CN102886375B - Method for processing heavy metal Cd (Cadmium) contaminated soil - Google Patents
Method for processing heavy metal Cd (Cadmium) contaminated soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN102886375B CN102886375B CN201210374993.XA CN201210374993A CN102886375B CN 102886375 B CN102886375 B CN 102886375B CN 201210374993 A CN201210374993 A CN 201210374993A CN 102886375 B CN102886375 B CN 102886375B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for processing heavy metal Cd contaminated soil, which is characterized by comprising the steps of adding rhamnolipid aqueous solution with concentration of 0.5-2g/L into a negative electrolytic tank, adding deionized water into a positive electrolytic tank, installing a filter cloth between the Cd contaminated soil needed to process and the negative electrolytic tank as well as the positive electrolytic tank, installing a permeable reaction wall on an enrichment place of the heavy metal Cd far away from five eighth of an anode S3, and switching on to electronically repair the Cd contaminated soil. The Cd concentration rate is above 4 times higher than an initial value; and under the function, the concentration rate is reduced to about 3.63 times, the total removal ratio of the heavy value Cd of the whole soil is about 40%, and the contribution ratio of the permeable reaction wall on the removal ratio is about 90%, so that the alkaline rhamnolipid solution proves that the process of the heavy metal from enrichment to removal can be realized by the electrical repair and the permeable reaction wall. The method is simple in operation condition, wide in range of application, low in cost, high in efficiency, liable to realize, and has the better social benefit and biological benefit on the heavy metal Cd contaminated soil.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of microbe application and Environmental Technology field, relate to a kind of processing method of heavy metal Cd contaminated soil.
Background technology
Soil is one of mankind's Main Natural Resources of depending on for existence, is also the important component part of human ecological environment.Along with the increase of industry, the aggravation of municipal pollution and agrochemicals kind, quantity, heavy metal pollution of soil is day by day serious.Heavy metal pollution of soil owner will be take lead, mercury, chromium, arsenic, cadmium, nickel and compound thereof as main, heavy metal pollution of soil has the advantages that pollutant poor mobility, holdup time in soil are long, can not be degraded by microorganisms, and can through people's alimentary canal absorption, respiratory tract suction, skin absorption etc., enter human body by media such as water, plants.Heavy metal contaminants enters after human body, and arsenic can make cutaneous pigmentation, causes abnormal keratinization; Cadmium can cause hypertension, causes cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, destroys bone calcium, causes renal dysfunction.
At present, Heavy Metals In Environment harm has become a global problem.Because the area of China's heavy-metal contaminated soil constantly increases, pollution level is constantly deepened, and causes heavy metal pollution of soil to enter and concentrates the outbreak period, wherein, heavy metal cadmium and arsenic have high toxicity, widely distributed feature, and people and vegeto-animal growing are had to serious harm.Soil heavy metal cadmium and arsenic pollute mainly from departments such as Electroplate Factory, dye industry, mining and metallurgy process, battery production, process hides, film manufacture and automobile makings.Heavy metal cadmium and As polluted soil exist with positive and negative ionic species respectively in soil, chemical behavior is totally different, the two combined pollution reparation research report in soil is also very few, the common people's health and the stable of society have been formed to certain threat, therefore, find a kind of quick, feasible recovery technique extremely urgent, although add solvent, become the effective measures that improve heavy-metal contaminated soil electrokinetic remediation efficiency.But in recent years, although finding some additive, many scientists' research can effectively improve the efficiency of electronic reparation.As after adopting EGTA chelating agent as the electronic removal heavy metal Cd of negative and positive the two poles of the earth additive 23d, its clearance is up to 95%.But when the processing time is 7d, enrichment has appearred in heavy metal Cd near negative electrode, enrichment times is 2.4 left and right, and a large amount of use brought secondary pollution to soil possibly.Bioremediation technology is the new technology of the processing heavy metal polluted waste water that gets up of environmental area developed recently, and rhamnolipid is a kind of preferably electronic repair additive, but not yet in Cd contaminated soil, applies at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is: the deficiency existing for the reparation prior art of soil heavy metal cadmium, provides that a kind of operating condition is simple, easy to implement, the processing method of applied range, cost is low, efficiency is high a kind of heavy metal Cd contaminated soil.
