CN102883239A - Sound field reappearing method in vehicle - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sound field reappearing method in a vehicle. The method comprises the following steps of: 1, selecting sound listening positions, and testing pulse response time between each loudspeaker channel and each sound listening position; and 2, calculating delay time required by each loudspeaker channel corresponding to each channel pulse response time according to each channel pulse response time, and delaying each loudspeaker channel according to the required delay time. By the method, the delay time required by each loudspeaker channel is determined by testing the pulse response time between each loudspeaker channel and each sound listening position, and the sound listening positions are regulated to be the optimal sound listening positions, so that the low-cost and high-quality sound field reappearing in the vehicle is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the automobile audio technology, be specifically related to a kind of vehicle interior sound field reproducing technology (SR.C Sound field Reappear in Car).
Background technology
Automobile plays great function (being called as " mobile family ") as the modern transportation instrument at society.In this year, the automobile consumer more and more pays close attention to the sense of hearing comfortableness in the vehicle.
Existing car audio system mainly is limited by the interior seat layout of car and interior space less, causes bass to be difficult to send, and the best phoneme of listening is not on the seat, and sound location is relatively poor, and its main cause is as follows:
1, the fixed layout of loud speaker of sound system in the existing car is distributed on the position left front, right front, left back and right back in the car general rule, forms four tunnel speaker systems.The sound field center of speaker system, usually also be changeless, it is positioned at the centre that car is taken the space, and driver's seat among the main driver's seat at human body place, front passenger's seat and/or player No.5's driver's seat, back right driver's seat, the rear row, all be positioned at not reciprocity position, it is large also to be that impulse response that each loud speaker sends arrives the time difference of each vehicle seat, does not listen on the phoneme in the best.
2, the Qianmen loud speaker generally is installed on the lower position of car door, causes Sound image localization relatively poor.
3, because interior space is less, the distance of people and loud speaker is too near, does not become point sound source.Normal domestic use hifi, its audition distance is generally over 2 meters; If the three frequency division chest, 3 meters is suitable position in addition especially, can think that its sound is that same point sends.And vehicle sound equipment, the distance of the high pitch of (or A post) and people's ear on the instrument desk (general 80cm), high pitch loudspeaker and woofer do not become point sound source respectively from different position sounding.
4, interior space is smaller, and the sound wave one-period wavelength of 100HZ is 3.4m, and bass also is difficult to play a role at such confined space.
In existing adopt manual types to carry out sound field to regulate more, industry said " golden ear " namely, normally the stakeholder in audiophile or repacking shop rule of thumb debugs.But its parameter of different vehicles arranges difference, and the debugging scheme of " golden ear " is relatively more subjective, and error is large, and manual adjustment efficient is low.And the best that accesses listens phoneme to only have one, and other audition needs be arranged voluntarily by the consumer.
Also there are some technology of proposition to be used for solving the existing the problems referred to above of vehicle interior sound field in existing, such as Chinese invention patent application (application number 201210048530.4, applying date 2012-02-29) provide a kind of sound field adjustable vehicle-mounted loudspeaker system, it installs a plurality of adjustable speakers and sound field controller all around in automobile, each adjustable speaker is made of loud speaker and loud speaker adjuster, the loud speaker adjuster is made of the tuning stepping motor, this scheme can be heightened the height that stepping motor is regulated loud speaker, can tuning not only motor fall the direction of positive loud speaker, with the particular location according to the driving staff sound field is regulated, the driving staff is in listens recently phoneme.But, this scheme is to adopt mechanical sound field solution, and its change and the vehicle-mounted loud speaker commonly used of having upgraded need additionally to install hardware device and can realize the sound field adjusting in car, not only increased the scheme cost, scheme is installed complicated, and has run counter to the development trend of mobile unit miniaturization, simultaneously, mechanical loudspeaker position is regulated, error is large, and hardware device easily along bad, affects the sound field regulating effect.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned weak point of the prior art, a kind of vehicle interior sound field replay method is provided, this programme is by the pulse response time of each road loudspeaker channel of test to each tin phoneme, to determine the needed delay time of each road loudspeaker channel, listen phoneme will listen phoneme to be adjusted to the best, thereby the vehicle interior sound field of having realized low-cost and high-quality reappears.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The vehicle interior sound field replay method, as follows:
S1 selects to listen phoneme, tests each road loudspeaker channel to the pulse response time of this tin phoneme;
S2 delays time each loudspeaker channel according to the required delay time of each its corresponding loudspeaker channel of channel impulse response Time Calculation according to required delay time.
