As shown in Figure 9, the multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 of the present embodiment is set to 2, wherein between the outermost layer hydraulic cylinder body 6b of multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 and lower module 1b, be threaded connection structure and be fixedly connected with, piston rod 6a is fixedly mounted on upper module 1a by threaded fastener; Between the outermost layer hydraulic cylinder body 6b of another multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 and upper module 1a, be threaded connection structure and be fixedly connected with, piston rod 6a is fixedly mounted on lower module 1b by threaded fastener.The multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 of the present embodiment comprises three grades of stacked hydraulic cylinder body 6b that are set in together and are stretching structure.

In like manner, the thrust generating apparatus of the present embodiment, except adopting the version of thrust hydraulic cylinder, also can adopt existing other frame for movements simultaneously to bulging internal mold 1 two ends applied thrust, no longer one by one tired stating.

Introduce the specific embodiment of the whole Compound Forming of Bulging technique of automobile drive axle whole Compound Forming of Bulging device enforcement automobile drive axle of the present invention that adopts the 3rd embodiment or the 4th embodiment below.

While adopting the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of automobile drive axle of the 3rd embodiment and the 4th embodiment to carry out bulging to axle housing workpiece, the Changing Pattern of thrust vertical stress component and pressure is as follows:

As shown in Figure 16-18,0-t1 is the axle housing workpiece strain stage, the t1-t2 time period is the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 bulging distortion, the t2-t3 time period is the bulging stage in the 5 bulging distortion of axle housing workpiece, the t3-t4 time period is the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 bulging distortion, and t4-t5 is the unloading phase after axle housing workpiece bulging has been out of shape;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 bulging distortion, pressure and the equal monotonic increase of thrust vertical stress component;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece 5 bulging distortion, thrust vertical stress component increases progressively, and bulging power reaches the rear pressurize of setting value.

5) unload, move back mould.

In addition, when adopting the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of automobile drive axle of the 4th embodiment to carry out bulging to axle housing workpiece, pressure-generating device adopts multistage hydraulic cylinder, and the flow velocity of the hydraulic oil in multistage hydraulic cylinder is 0-10L/min.In the bulging production process of automobile drive axle housing, generally need to heat axle housing workpiece 5, to improve the plastic deformation ability of axle housing workpiece 5, and reduce axle housing workpiece 5 bulgings and be out of shape required bulging power, the temperature of heating is generally 200-600 ℃ of left and right, yet because hydraulic oil at high temperature can go bad, may cause the insufficient pressure of multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 output or unstable, cause bulging to carry out smoothly, the bulging deformation process of uncontrollable axle housing workpiece 5, the present invention is by adopting multistage hydraulic cylinder 6, not only can provide hydraulic expanding-forming power for the 5 bulging distortion of axle housing workpiece, and hydraulic oil is flowed in the rodless cavity 6c of multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 with certain speed, make hydraulic oil be discharged from multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 before intensification is rotten, the temperature that guarantees the hydraulic oil in multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 maintains lower temperature levels, make the hydraulic expanding-forming power of multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 outputs stablize controlled.

Preferably, axle housing workpiece 5 is after bulging has been out of shape, and pressurize 15～40 seconds, by pressurize, can prevent that axle housing workpiece 5 from deforming after moving back mould under internal stress effect, guarantees product quality.

The whole compound inner high voltage flow-type bulging process of automobile drive axle of the present invention, utilize multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 to apply the pressure perpendicular to axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions to upper module 1a and lower module 1b, under the effect of pressure, upper module 1a and lower module 1b extruding axle housing workpiece 5 are realized bulging.Owing to directly adopting multistage hydraulic cylinder 6 to apply axle housing workpiece 5 bulgings, be out of shape required pressure, and pressure acts directly on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is upper, the bulging that axle housing workpiece 5 is controlled by controlled pressure in direct convenience ground is more out of shape.

By the two ends at bulging internal mold 1, thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 are set, in the process of bulging, provide thrust, thrust is on linkage, and act on respectively on upper module 1a and lower module 1b by two hinge bars 8, make upper module 1a and lower module 1b be subject to the thrust vertical stress component and the parallel component of thrust that is parallel to axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions perpendicular to axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions, the parallel component of thrust can prevent upper module 1a and lower module 1b occurrence positions skew in bulging deformation process, the quality of the bridge casing lute bag 5a obtaining after assurance bulging, thrust vertical stress component can be the 5 bulging distortion of axle housing workpiece auxiliary bulging power is provided.

From geometrical relationship, thrust T and thrust vertical stress component T ₁pass be:

T ₁＝Ttanθ/2

In formula, θ is the angle of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions.