The present invention is such:
A kind of processing method of heavy metal Cd contaminated soil, positive electrolytic cell and cloudy electrolytic cell are set in certain distance, each electrolytic cell configuration graphite electrode is also connected with constant voltage dc source and universal meter, cloudy electrolytic cell adds rhamnolipid solution, sun electrolytic cell adds deionized water, enrichment place in pollutant heavy metal Cd arranges permeable reactive barrier, switches on power Cd contaminated soil is carried out to electronic reparation, and operating procedure is:
(1) rhamnolipid aqueous solution preparation: adopt deionized water, rhamnolipid, hydrochloric acid (HCl) and NaOH (NaOH) conditioning agent fully to dissolve to make the rhamnolipid aqueous solution standby;
(2) contaminated soil is processed: deionized water is evenly sprayed to Cd Polluted Soil, makes the moisture content of soil remain on 27～33%;
(3) reaction wall preparation: adopt lytag and fine sand to mix, packing sealed bag into, to make permeable reactive barrier standby;
(4) contaminated soil is processed: one of positive electrolytic cell and positive graphite electrode is set in Cd contaminated soil processing plot, cloudy electrolytic cell and graphite electrode are more than one, the graphite electrode of sun electrolytic cell and cloudy electrolytic cell is connected with the constant voltage dc source that is provided with universal meter, the Cd contaminated soil of processing at need is with cloudy, between two electrolytic cells of sun, filter cloth is set, in cloudy electrolytic cell approaches the contaminated soil of positive electrolytic cell, permeable reactive barrier is set, in cloudy electrolytic cell, add rhamnolipid solution, in sun electrolytic cell, add appropriate deionized water, switch on power Cd contaminated soil is carried out to electronic reparation.
Above-described rhamnolipid concentration of aqueous solution is 0.5～2.0g/L.
Above-described pH adjusting agent comprises can the complete full-ionized inorganic acid of water-soluble generation and inorganic base.
Above-described lytag is from commercially available lytag.
The lytag of above-described permeable reactive barrier and fine sand part by weight are 3～5: 10.
Two electrolytic cell pond bodies of above-described negative and positive are long: wide: be 8:8:1 at high proportion, anode electrolysis pond adopts pvc material, and catholyte pond adopts ceramic material.
The material of above-described filter cloth and sealed bag comprises filter cloth, filter paper, woven bag, shield net, chemical fabric and cotton.
Above-described graphite electrode diameter is 0.05 meter, and length is 0.06 meter.
Above-described dc source voltage range scope is 0～120V.
Physiochemical properties of soil assay method:
1) mensuration that soil particle diameter distributes: the soil particle diameter standard method of analysis ASTM D422 announcing with reference to the U.S., adopts TM-85 type specific gravity of soil instrumentation fixed.
2) mensuration of soil pH: soil is 1:2.5 lixiviate by pure water weight ratio, adopts the portable 340i type pH meter of German WTW company to measure.
3) mensuration of EC: after fully stirring with the soil of 1:10 weight ratio and pure water, adopt Shanghai thunder magnetoelectricity electrical conductivity instrument DDS-307 type to measure.
4) mensuration of soil organic matter content: with reference to the hydration heat potassium dichromate oxidation-colorimetric method in < < soil agrochemistry analytical method > >.
6) CEC measures: adopt widely used 1molL-1 ammonium acetate exchange process (GB7863-87).
Advantage of the present invention and good effect:
1, the present invention is a kind of processing method of heavy metal Cd contaminated soil, under electric field action by cathodic migration the rhamnolipid aqueous solution to Cd contaminated soil, changed the surface texture of Cd contaminated soil.Electronic reparation has good accumulation ability to heavy metal Cd, and rhamnolipid concentration is 0.5～2g/L, and contaminated soil is apart from anode S3(5/8) locate enrichment times and be the more than 4 of initial value;
2, the present invention with flyash the adsorbent as permeable reactive barrier, can be by heavy metal Cd apart from anode S3(5/8) enrichment times located reduces approximately 3.63 times, the total clearance of whole heavy metal-polluted soil Cd is about 40%, wherein permeable reactive barrier is about 90% to the contribution ratio of clearance, has proved that electronic reparation+permeable reactive barrier can realize heavy metal accumulation to the process of removing.