In existing automobile audio, because the restriction of car inner structure is " emperor listens phoneme " that does not have in the home theater, namely the best phoneme of listening is listened phoneme by the best that can realize of the technical program in automobile, and the best position of listening can freely be selected.In the such scheme, be different from existing mechanical type sound field and reappear scheme, arrive the pulse response time of a certain tin of phoneme by test loudspeaker to determine delay time, listen the time of phoneme almost identical so that the sound that each road loud speaker sends arrives, realized the best setting of listening phoneme, and, need not to change original loud speaker hardware configuration in the car, realized by software control, realized that the sound field of low-cost and high-quality is reappeared effect, improve the Sound image localization sense.
In the said method, described tin of phoneme of step S1 may be selected to be among main driver's seat, front passenger's seat, player No.5's driver's seat, back right driver's seat and/or the rear row any one in the driver's seat and takes advantage of seat, after testing out respectively the required delay time of each road loudspeaker channel, can each take advantage of seat to be set to the best phoneme of listening, generally only provide the best of main driver's seat to listen phoneme setting and scheme than existing, realized that the best at full seat is listened the phoneme setting.Certainly, also can select as required any one position conduct tin phoneme in the car, listen the phoneme setting to carry out the best.
On above-mentioned preferred tin of phoneme selection scheme, described on-vehicle host is provided with the best phoneme handover module of listening, be used for to switch the best phoneme of listening at different seat or other tins phonemes taken advantage of, when switching to a certain tin of phoneme, the adjusting of delaying time of sound field reproduction scheme when on-vehicle host control track loud speaker is listened phoneme with this tin phoneme as the best, realized best freely the switching of phoneme that listen, met individual requirements.
Described the best listens the phoneme handover module to can be the best tin phoneme handover module of button formula, also can be to touch the best phoneme handover module of listening of click type, when being set to touch best tin of phoneme handover module of click type, can realize one-touch quick switching, selection.
In the such scheme, phoneme is listened in the described selection of step S1, tests each road loudspeaker channel to the pulse response time of this tin phoneme, is specially: place pick-up at this tin phoneme, simulation people's auditory properties, pick-up are used for receiving the impulse response that each road loudspeaker channel is sent; Each road loudspeaker channel is sent separately impulse response; Pick-up receives the impulse response that each road loudspeaker channel is sent, and the test loudspeaker passage sends impulse response and is pulse response time to time of pick-up.
The preferred version of above-mentioned steps S1, Ruo Chenei is equipped with 4 tunnel loudspeaker channel, left front, right front, left back and right back loud speaker also namely is installed, when described tin of phoneme selected in main driver's seat, front passenger's seat, player No.5's driver's seat or back right driver's seat, selected just listen phoneme and test out No. 4 loud speakers be respectively t1, t2, t3 and t4 to the pulse response time of tin phoneme, if maximum is Tmax among t1, t2, t3 and the t 4, if being located on the distance of two loud speakers of transverse horizontal direction is L, establishing the velocity of sound is C;
Step S2 is described to calculate the required delay time of its corresponding road loudspeaker channel according to each pulse response time, and each passage power amplifier is delayed time according to required delay time, specifically is divided into following situation:
If S101 is L＜TmaxC, then the delay time of 4 tunnel loudspeaker channel is respectively Tmax-t1, Tmax-t2, Tmax-t3 and Tmax-t4;
If S102 is L＞TmaxC, then the delay time of 4 tunnel loudspeaker channel is respectively L/C-t1, L/C-t2, L/C-t3 and L/C-t4;
If S103 is L=TmaxC, the delay time of 4 tunnel loudspeaker channel calculates by above-mentioned S101 or S102.