To sum up, the whole compound inner high voltage flow-type bulging process of automobile drive axle of the present invention, by controlling the hydraulic coupling of multistage hydraulic cylinder 6, can be controlled the whole process of axle housing workpiece 5 bulging distortion preferably, can meet the requirement that bulging is produced automobile drive axle.

Below by specific embodiment, the embodiment of the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of automobile drive axle of whole Compound Forming of Bulging process using the 3rd embodiment of automobile drive axle of the present invention and the 4th embodiment is elaborated.

The 6th embodiment

1, heat expansion shape mode:

1) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 600 ℃ when bulging is out of shape;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 2000～2200KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 0KN, and the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b equates with bulging power;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, it is 900～1600KN that the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 increases progressively gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 0KN, and the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b equates with bulging power;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, after the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 increases progressively gradually and is 2800～3000KN, pressurize 15s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 0KN, the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b equates with bulging power.

When adopting the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of automobile drive axle of the 4th embodiment, the flow velocity of the hydraulic oil in multistage hydraulic cylinder is 10L/min.

Be that axle housing workpiece 5 bulgings are out of shape required bulging power and all by multistage hydraulic cylinder, are provided, 4 pairs of bulging internal molds of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder do not produce active force.

2) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 400 ℃ when bulging is out of shape;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 2300～2500 and along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 0KN, and the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b equates with bulging power;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, it is 1000～1800KN that the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 increases progressively gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 0KN, and the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b equates with bulging power;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, after the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 increases progressively gradually and is 3000～3200KN, pressurize 30s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 0KN, the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b equates with bulging power.

When adopting the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of automobile drive axle of the 4th embodiment, the flow velocity of the hydraulic oil in multistage hydraulic cylinder is 7L/min.

3) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 200 ℃ when bulging is out of shape;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 3200～3500 and along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 0KN, and the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b equates with bulging power;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, it is 2000～2800KN that the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 increases progressively gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 1000KN, it is 1150～2700KN that pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b increases progressively gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase; ;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, after the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 increases progressively gradually and is 4100～4300KN, pressurize 40s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 2000KN, thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2 also increase gradually, and the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b gradually changes to pressurize after 2400～2650KN.

When adopting the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of automobile drive axle of the 4th embodiment, the flow velocity of the hydraulic oil in multistage hydraulic cylinder is 5L/min.

2, cold expanding shape mode:

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 5800～6100KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum of the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 5500～5850KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, it is 5000～5600KN that the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 increases progressively gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, it is 2500～5300KN that pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b increases progressively gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase; ;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to after 6300～6500KN gradually, pressurize 35s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2 also increase gradually, and the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b gradually changes to pressurize after 3700～4000KN, in pressure maintaining period, the size of θ is constant, and thrust vertical stress component also keeps constant.

When adopting the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of automobile drive axle of the 4th embodiment, the flow velocity of the hydraulic oil in multistage hydraulic cylinder is 0L/min.

The 7th embodiment

1, heat expansion shape mode:

1) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 600 ℃ when bulging is out of shape;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 7950～8100KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum of the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 7600～7850KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, it is 6000～7500KN that the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 increases progressively gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, it is 3500～7250KN that pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b increases progressively gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase; ;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to after 8250～8500KN gradually, pressurize 25s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2 also increase gradually, and the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b gradually changes to pressurize after 5700～6000KN, in pressure maintaining period, the size of θ is constant, and thrust vertical stress component also keeps constant.

When adopting the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of automobile drive axle of the 4th embodiment, the flow velocity of the hydraulic oil in multistage hydraulic cylinder is 8L/min.

2) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 400 ℃ when bulging is out of shape;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 9250～9500KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum of the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 9000～9200KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, it is 7700～9000KN that the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 increases progressively gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, it is 5200～8700KN that pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b increases progressively gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase; ;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to after 9800～10000KN gradually, pressurize 40s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2 also increase gradually, and the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b gradually changes to pressurize after 7250～7500KN, in pressure maintaining period, the size of θ is constant, and thrust vertical stress component also keeps constant.

3) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 200 ℃ when bulging is out of shape;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 15000～15500KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum of the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 14700～15300KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, it is 13000～14500KN that the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 increases progressively gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, it is 10400～14300KN that pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b increases progressively gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase; ;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to after 17000～17800KN gradually, pressurize 35s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 5000KN, thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2 also increase gradually, and the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b gradually changes to pressurize after 12800～13600KN, in pressure maintaining period, the size of θ is constant, and thrust vertical stress component also keeps constant.