3, simple, easy to implement, the applied range of the inventive method operating condition, cost is low, efficiency is high, and the reparation of heavy metal Cd contaminated soil is had to good social benefit and ecological benefits.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
The rhamnolipid concentrate that takes certain mass is put into dissolution kettle, then adds appropriate deionized water heating stirring and dissolving, then to add pH to regulate pH be 4.8, and controlled concentration is 0.5g/L, and cooling to obtain the rhamnolipid aqueous solution standby.Adopting flyash haydite and fine sand is to mix at 3: 10 by weight proportion, and the effect of fine sand is to extend the time of staying of heavy metal Cd in permeable reactive wall, and packing sealed bag into, to make permeable reactive barrier standby.The two ends that are 5 meter bands in need Cd contaminated soil to be processed arrange respectively electrolytic cell pond body, the length of electrolytic cell pond body be 0.4 meter, wide be that 0.4 meter, height are 0.05 meter, it is 0.05 meter that two electrolytic cells arrange diameter, length is two graphite electrodes of 0.06 meter, and two graphite electrodes connect a 120v voltage constant voltage dc source and universal meter; Filter cloth isolation soil and electrolytic solution cell are set between the Cd contaminated soil of processing at need and two electrolytic cells of yin, yang, and apart from anode S3(5/8) locate to arrange the permeable reactive barrier that above-mentioned preparation is housed, cloudy electrolytic cell adds the rhamnolipid aqueous solution of above-mentioned preparation, sun electrolytic cell adds appropriate deionized water, switches on power Cd contaminated soil is carried out to electronic reparation.Under 90v voltage, move 7d, within running 2 hours, carry out current monitoring once.After energising, at the EOF due in test, by anode, flow to negative electrode, cause the solution in anode electrolysis pond constantly to reduce, thereby supplement deionized water every 12h anode electrolytic cell, to guarantee that anode electrolysis pond maintains certain solution amount, and regularly discharge the electric osmose liquid of negative electrode, to be measured after storing.After electronic reparation finishes, earth pillar is divided into five parts from anode to negative electrode, and samples from electronic rehabilitating soil difference, dry, mix, carry out the analysis of pH value and content of beary metal, electronic rehabilitating soil is containing Cd 365.63mg kg
-1, heavy metal Cd is apart from anode S3(5/8) and the enrichment times located is down to 0.58 by 4.15, and the total clearance of whole heavy metal-polluted soil Cd is 38.84%, and wherein permeable reactive barrier is 86.71% to the contribution ratio of clearance.Proved that electronic reparation+permeable reactive barrier can realize heavy metal accumulation to the process of removing.
Embodiment 2
The rhamnolipid concentrate that takes certain mass is put into dissolution kettle, then adds appropriate deionized water heating stirring and dissolving, then to add pH to regulate pH be 8, and controlled concentration is 1g/L, and cooling to obtain the rhamnolipid aqueous solution standby.Adopting is to mix at 3.5: 10 with flyash haydite and the fine sand of certain mass by weight proportion, and the effect of fine sand is the time of staying of prolongation heavy metal Cd in permeable reactive wall, and packing sealed bag into, to make permeable reactive barrier standby.The two ends that are 5 meter bands in need Cd contaminated soil to be processed arrange respectively electrolytic cell pond body, the length of electrolytic cell pond body be 0.80 meter, wide be that 0.80 meter, height are 0.10 meter, it is that 0.05 meter, length are two graphite electrodes of 0.06 meter that two electrolytic cells arrange diameter, and two graphite electrodes connect a 120v voltage constant voltage dc source and universal meter; Filter paper isolation soil and electrolytic solution cell are set between the Cd contaminated soil of processing at need and two electrolytic cells of yin, yang, and apart from anode S3(5/8) locate to arrange the permeable reactive barrier that above-mentioned preparation is housed, cloudy electrolytic cell adds the rhamnolipid aqueous solution of above-mentioned preparation, sun electrolytic cell adds appropriate deionized water, switches on power Cd contaminated soil is carried out to electronic reparation.Under 90v voltage, move 7d, within running 3 hours, carry out current monitoring once.After energising, at the EOF due in test, by anode, flow to negative electrode, cause the solution in anode electrolysis pond constantly to reduce, thereby supplement deionized water every 12h anode electrolytic cell, to guarantee that anode electrolysis pond maintains certain solution amount, and regularly discharge the electric osmose liquid of negative electrode, to be measured after storing.After electronic reparation finishes, earth pillar is divided into five parts from anode to negative electrode, and sample from electronic rehabilitating soil difference, dry, mix, carry out the analysis of pH value and content of beary metal, electronic rehabilitating soil is containing Cd371.21mg kg-1, and heavy metal Cd is apart from anode S3(5/8) enrichment times located is down to 0.42 by 4.13, the total clearance of whole heavy metal-polluted soil Cd is 45.3%, and wherein permeable reactive barrier is 89% to the contribution ratio of clearance.Proved that electronic reparation+permeable reactive barrier can realize heavy metal accumulation to the process of removing.