Above-mentioned delay time numerical procedure is because in actual internal loudspeaker layout, TmaxC is generally about 2.2m, so that No. 4 loud speakers form point sound source effectively, can realize impression between listening of large space at narrow and small interior space, break through the spatial limitation of sound field, improve hearing effect.
The pick-up of described tin of phoneme placement is the ears pick-up, be respectively applied to receive the left and right sound channels impulse response that each road loudspeaker channel is sent, above-mentioned loudspeaker channel is got the mean value of L channel pulse response time and R channel pulse response time to the pulse response time of listening phoneme.
Because sound wave is propagated in car through Multi reflection, and the peak is arranged, and paddy is arranged, and adopts above-mentioned mean value calculation mode, can improve the calculating accuracy, improve the delay time accuracy, reduce error.
In the above-mentioned time-delay scheme, the time-delay of described loudspeaker channel is carried out by vehicle-mounted time-delay IC.Because a lot of IC have the function of delaying time and arranging in the vehicle-mounted multimedia equipment, but all do not have reasonably to utilize, delay operation of the present invention adopts vehicle-mounted intrinsic IC to carry out, and a best tin phoneme setting need not increase cost.
In the said method, be to reduce error rate, before the pulse response time test of this tin phoneme, also need make environment inside car satisfy test condition in described each the road loudspeaker channel of carrying out of step S1, to reduce environment inside car to the impact of test result accuracy:
A. ambient noise is lower than measured signal sound pressure level 12dB at least, and surrounding environment can not extraordinary noise;
B. vehicle window is closed, and seal is good, and engine and air-conditioning are closed;
C. ambient temperature is 15 ℃-35 ℃, relative temperature 45%-75%, air pressure 86kPa-106kPa.
The suitable ordinary people of the placement location of ears pick-up drives or is sitting in the position that other take advantage of ears when upper, two effects that ears pick-up simulation test people ears are heard.Preferably, because each vehicle seat has certain height and width size, for the ears simulating degree that makes ears pick-up and people higher, so that best phoneme and people's the binaural of listening more mate, described ears pick-up according to the people on taking advantage of seat usually during sitting posture the position of people's ear determine placement location.
The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect compared to existing technology:
Vehicle interior sound field reproducing technology provided by the present invention, be different from existing mechanical type sound field and reappear scheme, by testing each road loudspeaker channel to the pulse response time of each tin phoneme, to determine the needed delay time of each loudspeaker channel, so that arriving, the audio frequency that each loud speaker sends listen the time of phoneme almost identical, will listen phoneme to be adjusted to the best phoneme of listening, and, the test of pulse response time and time-delay are regulated, realize by software control, realize the sound field reproduction effect of low-cost and high-quality, improved the Sound image localization sense.Simultaneously, the impulse response time-delay scheme that adopts has realized and can realize impression between listening of large space at narrow and small interior space, the real at the top of one's voice spatial limitation of field.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is stereo schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the ultrasonogram of 4 tunnel speaker systems in the car;
Fig. 3 is the inventive method overall flow figure;
Fig. 4 is that the described power amplifier of embodiment is without the impulse response test result of time-delay;
Fig. 5 is the test result after the described power amplifier time-delay of embodiment;
Fig. 6 touches the best UI design interface figure that listens the phoneme handover module of click type.