2, cold expanding shape mode;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 32500～33000KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum of the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 32200～32800KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, it is 29500～31500KN that the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 increases progressively gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, it is 27000～31200KN that pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b increases progressively gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase; ;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to after 34000～35000KN gradually, pressurize 30s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 5000KN, thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2 also increase gradually, and the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b gradually changes to pressurize after 29800～30800KN, in pressure maintaining period, the size of θ is constant, and thrust vertical stress component also keeps constant.

When adopting the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of automobile drive axle of the 4th embodiment, the flow velocity of the hydraulic oil in multistage hydraulic cylinder is 1L/min.

The 8th embodiment

1, heat expansion shape mode:

1) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 600 ℃ when bulging is out of shape;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 15900～16200KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum of the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 15600～16000KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, it is 12000～15000KN that the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 increases progressively gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, it is 9450～14800KN that pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b increases progressively gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase; ;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to after 16500～17000KN gradually, pressurize 15s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2 also increase gradually, and the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b gradually changes to pressurize after 13900～14500KN, in pressure maintaining period, the size of θ is constant, and thrust vertical stress component also keeps constant.

When adopting the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of automobile drive axle of the 4th embodiment, the flow velocity of the hydraulic oil in multistage hydraulic cylinder is 4L/min.

2) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 400 ℃ when bulging is out of shape;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 18500～19000KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum of the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 18200～18700KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, it is 15400～18000KN that the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 increases progressively gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, it is 12800～17800KN that pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b increases progressively gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase; ;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to after 19600～20000KN gradually, pressurize 25s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 4000KN, thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2 also increase gradually, and the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b gradually changes to pressurize after 16200～16600KN, in pressure maintaining period, the size of θ is constant, and thrust vertical stress component also keeps constant.

When adopting the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of automobile drive axle of the 4th embodiment, the flow velocity of the hydraulic oil in multistage hydraulic cylinder is 9L/min.

3) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 200 ℃ when bulging is out of shape;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 30000～31000KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum of the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 29700～30800KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, it is 26000～29000KN that the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 increases progressively gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, it is 23400～28800KN that pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b increases progressively gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase; ;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to after 34000～35600KN gradually, pressurize 18s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 8000KN, thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2 also increase gradually, and the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b gradually changes to pressurize after 27200～28900KN, in pressure maintaining period, the size of θ is constant, and thrust vertical stress component also keeps constant.

When adopting the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of automobile drive axle of the 4th embodiment, the flow velocity of the hydraulic oil in multistage hydraulic cylinder is 3L/min.

2, cold expanding shape mode;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 65000～66000KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum of the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 64700～65800KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, it is 59000～63000KN that the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 increases progressively gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, it is 56400～62800KN that pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b increases progressively gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase; ;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to after 68000～70000KN gradually, pressurize 36s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 8000KN, thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2 also increase gradually, and the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b gradually changes to pressurize after 61200～63300KN, in pressure maintaining period, the size of θ is constant, and thrust vertical stress component also keeps constant.

When adopting the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of automobile drive axle of the 4th embodiment, the flow velocity of the hydraulic oil in multistage hydraulic cylinder is 0.5L/min.

The automobile drive axle integral body of the present embodiment meets hydroforming technique and also can only adopt multistage hydraulic cylinder to apply bulging power to bulging internal mold, now pressure equals the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece, the Changing Pattern that is pressure is identical with the Changing Pattern of bulging power, is not tiring out and is stating one by one.

The 9th embodiment

1, heat expansion shape mode:

1) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 600 ℃ when bulging is out of shape;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 24800～25300KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum of the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 24500～25000KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, it is 18700～23400KN that the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 increases progressively gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, it is 16200～23200KN that pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b increases progressively gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase; ;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to after 25700～26600KN gradually, pressurize 28s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2 also increase gradually, and the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b gradually changes to pressurize after 23200～24000KN, in pressure maintaining period, the size of θ is constant, and thrust vertical stress component also keeps constant.

2) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 400 ℃ when bulging is out of shape;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 28900～29700KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum of the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 28600～29500KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, it is 24000～28200KN that the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 increases progressively gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, it is 21500～27900KN that pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b increases progressively gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase; ;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to after 30600～31300KN gradually, pressurize 32s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 4000KN, thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2 also increase gradually, and the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b gradually changes to pressurize after 27200～27900KN, in pressure maintaining period, the size of θ is constant, and thrust vertical stress component also keeps constant.

When adopting the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of automobile drive axle of the 4th embodiment, the flow velocity of the hydraulic oil in multistage hydraulic cylinder is 6L/min.

3) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 200 ℃ when bulging is out of shape;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 46800～48400KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum of the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 46600～48200KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, it is 40600～45300KN that the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 increases progressively gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, it is 38100～45000KN that pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b increases progressively gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase; ;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to after 53100～55600KN gradually, pressurize 40s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 10000KN, thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2 also increase gradually, and the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b gradually changes to pressurize after 44700～47200KN, in pressure maintaining period, the size of θ is constant, and thrust vertical stress component also keeps constant.

2, cold expanding shape mode:

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 101500～103100KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum of the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 101300～102800KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, it is 92200～98500KN that the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 increases progressively gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, it is 89600～98200KN that pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b increases progressively gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase; ;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to after 106200～109400KN gradually, pressurize 32s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 10000KN, thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2 also increase gradually, and the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b gradually changes to pressurize after 97800～100000KN, in pressure maintaining period, the size of θ is constant, and thrust vertical stress component also keeps constant.

When adopting the whole Compound Forming of Bulging device of automobile drive axle of the 4th embodiment, the flow velocity of the hydraulic oil in multistage hydraulic cylinder is 2L/min.

The 10th embodiment

1, heat expansion shape mode:

1) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 600 ℃ when bulging is out of shape;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 39700～40500KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum of the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 39400～40200KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, it is 30000～37500KN that the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 increases progressively gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, it is 27400～37200KN that pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b increases progressively gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase; ;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to after 41200～42500KN gradually, pressurize 38s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 4000KN, thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2 also increase gradually, and the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b gradually changes to pressurize after 37800～39200KN, in pressure maintaining period, the size of θ is constant, and thrust vertical stress component also keeps constant.

2) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 400 ℃ when bulging is out of shape;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 46200～47500KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum of the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 45900～47200KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, it is 38500～45000KN that the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 increases progressively gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, it is 35900～44800KN that pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b increases progressively gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase; ;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to after 49000～50000KN gradually, pressurize 40s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 4000KN, thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2 also increase gradually, and the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b gradually changes to pressurize after 45600～46600KN, in pressure maintaining period, the size of θ is constant, and thrust vertical stress component also keeps constant.

3) axle housing workpiece 5 is heated to 200 ℃ when bulging is out of shape;

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 75000～77500KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum of the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 74700～77200KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, it is 65000～72500KN that the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 increases progressively gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, it is 62400～72200KN that pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b increases progressively gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase; ;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to after 85000～89000KN gradually, pressurize 35s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 12000KN, thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2 also increase gradually, and the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b gradually changes to pressurize after 74900～78900KN, in pressure maintaining period, the size of θ is constant, and thrust vertical stress component also keeps constant.

2, cold expanding shape mode:

In the surrender stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the maximum of the bulging power that axle housing workpiece is required is 162500～165000KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, and the maximum of the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b is 162200～164800KN along with axle housing workpiece yield strain regular fluctuation;

In the bulging stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, it is 147500～157500KN that the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 increases progressively gradually, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 3000KN, it is 144900～157200KN that pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b increases progressively gradually, and thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2, because the bulging distortion along with axle housing workpiece 5 of the angle theta of two hinge bars 8 and axle housing workpiece 5 axial directions increases gradually, thrust vertical stress component T1 is in 5 bulging stage of axle housing workpiece monotonic increase; ;

In the matched moulds stage of axle housing workpiece 5 distortion, the required bulging power of axle housing workpiece 5 is incremented to after 170000KN gradually, pressurize 40s, wherein the thrust of thrust hydraulic cylinder 3 and thrust hydraulic cylinder 4 is 12000KN, thrust vertical stress component T1=Ttan θ/2 also increase gradually, and the pressure under multistage hydraulic cylinder effect on upper module 1a and lower module 1b gradually changes to pressurize after 159900～164900KN, in pressure maintaining period, the size of θ is constant, and thrust vertical stress component also keeps constant.

Claims

1) the axle housing workpiece after opening is put into bulging external mold;

5) unloading, moves back mould.

2. the whole Compound Forming of Bulging technique of automobile drive axle according to claim 1, is characterized in that: axle housing workpiece after bulging has been out of shape, pressurize 15 ~ 40 seconds.

3. the whole Compound Forming of Bulging technique of automobile drive axle according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the wall thickness of described axle housing workpiece is 1.5-40mm.

4. the whole Compound Forming of Bulging technique of automobile drive axle according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described axle housing workpiece adopts heat expansion deformation mode, and the described the 1st) in step, axle housing workpiece, before putting into bulging external mold, is heated to 200-600 ℃.

5. the whole Compound Forming of Bulging technique of automobile drive axle according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described axle housing workpiece is local heat, and the region of heating is the bulging deformed area of axle housing workpiece.

6. the whole Compound Forming of Bulging technique of automobile drive axle according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the bulging distortion at normal temperatures of described axle housing workpiece.