Embodiment 3
The rhamnolipid concentrate that takes certain mass is put into dissolution kettle, then adds appropriate deionized water heating stirring and dissolving, then to add pH to regulate pH be 10, and controlled concentration is 2g/L, and cooling to obtain the rhamnolipid aqueous solution standby.Adopting is to mix at 5: 10 with flyash haydite and the fine sand of certain mass by weight proportion, and the effect of fine sand is the time of staying of prolongation heavy metal Cd in permeable reactive wall, and packing sealed bag into, to make permeable reactive barrier standby.Four angles that are 8 meter bands in need Cd contaminated soil to be processed arrange respectively the anode electrolysis pond that adopts pvc material to make, the length of pond, anode electrolysis pond body be 0.80 meter, wide be that 0.80 meter, height are 0.10 meter, it is 0.05 meter that each electrolytic cell arranges diameter, and length is the graphite electrode of 0.06 meter; Pond, the catholyte pond body of ceramic material is set at need Cd contaminated soil to be processed central point, in catholyte pond, adds the rhamnolipid solution of above-mentioned preparation, diameter is set is 0.04 meter, length in electrolytic cell and be the graphite electrode of 0.06 meter; Each graphite electrode is connected with a 120v voltage constant voltage dc source and universal meter routinely, the moisture content of soil remains on 30%, chemical fabric isolation soil and electrolytic solution cell are set between the Cd contaminated soil of processing at need respectively and two electrolytic cells of yin, yang, and apart from anode S3(5/8) locate to arrange the permeable reactive barrier that above-mentioned preparation is housed, cloudy electrolytic cell adds the rhamnolipid solution of above-mentioned preparation, sun electrolytic cell adds appropriate deionized water, switches on power Cd contaminated soil is carried out to electronic reparation.Under 100v voltage, move 7d, within running 2 hours, carry out current monitoring once.After energising, at the EOF due in test, by anode, flow to negative electrode, cause the solution in anode electrolysis pond constantly to reduce, thereby supplement deionized water every 12h anode electrolytic cell, to guarantee that anode electrolysis pond maintains certain solution amount, and regularly discharge the electric osmose liquid of negative electrode, to be measured after storing.After electronic reparation finishes, each earth pillar is divided into five parts from anode to negative electrode, and sample from electronic rehabilitating soil difference, dry, mix, carry out the analysis of pH value and content of beary metal, electronic rehabilitating soil is containing Cd 386.02mg kg-1, and heavy metal Cd is apart from anode S3(5/8) enrichment times located is down to 0.48 by 4.1, the total clearance of whole heavy metal-polluted soil Cd is 40.6%, and wherein permeable reactive barrier is 92% to the contribution ratio of clearance.Proved that electronic reparation+permeable reactive barrier can realize heavy metal accumulation to the process of removing.
Claims (4)
1. the processing method of a heavy metal Cd contaminated soil, it is characterized in that: positive electrolytic cell and cloudy electrolytic cell are set in certain distance, each electrolytic cell configuration graphite electrode is also connected with constant voltage dc source and universal meter, cloudy electrolytic cell adds rhamnolipid solution, sun electrolytic cell adds deionized water, enrichment place in pollutant heavy metal Cd arranges permeable reactive barrier, switches on power Cd contaminated soil is carried out to electronic reparation, and operating procedure is:
(1) rhamnolipid solution preparation: adopt deionized water, rhamnolipid, pH adjusting agent fully to dissolve and make rhamnolipid solution for standby;
(2) contaminated soil is processed: deionized water is evenly sprayed to Cd Polluted Soil, makes the moisture content of soil remain on 27～33%;
(3) reaction wall preparation: adopt lytag and fine sand to mix, packing sealed bag into, to make permeable reactive barrier standby;
(4) contaminated soil is processed: one of positive electrolytic cell and positive graphite electrode is set in Cd contaminated soil processing plot, cloudy electrolytic cell and graphite electrode are more than one, the graphite electrode of sun electrolytic cell and cloudy electrolytic cell is connected with the constant voltage dc source that is provided with universal meter, the Cd contaminated soil of processing at need is with cloudy, between two electrolytic cells of sun, filter cloth is set, in cloudy electrolytic cell approaches the contaminated soil of positive electrolytic cell, permeable reactive barrier is set, in cloudy electrolytic cell, add rhamnolipid solution, in sun electrolytic cell, add appropriate deionized water, switch on power Cd contaminated soil is carried out to electronic reparation,
Described rhamnolipid solution concentration is 0.5～2.0g/L;
Described pH adjusting agent comprises the energy complete full-ionized inorganic acid of water-soluble generation and inorganic base;
Described lytag is from commercially available lytag;
The lytag of described permeable reactive barrier and fine sand part by weight are 3～5: 10.
2. the processing method of heavy metal Cd contaminated soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described two electrolytic cell pond bodies of negative and positive are long: wide: be 8:8:1 at high proportion, anode electrolysis pond adopts pvc material, and catholyte pond adopts ceramic material.
3. the processing method of heavy metal Cd contaminated soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described filter cloth and the material of sealed bag comprise filter cloth, filter paper, woven bag, shield net, chemical fabric and cotton.
4. the processing method of heavy metal Cd contaminated soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described graphite electrode diameter is 0.05 meter, and length is 0.06 meter.
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| CN104070058B (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2016-01-13 | 常州大学 | For the chemical-biological coupling restorative procedure of Cd Pollution in Soil |
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| CN105880276A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-08-24 | 上海大学 | Repair method of cadmium and lead polluted soil and electric-microorganism united permeable reaction wall repair device |
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| CN109513741B (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2020-12-25 | 江苏科技大学 | Device and method for repairing contaminated soil |
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