Embodiment
Generally speaking, vehicle interior sound field reproducing technology of the present invention is mainly realized based on the Sound image localization principle.As shown in Figure 1, Sound image localization refers to that electroacoustics system can reappear the sound source trams before the lights such as musical instrument, and the acoustic information by the mirage phantom left and right acoustic channels can form the image to acoustic image height, the degree of depth, width in people's brain.
According to stereo principle: best effect should be to be equilateral triangle between left and right sides sound source and auditor, also is A=B=C, is isosceles triangle at least.When the isosceles triangle angle not simultaneously, the sound stage width of acoustic image is different.
Listen phoneme can produce the monophony audio-visual effects from loud speaker away from too, can reduce the result of stereophonic sound image close to too.
As shown in Figure 2, in the general automobile 4 loud speakers are installed, comprise left front, right front, left back and right back, because the restriction of environment inside car, same tin of phoneme is unequal to the distance of No. four loud speakers, and this distance can not be by brief directly measuring with ruler, and the present invention determines four tunnel loudspeaker channel to the distance of same tin of phoneme by test 5 tunnel loudspeaker channel to the pulse response time of listening phoneme, thereby determine needed delay time.
4 tunnel speaker systems are installed in the car shown in Figure 2, left front, right front, left back and right back channel loudspeaker also namely is installed, when described tin of phoneme selected in main driver's seat, front passenger's seat, player No.5's driver's seat or back right driver's seat, the present invention is described in further detail in conjunction with the embodiments, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment
The vehicle interior sound field replay method before carrying out following method operation, for reducing error rate, need make environment inside car satisfy the environment inside car condition:
A. ambient noise is lower than measured signal sound pressure level 12dB at least, and surrounding environment can not extraordinary noise;
B. vehicle window is closed, and seal is good, and engine and air-conditioning are closed;
C. ambient temperature is 15 ℃-35 ℃, relative temperature 45%-75%, air pressure 86kPa-106kPa.
Simultaneously, the placement location of ears loud speaker next-door neighbour is near people position of people's ear during usual sitting posture on taking advantage of seat, and growth is the position when being equivalent to the ordinary people and driving, and the ears pick-up is used for the effect that simulation test people ears are heard.For example because the people is that the height that the positional distance that described ears pick-up is placed is taken face is 650mm in the face of attending a banquet mobile 3/4 position from front to back in the position of attending a banquet, with a horizontal range of taking advantage of the seat headrest be 200mm;
As shown in Figure 3, method is as follows:
S1 selects to listen phoneme, tests each road loudspeaker channel to the pulse response time of this tin phoneme;
S2 delays time each loudspeaker channel according to the required delay time of each its corresponding loudspeaker channel of channel impulse response Time Calculation according to required delay time.
Phoneme is listened in the described selection of step S1, test each road loudspeaker channel to the pulse response time of this tin phoneme, be specially: place the ears pick-up at this tin phoneme, be respectively applied to receive the left and right sound channels impulse response that channel loudspeaker sends, send separately impulse response by main frame by loudspeaker channel; The ears pick-up receives the impulse response that each road loudspeaker channel is sent, and loudspeaker channel is got the mean value of L channel pulse response time and R channel pulse response time to the pulse response time of listening phoneme, and this mean value is pulse response time.
Ruo Chenei is equipped with 4 tunnel loudspeaker channel, front left also namely is installed, front right, rear left and rear right channel loudspeaker, described tin of phoneme is at main driver's seat, front passenger's seat, when selecting in player No.5's driver's seat or the back right driver's seat, select to just listen phoneme and test out No. 4 loud speakers and be respectively t1 to the pulse response time of listening phoneme, t2, t3 and t4, if t1, t2, maximum is Tmax among t3 and the t4, if being located on the distance of the two-loudspeaker of transverse horizontal direction is L, (when the distance of front and back two-loudspeaker is not reciprocity, if left front and distance right front speaker transverse horizontal direction is L1, left back and distance right rear loudspeakers transverse horizontal direction is L2, L=(L1+L2)/2), establishing the velocity of sound is C;
The described required delay time of each road loudspeaker channel that calculates its correspondence according to each road pulse response time of step S2 is delayed time each road loudspeaker channel according to required delay time, specifically be divided into following situation:
If S101 is L＜TmaxC, then the delay time of 4 tunnel loudspeaker channel is respectively Tmax-t1, Tmax-t2, Tmax-t3 and Tmax-t4;
If S102 is L＞TmaxC, then the delay time of 4 tunnel loudspeaker channel is respectively L/C-t 1, L/C-t2, L/C-t3 and L/C-t4;
If S103 is L=TmaxC, the delay time of 4 tunnel loudspeaker channel calculates by above-mentioned S101 or S102.
The below is with the Kazakhstan of Great Wall, China motor corporation H5 model car not, and car owner's driver's seat is example for listening a phoneme, specifies test and time-delay method.
Place ears pick-ups (MIC L, MIC R) at main driver's seat, the volume of power amplifier is transferred to suitable position to immobilize, test separately respectively front left loudspeaker channel, the right loudspeaker channel in front road, way of escape left speaker passage, rear right wing loudspeaker channel and send out separately the power amplifier of place's sound without the impulse response of time-delay, test result as shown in Figure 4.
Through measuring, breathing out not on the H5 car, the distance L=1.3m of front left and front right loud speaker, TmaxC=0.0066x340=2.2m, L＜TmaxC, for the sound that 4 tunnel loudspeaker channel are sent arrives auditor's ear simultaneously:
Front L channel time-delay: 6.6-4.7=1.9ms
Front R channel time-delay: 6.6-6.5=0.1ms
Rear L channel time-delay: 6.6-5.2=1.4ms
Rear R channel need not be delayed time.
After time-delay arranged, the impulse response result that 4 tunnel loudspeaker channel are tested separately as shown in Figure 5.
Above test result shows: maximum error rate: 0.03/6.6=0.5%, in 10%, substantially reach target, and test error is relevant with ambient noise on every side, and is relevant with the reflected sound in the automobile, causes reading out data to produce error.
Behind the delay adjustments, suitably finely tune according to sense of hearing, cooperate the adjustment such as EQ, to satisfy the audition needs.
In the above-mentioned time-delay scheme, the time-delay of described each road loudspeaker channel is carried out by the delay function of vehicle-mounted IC.Because a lot of IC have the function of delaying time and arranging in the vehicle-mounted multimedia equipment, but all do not have reasonably to utilize, delay operation of the present invention adopts vehicle-mounted intrinsic IC to carry out, and a best tin phoneme setting need not increase cost.
When calculating each tin phoneme and listen phoneme as the best by such scheme, after each road loudspeaker channel time-delay scheme, on-vehicle host is standby deposits.On-vehicle host is provided with the best phoneme handover module of listening, and when the user listened the selected a certain tin of phoneme of phoneme handover module to listen phoneme as the best by this best, on-vehicle host was namely carried out the time-delay scheme by time-delay IC.
Described the best listens the phoneme handover module to can be the best phoneme handover module of listening of button formula, also can be and touch the best phoneme handover module of listening of click type, when being set to touch best tin of phoneme handover module of click type, be illustrated in figure 6 as corresponding UI design interface, can realize one-touch quick switching, selection.
Above-described embodiment is the better execution mode of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under Spirit Essence of the present invention and the principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the vehicle interior sound field replay method is characterized in that, comprising:
S1 selects to listen phoneme, tests each road loudspeaker channel to the pulse response time of this tin phoneme;
S2 delays time each loudspeaker channel according to the required delay time of each its corresponding loudspeaker channel of channel impulse response Time Calculation according to required delay time.
2. described vehicle interior sound field replay method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described tin of phoneme of step S1 is chosen as among main driver's seat, front passenger's seat, player No.5's driver's seat, back right driver's seat and/or the rear row any one in the driver's seat and takes advantage of seat.
3. described vehicle interior sound field replay method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described on-vehicle host is provided with the best phoneme handover module of listening, and is used for switching the best phoneme of listening at different seat or other tins phonemes taken advantage of.
4. described vehicle interior sound field replay method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: it is the best phoneme handover module of listening of button formula that described the best is listened the phoneme handover module, or for touching the best phoneme handover module of listening of click type.
5. described vehicle interior sound field replay method according to claim 3 is characterized in that:
Phoneme is listened in the described selection of step S1, tests each road loudspeaker channel to the pulse response time of this tin phoneme, is specially: place pick-up at this tin phoneme, be used for receiving the impulse response that each road loudspeaker channel is sent; Each road loudspeaker channel is sent separately impulse response; Pick-up receives the impulse response that each road loudspeaker channel is sent, and the test loudspeaker passage sends impulse response and is pulse response time to time of pick-up.
6. described vehicle interior sound field replay method according to claim 5 is characterized in that:
The pick-up of described tin of phoneme placement is the ears pick-up, be respectively applied to receive the left and right sound channels impulse response that each road loudspeaker channel is sent, above-mentioned loudspeaker channel is got the mean value of L channel pulse response time and R channel pulse response time to the pulse response time of listening phoneme.
7. described vehicle interior sound field replay method according to claim 6 is characterized in that:
Before the test of the pulse response time of this tin phoneme, also need make environment inside car satisfy following test condition in described each the road loudspeaker channel of carrying out of step S1:
A. ambient noise is lower than measured signal sound pressure level 12dB at least, and surrounding environment can not extraordinary noise;
B. vehicle window is closed, and seal is good, and engine and air-conditioning are closed;
C. ambient temperature is 15 ℃-35 ℃, relative temperature 45%-75%, air pressure 86kPa-106kPa.
8. described vehicle interior sound field replay method according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the suitable ordinary people of the placement location of described ears pick-up drives or is sitting in the position that other take advantage of ears when upper.
9. described vehicle interior sound field replay method according to claim 8 is characterized in that: the time-delay of described loudspeaker channel, carried out by vehicle-mounted time-delay IC.
10. according to claim 1 to 9 each described vehicle interior sound field replay methods, it is characterized in that: 4 tunnel loudspeaker channel are installed in the described car, also namely be equipped with left front, right front, left back and right back loud speaker, described tin of phoneme is at main driver's seat, front passenger's seat, when selecting in player No.5's driver's seat or the back right driver's seat, selected just listen phoneme and test out No. 4 loud speakers be respectively t1 to the pulse response time of tin phoneme, t2, t3 and t4, if t1, t2, maximum is Tmax among t3 and the t4, if being located on the distance of two loud speakers of transverse horizontal direction is L, establishing the velocity of sound is C;
Step S2 is described to calculate the required delay time of its corresponding road loudspeaker channel according to each pulse response time, and each passage power amplifier is delayed time according to required delay time, specifically is divided into following situation:
If S101 is L＜TmaxC, then the delay time of 4 tunnel loudspeaker channel is respectively Tmax-t1, Tmax-t2, Tmax-t3 and Tmax-t4;
If S102 is L＞TmaxC, then the delay time of 4 tunnel loudspeaker channel is respectively L/C-t1, L/C-t2, L/C-t3 and L/C-t4;
If S103 is L=TmaxC, the delay time of 4 tunnel loudspeaker channel calculates by above-mentioned S101 or S102.
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| CN109104686A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-12-28 | 惠州市德赛西威汽车电子股份有限公司 | A kind of automobile audio dimensional sound extension method |
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| CN111510847A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-08-07 | 瑞声科技(沭阳)有限公司 | Micro loudspeaker array, in-vehicle sound field control method and device and storage device |
| CN113115199A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-07-13 | 华南理工大学 | Vehicle-mounted sound reproduction signal delay method adaptive to listening center position |
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